备考2024届高考英语一轮复习课时提能 第一部分 过透教材 Unit 4 Breaking boundaries 外研版选择性必修第二册.docx

1、Unit 4 Breaking boundaries一、阅读理解A中国情怀/2023江苏徐州5月考前模拟At a restaurant in Singapore， a server is busy swerving between tables and bringing dishes to hungry customers. However， the server is not a human but a delivery robot developed by Shanghai-based unicorn Keenon Robotics. The restaurants cute cartoo

2、n-like employee adds a sense of warmth to help personalize the dining experience. In recent years， delivery robots have been popular in foreign countries. According to Li Tong， founder and CEO of Keenon Robotics， sales revenue of Keenon almost doubled last year and more than half of the companys rob

3、ots were shipped to foreign markets in 2022.Founded in 2010， Keenon Robotics leverages its fully autonomous positioning and navigation technology to offer robots both at home and abroad， including server， disinfection， delivery and logistics robots. In the field of industrial robots， which is known

4、as the crown jewel of manufacturing， Chinese companies have already turned from followers to leaders. Core components used to rely heavily on imports， but in recent years we have achieved breakthroughs in crucial technologies and are quickly catching up， Li said.China is the worlds largest market fo

5、r the industrial robot industry. Sales of industrial robots in China reached over 300，000 units last year， accounting for more than half of global sales. A research report said the worlds service robotics market is projected to grow from $36.2 billion in 2021 to $103.3 billion by 2026 and high retur

6、ns on investment is the key factor driving the service robotics market.With such advantages as relatively low manufacturing costs and a sound domestic supply and industrial chain， Chinese robotics companies are expected to further knock on the doors of rising markets globally. However， Zhang Weijion

7、g， a professor from the China Europe International Business School， pointed out that there are still problems. They must abide by the laws and regulations overseas and follow various industrial and technical standards. Therefore， they need to establish corresponding channels and teams to facilitate

8、robotics products to enter the international market.这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在被称为制造业皇冠上的明珠的工业机器人领域，中国公司已经从追随者变成了领导者。凭借相对较低的制造成本和完善的国内供应链和产业链等优势，中国机器人公司有望进一步敲开全球新兴市场的大门。1.What does the underlined word leverages in paragraph 3 mean？A. Applies.B. Imports.C. Changes.D. Evaluates.解析A词义猜测题。由its fully autonomous posi

9、tioning and navigation technology to offer robots both at home and abroad， including server， disinfection， delivery and logistics robots可知，下文说的是其全自主的定位和导航技术的具体应用。由此可知，画线词的含义应为应用，故选A项。2.What contributes to the arising of the Chinese service robots overseas？A. Lowered prices.B. Enhanced purchasing pow

10、er.C. Mastering core technologies.D. Enough human resources.解析C细节理解题。由第四段中的In the field of industrial robots， which is known as the crown jewel of manufacturing， Chinese companies have already turned from followers to leaders. Core components used to rely heavily on imports， but in recent years we h

11、ave achieved breakthroughs in crucial technologies and are quickly catching up可知，为中国的服务机器人在海外的崛起做贡献的是关键技术上取得的突破，故选C项。3.What does Professor Zhang Weijiong emphasize？A. The advantages of Chinese robotics companies.B. The golden opportunity to expand robot export.C. Comparisons of domestic and overseas

12、 markets.D. A few challenges Chinese robotics firms face.解析D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的However， Zhang Weijiong， a professor from the China Europe International Business School， pointed out that there are still problems可推知，张教授认为中国机器人公司面临挑战，故选D项。4.Which of the following could be the best title for the passage？A. B

13、oosting of overseas marketB. Popularity of delivery robotsC. Crown jewel of manufacturingD. Rising of Chinese industrial robots解析D标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国工业机器人的崛起，故选D项。B2024湖北名校第一次联合测评Desperately ill and seeking a miracle， David Bennett Sr. took the last bet on Jan. 7 when he became the first human to

14、 be successfully transplanted with the heart of a pig.It creates the beat； it creates the pressure； it is his heart， declared Bartley Griffith， director of the surgical team that performed the operation at the University of Maryland Medical Center. Bennett， then 57， held on through 60 tomorrows， far

15、 longer than any previous patient whod received a heart from another species. His remarkable run offered new hope that such procedures， known as xenotransplantation （异种器官移植）， could help relieve the shortage of replacement organs， saving thousands of lives each year. The earliest attempts at xenotran

16、splantation of organs， involving kidneys from rabbits， goats， and other animals， occurred in the early 20th century， decades before the first successful human-to-human transplants. Rejection， which occurs when the recipients body system recognizes the donor organ as a foreign object and attacks it，

17、followed within hours or days. Results improved after some special drugs arrived in the 1960s， but most recipients still died after a few weeks. The record for a heart xenotransplant was set in 1983， when an infant named Baby Fae survived for 20 days with an organ from a baboon （狒狒）.In recent years，

18、 however， advances in gene editing have opened a new possibility： re-edit some genes in animals to provide user-friendly spare parts. Pigs could be ideal for this purpose， because theyre easy to raise and reach adult human size in months. Some biotech companies， including Revivicor， are investing he

19、avily in the field. The donor pig was offered by Revivicor from a line of animals in which 10 genes had been re-edited to improve the hearts condition. Beyond that， the pig was raised in isolation and tested regularly for viruses that could infect humans or damage the organ itself.This medical break

20、through provided an alternative for the 20 of patients on the heart transplant waiting list who die while waiting or become too sick to be a good candidate.本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了第一个成功移植猪心脏的人，他坚持了60天，比以往任何接受过其他物种心脏移植的病人都要长得多。他的出色表现给人们带来了新的希望，即这种被称为异种移植的手术可以帮助缓解替代器官的短缺，每年挽救数千人的生命。这一医学突破为心脏移植等待名单上20的患者提供了另一种选择

21、。1.What does the underlined word run in paragraph 2 refer to？A. Donating his heart to a patient.B. Performing the heart operation.C. Living for 60 days after the operation.D. Receiving a new heart from a pig.解析C词语指代题。由第二段Bennett， then 57， held on through 60 tomorrows， far longer than any previous pa

22、tient whod received a heart from another species. His remarkable run . saving thousands of lives each year可知，His remarkable run指的是上文提到的当时57岁的Bennett坚持了60天，即接受猪心脏移植手术后活了60天，故选C。2.Which aspect of xenotransplantation does paragraph 3 mainly focus on？A. Its history.B. Its procedure.C. Its consequence.D.

23、 Its significance.解析A段落大意题。通读第三段可知，第三段主要介绍了异种器官移植的历史，故选A。3.What makes pigs ideal for providing spare parts in xenotransplantation？A. Their growth rate and health condition.B. Their life pattern and resistance to viruses.C. Their easiness of keeping and rapid growth.D. Their investment value and natu

24、ral qualities.解析C细节理解题。根据第四段中的Pigs could be ideal for this purpose， because theyre easy to raise and reach adult human size in months.可知，猪易养且生长速度快，是异种器官移植的理想供体，故选C。4.Why was Bennetts operation regarded as a breakthrough？A. It introduced new medications to prevent organ rejection.B. It proved the pot

25、ential for using organs from various animals.C. It guaranteed a sufficient supply of donor pigs for transplants.D. It offered a prospect of replacement organs through gene editing.解析D推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的In recent years， however， advances in gene editing have opened a new possibility： re-edit some genes in

26、 animals to provide user-friendly spare parts.及最后一段This medical breakthrough provided an alternative for the 20 of patients on the heart transplant waiting list who die while waiting or become too sick to be a good candidate可推知，Bennett的手术被认为是一个突破，因为它提供了通过基因编辑替代器官的前景，故选D。二、完形填空奋斗精神/2024重庆巴蜀中学高考适应性考试S

27、hawn Cheshire rode across the country on her bicycle， depending on Jesse Crandall， a chemistry professor， to guide her every step of the way. Cheshire lost her 1 after an accident years ago and turned to 2 because she believed sports and physical challenges gave her another opportunity of 3. Through

28、 a friendship with Crandall， she has 4 bicycling to her activities， traveling across the country， meeting and inspiring people all along the way.To Crandall， teaching and guiding are about helping others through5.For many students， chemistry is something they have no experience with， Crandall said.S

29、o， when Im teaching， it helps to think about my experiences 6 my blind friend Cheshire. Then I try talking about the lesson in a language that，7， everybody can understand.Crandall and Cheshire have been skiing， climbing and bicycling together for the past decade. In 2018， the 8 faced the steep terra

30、in of the Grand Canyon， completing a 9 hiking in just over 24 hours. As they walked 42 miles through the night， Cheshire 10warnings of dangers from Crandall， as well as the noise of the bell he wore， which 11 as they advanced. In 2021， Cheshire 12 another world record by riding her own bicycle from

31、the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean.While their next adventure remains uncertain， Crandall knows that there are no13 with Cheshire. They have discussed skiing across Antarctica as a potential future endeavor. Their 14and shared determination will continue to motivate others to overcome setbacks

32、and 15 boundaries.本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Shawn Cheshire失明后在化学教授的指导和陪同下一起滑雪、登山和骑自行车，突破自身极限的励志故事。1.A. hearingB. sightC. balanceD. mind解析B由第6空后的my blind friend Cheshire可知，她是失明了，lose ones sight意为失明，故选B。2.A. religionB. natureC. athleticsD. art解析C由sports and physical challenges可知，她在失明后开始进行体育活动，故选C。3.A. livingB. wi

33、nningC. learningD. testing解析A由traveling across the country， meeting and inspiring people all along the way可知，她觉得运动可以给她另一种生活的机会，故选A。4.A. introducedB. adaptedC. addedD. applied解析C由to her activities 和下文中的bicycling together可知，她开始骑行，也就是把骑自行车加入到她的活动中，add.to.意为把加入到中，故选C。5.A. disastersB. obstaclesC. delaysD

34、. injuries解析B对Crandall来说，教学和指导与帮助他人克服障碍有关。disaster灾难，obstacle障碍，delay推迟，injury伤。B项切题。6.A. interviewingB. evaluatingC. followingD. coaching解析D由第一段中的depending on Jesse Crandall， a chemistry professor， to guide her every step of the way可知，Crandall指导盲人朋友Cheshire，故选D。interview采访；evaluate评价；follow跟随；coach

35、训练，指导。7.A. theoreticallyB. unexpectedlyC. occasionallyD. hopefully解析D句意：然后我试着用一种每个人都有望理解的语言来讲述这堂课。theoretically理论上，unexpectedly出乎意料地，occasionally偶尔，hopefully有希望地。故选D。8.A. pairB. familyC. communityD. army解析A句意：2018年，两人面对科罗拉多大峡谷陡峭的地形，在24小时内完成了一次具有挑战性的徒步旅行。Crandall和Cheshire是两个人，故选A。9.A. refreshingB. re

36、laxingC. challengingD. tragic解析C由the steep terrain of the Grand Canyon可知，大峡谷地形陡峭，所以这是一次有挑战性的徒步旅行，故选C。refreshing使人振奋的，relaxing令人放松的，challenging具有挑战性的，tragic悲惨的。10.A. cared aboutB. listened forC. prepared forD. responded to解析B句意：他们在夜间走了42英里，Cheshire一边听着Crandall发出的危险警告，一边听着他戴的铃铛发出的声音，铃铛随着他们的前进作响。care a

37、bout关心，listen for倾听，prepare for为做准备，respond to回答。故选B。11.A. brokeB. fellC. shoneD. sounded解析D参见上题解析。sound发出声音。12.A. setB. monitoredC. fundedD. issued解析A由by riding her own bicycle from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean可知，Cheshire自己骑自行车从太平洋到大西洋，这是一项世界纪录，所以她是创下了这项纪录，set a record意为创造纪录，故选A。13.A. se

38、cretsB. promisesC. limitsD. choices解析C由上文Cheshire 12 another world record by riding her own bicycle from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean可知，Cheshire虽然失明，但是却能创造这样的纪录，所以Crandall觉得Cheshire的能力是没有极限的，故选C。14.A. bondB. encouragementC. techniquesD. preferences解析14.A由第一段中的Shawn Cheshire rode across th

39、e country on her bicycle， depending on Jesse Crandall， a chemistry professor， to guide her every step of the way可知，Shawn Cheshire由化学教授Jesse Crandall指导，骑着自行车横穿全国，所以他们两个的关系是很紧密的，此处表示他们的关系，故选A。bond关系，encouragement鼓励，technique技巧，preference偏爱。15.A. establishB. pushC. respectD. maintain解析15.B由overcome set

40、backs和boundaries可知，此处表示克服挫折，突破界限，push boundaries意为突破界限，故选B。三、语法填空中华文化/2024浙江强基联盟10月统测Ancient Chinese healing methods 1（spread） along the Silk Road for over two millennia， but the Belt and Road Initiative （BRI） has further boosted the internationalization of the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）.Cur

41、rently celebrating its 10th anniversary， the BRI，2 aims are to better connect the world and expand common prosperity， has brought the healing powers of TCM 3 more countries and regions， bridging different cultures and promoting international cooperation.In Budapest， the Traditional Chinese Medicine

42、Center of Hungary （Qihuang Center） provides4 ray of hope for patients seeking relief from various health issues. One such patient is Jozsef Frenyo， a 78-year-old 5（retire） teacher who suffers from hearing impairment due to an inflammation （发炎） of the middle ear five years ago. Since then， he had to

43、use a hearing aid until he visited the Qihuang Center months ago when a miracle 6（occur）.After7（give） more than 10 acupuncture treatments by TCM expert Zhang Haifang， from northwest Chinas Gansu Province， Jozsefs hearing improved 8（significant）. He no longer needs the hearing aid.The center has also

44、 helped Jozsefs son， Csaba Frenyo， who has been struggling with obesity-related health9（issue）. A combination of acupuncture and herbal medicine treatments helped him lose nine kilograms within a month，10（ease） his back and knee pains.这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国古代的治疗方法已经沿着丝绸之路传播了两千多年，但一带一路倡议进一步推动了中医药的国际化。1.have

45、spread/havebeenspreading考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，空处所填词作谓语。由时间状语for over two millennia可知，此处应用现在完成时或现在完成进行时来强调动作从古至今的延续；主语Ancient Chinese healing methods与spread为主谓关系，故填have spread/have been spreading。2.whose考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空处所填词引导非限制性定语从句，aims与先行词the BRI之间是所属关系，空处应用关系代词whose。3.to考查介词。bring.to.意为把带到，为固定用法。4.a

46、考查冠词。固定短语a ray of hope表示一线希望。5.retired考查形容词。空后的teacher为名词，此处用形容词retired退休的作定语修饰该名词。6.occurred考查时态和语态。分析句子可知，此处表示过去的一般情况，句子使用一般过去时，且主语miracle与occur为主谓关系，故填occurred。7.beinggiven考查非谓语动词。由空前的After可知，空处应填动名词，give和Jozsef为被动关系，故填being given。8.significantly考查副词。副词significantly作状语修饰动词improved。9.issues考查名词的数。issue（问题）为可数名词。结合语境可知，此处表示复数意义，故填issues。10.easing考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处应用非谓语动词作状语。此处表示自然而然的结果和主动关系，故用现在分词的一般主动式。