2022-2023学年新教材高中英语 Unit 1 Cultural Heritage Section Ⅲ Discovering Useful Structures学生用书 新人教版必修第二册.docx

1、Section Discovering Useful Structures每/日/金/句：This building which has a long history can date back to the Ming Dynasty.这栋历史悠久的建筑可以追溯到明朝。语言基础集释1(教材P6)We met a professional archaeologist at the entrance to the Great Pyramid.我们在金字塔入口处遇到了一位专业的考古学家。entrance n入口；进入(1)the entrance to. 的入口the college entranc

2、e examination 高考(2)enter vi.&vt. 进入佳句At the entrance to the shopping mall, I bought a digital camera of high quality.在商场的入口处，我买了一台高质量的数码相机。练通单句语法填空After he found the _ to the building, he _ the hall without making a sound.(enter)As far as Im concerned, the key _ success is to work hard.写美应用文佳句 如果你有空

3、，今天晚上7点我将在音乐厅的入口处和你见面。If you are free, Ill meet you _ at 7：00 this evening.温馨提示“then.to” 结构the answer to.的答案the key to. 的关键the solution to. 的方法2(教材P6)He explained to us the process of building such a difficult structure.他向我们解释了建造如此困难的结构的过程。process n过程；进程；工序，步骤vt.审核；处理；加工(1)in the process 同时，在过程中in t

4、he process of 在过程中in process 在进行中(2)be processed into 被制成佳句I sat at a table, explaining every step of the process while making tea.我坐在桌子旁，一边泡茶，一边解释泡茶过程中的每一步。练通单句语法填空It will take a week for your application to _ (process)He was playing basketball and got his leg hurt _ process.写美应用文之建议信在成长的过程中，我们需要理解

5、父母。_， we need to understand our parents.语法专项突破限制性定语从句(3)自主感知1There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future.2After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near

6、 the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959.3Temples and other cultural sites were taken down piece by piece, and then moved and put back together again in a place where they were safe from the water.4This is the film which created a great sensation.我的发现1句中的定语从句分别由关系_ who和

7、which 引导，并在定语从句中作_。2句中的定语从句分别由关系_when 和 where 引导，并在定语从句中作_。语法规则一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别1限制性定语从句它是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，书写时不可用逗号分开。This is the best novel that I have ever read.这是我曾经看过的最好的小说。I live next door to a couple whose children often make a lot of noise.我隔壁住着一对夫妇，他们的孩子经

8、常制造很多噪音。2非限制性定语从句它只是对先行词作附加补充说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚完整。这种从句与主句的关系不是很密切，书写时往往用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句一般不用that引导。The novel, which I read last night，is very interesting.我昨天晚上看过那部小说了，它非常有意思。I like to have a chat with Jack, who is a clever boy. 我喜欢和杰克聊天，他是个聪明人。即时训练1补全句子她的姐姐教我们英语，明年将出国。Her sister, _， will go abroad next

9、year.她找到了那条两周前丢失的项链。She has found the necklace _一个班级就像一个大家庭， 在这个大家庭里我应该与其他人好好相处。A class is like a family _二、限制性定语从句的两种用法1定语从句中关系词的省略(1)定语从句的先行词在定语从句中作宾语时， 关系词通常省略。Who is the man (that/who/whom) you were talking to?刚才和你讲话的人是谁？ (2)当关系代词that在定语从句中用作表语时， 可以省略。China is not the country (that) it was. 中国已不

10、是过去的中国了。(3)先行词是way, reason等，且它们在定语从句中分别作方式、原因状语时， 其后定语从句的相应关系词that/in which, why/that等可以省略。After a while, she apologized for the way(that/in which) she behaved at the beginning. 过了一会， 她为自己刚开始的行为道歉。The reason (why/that) he wanted to sell his house was that he needed a lot of money for his operation.

11、他想卖掉房子的原因是他的手术需要很多钱。(4)由and, but, or等并列连词连接两个或两个以上的定语从句修饰同一个先行词时， 第一个关系词可以省略， 但第二、三个一般不可以省略。The book (which) you are reading and which is read by many young people is written by Mark Twain. 你正在读的并且被许多年轻人读的那本书是马克吐温写的。即时训练2补全句子这是我参观过的最漂亮的公园。This is the most beautiful park _她把她感兴趣的人和物都拍摄了下来。She took ph

12、otographs of the things and people _只有改变我们对待环境的方式，我们才能与它相处得很好。Only by changing the way _ can we get along well with it.2“介词关系代词”引导的定语从句当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词whom”；如果指“物”，用“介词which”；关系代词有时也用whose(作定语)。选用介词的四个依据：(1)根据定语从句中谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语)Yesterday we visited the West Lake,

13、for which Hangzhou is famous.昨天我们参观了西湖，杭州因其而出名。(be famous for“因而出名”)(2)根据先行词的搭配习惯(约定俗成，不一定是短语)This is the camera with which he often takes photos.这就是他经常用来拍照的相机。(with camera“用照相机”)The boss in whose company Mr. King worked heard about the accident.金先生所工作的公司的老板听到了这起事故。(in the boss company)(3)根据句子的意思来选择

14、The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.这种无色的、离了它我们就无法生存的气体是氧气。(4)表示“所有”关系或“整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词of。There are 50 students in our class, all of whom work hard and behave well. 我们班有50名学生， 我们都学习很努力， 并且表现很好。(5)根据意思也可用复杂介词， 如 as a result of, in front of, in the back of等。 I am good at sp

15、oken English, as a result of which I can communicate with foreigners fluently. 我擅长英语口语， 因此我能够流利地和外国人交流。(6)“the名词ofwhich/whom”或“ofwhich/whomthe名词” 引导的定语从句， 可与“whose名词”替换。Weve planned to hold an English drama festival, the theme of which/of which the theme is Love English & Love Drama. Weve planned to

16、 hold an English drama festival, whose theme is Love English & Love Drama. 我们计划举办一个英语戏剧节， 它的主题是“爱英语， 爱戏剧”。名师提醒在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after, look for等不能把介词移至which或whom之前。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正)The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very heal

17、thy.(误)即时训练3用适当的“介词关系代词”填空Chinese medicine is part of our Chinese traditional culture, the value _ is gradually recognized by the world.You should make some Chinese friends _ you can communicate frequently.It has been my ideal university, _ I have studied hard for many years.I plan to do many things

18、, one _ is making a trip to some places of interest together with my good friends.Section Discovering Useful StructuresPart 1语言基础集释1entrance; enteredtoat the entrance to the music hall2be processedinIn the process of growthPart 2语法专项突破限制性定语从句(3)我的发现1代词主语2.副词时间状语和地点状语即时训练1who teaches us English(that) she lost two weeks agowhere I should get along well with others即时训练2that I have visitedthat she was interested inin which we treat the environment即时训练3of whichwith whomfor whichof which6