2021_2022学年新教材高中英语课时素养评价十五Unit5RevealingnatureUsinglanguage含解析外研版选择性必修第一册202106082180.doc

1、十四Unit 5Using language. 用动词(短语)的适当形式填空1. We had painted (paint) the house before we moved (move) in. 2. That rich old man had made (make) a will before he died (die). 3. They had studied (study) the map of the country before they left (leave). 4. The robbers had run away (run away) before the police

2、men arrived (arrive). 5. I had turned off (turn off) all the lights before I went (go) to bed. 6. Paul went (go) out with Jane after he had made (make) a phone call. 7. Tom said (say) he had read (read) the book twice. 8. Our plan failed (fail) because we had made (make) a bad mistake. 9. When the c

3、hairman (had) finished (finish) speaking, he left (leave)the hall. 10. The Reads were having/had had (have) lunch when I got (get) to their house. . 完成句子1. We had learned about 4, 000 English words by the end of last term. 到上学期末, 我们已经学了大约4 000个英语单词。2. I waited until he (had) finished his homework. 我

4、一直等到他做完他的作业。3. We were surprised at what she had already done. 我们对她已经做的事感到惊讶。4. She didnt go to Qingdao because she had been there before. 她没有去青岛, 因为她以前去过那里。5. He said he had already given the book to the teacher. 他说他已经把书给了老师。. 阅读理解(2021郑州高二检测)A team of researchers led by engineers from Penn State U

5、niversity has created the first material that heals itself in the presence of water, according to a study published in Scientific Reports. The material, inspired by squid (鱿鱼)teeth, could be used to repair instruments in water-filled environments that are difficult to access, such as the human body,

6、 or the bottom of the sea. The researchers had been studying squids ring teeth, which are uniquely strong and can change state from liquid to solid in the presence of water. After testing ring teeth samples from several species of squid found all over the world, the researchers uncovered the genetic

7、 code for the proteins (蛋白质)that allow the teeth to heal themselves when broken. They then changed the genetic structure of bacteria to produce the proteins so they could conduct more tests. The researchers then made the proteins into a rubbery plastic by mixing them with a solvent (溶 剂)and letting

8、the solvent change into a gas. The resulting material combines a soft, shapeless part of the protein that gives the plastic its self-healing characteristics and a more structured sheet of amino acids(氨基酸)that give it a solid structure. To test the materials strength, the researchers cut it, and then

9、 put the two pieces back together with a drop of water. They found that the material healed best at 113 degrees Fahrenheit, a little warmer than the temperature of the human body, and with slight pressure from a metal tool. The material was just as strong, and able to hold the same amount of weight,

10、 before and after it was cut. Material that heals itself in the presence of water could expand the usability of biomedical implants (移植). Of course, this material is nowhere near ready for that application, and the researchers didnt test whether the constant presence of water degrades (降低)the plasti

11、cs ability to heal itself. The researchers next plan to study how their technology could help heal wounds. 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了科学家从鱿鱼的可以自愈的牙齿中得到启发, 发明了一种可以自愈的材料, 并且对这个材料进行了一系列研究。1. According to Paragraph 3, the rubbery plastic becomes self-healing in combination with_. A. amino acidsB. another kind o

12、f rubberC. a mixture of gasesD. some protein【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知, 这种材料结合了蛋白质中柔软的、不成形的部分, 使塑料具有自我修复的特性, 更有结构的氨基酸片也使其具有固体结构。故橡胶塑料是结合了蛋白质中柔软的、不成形的部分才变得具有自我修复的特性。故选D。2. In Paragraph 4, the researchers carried out a test to check whether the material_. A. was fit for human bodyB. would melt at high tem

13、peraturesC. could be connected with the metalD. would recover its original strength after healing itself【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据文章第四段可知, 为了测试该材料的强度, 研究人员将其切开, 然后将两块加一滴水放回去。可知测试的是有关强度方面的信息。故选D。3. What is the authors attitude towards the self-healing material? A. Positive. B. Objective. C. Doubtful. D. Critica

14、l. 【解析】选B。观点态度题。根据文章最后一段可知, 这种材料还远远不能满足该应用的需要, 研究人员也没有测试水的持续存在是否会降低塑料的自愈能力。作者在前文陈述了自愈材料的优点, 在最后一段也指出了缺点, 可见作者是持一个客观的态度来看待的。故选B。4. What is the main idea of the text? A. A kind of self-healing teeth was made from squids ring teeth. B. The genetic code of squids special teeth has been uncovered. C. Sup

15、er-strong material inspired by squid teeth is self-healing. D. A special rubbery plastic is used to replace squids teeth. 【解析】选C。主旨大意题。阅读全文可知, 文章讲述了科学家从鱿鱼的可以自愈的牙齿中得到启发, 发明了一种可以自愈的材料, 并且对这个材料进行了一系列研究。故选C。. 完形填空(2020新高考全国卷)Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands wh

16、ich became his second 1. He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5, the number of snakes had declin

17、ed as well. He 6 that it was because there werent enough trees to protect them from the 7. The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his

18、 own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 15 to

19、 plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1, 360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 【文章大意】文章讲述了一个印度男孩几十年如一日在所在的村庄周边的荒岛上植树造林, 最后把荒岛变成了多种动植物生长的家园。1. A. dreamB. jobC. homeD. choice【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据第一句可知小村庄是他的家, 那么后文提到的wetlands就是他的第二个家了。2.

20、 A. natureB. youthC. cultureD. knowledge【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。根据下文内容他植树造林保护动植物, 可推知他深知自然的价值和美丽。3. A. preciousB. interestingC. disturbingD. awkward【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据下一句“洪水侵袭了这一地区, 迫使很多鸟类离开, 蛇的数量也在减少”可知不好的事情发生了。disturbing令人不安的, 符合语境。故选C。4. A. wasteB. tensionC. painD. damage【解析】选D。固定搭配题。分析句子结构可知it caused为定语从句, 结合句

21、意可知洪水带来的损害是使鸟类离开此地, cause damage 造成损害, 为习惯搭配。5. A. BesidesB. HoweverC. ThereforeD. Otherwise【解析】选A。词义辨析题。由前一句“鸟类飞走了”和本句“蛇的数量减少了”可知两句都是洪水的危害。however和otherwise表示转折关系, therefore表示因果关系, besides表示递进关系, 故besides符合语境。6. A. agreedB. realizedC. rememberedD. predicted【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合宾语从句的内容可知这是他分析后得出的结论, 故为rea

22、lize(意识到)。7. A. noiseB. heatC. diseaseD. dust【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合本句中的werent enough trees和下一句中的during the daytime可推知树木用来遮阴, 保护这些动物免受太阳照射的热量, 故为heat。8. A. directionsB. partnersC. helpD. shelter【解析】选D。背景常识题。根据常识可知树木在炽热的阳光下可以为动物提供遮蔽。故选D。9. A. laborB. policeC. forestD. finance【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。根据上下文可知要解决问题就得种树, 他自

23、然会向林业相关部门寻求帮助。故选C。10. A. rebuiltB. discoveredC. leftD. managed【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。根据空后的内容a nearby island可知他找到一个小岛, 用discover。11. A. DecoratingB. ObservingC. WateringD. Guarding【解析】选C。逻辑推理题。结合下文的内容可知本段讲的是树木的灌溉问题, 故用water(浇水), 符合语境。12. A. toughB. illegalC. fantasticD. beneficial【解析】选A。逻辑推理题。结合句意“在干旱季节给树苗浇水对于

24、一个男孩来说是很”和下文他所做的努力可知应该是很“困难的”。tough困难的。13. A. backB. topC. footD. side【解析】选B。逻辑推理题。结合下一句中的on the plants below可推知在树的上方他建了一个小装置, 故选B。14. A. cool downB. keep offC. purifyD. collect【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。结合下一句雨水会从上方的装置中滴下去给树浇水可知这种装置是为了收集雨水, 故选D。15. A. returnedB. learnedC. failedD. continued【解析】选D。逻辑推理题。根据时间状语for

25、the next 37 years可知他继续做这样的事情很长时间了, 故选D。【难句剖析】Molai built at the top of each sapling a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to collect rainwater. 分析: 本句是一个带有where引导的定语从句的复合句。在主句中介词短语at the top of each sapling放到了宾语a bamboo platform之前。翻译: Molai在每一棵小树的顶部建了一个竹子平台, 他把带小洞的砂锅放在上面收集

26、雨水。. 语法填空Learning any language needs practicelots of practice! It is of great 1. _ (significant) to practice English on a daily basis, 2. _ will help you make it a habit to study English. Listen to and read English every day. There 3. _ (be) a number of beginner-level listening and reading materials

27、 that you can use. Books 4. _ (write) for children are also a great idea. Open your mouth and speak even if you only speak to 5. _ (you). Speak out loud. Try to quickly summarize 6. _ you have heard or read. Of course, its better if you can do this 7. _ a friend. Find a friend and talk in English to

28、gether a few times a week. Take thirty minutes every day 8. _ at least four times a week 9. _ (practise) your English! If you continue to do this, you 10. _ (find) how amazingly your English improves! 【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了提高英语水平的方法, 包括练习材料的选择, 练习的方法, 以及坚持练习才能够有效提高英语水平。1. 【解析】significance。考查名词。句意: 每天

29、练习英语是很重要的, 这将帮助你养成学习英语的习惯。分析可知, 空前great为形容词, 所填空应是名词。“be of great+抽象名词”相当于“be(+very)+adj. ”, 意为“非常的”。故填significance。2. 【解析】which。考查非限制性定语从句。句意: 每天练习英语是很重要的, 这将帮助你养成学习英语的习惯。分析可知, “_ will help you make it a habit to study English”为之前主句的非限制性定语从句, 主句为先行词, 在从句中作主语, 应用关系代词which引导, 意为“这”。故填which。3. 【解析】are

30、。考查时态和主谓一致。句意: 有许多你可以使用的初学者水平的听力和阅读材料。分析可知, 所填空句式为“there be”句式中的be, 采用就近原则, 结合文中时态为一般现在时, 主语“a number of beginner-level listening and reading materials that you can use(许多你可以使用的初学者水平的听力和阅读材料)”为复数概念, 因此be动词应是are。故填are。4. 【解析】written。考查非谓语动词。句意: 为孩子们写的书也是一个不错的主意。分析可知, 句中已存在谓语“are”, 因此“_ for children”应

31、是之前名词“Books”的后置定语, 与其之间为被动关系, 应用过去分词形式。故填written。5. 【解析】yourself。考查反身代词。句意: 即使你只对自己说, 也要开口说话。分析可知, 所填空应是宾语, 根据提供词“you”可知, 与主语you(你)相同, 因此应用反身代词。故填yourself。6. 【解析】what。考查宾语从句。句意: 尽量快速总结你所听到或读到的内容。分析可知, “_you have heard or read”应是宾语从句, 从句中谓语“have heard or read”缺少宾语, 指物, 应用连接代词what。故填what。7. 【解析】with。考

32、查介词。句意: 当然, 如果你能和朋友一起这样做会更好。分析可知, 空后为名词, 所填空应是介词起到连接的作用, 从而使句意完整, “介词+a friend”在句中担当伴随状语。根据后文“Find a friend and talk in English together a few times a week. (找一个朋友, 每周一起用英语交谈几次。)”可知, 这里应是强调与朋友一起练习英语。故填with。8. 【解析】or。考查连词。句意: 每天花三十分钟或至少一星期四次来练习你的英语! 分析可知, 空前“every day”与空后“at least four times a week”为并列选择关系, 应用表达选择逻辑的并列连词or。故填or。9. 【解析】to practise。考查动词不定式。句意: 每天花三十分钟或至少一星期四次来练习你的英语! take time to do sth. , 固定结构, 意为“花费时间做某事”。故填to practise。10. 【解析】will find。考查时态。句意: 如果你继续这样做, 你会发现你的英语有多么惊人的提高! 分析可知, “If you continue to do this”应是条件状语从句, 遵循“主将从现”原则, 主句为一般将来时。故填will find。