2021届高三英语人教版一轮复习学案：第一部分 选修八 UNIT 3　INVENTORS AND INVENTIONS WORD版含解析.doc

1、Unit 3Inventors and inventions基础盘点自测自评阅读单词快速排查本单元阅读词汇并在不认识的词汇前划patent ncourtyard nperfume ncube nmerry adj.string nvalid adj.jam ngreengrocer nmicrophone ndynamic adj.personnel nmultiple adj.& nextension ndirectory nrainfall nforehead ncompetence n.核心单词1.seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺2.bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担3.passive a

2、dj.被动的；消极的；被动语态的4.stable adj.稳固的；稳定的；安定的5.tap vt.& vi.轻打；轻拍；轻敲n轻轻地敲击(声)；(水)龙头6.current n. (水或气)流；电流adj.现在的；当前的7.dial vt.拨(电话)8.claim n& vt.要求；声称；主张9.file n文件；档案；文件夹vt.提交；将归档10.ripe adj.成熟的；熟的拓展单词1.distinguish vi.& vt.显示的差别；使有所不同；辨别distinguished adj.著名的；卓越的2.merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的merciless adj.残忍的；

3、无情的mercy n宽恕；仁慈3.abrupt adj.突然的；意外的abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地4.convenient adj.便利的；方便的；就近的convenience n方便；便利conveniently adv.便利地；方便地5.caution n小心；谨慎cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的cautiously adv.小心地；谨慎地6.expectation n预料；期待；期望expect vt.预料；期待；渴望；认为7.recognition n认出；认可；承认recognize vt.认出；识别；承认8.freezing adj.冰冻的；严寒的freeze

4、v冰冻frozen adj.冻结的(拓展速记1)9.innocent adj.清白的；无罪的；天真的innocence n天真；清白10.occasionally adv.偶然地；不时地occasional adj.偶然的；临时的；特殊场合的occasion n时机；机会；场合11.practical adj.实际的；实践的；实用的practice n实践；练习impractical adj.不切实际的；不现实的(拓展速记2)12._competence n能力；胜任；本领competent adj.能胜任的；有能力的；称职的语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1.She distinguished

5、 herself by her kindness and bravery as well as a distinguished novelist. (distinguish)2.We didnt expect that he would come when it was already 11 oclock at night. But the unexpected visitor didnt seem to see our coldness towards him. (expectation)3.I bought this apartment for its convenience, for i

6、t is very convenient for the bus stations and it has a lot of conveniences. (convenient)4.He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously. (caution)5.Unhappily, the man said，“The abrupt change of schedule gave me lots of trouble and we had to end o

7、ur journey abruptly” (abrupt)6.If you want to know whether the method is practical or not, you should put it into practice, that is to say, you should practice it before you make a conclusion. (practice)7.He took measures to make up his fault, which received our recognition (recognize).8.When the ic

8、e is heated above freezing (freeze) point, it begins to change into a liquid state.9.If nobody can prove your innocence, how can you say you are innocent? (innocent)10.The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners. (merciful)走进高考1.bear熟义：vt.忍受；忍耐；负担生义：vt.显示；带有 He was badly wounded

9、in the war and still bears the scars.2.occasion 熟义：n.时机；机会；场合生义：n.理由；原因 Ive had no occasion to visit him recently.1.call up给打电话2.now and then偶尔；有时3.set about开始；着手(拓展速记3)4.dive into迅速把手伸入；一心投入5.set out (to do)开始(做)6.hang on不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住7.out of order次序颠倒；发生故障8.get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过9.ring b

10、ack回复电话10.ring off挂断电话语境活用用左栏短语的适当形式填空1.He finished what he had to say and rang off2.I checked the files and some of the papers were out of order3.I phoned my first teacher time and again when I heard that he was ill, yet couldnt get through.4.The picture of the park called up memories of our classs

11、 trip last year, when Mr. Smith began to take charge of our class.5.I am afraid the line is busy; would you like to try to hang on a bit longer？6.She dived into her bag and brought out an old photograph.7.I told him you werent in, so he said hed ring back later.8.Having made up his mind, he set abou

12、t carrying out the plan.9.He set out to solve the problem as soon as he arrived there.10.We havent seen each other for years, but we chat online now and then1.“only状语”置于句首的倒装句原句Only after you have had that recognition can you say that you are truly an inventor.只有你获得那种认证之后，你才能说你确实是一个发明者。仿写只有当他离开家时他才意

13、识到他的家是多么好。Only when he was away from home did he realize how nice his home was.2.so.that.引导的结果状语从句原句The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法确实是新颖的，否则很难被接受。仿写这次会议是如此重要，以致于我们每个人都得出席。This meeting is so important that ever

14、y one of us should attend it.3.祈使句and陈述句原句Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。仿写相信我，我会帮你摆脱困境。Trust/Believe in me, and I will help you out of trouble.4.It was not until .that

15、. “直到才”原句The patent was given in 1876, but it was not until five days later that Bell sent his first telephone message to his assistant Watson.这项专利是1876年授予的，但直到五天之后贝尔才向他的助手华生发送了第一个电话信息。仿写直到遇见你以后，我才真正体会到幸福。It was not until I met you that I knew real happiness.1.“freeze”小结above/over freezing 零度以上freez

16、ing weather极冷的天气be frozen to death被冻死give sb.a freezing look冷冷地看了某人一眼freezing machine制冷机frozen meat冻肉2.否定前缀“im”imbalance n失衡；不平衡immaterial adj.非物质的immemorial adj.无法追忆的immoral adj.不道德的immortal adj.不朽的；长生的immovable adj.不可移动的impassable adj.不能通行的impassive adj.无表情的imperfect adj.不完美的impersonal adj.非个人的imp

17、olite adj.不礼貌的impossible adj.不可能的impure adj.不纯洁的impractical 不切实际的；不现实的3.“about”短语一览argue about.为争论/辩论arrange about安排ask about.询问的情况bring about带来；造成care about在乎；介意chat about闲聊come about发生complain about抱怨；投诉concern about关心；挂念go about着手hear about听说know about了解quarrel about争论set about开始；着手speak about谈起t

18、hink about考虑worry about着急；担心考点串讲重点突破1distinguish vt.& vi.区分；辨别；分清；显示的差别；使有别于|对接高考|单句语法填空 (2017年江苏卷阅读理解)They can even distinguish their mothers voice from that of a female stranger.He distinguished himself as a pianist.Honestly speaking，I admire your distinguished (distinguish) achievements.|考点归纳|(1)

19、distinguish between A and B 区分A和Bdistinguish.from.把与区分开来distinguish oneself as .使自己出名；以著称(2)distinguished adj.卓越的；著名的；杰出的be distinguished for.因而出名be distinguished as.作为而出名|能力提升|句型转换He was distinguished for his knowledge of management and was elected as head of the organization.Distinguished for his

20、knowledge of management，he was elected as head of the organization. (分词短语作状语)2bear vt.忍受；忍耐；负担；运送；生(孩子)；结(果实)|对接高考|单句语法填空 You must bear in mind that your parents wish you to become a doctor.Tom couldnt bear people smoking (smoke)Bearing (bear) a heavy burden, she has to work hard to raise her childr

21、en.|考点归纳|(1)cant bear doing/to do sth.不能忍受做某事cant bear sb./sb.s doing不能忍受某人做某事(2)bear a heavy burden肩负重担bear responsibility/the blame承担责任/受责备(3)bear/keep sth. in mind记住某事bear/keep in mind that.记住|能力提升|句型转换Please remember: Success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.Please bear in mi

22、nd: Success comes from hard work while laziness leads to failure.3associate vt.使联合；联想；联系；交往n同伴；伙伴；关联的事物|对接高考|单句语法填空/单句改错(浙江卷阅读理解)We associate piggy banks with children, but in many countries, the little containers are also popular with adults.Many serious health problems are associated with smoking.

23、China is in association (associate) with many countries in business.I wont have you associating these bad people.associating后加with|考点归纳|(1)associate.with.把和联系起来be associated with.和有关associate with.和交往或打交道(2)association nC协会；社团；U联合；结合；交往in association with.和联合4call up 召唤；使回忆起；提出；给打电话；征召入伍|对接高考|单句语法填空

24、 The game was called off because of the bad weather.The government calls on the citizens to lead a green life.Instead, they call up the past as they need it.|考点归纳|call at拜访(某个地点)call for(公开)要求；呼吁；需要；去接(某人)call in请；请来call off取消；停止call on/upon拜访(某人)；号召；需求5get through 通过；设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；用完；完成；到达；(使某人)熬过困

25、难时期|对接高考|写出下列黑体短语的含义I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end.完成The little boy got through all his money in just one week and had to ask his mom for some more.用完I couldnt get through to him because his telephone was out of order now and then.打通电话Im afraid your daughter f

26、ailed to get through her midterm exams.通过|考点归纳|get across 被理解；使人了解get away with被放过；逃脱惩罚get down to doing sth.着手认真做某事get in 收获get on 进展；进步get over 克服|能力提升|完成句子 We are certain that she will get over (克服) her illness.Its time that I should get down to thinking about (着手认真思考) my future.6祈使句and/or/otherw

27、ise陈述句(教材佳句)Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟踪下去，不断探索，不知不觉中你就会发现某种值得思考的东西盘踞着你的头脑。|对接高考|单句语法填空 Hurry up, or you will miss the first bus.Work hard, and your efforts will pay off in time.It is really very dang

28、erous.One more step, and the baby will fall into the well.|考点归纳|(1)祈使句and陈述句If.，主句(2)祈使句or/or else/otherwise陈述句If.not.，主句(3)名词词组and陈述句|能力提升|句型转换Form good habits of learning and you will improve your learning efficiency.If you form good habits of learning, you will improve your learning efficiency. (

29、条件状语从句)Forming good habits of learning, you will improve your learning efficiency. (分词短语作状语)Part 1Part 2Mr. Black was a cautious American greengrocer who invented a new style of bike. At once he called up the patent office to apply for a patent for his new product. Soon he got the patent for his new

30、 product. But later he found his new product didnt live up to the criteria in the process of practical use. He set about seizing the chance to improve his new bike.I have set about applying to be a volunteer since I learned the information. I like to associate with others, so it is convenient for me

31、 to do the job well. In addition, I can bear the hard training. I will dive into the service and try my best to live up to the criteria.随堂检测基础过关.单句语法填空1As far as we all know, Lang Ping has already distinguished herself (she) as a great volleyball coach in the world.2He couldnt bear being laughed/to

32、be laughed (laugh) at in public.3There are many serious health problems in association with smoking.4The activity was aimed to call on students to take (take)exercise for an hour every day.5I think the problem can be got over without too much difficulty.6. Follow (follow) your doctors advice, and yo

33、u will get better soon.7Some people do it for the convenience (convenient) of not carrying cash.8The service offers young people practical (practice) advice on finding a job.9I believe that you are innocent (innocence), and Ill stand up for you anywhere.10. Turning (turn) around, he found his wallet

34、 on the ground.单句改错1I always associate the smell of baking to my childhood._答案：towith 2Seizing the chance, or you wont have one any more._答案：SeizingSeize3Distinguishing for its diligence and courage，the Chinese Nation has attracted the attention from the world._答案：DistinguishingDistinguished4Someone

35、 called me on at midnight, only to find he dialed the wrong number._答案：onup5When you come to school, please visit my office for your convenience._答案：forat话题拓展素养升华.课文里的高考根据课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。When the writer called 1.up her mother in the countryside on the phone, she learned that snakes cam

36、e near their house and that the snakes 2.seemed (seem) to have made their home there. The writer felt proud and considered 3.it a chance for her to distinguish herself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.She set about 4.researching (research)the habits of snakes

37、. She decided to cool them so that they could be easily caught. 5.However, her first two plans were not successful. As 6.a result, she had to attempt a third time, 7.which helped her fulfill her aim 8.successfully (success). 9.Pressed (press) by her friends and relations, she decided to send her 10.

38、invention (invent) to the patent office to get recognition for her successful idea.话题中的写作根据提示，利用本单元所学知识，完成下面的小作文。1我正在做实验，这时汤姆打电话说由于交通阻塞，他不能及时赶到。(call up)2挂断电话后，我开始做实验。突然，实验出了问题。我感到很消极。(set about, abruptly, out of order, passive)3史密斯教授走进来，拍了一下我的额头，提醒我要忍受失败，并建议我把实验和在课堂上所学的知识联系起来。(tap, forehead, bear,

39、associate.with)4正是教授的话鼓舞我专心实验。并且教授的建议很实用。(强调句型，dive into, practical)5我继续小心谨慎地做实验。最终我成功地完成了实验。我感到很高兴。(caution, get through, merry)6我非常感谢史密斯教授。我会继续努力，不辜负教授的期望。(grateful, live up to ones expectation)_One possible version：I was doing an experiment when Tom called me up telling me he wouldnt come on time

40、 because of the traffic jam. After ringing off, I set about working. Abruptly, the experiment was out of order. I felt passive. Just at that time, Professor Smith came in. He tapped me on the forehead, reminding me to bear failure.Meanwhile, he suggested that I should associate the experiment with w

41、hat I had learned in class.It was his words that encouraged me to dive into the experiment. Besides, his suggestion was practical.I did it with caution. Finally, I got through with it successfully.I was merry. I was grateful to Professor Smith. Im determined to study hard to live up to his expectation.