2022届高考英语一轮复习 课时规范练（四十三）题型组合练—练速度（含解析）新人教版.doc

1、课时规范练(四十三)题型组合练练速度(阅读理解阅读七选五)限时：35分钟单独成册：对应学生用书第367页.阅读理解A(2021临汾适应性检测)Support tech education for street youth in LebanonAbout CodeBraveWe train former street youth in digital skills, coding and robotics, helping them to secure jobs that are not only wellpaid but futureproof too. We run our programm

2、e in a shelter for homeless children.We have now been successfully carrying out the programme since June 2018. In this time, our children have gone from barely knowing how to use a computer, to writing the code for basic websites totally from scratch. We want to carry on developing the programme in

3、2020 by continuing appropriate tech education of 20 children, and to engage a further 40 children.Former street youth are often forced into exploitative work.Young people living in shelter often end up back on the street as soon as they leave state care. They become trapped in a cycle of poverty, as

4、 they dont have marketable skills to secure wellpaid work. Often the only work opportunities available to them are hard manual labour. Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity?Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage o

5、f supply in the Middle East. It also gives them access to an international online job market. Where Your Money Will GoHelp us give former street youth in Lebanon an alternative to exploitative work through tech education.Support UsFlexible fundingthis project will receive all donations made by 3rd A

6、pril 2020 at 11：55 pm. 25 or moreFunds 1 students coding & robotics education for a month. 50 or moreFunds a new Arduino robotics starter kit for our students. 100 or moreFunds 1 student through an internship (实习期) (for bus and lunch money) 300 or moreFunds 1 students coding & robotics education for

7、 1 year.语篇解读本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了针对黎巴嫩无家可归的孩子们而进行的技术教育慈善项目的相关情况。1What can we learn about CodeBrave?AIts a shelter for the young.BIts a free project in digital skills.CIts a program for the homeless.DIts a profitable training organization.解析：细节理解题。根据About CodeBrave部分第一段第一句中的“We train former street youth in

8、digital skills, coding and robotics”以及最后一句“We run our programme in a shelter for homeless children.”可知，CodeBrave是免费为那些无家可归的孩子们在避难所开设的数字化技能培训项目。故选B。答案：B2What made CodeBrave choose tech education?AThe importance of marketable skills.BThe desire to get rid of poverty.CThe request from the state care.DT

9、he demand of the employment market.解析：细节理解题。根据Why is the tech sector a window of opportunity？部分第一句“Tech education provides young people with marketable skills in a sector where there is a growing demand and shortage of supply in Middle East.”可知，CodeBrave选择技术教育的原因是中东地区对此类劳动力有需求。故选D。答案：D3Where are mos

10、t of the donations spent?AEquipment.BTeacher Training.COperational Costs.DTeaching Costs.解析：细节理解题。根据Where Your Money Will Go部分中的“Teaching Costs 79.1%”可知，大部分捐款会花在教学上。故选D。答案：DB(2021济南模拟考试)Philadelphias Magic Gardens makes up a folk art center, gallery space, and a nonprofit organization showcasing the

11、 works of mosaicist (镶嵌设计师) Isaiah Zagar.Zagar devoted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood in the late 1960s, when he moved to the area with his wife Julia. The couple helped the area by purchasing and repairing some old buildings, often adding colorful mosaics on both their private

12、 and public walls. The first such project was Julias folk art store, the Eyes Gallery at 402 South Street.Zagar started working on the Magic Gardens in 1998 in the deserted parking lot near his studio. He spent the next fourteen years sculpting multilayered walls and decorating the 3，000 square foot

13、 space. The installation (现代雕塑装置), primarily consisting of found objects and contributions from the community, finally covers half a city block with countless patterns and colors. It shows Zagars many artistic influences, as well as the events and experiences of his life.In 2012, the owner of the pa

14、rking lot decided to sell the land in response to rising South Street property values. Unwilling to witness the destruction of Zagars neighborhood art environment, the community rushed to support the artist. His creation, newly titled Philadelphias Magic Gardens, turned into a nonprofit organization

15、 with the intention of preserving and promoting Zagars works at the site of the Magic Gardens and throughout the South Street region.The Magic Gardens is now a permanent art institution that is open to visitors throughout the year. Trained guides are available to lead tours of the Magic Gardens and

16、Zagars surrounding public wall paintings. In addition, it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself, and regularly hosts concerts, dance performances, and other public events.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国费城的魔法花园的初创、成形以及对它的保护等。4How did Zagar help the South Street neighborhood?AHe moved to the are

17、a with his family.BHe worked to improve its surroundings.CHe opened a folk art store with his wife.DHe managed to buy all the old buildings.解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Zagar devoted himself to beautifying the South Street neighborhood”可知，他致力于美化南街社区。答案：B5What does Paragraph 3 intend to tell us?AGreat achievemen

18、ts of Zagar.BSpecial skills of the installation.CLocation of the Magic Gardens.DEarly history of the Magic Gardens.解析：段落大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述了Zagar最初创办魔法花园的经历，即魔法花园早期的历史。故选D。答案：D6What do the local residents think of Zagars works?AThey harm environment.BThey can bring in profits.CThey should be removed.

19、DThey are precious treasures.解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Unwilling to witness the destruction.the community rushed to support the artist”以及“preserving and promoting Zagars works”可知，社区居民将Zagar的作品视作珍宝，他们都在尽力支持他以及他的艺术创作。故选D。答案：D7What can tourists do in Philadelphias Magic Gardens?APaint the walls on the spot.BPut

20、 on music performances.CEnjoy some Zagars works.DAttend some dance courses.解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“lead tours of the Magic Gardens and Zagars surrounding public wall paintings”以及“it offers monthly mosaic workshops led by Zagar himself”可知，经过培训的导游可带领游客参观魔法花园和Zagar周围的公共围墙绘画，游客也可参加Zagar本人每月主持的镶嵌图案讲习班。答案：CC(20

21、21郑州三测)Fires sweeping across the Amazon rainforest recently have been making the headlines as scientists and environmental groups are worried that they will worsen climate change crisis and endanger biodiversity (生态多样性)As the largest rainforest in the world, the Amazon rainforest is often called “th

22、e lungs of the world”. It is also home to about 3 million species of plants and animals, and 1 million local people. The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the worlds ecosystem because it absorbs heat instead of reflecting heat back into the atmosphere. It also stores carbon dioxide

23、and produces oxygen, ensuring that less carbon is released, reducing the effects of climate change.“Any destruction of forest is a danger to biodiversity and the people who use that biodiversity，” Thomas Lovejoy, an ecologist at George Mason University told National Geographic. “The great danger is

24、that a lot of carbon goes into the atmosphere，” he stressed. “In the midst of the global climate crisis, we cannot afford more damage to a major source of oxygen and biodiversity. The Amazon rainforest must be protected，” UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres said.Data from the National Institute fo

25、r Space Research show that a total of 71，497 forest fires were registered in Brazil in the first 8 months of 2019, up from 39，194 in the same period in 2018. “We estimate that the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased by 20 to 30 percent compared to the last 12 months，” Carlos Nobre, a

26、 researcher at the University of Sao Paulo, told German broadcaster Deutsche Welle.Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest, whose degradation (恶化) could have severe consequences for global climate. The extent of the area ruined by fires has yet to be determined, but the emergency has g

27、one beyond Brazils borders.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了雨林火灾造成严重的后果以及保护亚马孙热带雨林的紧急性。8What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe great role of the Amazon rainforest.BThe effects of consistent climate change.CThe causes of the decreasing biodiversity.DThe results of the Amazon rainforest fires.解析：段落大意题。根据第二

28、段第一句中的“the Amazon rainforest is often calledthe lungs of the world”以及第三句中的“The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the worlds ecosystem”可知，亚马孙热带雨林被称为“地球之肺”，广袤的雨林在世界生态系统中扮演着重要的角色。由此可知，第二段主要讲亚马孙雨林的重要作用。故选A项。答案：A9Why does the author mention the figures in the fourth paragraph?ATo explain

29、 the process of the research.BTo present the bad influence of forest fires.CTo prove the great importance of the rainforest.DTo show the urgency of protecting the rainforest.解析：写作意图题。根据第四段中的“a total of 71，497 forest fires were registered.in 2018”可知，巴西森林火灾的数量2018年前8个月是39 194，2019年前8个月是71 497。再根据第四段中的

30、“the forest areas in the Brazilian Amazon have decreased by 20 to 30 percent compared to the last 12 months”可知，巴西亚马孙河流域的森林面积比过去12个月减少了20%到30%。最后再根据第三段最后一句中的“The Amazon rainforest must be protected”和最后一段中的“the emergency has gone beyond Brazils borders”可推知，作者提到第四段中的数字是为了说明保护雨林的紧急性。答案：D10What does the

31、author want to tell us in the passage?AThe dry weather leads to the rainforest fires.BThe biodiversity makes the rainforest unique.CThe rainforest fires result in serious consequences.DThe global climate crisis brings more rainforest fires.解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段中的“Any destruction of forest is a danger to bi

32、odiversity and the people who use that biodiversity”可知，雨林火灾威胁生物多样性和人类生活；再根据最后一段中的“Brazil owns about 60 percent of the Amazon rainforest，whose degradation could have severe consequences for global climate.”可知，巴西拥有大约60%的亚马孙雨林，其恶化会对全球气候有严重后果。由此可推知，作者旨在告诉我们，雨林火灾会造成严重后果。答案：C11Which section of a newspaper

33、 might this passage probably be taken from?ACulture and life.BNature and geography.CHumankind and society.DScience and technology.解析：文章出处题。根据第一段中的“they will worsen climate change crisis and endanger biodiversity”和第二段中的“The vast area of rainforest plays an important role in the worlds ecosystem”并结合全文

34、内容可知，本文讲述的是亚马孙雨林火灾及其严重后果，所以本文最有可能摘自报纸的自然地理部分。答案：BD(2021石家庄高考模拟)A new device works like a solar panel, except it doesnt harvest energy from the sun. It captures energy from the cold night sky.A prototype (雏形) of the device produced enough electricity at night to power a small light bulb. A bigger ver

35、sion might one day light rooms or charge phones. It could also power electronics in remote or lowresource areas that lack electricity.The device makes use of the temperature difference between the Earth and outer space to create electricity. As long as one side of it is cooler than the other, the ge

36、nerator can produce electricity. The cooler side faces the sky and is attached to an aluminum plate. That plate is sealed beneath a transparent cover and surrounded with insulation (隔热材料) to keep out heat. The bottom of the generator is attached to an exposed aluminum plate. That plate is warmed by

37、the local air. At night, the top plate can get a couple of degrees Celsius cooler than the bottom of the generator.Researchers tested a 20centimeter prototype one clear December night in Stanford University, California. The generator produced up to 25 milliwatts of power per square meter of the devi

38、ce. That was enough power to light a small light emitting diode, or a LED bulb. Further improvements might increase its production to at least 500 milliwatts per square meter. The system might need more insulation around the cool top plate to do that.“The device could also help power remote weather

39、stations or other environmental devices，” says Aaswath Raman. He is a materials scientist who works on the device at the University of California, Los Angeles. “This may be useful in polar regions where people cant see sunlight for months, ”Raman says.“ If you have some lowpower devices and you need

40、 to power them through three months of darkness, this might be a way.”语篇解读本文为一篇科技说明文。主要介绍了一种新型发电装置，这种装置可以从寒冷的夜空中收集能量，利用地球和外层空间的温差来发电。12What does the author mainly talk about in Paragraph 3?AApplication fields of the device.BThe developing process of the device.CThe working principle of the device.DS

41、ignificant effects of the device.解析：段落大意题。根据文章第三段中的“The device makes use of the temperature difference between the Earth and outer space to create electricity.”可知，这种装置利用地球和外层空间的温差来发电，并结合第三段的其他部分可知，第三段主要叙述了这种装置发电的原理。答案：C13How can researchers make the device produce more electricity?ABy putting more i

42、nsulation around the top plate.BBy using it in extremely cold and clear nights.CBy attaching the bottom plate to a warm plate.DBy covering the top plate with a transparent lid.解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Further improvements might increase its production.The system might need more insulation around the cool to

43、p plate to do that.”可知，为了让这个装置产生更多的电量，该系统顶部的铝板四周可能需要更多的隔热材料。答案：A14Whats Ramans attitude to the new device?ADoubtful.BHopeful.CNegative. DAmbiguous.解析：观点态度题。根据文章最后一段中Raman所说的话可知，他认为这种新的装置可以应用到很多的领域。由此可知，他对这种装置充满希望，持肯定态度。doubtful“可疑的”；hopeful“抱有希望的，满怀希望的”；negative“消极的，负面的”；ambiguous“模棱两可的”。答案：B15What

44、could be a suitable title for the text?AA Device Using the Cold Night Sky to Produce ElectricityBA Device Bringing New Hope for Those in the Cold NightCThe Differences Between a Solar Panel and a New DeviceDThe Temperature Difference between the Earth and Outer Space解析：标题归纳题。文章介绍了一个新装置，这种装置可以从寒冷的夜空中

45、收集能量，利用地球和外层空间的温差来发电。B项“给寒夜里的那些人带来新希望的装置”太笼统，寒夜里的人很多，有很多人不需要这样发电；C项“太阳能电池板和新装置的区别”，偏离了本文的主题；D项“地球和外层空间的温差”，与本文内容不符。答案：A.阅读七选五(2021石家庄阶段性检测)Nofriend eating trendWhen you eat lunch in a restaurant, you might see many people eating by themselves, watching videos on their phones. 16 Do you worry theyre

46、lonely?You probably didnt even notice because you were looking at your own phone. The New York Post says that eating alone with electronic devices is a growing trend among young people around the world.According to a new survey conducted by OnePoll on behalf of the US. Highbush Blueberry Council, th

47、e average adult eats six meals alone each week and 387 meals each year. 17 Maybe not.“The way we define togetherness and what it means to be connected seem to be evolving as technology evolves. Keeping our relationships strong doesnt always require being together physically，” wrote the report.Nowada

48、ys, many young people spend more time studying and working in competitive environments. 18 Instead, its natural to communicate with others through texts, email and social media.Daniela Galarza, from the US., is one of these young people. She told the New York Post that she spent nearly 10 hours on h

49、er work every day. She said, “Engaging with my friends and families on social media platforms for about half an hour every day always helps me feel more connected with them. 19 ”“Today, togetherness is more of a feeling than a physical state, and people get creative to stay connected，” a spokesperso

50、n for the US. Highbush Blueberry Council told the New York Post. “ 20 ”AIm not lonely any more.BDo you feel pity for them?CBeing together all the time is great.DDoes it mean there are a lot of lonely people?EThey enjoy eating alone with electronic devices.FThey have less time to gather and eat with

51、their friends or families.GThe joy of being togetherhowever you manage itnever changes.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。随着现代科技和通信技术的发展，人们虽然独处的日子多了，但并不是真的孤独，新科技反而让人们对团聚有了更新的认识。16解析：根据空前的“you might see many people eating by themselves.phones”及空后的“Do you worry theyre lonely？”可知，空处应是有关“你”对所见之事的感受的，故B项“你同情他们吗？”符合语境。B项句子结构与空

52、后句子结构的一致性亦是提示。答案：B17解析：根据空后的答语“Maybe not.”可知，空处应为问句。下文中解释了人们并不孤独，故D项“这是否意味着有许多孤独的人呢？”符合语境。选项中的“lonely”与空前句中的“alone”相呼应。答案：D18解析：空前讲到现在许多年轻人在学习和工作上花费了更多的时间，空后说通过短信、邮件和社交媒体联系很正常，F项“他们很少有时间与朋友或家人聚在一起吃饭”是“communicate with others through texts, email and social media”的原因，且选项中的“less time”与前文的“more time”前后呼应，故F项符合语境。答案：F19解析：根据空前Daniela Galarza所述她和家人及朋友的联系更加密切了可知，空处应与其感受有关。A项“我不再孤单”符合语境。答案：A20解析：空前句讲到，如今，团聚更是一种感觉，而不是一种物理状态，并且人们通过创新的方式与他人保持联系。由此可知，空处所在句应是对这一内容的延伸，故选G项(无论你用什么样的方式团聚，在一起的快乐从未改变)。答案：G