新教材2021-2022学年译林版英语必修第一册练习：UNIT 2—2 LET’S TALK TEENS GRAMMAR AND USAGE .doc

1、温馨提示： 此套题为Word版，请按住Ctrl,滑动鼠标滚轴，调节合适的观看比例，答案解析附后。关闭Word文档返回原板块。Unit 2 Lets talk teens Grammar and usage & Integrated skills1. design n. 设计; 设计艺术vt. 设计; 制订*(2020浙江高考)When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs were. 当我妈妈看到我的作品时, 她告诉我我的设计多么有创意。【词块积累】(1)design sb. /sth. to do 打算

2、让从事/设计某物来design sb. /sth. for打算让某人从事/为设计某物be designed for/to do计划做某事(2)by design故意地, 蓄意地(3)designer n. 设计者(1)The Beijing-Zhangjiakou high-speed railway is 174 km long, with a maximum design speed of 350 km/h. 京张高铁全长174千米, 最高设计时速350千米。(2)His father designed him for a lawyer. 他父亲打算要他当律师。(3)This projec

3、t is designed to help homeless people. 这个项目旨在帮助无家可归的人。(4)We dont know if it was done by accident or by design. 我们不知道这是意外还是故意为之。【词源趣谈】单词design的字面意思就是“标记出来” , 在图上把各种尺寸、关键信息标记出来, 这就是design (设计)。【知识延伸】表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结by accident=by chance=accidentally(偶然地)by design=on purpose=deliberately(故意地)2. likely ad

4、j. 可能的, 预料的, 有希望的*(2020全国卷) Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. 研究表明, 竞走和跑步有很多健身的好处, 而且最有可能减少受伤。【词块积累】(1)be likely to do可能做It is likely that. . . 有可能(2)unlikely adj. 不太可能发生的(1) It is likely that babies are not born

5、 knowing this basic fact of the universe. 婴儿出生时可能不知道这个宇宙的基本事实。(2)Professor Wang is likely to give us a lecture tomorrow. 王教授可能明天给我们讲课。【易混辨析】possible强调客观上的可能性, 但常带有“实际可能性很小”的暗示。如: Its possible, though not probable, that he will accept these terms. 他有可能接受这些条件, 但希望很小。probable很可能的, 大概的, 语气较possible强。如:

6、It is probable that the cost will be greater than we think. 花费很可能比我们料想的要多。likely暗示从表面迹象来判断“有可能的”。如: It is likely that he will come. 他有可能会来。3. eager adj. 热切的, 渴望的, 渴求的*(经典例句)For one thing, the overall development over the past decades has been so striking that they feel eager to familiarize themselve

7、s with what is going on in China. 首先, 过去几十年的整体发展如此引人注目, 以至于他们渴望熟悉中国正在发生的事情。【词块积累】(1)eager to do 渴望做; 急欲be eager for/about. . . 渴望be too eager to 太渴望(不表示否定)(2)eagerly adv. 急切地; 渴望地; 热心地eagerness n. 渴望; 热心(1)Compared with adults, children are more eager to explore the world around them. 和成年人比起来, 孩子们更渴

8、望探索周围的世界。(2)Children in the village are eager for knowledge. 村里的孩子渴求知识。(3) I was deeply touched by their eagerness to learn. 我被他们的求知欲深深打动了。【知识延伸】表示“渴望做某事”的短语有: be dying to do sth. ; long to do sth. ; be keen to do sth. ; be thirsty to do sth. 4. leave. . . alone 不管; 不理; 让一个人待着*(经典例句)Ill leave you al

9、one here so you can think it over. 我不打扰你了, 你在这里可以仔细考虑考虑这件事。【词块积累】leave behind 遗留; 把抛在后面leave for 动身去leave out 省去; 遗漏leave aside 把放在一边(1)Leave that machine alone. 别碰那台机器。(2)I dont want to leave anything behind. 我不想留下任何东西。(3)He asked me yesterday when I should leave for Paris. 昨天他问我什么时候动身去巴黎。(4)You ca

10、n leave out the details; just give us the main facts. 你可以省去细节, 告诉我们主要的事实就行。简单句、并列句、复合句【语法感知】(1)Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music. (2)Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so. (3)He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 观察并分析上面三个句子的句式, 它们分别为简单句, 并列句和复合句。【语法精讲】一、简单句1. 概述只有一个主语(或并列

11、主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语)的句子称为简单句。*I am a student. 我是一个学生。*He usually does morning exercises on the playground. 他常常在操场上做早操。*Tom and Mike are American boys. 汤姆和迈克是美国男孩。2. 简单句的基本句型(1)主谓结构(S + V)在此句式中, V是不及物动词(vi. )。*He runs quickly. 他跑得快。*They listened carefully. 他们认真地听。 (2)主系表结构(S + V + P )在此句式中, V是系动词(link

12、v. ), 常见的系动词有: look, seem, appear, sound, feel, taste, smell, grow, get, fall, stand, become, turn等。*He seemed interested in this book. 他似乎对这本书感兴趣。*The story sounds reasonable. 这个故事听起来很有道理。*The blackboard feels smooth. 黑板摸上去很光滑。(3)主谓宾结构(S + V + O )在此句式中, V是及物动词(vt. ), 后接宾语。*(2021浙江高考)We visit a loca

13、l farm every October. 我们每年十月都去当地的一个农场。*They found a solution easily. 他们很快找到了解决方案。(4)主谓双宾结构(S + V + IO + DO)在此句式中, V是带有双宾语的及物动词。常见带双宾语的动词有give, ask, offer, send, pay, lend, show, tell, buy, get, rob, warn等。间接宾语可以紧接动词之后, 也可以用to后置。*He bought me a present/a present to me. 他给我买了一件礼物。*Have you shown your

14、work to anyone? 你让别人看过你的作品吗? 间接宾语可以紧接动词之后, 也可以用for后置。*Mother bought me a book/a book for me. 妈妈给我买了一本书。*He got me a chair/a chair for me. 他给我弄了一把椅子。*He brought me a pen/a pen for me. 他带给我一支钢笔。(5)主谓宾补结构(S + V + O + C)在此句式中, 常作宾语补足语的词有: 形容词、副词、介词短语、名词、不定式、现在分词、过去分词。*They made the girl angry. 他们使这个女孩生气

15、了。*They found her happy that day. 他们发现那天她很高兴。*I found him out. 我发现他出去了。*I saw him in. 我看见他在家。二、并列句1. 概述由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子称为并列句(compound sentence)。并列句中的各个简单句彼此独立, 互不依从, 但它们表达的意思之间有一定的关系。并列句中的各个简单句通常用并列连词连接起来。并列连词之前可用逗号, 也可不用逗号(但however、therefore、otherwise等并列连词前后都常有逗号)。常见的并列句结构是: 简单句+并列连词+简单句。*I he

16、lp him and he helps me. 我帮助他, 他帮助我。*She likes bread and milk, but she doesnt like eggs at all. 她喜欢面包和牛奶, 但她一点也不喜欢鸡蛋。*This is our first lesson, so I dont know all your names. 这是我们的第一堂课, 因此我不知道大家的名字。*Turn the heat down or itll burn. 把炉火开小一些, 不然就烧焦了。2. 并列连词并列连词(或连接副词)根据不同含义, 分为如下几类: (1)表示连接, 常用的有and、no

17、t only. . . but also、neither. . . nor等。*Her uncle gave her a new bike as her birthday present and she liked it very much. 她叔叔给了她一辆新自行车作为生日礼物, 她非常喜欢。*Not only is he our teacher, but also he is our friend. 他不仅是我们的老师, 而且是我们的朋友。*Neither did the naughty boy go home nor did his parents come to search for

18、him. 这调皮的男孩既不回家, 他的父母也不寻找他。(2)表示转折, 常用的有but、yet、still、however、while等。*He is in poor health but he still keeps working. 他身体不好, 但仍继续工作。*The worker hunted for jobs in New York for months, yet he couldnt find any work. 这个工人在纽约找工作已有数月之久, 但是仍然没有找到任何工作。*Certainly he apologized, however, I wont forgive him.

19、 他的确道歉了, 然而我不会原谅他。(3)表示选择, 常用的有or、or else、otherwise、either. . . or等。*They must be taken away from the heat of the fire, or they might get burnt. 必须把它们从炉火边拿走, 不然就有可能烤糊。*Take this bus or else you wont get there in time. 乘这辆公共汽车吧, 否则你将无法及时到达那里。(4)表示原因, 常用for。*They had often heard of elephants, but they

20、 had never seen one, for being blind, how could they? 他们常常听说大象, 但从来没看到过, 因为他们是盲人, 怎么能看到呢? (5)表示结果, 常用的有so、therefore。*The rain began to fall, so we went home. 天开始下雨了, 所以我们就回家了。*He worked day and night, therefore, he was able to buy the sports car. 他夜以继日地工作, 所以有能力买那辆跑车。三、复合句1. 概述复合句(complex sentence)由

21、一个主句(main clause)和一个或一个以上的从句(subordinate clause)构成。主句是全句的主体, 通常可以独立存在; 从句则只用作句子的一个成分, 不能独立。*After the students were all in the chemistry lab, the teacher brought out three bottles. 在学生全都进入化学实验室后, 老师拿出三个瓶子来。*Corn is a very useful plant that can be prepared in many different ways. 玉米是一种非常有用的作物, 可用许多不同

22、的方法制作成食物。*We also believe that many more people will prefer to travel by air. 我们还认为会有更多的人更喜欢乘飞机旅行。*What he said is true. 他说的是真的。2. 从句的基本概念及其结构从句不能独立成为一个句子, 虽然它也有主语部分和谓语部分。从句通常由关联词引导, 并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句的结构通常是: 关联词+主语+谓语。*When I came home, my wife was cooking dinner. 当我回家时, 妻子在做晚饭。*Did you see the le

23、tter that I sent him? 你看到我寄给他的信了吗? *Whether the football game will be played depends on the weather. 足球比赛是否举行视天气而定。3. 连词(1)从属连词: that(无词义), before(在之前), whether(是否), after(在之后), if(假如、是否), since(既然、自从), because(因为), as/so long as(只要), when(当时候), so that(以便)(2)连接代词: who, which, whom, what, whose等。(3)

24、连接副词: when, why, where, how(4)关系代词: who, which, whom, that, whose(5)关系副词: when, why, where4. 从句的功用和种类从句在复合句中, 可作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等, 因此, 可分为六类: 即主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句、定语从句和状语从句。*The dam, which is the biggest in the world, is 3, 830 metres long. 这座水坝是世界上最大的一座, 长3 830米。(含有which引导的定语从句)*Over 500 people

25、were working in the building when the fire broke out on the 11th floor. 当11层楼起火的时候, 大楼内有500多人在工作。(含有when引导的时间状语从句)*The chief editor decides which will be the most important story on the front page. 由主编决定哪篇报导最重要, 应安排在头版。(含有which引导的宾语从句)*Whether she will come or not is still a question. 她是否会来仍是一个问题。(含

26、有whether引导的主语从句)*That is where he was born. 那就是他出生的地方。(含有where引导的表语从句)*We heard the news that our team had won. 我们听到了我们球队已经获胜的消息。(含有that 引导的同位语从句)根据句意填写适当的连词、连接词或关系词。(1)One more week, and we will accomplish the task. 再过一个星期, 我们就能完成这项任务。(2)I do every single bit of housework while my husband Bob just

27、does the dishes now and then. 我做所有的家务, 而我丈夫鲍勃只是偶尔洗碗。(3)Since when have you been working here? 你从什么时候开始在这里工作的? (4)Several weeks had gone by before I realized the painting was missing. 几个星期过去了, 我才意识到那幅画不见了。(5)Well never forget the date when the Peoples Republic of China was founded. 我们永远不会忘记中华人民共和国成立的

28、那一天。(6)This is the room where the famous scientist once lived. 这就是那位著名科学家曾经住过的房间。(7)Eat any cake you like and leave the others for whoever comes in late. 你喜欢什么蛋糕就吃什么, 谁后来谁吃剩下的。(8)After what seemed half an hour, the teacher gave us the correct answer. 似乎过了半小时, 老师才给了我们正确的答案。(9)The other day, my brothe

29、r drove his car down the street at what I thought was a dangerous speed. 前几天, 我弟弟在街上以我认为很危险的速度开车。(10)Following the girl, we went into a hall, on whose walls hung a few pictures of some famous scientists. 跟着那个女孩, 我们走进了一个大厅, 大厅的墙上挂着一些著名科学家的照片。. 写出下列句子的句型1. Most of the students like English. (S+V+O)2.

30、The door is wide open. (S+V+P)3. The little boy can speak now. (S+V)4. They decided to offer Jo the job. (S+V+IO+DO)5. I found English very easy to learn. (S+V+O+C)6. Have you ever heard about this story? (S+V+O). 写出下列句子的类型1. It is said that our school team has won the game. (含有主语从句的复合句)2. There are

31、 three books I reread annually. (含有定语从句的复合句)3. While I tend to buy a lot of books, these three were given to me as gifts. (含有状语从句的复合句)4. Growing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy. (并列句)5. We all want it to accept and love ourselves, but at times it seems too difficult.

32、 (并列句)6. Hurry up or else youll be late. (并列句)7. The good news that our class won the basketball competition has lifted everyones spirits. (含有同位语从句的复合句)8. This is where swans and geese settle down. (含有表语从句的复合句). 选词填空but, so, and, because, if, unless, why, how1. There are four fantastic galleries to

33、visit from fine art to interactive fun, so theres something for everyone! 2. He walked along the street for some time and then turned left. 3. He phoned home, but there was no reply. 4. I started to cry because I cut my finger. 5. Training is worthless unless there is proof that it works. 6. Can you

34、 tell me why you replied to our advertisement? 7. What worries me is how I am going to get another job. 8. I could do it now, if you like. 【语法主题应用】根据所学的三种句型, 结合中文提示补全短文。Dear Li Hua, How is everything going? I hope you are very well(你很好). Im fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and Im

35、 helping my dad on the farm(我正在农场帮助我父亲). It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark( 所以我每天从黎明工作到天黑). Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow

36、wheat(在比较冷的北方, 他们种小麦). Although the farm is large(尽管农场很大), my dad has only two men working for him. Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy(使我们非常高兴). Some of my friends drink beer. I dont, because I have to drive home after the party(因为聚会

37、后我得开车回家). Hope you can join us when you pay a visit to our country. Give my best regards to your parents. Yours, Tom【文本研读】Task 1 框架宏观建构: 整体理解Read the passage and fill in the blanks. Rebeccas problemHer mum keeps a notebook of her 1. grades in every exam.Simons problemHis parents are always 2. busy a

38、t work and he 3. hardly ever sees them during the week.Lauras problemShe spends most of her spare time 4. at home. She wishes she can 5. make her own choices about what to do in her spare time.Task 2文本微观剖析: 特色表达Write down some useful sentences for advice. (1)Why cant she leave me alone? (2)I wish th

39、ey could be more flexible so that I can make my own choices about what to do in my spare time. 【话题素材】1. 话题特点建议信是写信人对某事提出自己的建议和忠告, 可能是写给个人, 就其遇到的某个问题提出自己的看法和观点; 也可能是写给某个组织或机构, 就改进服务提出建议或忠告。2. 话题词汇(1)give you some advice on. . . 给你一些关于的建议(2)spare no effort to do sth. 不遗余力去做某事(3)as we all know众所周知(4)as

40、 far as I am concerned据我所知(5)be of great importance to对极其重要(6)communicate with sb. 与某人交流(7)had better do最好做(8)take/follow my advice 采纳我的建议(9)get along with 相处, 进展(10)feel stressed 感到有压力的3. 话题句式(1) 建议信开头常用句式I am sorry to know that you are worried about the coming exam. 了解到你对即将到来的考试很担心我很难过。Im glad tha

41、t you are getting along well with your study. 我很高兴你的学业进展顺利。You asked me in your letter how to get on with your deskmate. 你在信中问及如何与你的同桌相处。(2)表达建议常用句式You dont have to worry about it. 你不必为此事担心。First of all, try to invite some of your good friends to take part in after-class activities. 首先, 尽量邀请你的一些好朋友参

42、加课外活动。Whats more, help others when theyre in trouble. 更重要的是, 当别人有困难时帮助他们。In my opinion, you should find a chance to talk with her. 依我看来, 你应该找机会与她谈谈。(3)建议信结尾常用句式I hope these suggestions will help you. 我希望这些建议对你有所帮助。Im sure youll make it. 我确信你能行。I hope everything goes well with you. 我希望你万事如意。【模板构建】【实践

43、应用】高一新生或多或少都会经历一些烦心事。如高中学习难度的增加使得学生的压力增大; 新同学之间的不了解导致小误会时而发生; 部分同学由于肥胖而感到自卑; 不少同学因为琐事与父母发生冲突, 这些都让青少年对于高中生活感到沮丧和困惑。针对这一现象, 请你(Tom)给高一的同学写一封信, 就某一两个你感受最深的方面谈谈你的看法, 同时提出适当的建议来帮助高一的学生树立正确的态度。注意: 词数80个左右。【谋篇布局】【遣词造句】完成句子1. 在成长的过程中, 我们经历一些身体的变化是正常的。During the process of growing up, it is normal that we e

44、xperience some body changes. 2. 真正重要的是, 我们应该保持均衡的饮食。It really matters that we should keep a balanced diet. 3. 除此之外, 我们经常与我们的父母或朋友发生争论。其原因是我们越来越成熟, 逐渐倾向于相信自己。Besides, we often have arguments with our parents or friends. Because we are becoming more and more mature and gradually tend to believe in our

45、selves. 4. 为了解决这个问题, 我认为我们应该更多地和家人、朋友及老师交流。To solve this problem, I think we should talk to our family, friends and teachers more. 5. 沟通是一个你向别人表达感情的重要方式, 然后他们能更好地理解你并帮助你。Communication is an important way to express your feelings to others, and then they can understand you better and help you. 句式升级6.

46、 用it is+adj. +for sb. to do. . . 升级句1During the process of growing up, it is normal for us to experience some body changes. 7. 用what引导的名词性从句作主语升级句2What really matters is that we should keep a balanced diet. 8. 用the reason why. . . is that. . . 升级句3Besides, the reason why we often have arguments with

47、 our parents or friends is that we are becoming more and more mature and gradually tend to believe in ourselves. 【完美成篇】Dear Freshmen, As a freshman, we are going through a difficult period at this time, which made us confused and frustrated about our high school life. I understand your feelings. Try

48、 these pieces of advice and see if they help. Firstly, we should not be ashamed of our figure. During the process of growing up, it is normal for us to experience some body changes. What really matters is that we should keep a balanced diet. Besides, the reason why we often have arguments with our p

49、arents or friends is that we are becoming more and more mature and gradually tend to believe in ourselves. To solve this problem, I think we should talk to family, friends and teachers more. Communication is an important way to express your feelings to others, and then they can understand you better and help you. All in all, I believe you will have a bright future. Best wishes. Yours sincerely, Tom关闭Word文档返回原板块