山东省寿光市圣都中学2020_2021学年高二英语上学期期末备考卷B202101140273.doc
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1、山东省寿光市圣都中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期末备考卷(B)注意事项:1.答题前,先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上,并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后,用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑,写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考试结束后,请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分 阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四
2、个选项中选出最佳选项。AOnline Event: What Happened at the Big Bang(爆炸)?Over the past few decades, weve made unbelievable discoveries about how our universe developed over the past 13.8 billion years. But we still know very little about what happened in the first seconds after the big bang.In the latest New Sci
3、entist online event, the speaker Dan Hooper will examine how physicists are using experiments to re-create the conditions of the big bang, and to deal with mysteries like how our universe came to contain so much matter and so little antimatter.Early bird ticket offer 12, and your ticket includes: Li
4、ve lecture lasting 40 minutes Question & Answer with Dan Hooper On-demand access to a recording of the lecture and Q & A, available(可得到的) to watch for 12 months An additional 40-minute physics lecture About the speaker:Dan Hooper is a senior scientist and the head of the theoretical astrophysics gro
5、up at the Fermi National Accelerator Lab, as well as a professor of the University of Chicago. He is especially interested in questions about dark matter and the early universe.Event information:This online event will start at 6 pm on Thursday, July 9 and will last for about one hour. Access to a re
6、cording of the event will be available from July 10 to ticket buyers for the 12 months following the live event.Booking information:Tickets are only refundable(可退还的) if New Scientist stops this event. New Scientist Ltd has the right to change the event and its arrangement, or stop the event. Tickets
7、 are only available in advance through New Scientist website.1. What benefit can the ticket buyers enjoy?A. Interviewing the speaker face to face.B. Taking someone else to attend the lecture.C. Getting a video tape of a 40-minute physics lecture.D. Watching a recording of the event within one year.2
8、. What can we know about Dan Hooper?A. He works at a university.B. He is a world-famous writer.C. He is the head of New Scientist Ltd.D. His study focuses on questions about online events.3. What do you have to do if you want to attend the event?A. Get in touch with Hooper.B. Buy a ticket ahead of t
9、ime.C. Arrive before 6 pm on the day.D. Get permission from the organizer.【答案】1-3 DAB【解析】本文是应用文。文章是关于新科学家杂志将举办的一次在线活动的安排的介绍。1.细节理解题。根据Event information部分介绍中“Access to a recording of the event will be available from July 10 to ticket buyers for the 12 months following the live event.”可知从7月10日开始,现场活动之
10、后的12个月即一年内,购票者都可以上网观看该活动的录播。因此选D项。2.细节理解题。根据About the speaker部分介绍中“Dan Hooper is a senior scientist and the head of the theoretical astrophysics group at the Fermi National Accelerator Lab, as well as a professor of the University of Chicago.”(Dan Hooper是一位资深科学家,是Fermi国家加速器实验室理论天体物理学小组的负责人,也是芝加哥大学的教
11、授。)可知,Dan Hooper应该在芝加哥大学工作。故选A项。3.细节理解题。根据Booking information部分介绍中“Tickets are only available in advance through New Scientist website.”可知,如果你想参加这个活动,必须通过新科学家网站提前购买门票。故选B项。BAt present, I was diagnosed(诊断) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the c
12、lass was focusing on tasks, I could not.In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.”She glanced down
13、 at me through her glasses, “You are not different from your classmates, young man.”I tried, but I didnt finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a t
14、ime when the blind couldnt get much education. But Louis didnt give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots(点), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.Wasnt I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and m
15、y pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was not different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up?I didnt expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surpri
16、se when it came back to me the next day-with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying?”Inspired and touched, I began to keep trying hard in my study and struggled against attention disorder. I believe one can find his way out of predicament
17、 with determination and efforts.4. The author didnt finish the reading in class because .A. he was new to the classB. he was tired of literatureC. he had an attention disorderD. he wanted to take the task home5. What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?A. He had good sight.B. He made a g
18、reat invention.C. He gave up reading.D. He learned a lot from school.6. What was Mrs. Smiths attitude to the author at the end of the story?A. Angry.B. Impatient.C. Sympathetic.D. Encouraging.7. The underlined word “predicament” in the last paragraph probably means .A. SorrowB. destinationC. difficu
19、ltyD. fortune【答案】4-7 CBDC【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者患有注意力障碍,不能集中精力于所做的事情,他不愿努力而且想放弃。但在Louis Braille故事的激励下,作者克服了困难,很好地完成了课业并得到老师高度认可。4.细节理解题。根据第一段内容(目前,我被诊断出患有注意力障碍症。这让我上学很困难。当班上其他人都在集中精力做作业时,我却做不到。)可知,作者患有一种注意力障碍的病症,当班上的每个人都专注于作业时,他做不到,所以作者没有在课堂上完成阅读作业。故选C项。5.细节理解题。根据第五段可知,故事是关于一个叫Louis Braille的盲人的。他生活在一个盲人
20、无法进行充分教育的时代。但Louis并没有放弃。相反,他发明了一种凸起的圆点阅读系统,为盲人通往知识打开了一个全新的世界。)”可知,Louis Braille创造了一项伟大的发明。故选B项。6.推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day-with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: “See what you can do when you keep trying?”可知,史密斯女士对作者是持鼓励态度
21、的。故选D项。7.词句猜测题。此处是指有了决心和努力一个人一定能找到走出困境的路。由此可知,划线词predicament意为“困境,窘况,困难”。故选C项。CCorporate culture is the values and beliefs a company develops over time.The role of corporate culture is to improve a companys mission and strategies, with long-term hopes of improvements in a companys profit. Mostly cor
22、porate culture comes from a companys top management.One role of corporate culture is to influence employee behavior, honesty, and compliance(服从). A company does not have to necessarily create a direct influence for these actions. A direct influence may be a set of written regulations or other polici
23、es, and while these may be in place, the corporate culture is usually more of an indirect influence.While many companies try to create corporate culture through the use of written policies, its role is harder to define. The human factor has an influence on how corporate culture is expressed. The way
24、 upper management acts and reacts to various situations defines how lower-level employees will act, and this aspect may be more important than any written policy.A companys corporate culture can also extend beyond the walls of the business. Consumers who believe a company to be honest and forthright
25、(直率) may be more loyal in their buying behavior. Employees in a companys customer service department can also exhibit positive corporate culture to outside individuals. In this case, the culture creates a link between the companys employees and its customers. How customers react may be a direct resu
26、lt from the companys corporate culture.Product quality can also be influenced by a companys corporate culture. Companies that focus only on profits may decide to avoid high-quality materials in products, but try to suggest that the products are of higher quality than they really are. This negative c
27、ulture can then result in lower brand loyalty with consumers.8. What do we know about corporate culture from this passage?A. It is a set of rules and regulations.B. It is the way the employees act.C. It is the values and beliefs of a company.D. It is the long term hope of a company.9. Which of the f
28、ollowing is more efficient in creating corporate culture?A. Making a set of rules and regulations.B. Setting an example for the employees.C. Learning the corporate culture regularly.D. Encouraging the employees to work harder.10. What can we infer from the fourth paragraph?A. The customer is always
29、right.B. Corporate culture has different functions.C. Without corporate culture, a company will die.D. Positive corporate culture can promote sales.11. Which word can describe the companies mentioned in the last paragraph?A. Creative.B. Efficient.C. Dishonest.D. Disloyal.【答案】8-11 CBDC【解析】这是一篇说明文。企业文
30、化是一个公司随着时间的推移而发展起来的价值观和信念。企业文化的作用是完善企业的使命和战略,并有望企业最终利润的提高。文章并指出了企业文化对企业销量和质量的影响作用。8.细节理解题。根据文章第一句可知企业文化是一个公司随着时间的推移而发展起来的价值观和信念。故选C。9.推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“Mostly corporate culture comes from a companys top management.”可知企业文化大多来自公司的高层管理人员。即树立员工榜样更能有效地创造企业文化,故选B。10.推理判断题。根据第四段“Employees in a companys custo
31、mer service department can also exhibit positive corporate culture to outside individuals. In this case, the culture creates a link between the companys employees and its customers.”可知公司客服部的员工也可以向外界展示积极的企业文化。在这种情况下,企业文化在员工和客户之间建立联系,而客户的反应可能是公司企业文化的直接结果。即可知积极的企业文化可以促进销售。故选D。11.细节理解题。最后一段“Companies th
32、at focus only on profits may decide to avoid high-quality materials in products, but try to suggest that the products are of higher quality than they really are.”可知那些只注重利润的公司可能会在产品中避免使用高质量的原材料,但会试图表明产品的质量比实际质量好。公司以次充好,这是一种不诚实的行为,故选C。DIn recent years, Chinese food-lovers have grown increasingly voice
33、s in demanding that UNESCO add some of the countrys native cuisine to the “Intangible Cultural Heritage” list. After all, the argument goes, if the French and the Mexicans are listed not to mention spicy South Korean gimjang, and mouthwatering Japanese washoku why not the country that has given the
34、world Sichuan peppercorn soup, Peking duck, and chicken feet?There have already been several attempts to win recognition for Chinas culinary culture(饮食文化). In 2011, the China Cuisine Association(CCA) applied for the countrys food to be given “Intangible Cultural Heritage” status, but the request was
35、 turned down. And then another attempt in July 2014 also came to nothing.One possible reason for the exclusion of Chinese cuisine from the UNESCO list may be our misunderstanding of the legacy(遗产) of our culinary culture. The international community has historically placed value on keeping the custo
36、ms and ceremonies that go along with a nations food culture. Gimjang the process of pickling and preserving vegetables to make kimchi, the national dish of South Korea made the list not because of its fine preparation, but because life on the Korean Peninsula has centered around such seasonal pickli
37、ng techniques for centuries. Kimchi has enabled cultural exchange across the peninsula and beyond, and has deeply changed the Koreans way of life.On the contrary, much of the Chinese understanding of culinary cultural heritage centers on the skills involved in making a certain dish. This might mean
38、the cooking techniques of regional cuisines or the processes behind the creation of different teas, liquors, and sauces. This is against one of the principles behind inclusion on UNESCOs list, which requires the countrys general population to have inherited the unique culinary culture. Chinas 2011 a
39、pplication, however, defined those who have benefited most from Chinese cuisine merely as “the chefs of China”.12. What can we infer from the argument of Chinese food-lovers?A. China should apply to the UNESCO for its food culture.B. Chinese food is as good, if not better than, as the food listed.C.
40、 The food on the UNESCO list is either spicy or mouthwatering.D. The French and the Mexicans havent made the UNESCO list yet.13. What nationality might the writer be?A. South Korean.B. Mexican.C. Chinese.D. Not known.14. What is “the legacy of culinary culture” in the eyes of Chinese people?A. It ce
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