安徽高三一轮复习词1：代词讲解及课后习题（有答案）.docx

1、词1：代词讲解及课后练习（有答案）词：冠词 名词 代词 形容词 副词 介词 连词 数词 动词代词：人称代词 物主代词 反身代词 指示代词 不定代词 疑问代词 相互代词一、 人称代词1.含义：人称代词是指直接指代人或者事物的代词。在英语和汉语中都有三种人称物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也叫人称代词的所有格。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。物主代词有人称和数（单复数）的变化。第三人称单数的物主代词还有性别的变化。形容词性物主代词在句只用作定语;名词性物主代词则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。2. 人称代词（1）有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。

2、如： I am hungry, please give me something to eat.我饿了，请给我一些吃的东西。 （作主语） （作宾语） ( ) like ( ), and ( ) likes ( ) , too.我喜欢她，她也喜欢我。（2）还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： Who told him that news? 谁告诉他那个消息的？ Its me/I. 是我。（3）人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如：He is older than me. He is older than I am.人称代词 主格I 我you 你he他she她It它W

3、e我们You你们They他们宾格me 我you 你him他her她It它Us我们You你们them他们物主代词形容词性my 我的your你的his他的her她的its它的Our我们的your你们的Their他们的名词性mine我的yours你的his他的hers她的its它的Ours我们的yours你们的theirs他们的（4） 人称代词在并列使用时，单数的顺序是第二人称第三人称第一人称；复数的顺序是第一人称第二人称第三人称。二.物主代词：1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。 2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语：Our teach

4、er is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box.3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。Our school is here, and theirs is there.（作主语） - Is this English-book yours? （作表语） - No. Mine is in my bag.（做主语）Ive already finished my homework. Have you finished yours? （作宾语）4.辨析形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词：形代修饰名词，必须放在名词前面，相当于形容词，

5、在句中作定语。名代相当于名词（即指代名词，后面不能再加名词），在句中作主语、表语或宾语。形代在句只用作定语;名代则不能用作定语，但可以用作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语。 This is your ruler, it is not mine.这是你的尺子，不是我的。_这是他的书，你的在桌子上。_(他) doesnt have an eraser.(我的)is in the bag. Give (他)(你的). 他没有橡皮擦。我的（橡皮擦）在包里。把你的（橡皮擦）给他吧。*名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词 名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心名词的 -s属格结构Jacks cap(帽

6、子) 意为 The cap is Jacks. His cap 意为 The cap is his. 三、指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，

7、例如： I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciation is very important in learning English3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jac

8、k speaking。【随堂练习】1)-Miss Lin teaches _ English this term. Youre are lucky._ is a very good teacher. A. our; She B. us; He C. us; She D. ours; He2).Did you find _ very interesting to play yo-yo? A. this B. its C. that D. it3)John, someone in your class phoned you this morning. -Oh, who was _?A. he B.

9、 she C. it D. that4)Is this your sons sweater? -No. _ is on the chair behind the desk.A. He B. Him C. She D. His5) It used to be _ apartment, but now its a _ . A. hers; mine B. her; mine C. her; my D. hers; my6)The weather in Guangdong is hotter than _ in Qinghai. A. it B. that C. one7)My sister lea

10、rns English by _. A. myself B. herself C. himself D. yourself8)We have _ rain this spring. The trees and grass dont grow well. A. little B. a little C. a few D. few9)Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walkman? -_. I prefer the kind of MP4. A. Both B. None C. Neither D. Either10)Your digital watch

11、 is quite nice. Where did you buy _ ? I want to buy _ ,too. A. one ; one B. it; it C. it; one D. one; it11)On _ sides of the street are a lot of colour flowers. A. each B. both C. either D. all12)Come on, Sue! Heres _ about the English Speech Contest. A. something useful B. anything special C. nothi

12、ng exciting13)-_ is your coat, Mary? -This purple one. A. What B. Which C. Where D. Whose14)-_ is the old man over there? - My grandfather. A. Which B. What C. Who D. Whose、一、用括号中的适当形式填空 1. Are these _（you）pencils? Yes, they are _（our）. 2. Whose is this pencil? Its _（I）. 3. I love _（they）very much.

13、4. She is_ （I）classmate.5. Miss Li often looks after_（she）brother. 6. Are these _（they）bags ？ No, they arent _（their）. They are _ （we）. 二、选择 ( )1. If you drove more carefully, your uncle would be all right and you wouldnt have hurt_. A. himself B. yourself C. itself D. yourselves( )2. The schools in

14、 Shanghai are not different from_. A. those in Beijing B. that of Beijing C. Beijng D. Beijings students ( )3. All parents love their children, and my parents love_, too. A. ours B. theirs C. them D. his ( )4. “When shall we meet next time?” “_ day is OK.” A. Either B. Neither C. None D. Any ( )5. T

15、here are quite a few old books on the shelf , but_ of them is useful to him. A. both B. all C. none D. any ( )6. The Smiths have visited two famous cities. One is in Japan and_ is in China. A. another B. other C. others D. the other ( )7. The pen is _. She wrote _name with it_. A. hers; her; herself

16、 B. her; hers; her C. her; hers; herself D. her; herself; hers ( )8. That bridge is almost broken. _ is not safe to cross the bridge. A. It B. She C. This D. That( ) 9. These are_ cups. _ are over there. A. our; Yours B. yours; Mine C. his; Our D. their; Your ( )10. The old men has_ friends. So he o

17、ften feels lonely. A. few B. a few C. little D. a little ( )11. -Which do you prefer, a bottle of orange or a bottle of milk? -_,thanks. Id like just a cup of tea.A. Either B. Neither C. Both D. None ( )12. -Who has a dictionary, children? -I have_. A. it B. this C. one D. so ( )13. _are in the same

18、 class. A. Her and me B. She and l C. Me and her D. l and she ( )14. _of them has a new dictionary A. Every B. Each C. All D. Both ( )15. His parents_ English teachers. A. both are B. are both C. all are D. are all At the Barbers Shop(理发店) Jack went to a barbers shop and had his hair cut, but when h

19、e came out, he was not happy with the result(结果). When his friend Bob saw him, he laughed and said, What has happened to your hair,Jack? Jack said, I tried a new barbers shop today, because I wasnt quite satisfied with my old one, but this one seems even worse. Bob agreed(同意). Yes, I think youre rig

20、ht, Jack. Now Ill tell you what to do when you go into a barbers shop next time: look at all the barbers hair, find out whose hair looks worst, and then go straight to him. Why shall I go to him? Jack asked. But that would be foolish! Oh, no, it wouldnt, answered Bob. Who cut that mans hair? Just th

21、ink it. He couldnt cut it himself, could he? Another of the barbers cut it. So you know he cant be the worst barber. 1.When Jack went out of the barbers shop, he was not happy because _.A.nobody had cut his hair B. the barber hadnt cut his hair wellC. the barber had cut his hair carefully D. he was

22、not satisfied with his old barber 2.I tried a new barbers shop today. means _.A.this barbers shop was a new one B. this was the only barbers shop in this townC. Jack often went to this barbers shop D. Jack had not been to this barbers shop before3.After Jack had his hair cut, he thought _.A. the new

23、 barbers shop was the best oneB. the old barbers shop wasnt so good as the new oneC. the new barbers shop was worse than the old oneD. the old barbers shop was the worst one4.Bob told Jack to find out which barbers hair looked the worst and then go straight to him. Why?（ ）A.Because he was certainly

24、the best barber.B. Because he was free all the time. C. Because he was the worst barber.D. Because he wasnt the worst barber.5.From the story we know that _.A.its foolish to have ones hair cut at a barbers shopB. barbers cut each others hairC. barbers never have their hair cut D. a barber always cut

25、s his hair by himselfBDCDB三、 反身代词反身代词的用法： 1）反身代词不能作主语，但是它可以作主语同位语，放在主语后或句末。如：我亲自去了电影院。误：Myself went to the cinema.正：I went to the cinema myself. 2）反身代词可以作宾语的同位语。如：I wish I could hear Beethoven himself play this music.我希望我能听贝多芬他亲自弹这首曲子。You can go and ask him himself.你可以去问他本人。3）反身代词可以作介词的宾语。如：Nobody,

26、she learnt it all by herself.没人，她自学的。I mended the bike by myself.我独自修的自行车。She said to herself: “Whats wrong with my eyes?”她自言自语地说，“我的眼睛怎么啦？”Dont always think of yourself.别总是想着你自己。4）反身代词作动词的宾语。一般放在像这样的动词的后面：enjoy, help, hurt, teach, wash, look after, get dressed, buy等。如：Did you enjoy yourselves at th

27、e weekend? 你们周末玩得开心吗？He teaches himself English at home.他在家自学英语。“Help yourselves to some fish .children。”“ 孩子们，随便吃一些鱼 。” He can buy himself a lot of nice things.他可以给自己买好多好东西。5）反身代词可以作表语。如：Im not quite myself today.我今天情绪不好。He doesnt seem himself this morning.今天上午他似乎不舒服。四、 指示代词指示代词包括：this，that，these，t

28、hose。 1. this和these一般用来指在时间或空间上较近的事物或人，that和those则指时间和空间上较远的事物或人，例如： This is a pen and that is a pencil We are busy these days In those days the workers had a hard time2. 有时that和those指前面讲到过的事物，this 和these则是指下面将要讲 到的事物，例如： I had a cold. Thats why I didnt come. What I want to say is this ; pronunciati

29、on is very important in learning English3. 有时为了避免重复提到的名词，常可用that或those代替，例如： Television sets made in Beijing are just as good as those made in Shanghai 4. this 在电话用语中代表自己，that 则代表对方。例如： Hello! This is Mary. Is that Jack speaking五. 不定代词 不是指明代替任何特定名词的代词叫做不定代词，在句中可作主语、表语、宾语和定语。现将几个常用的不定代词举例说明如下：1. some

30、与any的区别1）some多用于肯定句，表示“一些，几个”作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词+单数动词；可数名词+复数动词。 Look! Some of the students are cleaning the library. . Some rice in the bag has been sold out. 2）any多用于疑问句、条件句和否定句中，表示“一些，任何”用作形容词时，后面可以接不可数名词+单数动词；可数名词+复数动词。 If you have any questions, please ask me. There isnt any orange in the bottle.

31、Have you got any tea? 3）any和some也可以作代词用，表示“一些”。any多用于疑问句或否定句中，some多用于肯定句中。 How many people can you see in the picture? I cant see any. If you have no money, Ill lend you some. 注意：与some, any结合的词如something, somebody, someone, anything, anyone, anybody在肯定句、否定句、疑问句、条件句中的用法，大致和some, any的用法相同。2. few, a fe

32、w, little, a little在用法上的区别 含义用法表示肯定表示否定用于可数名词a few虽少，但有几个few不多，几乎没有用于不可数名词a little，虽少，但有一点little不多，没有什么 Im going to buy a few apples. He can speak only a little Chinese. There is only a little milk in the glass. He has few friends. They had little money with them.3. other, the other, another, others

33、, the others的区别。1）.another泛指（指三者或三者以上中的）另一个,既可作代词又可作形容词.做代词时如：I have finished this book,please give me another.做形容词：I will be back in another ten days2）.other其他的,另外的,泛指另一个另一些.作定语时,常与可数名词复数连用,如But other creditors have refused the terms,但如果前面有the,some,any,each,every及形容词性物主代词时,可与可数名词单数连用,如every other d

34、ay3）.others泛指别的,其他人是other的复数形式.相当于other加可数名词复数 如：she has more concern for others than for herself.4）.the other可作代词也可作形容词,表（两者中的）另一个,常用于one.the other.的句型中,如she has two children,one is a boy,the other is a girl5）.the others是the other 的复数形式,特指某一范围内“全部或其余的人或物”,只作代词用,相当于the other 加可数名词复数,如Four of them ar

35、e in the classroom,what about the others.4. every与each的区别。1）each可作代词和形容词，而every只能用作形容词，each of these dictionaries或each one of these dictionariesevery of these dictionaries, 该用every one of these dictionaries。2）. each可指两个或两个以上中间的每一个，而every只可指三个或三个以上中间的每一个。each of my eyes every one of my eyeevery one o

36、f my toes(脚趾) 3）. each通常用来指若干固定数目中的每一个，而every往往指“任何一个”如：Each girl sitting over there is my student. “坐在那里的每一女孩子”指若干固定数目中的每一个，故用each。Every man must do his best. “人人都尽最大的努力”泛指任何一个人，因而用every。4）. every和not连用，即“everynot”或“notevery”构成部分否定，表示“并非每一个”的意思，each则无此结构。5）. every+ 基数词+复数名词=every+ 序数词+ 单数名词，作“每(多少)

37、”解，但each不能用于这一结构中。 如： every three days 每三天或每隔两天，相当于 every third day。6）. every two days, every second day都作“每隔一天”解，但在实际应用中人们都用every other day来表示这一意思，every two days也有人讲，而every second day则少用的。7）. 也可以说every few days, 相当于汉语的“隔些日子”。8）. each 可以与other构成固定的搭配，即each other意思为“彼此、相互、互相”的意思，而every则不能。5.all和both的

38、用法。all ,both,表示“都”,“全部”.(1) both指两个人或物,而all指三个以上的人或物,在句中都可作主语、宾语、表语、同位语或定语.Both of us want to go.我们两人都想去.All of us should work hard.我们都应努力工作.(2) both和all都直接修饰名词；名词前如有限定词时,其前只能用both of或all of.Both brothers are clever.兄弟俩都聪明.Both of the books are useful.两本书都有用.(3) both和all在句中的位置是位于be动词之后,行为动词之前,如有情态动词

39、或助动词,则位于情态动词或助动词与主动词之间.We are all here.我们都来了.特别提醒(1) both的反义词是neither,all的反义词是none.Both of us are not doctors.我们俩并非都是医生.(部分否定)Neither of us is a doctor.我们俩都不是医生.(全部否定)All of the books are not helpful.并非所有这些书都对人有帮助.(部分否定)一、 疑问代词疑问代词有who，whom，whose，what和which等。疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，一般都放在句首，并在句子中作为某一句子成分。例如：Who

40、 is going to come here tomorrow? （作主语）What is that? (作表语)Whose umbrella is this? (作定语)Whom are you waiting for? (作宾语) 常见疑问词及其功能1.what 提问 姓名 My name is Li Lei. What is your name?班级 年级 I am in Class 5. What class are you in? 事物 That is a desk. What is that?时间 It is three oclock. What time is it?/Whats

41、 the time? 颜色 It is white. What color is it? 星期几 It is Sunday today. What day is it today?日期It is November 26th today. Whats the date today?天气It is fine today. Whats the weather like today?=How is the weather today?人口数量The population of China is 1.5 billion. Whats the population of China?2 who 提问某人

42、That is Li Lei. Who is that?3 whom 提问某人（宾语）He is talking with her teacher. Whom(Who) is he talking with?4 which 提问具体的某一个The boy in the tree is Jim. (in the tree做定语用which提问) Which boy is Jim?The boy is in the tree. （in the tree做表语用where提问） Where is the boy?The monkeys are playing in the tree.(in the

43、tree 做地点状语用where提问)Where are the monkeys playing？5 whose 提问形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 名词所有格That is his pen. Whose pen is that?This is Li Leis bag. Whose bag is this?This bag is Li Leis. Whose is this bag?6 when 提问时间 He leaves at ten oclock. When does he leave?7 where提问地点 I live in Jixi. Where do you live?8 ho

44、w 提问身体状况I am fine. How are you?提问数量 How many/how much How many+可数名词 how much+不可数名词There is a car on the street. How many cars are there on the street?There is some water in the glass. How much water is there in the glass?How old 提问年龄He is twelve. How old is he?How long 提问多长(提问since短语和for短语) I have l

45、ived here for 5 years. How long have you lived here?How soon 多久 提问一般将来时的 in 短语He will arrive in Jixi in five days. How soon will he arrive in Jixi?How often 多久一次 提问 频率I watch TV three times a week. How often do you watch TV?How far 多远 提问距离My school is two kilometers away. How far is your school?9 wh

46、y提问原因 提问 because引导的原因状语从句 I am late because I get up late. Why are you late?二、关系代词含义：是一种引导从句并起连接主句和从句作用的代词。关系代词有 who, whose, whom, that, which. 它们在句中可用作主语,表语,宾语,定语. 在主句中,它们还代表着从句所修饰的那个名词或代词。例如：I hate people who talk much but do little.Im looking at the photograph which you sent me with your letter.W

47、ith the money that he had saved, he went on with his studies.Do you know the lady who is interviewing our headmaster?【随堂练习】1、Whats this? _a book. AItBThat CItsDThats2、Are _ Kates _?Athis, book Bthese，booksCthose，book3、The clothes in this store _ cheaper than _ in big shopping malls. Ais; itBis; that

48、Care; thoseDare; ones4、Students who read a lot can do much better in learning English than_who dont . AthisBthatCtheseDthose5、We all find _ important to do what the teachers tell us. AthatBthisCitDthem6、I thought _ difficult _ the final decision. Ait, to makeBits, to make Cthat, makeDits, making7、Th

49、e number of students in No.1 Middle School _ than _ in our school. Aare larger; those Bis larger; that Care more; thoseDis more; that8、Whats your phone number?_ 908-7653. AItBIs itCItsDIts9、-_ not very difficult for us young people _ English.-So lets study hard. AIts, to learnBThats, to learn CThis

50、is, learningDIts, learning 10、The weather here is different from _ in Beijing, but the people here are as friendly as _ in Beijing. Athose, thatBthe one, those Cthe one, thatDthat, those11、-Your help made _ for me to work out this problem. Ait easilyBit easy Cthat easilyDthat easy12、_ a GPS will mak

51、e _ easier for you to visit a strange place. ATake; itBTo take; that CTaking; itDTake; that13、Alice found difficult for her to go through the small door. AitsBthatCthisDit14、_is very interesting to swim in the river in summer,but its dangerous. AThisBThatCItDHe15、He is _ honest boy and you can belie

52、ve _ he says. Aa, thatBan, whatCa, whatDan, that16. Its said that the rulers in ancient Europe_liked to wear purple. Thats interesting. And do you know_about colors?A. twice; something else B. twice; anything elseC. once; something else D. once; anything else 17. Hi, Mark. Im new here. Can you tell

53、me _ about our school? Of course, Linda. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing18.Ma Li didnt watch TV last night because there wasnt on it. A. something interesting B. interesting something C. anything interesting D. interesting anything19.Is _ ready for the picnic? No, _ is wrong with m

54、y bike. I cant go bike riding with you. A. something; something B. anything; something C. everything; something D. anything; everything20.This work needs close teamwork._will be achieved unless we work well together.A. Nothing B. Anything C. Something D. Everything21.Mr. Smith will give us a talk on

55、 computers next week.A.at times B.sometime C.sometimes D.some times22.They cant find in our neighborhood.A.something strange B.strange somethingC.anything strange D.strange anything23.Theres_with your sons ears. So dont worry about him.A.nothing serious B.something serious C.serious nothing D.anythi

56、ng serious24.All the students had gone out.There was in the classroom. A.somebodyB.anybody C.nobodyD.everybody25.There is in todays newspaper.A something important B important something C anything important D important anything26.What are you going to give your mother for her birthday? Im not sure.

57、But Ill buy her _.A. something specialB. anything special C. special something D.special anything27.Where would you like to visit? Id like to go _. A. relaxing somewhere B. somewhere relaxing C. relaxing anywhere 28._of us would agree with you. ASomeone BNo one CNone DNobody29.I asked him for some o

58、il, but he hadnt . Asome Bany Canything Dno30.Ben usually goes to Greece for vacation, but this time he wants to do _.A. different something B. anything differentC. something different D. different anything 答案1、6、1116-20DACCA 21-25BCACA 26-30 ABCBCVI. 用something, somebody; anything, anybody; nothing

59、, nobody; everything, everybody填空。1. There is _ wrong with his computer. 2. I hope _ goes well. 3. Do you know _ about the US? No, I know _ about it. 4. Since _ is here, lets begin our meeting. 5. I cant say _ about him. I am afraid of him. 6. _ is in the room. So you cant hear any voice. 7. _ excep

60、t Li Ping went to the park. He was ill. 8. I have _ important to say. Please wait a minute. VII. 用one、ones、another、the other、others、the others、other填空。1. Mrs Smith has two children. One is a girl and _ is a boy. 2. I dont like this shirt, please show me _. 3. This desk is Marys and that _ is Kates.

61、4. I bought a lot of bananas. Only a few of them are green, _ are yellow. 5. Look at the desks. The blue _ are for the girls and the yellow _ for the boys. 6. This shirt doesnt fit me. Do you have any _ kinds? 7. The children are all working in the classroom. Some of them are cleaning the windows and _ are sweeping the floor. 8. We must help each _ with our English.