2022-2023学年高二英语选择性必修第二册单元重难点易错题精练（外研版2019）UNIT 4 重点语法GRAMMAR IT做形式主语 WORD版含解析.docx

1、Unit 4单元重点语法专项练习it做形式主语一、单项选择1It is a classic debate _ the ends justify the means, or reasonable means can certainly differ.AeitherBof whetherCthatDof what2It remains to be seen _ will sign up for the 1500-meter race.AwhoeverBwhoCwhomDwhich3It is a pity the museum built in the eighteenth century doe

2、s not attract visitors.AwhichBthatCwhatDwho4_is known to us all is that the Beijing Olympic Games took place in 2008.AItBWhatCAsDWhich5It is known to all_the country is a leading agricultural nation.AthatBwhyCwhatDwhen6 It is suggested at the end of the passage the things we buy often affect many pe

3、oples lives around the world.Athat, whatBwhich, /Cthat, /Dwhat, that7It was until late afternoon he was figuring out he considered was a wise way to fight against it.Awhen; whatBthat; thatCthat; whatDwhen; that8Its true _ inner beauty is very important, but external beauty shouldnt be completely ove

4、rlooked.AhowBwhyCthatDwhat9It is reported _ the flood has influenced the lives of over 200 residents.AthatBwhetherCifDwhich10You oughtnt to have gone out without a coat yesterday. It isnt surprising _ you caught a cold.AwhetherBwhyChowDthat11Its unclear_ the tiny computer will be released, but it wi

5、ll come onto the market sooner or later.AwhenBwhatChowDwhether12It is not a problem _ we can win the battle; its just a matter of time.AwhatBthatCwhichDwhether13It surprised her greatly _ her neighbor had been in prison for 4 years.AthatBforCwhileDwhether14It makes no difference to me _ you go today

6、 or tomorrow.AwhetherBifCthatDwhen15Its not surprising _ you won the medal, considering how much you paid for it.AwhetherBwhyCbecauseDthat16It is often the case_ miracles can happen for those who hang on to hope.AwhatBthatCwhereDwhy17It is reported _ the Arctic is having its hottest June ever and is

7、 suffering its worst wildfire seasons on record.AthatBwhetherCwhatDhow18Its none of your business _ my private life is like.AhowBwhatCwhenDwhich19_ certain that his invention will make peoples life convenient.AThatsBThis isCIt isDWhat is20It used to be thought _ the Earth was flat.AasBwhenCsinceDtha

8、t21_is the most important in life is that we should always be confident about the future.AWhoBWhichCThatDWhat22It remains to be seen _ the new school rules can be put into practice.AthatBwhichCwhatDwhether23It doesnt matter _ your home is in a noisy downtown or in the remote countryside.AifBwhetherC

9、whenDwhich24Its certain music lessons in early childhood improve the brains performance.AhowBwhenCwhetherDthat25It doesnt matter_you have the ability to be on top of your professional careers as long as you work hard the whole time.AwhetherBhowCwhatDwhy26It is obvious to the whole world_the US has p

10、layed dirty tricks to bully foreign companies like Hua Wei and TikTok in order to either destroy them or take them over.AasBwhichCwhetherDthat27It never occurred to me _ you could succeed in persuading him to change his mindAwhichBwhatCthatDif28It is obvious to the students _ they should get well pr

11、epared for their future.AasBwhichCwhetherDthat29It is generally believed _ improvements in health care will lead to a stronger, more prosperous(繁荣的) economy.AasBthatCthisDwhat30It soon became widely known _ the attempt to save girl had failed.AthatBwhatCwhoDwhich31It matters little _ a man dies, but

12、 _ matters much is _ he lives.Ahow; what; howBhow; it; howCwhy; it; whyDthat; what; that32It has been pointed out _ plays a vital role in driving away ones anxiety is ones sweet childhood memories.Awhat thatBwhichCthatDthat what33It is reported the housing prices in some big cities fall in different

13、 degrees.AwhichBwhatCthatDwhere34It is no use _ for your mistakes now. _ you need to do is correct them as soon as possible.Acrying; WhatBcrying; ThatCto cry; ThatDto cry; What35It is not a problem _ we can win the battle; its just a matter of time.AwhetherBwhyCwhenDwhere二、用单词的适当形式完成句子36It remains t

14、o be seen _weather-tracking system can prevent many disasters. 37On 18 April 1955, it was reported _Einstein had passed away. 38Its known to all _ the gun powder was first invented by the Chinese. 39Its still unknown_ hell go abroad for further study or not.40Its a pity _youve missed such a good cha

15、nce. 41It is not immediately clear _the financial crisis will soon be over. 42It is by no means clear _the president can do to end the strike. 43It has been proved _eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life. 44It is estimated _up to 60% of the local

16、population is being reached through these radio broadcasts. 45It doesnt matter _ youre dressed. No one cares. 46It is crucial _we get the rules right at the global level. 47It is likely_ the donation in the form of funds will come in one week. 48It has been proved_ the practice can only do good. 49I

17、t is generally admitted _ the moon is a world of silence. 50It is a problem_ they will support us. 51It soon became apparent_ the two women knew each other. 52It is important _he should know about this. 53It is painful _Tom will fail this exam. 54It is probable _it will rain today. 55It is none of y

18、our business _other people think about you. Believe yourself. 56Its your fault _ she hasnt come to the party. 57Its said_ history is written by the victors, and those victors set the standards for admission to the genius club. 58It is typical _ he forgets to bring a present when attending a birthday

19、 party. 59It is odd _he has made the same error again. 60It suddenly hit me _ I had grown up and I had to look after myself and live independently. 61It is certain_ free medical care will be given to most people in our city. 62It was quite obvious _ we must apply other methods of settling it.63It is

20、 believed _ human beings can walk in the universe in the future. 64It is intended _ production will start at the end of the month. 65It is a common knowledge _ practice makes perfect. 参考答案：1C【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：这是一个经典的辩论，只要目的正当就可以不择手段，或者合理的手段肯定会有所不同。句中it作形式主语，从句中不缺少成分且句意完整，所以用连接代词that连接。故选C。2B【详解】考查主语从句。

21、句意：谁将报名参加1500米赛跑还有待观察。分析句子可知，句中It是形式主语，“ will sign up for the 1500-meter race.”是主语从句。从句中缺少主语，结合句意，表示“谁将报名”，应用连接代词who引导该从句。故选B项。3B【详解】考查主语从句的连接词。句意：遗憾的是，这座建于18世纪的博物馆并不吸引游客。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是空格后的部分，也就是说，空格处应该填入一个连词用来引导主语从句；分析句子可知，该连词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有意义，只起连接作用，所以，应该用连词that。故选B项。4B【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众

22、所周知，2008年奥运会将在北京举行。引导主语从句，句中缺少主语，指事情应用what。故选B。5A【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，这个国家是一个农业大国。分析句子可知，It在句中作形式主语；_the country is a leading agricultural nation作真正的主语，故此处应填主语从句的连接词。由于主语从句不缺任何句子成分，也不缺任何含义，故用that引导，只起连接作用。故选A。6C【详解】考查名词性从句和定语从句。句意：文章最后指出，我们买的东西经常影响世界各地许多人的生活。第一空It is suggested that为主语从句，it为为形式主语，真正的主语

23、为that从句。第二空为定语从句，句中先行词为the things，在定语从句中作动词buy的宾语，所以用关系代词which或that引导，也可以省略关系代词。故选C。7C【详解】考查强调句和名词性从句。句意：直到下午晚些时候他才意识到他想到的是解决问题的正确的方法。第一空是until 用于强调句，构成it is not untilthat “直到才”，第二空后_he thought是主语从句，从句缺少宾语，且意为“的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故选C。8C【详解】考查固定句型和that引导的主语从句。句意：内在美确实很重要，但是外在美也不应该被完全忽视。A. how怎样；到何种地步；以

24、任何方式；B. why为什么；C. that多么；如此以至；用于某些动词、形容词和名词后，引出各种从句；D. what 什么。分析句子结构可知空处应填主语从句引导词，从句结构完整，结合句意应填that，It is true that.“确实；诚然”，为固定句型，其中it为形式主语，that从句为真正的的主语。故选C项。9A【详解】考查连接词。句意：据报道，洪水影响了200多名居民的生活。本句考查It is reported that.表“据报道”，为固定句型。it做形式主语，that之后的从句为真正主语。故选A项。10D【详解】考查固定句型。句意：昨天你不应该不穿外套就出去。你感冒了，这并不奇

25、怪。此处为it be adj. that.，it作形式主语，that从句为真正主语。故选D。11A【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前还不清楚这种微型电脑何时会上市，但它迟早会进入市场。分析句子结构可知，it为形式主语，空处引导主语从句，结合“sooner or later.”可知，从句缺少时间状语，需用连接副词when引导。故选A。12D【详解】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. what什么；B. that无实义；C. which哪个；D. whether是否。根据下文its just a matter of time可知，此处指“我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问

26、题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选D。13A【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：她的邻居坐了4年牢，这使她大为吃惊。分析句子结构可知，it是形式主语，代指主语从句_ her neighbor had been in prison for 4 years。该从句中，her neighbor是主语，had been是谓语，in prison是表语，for 4 years是时间状语。该从句结构和意思完整，应该用that引导从句。故选A。14A【详解】考查主语从句连词。句意：你是今天走还是明天走，我都无所谓。A. whether是否；B. if是否；如果；C. that那个；D

27、. when当时候。根据句意可知，另外一个人是今天还是明天出发对他来说没有什么分别，应该使用表示“是否”的连词；且主语从句中表示“是否”不可以使用if，故选A项。15D【详解】考查连词。句意：考虑到你的付出，你赢得这个奖牌一点也不令人吃惊。根据句子结构可知，“It”是形式主语，真正的主语是“_you won the medal”，所以空处引导主语从句。分析从句的句子结构和主从句的上下文意思可知，此空不做任何句子成分，不需要任何意思，只需要起到连接主从句的作用，符合连词“that”在主语从句中的用法。故选D项。16B【详解】考查主语从句。句意：对于那些坚持希望的人，奇迹往往会发生。分析句子结构可

28、知，此句为主语从句，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故选B。【点睛】17A【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据报道，北极正在经历有史以来最热的六月，并遭受有记录以来最严重的野火季节。A. that那个；B. whether是否；C. what什么；D. how怎样。分析句子可知，空处应使用that引导主语从句，作真正的主语，it为形式主语。其中that在从句中不充当成分，没有实际意义，仅起连接作用。故选A项。18B【详解】考查主语从句的引导词。句意：我的私生活如何与你无关。分析句子结构可知，句中It为形式主语，空格后为主语从句，从句中缺少like的宾语，因此从句用wh

29、at引导，故选B。19C【详解】考查it作形式主语。句意：毫无疑问，他的发明将使人们的生活方便。It is certain that.为固定句型，意为“毫无疑问的是.”，其中It作形式主语，that从句为主语从句，因此空格处为It is。故选C。20D【详解】考查连接词。句意：过去人们往往认为地球是平的。分析句子可知，当主语是动词不定式，动词ing形式和主语从句时，为避免头重脚轻，习惯用it位于句首，用作形式主语。本句it用作形式主语，代替句子后真正的主语the Earth was flat。且从句the Earth was flat中不缺少任何成分，that引导主语从句。故选D项。21D【详

30、解】考查主语从句。句意：生活中最重要的是我们总是要对未来充满信心。分析句子可知，空处引导一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，表示“最重要的事情”，应用连接代词what引导。故选D项。22D【详解】考查主语从句。句意：新校规能否付诸实施还有待观察。A. that(无意义)；B. which哪一个，哪一些；C. what的人或事物；D. whether是否。分析句子可知，It为形式主语；空格处引导主语从句，引导词whether“是否”引导从句，符合句意，在从句中不充当任何成分。故选D项。23B【详解】考查固定短语。句意：无论你的家是在喧闹的市中心，还是在偏远的乡村。此处为it作形式主语，设空处引导

31、真正的主语从句，根据后文“your home is in a noisy downtown or in the remote countryside”可知表示“无论是还是”可知短语为whetheror。故选B。24D【详解】考查主语从句。句意：在孩提时期的音乐训练可提高脑力，这是肯定的。根据句子结构可知，it是形式主语，此处引导主语从句，且从句中的成分和句意都完整，应用连接词that。It be certain that.“可以肯定的是”。故选D。25A【详解】考查主语从句。句意：只要你一直努力工作，你是否有能力成为职业生涯的佼佼者并不重要。it是形式主语，本句是主语从句，是真正的主语，从句不

32、缺成分，根据句意，你有能力成为职业生涯的佼佼者是一种选择，所以用“是否”连接。故选A项。26D【详解】考查主语从句。句意：全世界都很清楚，美国用肮脏的伎俩欺负华为和抖音这样的外国公司，要么摧毁它们，要么接管它们。分析句意，句中的it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句“_the US has played dirty tricks to bully foreign companies like Hua Wei and TikTok in order to either destroy them or take them over”。分析成分，从句部分不缺成分和翻译且为陈述句。所以从句应用引导词t

33、hat引导。故选D项。27C【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我根本没有想到你能够成功的说服我改变主意。根据句意可知，此处是固定句型It occurred to sb that “某人突然想起.”，其中it是形式主语，that引导真正的主语从句。故选C。【点睛】28D【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：对学生们来说很明显，他们应该为将来做好充分的准备。本题中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的they should get well prepared for their future句子成分齐全，所以使用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故D正确。【点睛】名词性从句的考查集中在引导词的选择上，连接词th

34、at只起连接作用；连接代词who(ever)，which(ever)，whom(ever)，whose(ever)，what(ever)在句中做主语，宾语，表语和定语；连接副词when, why, where, how，在句中做状语。应从上下句的句法关系着手分析，切不可“望句形生答案”。总的来说，考生在解答此类型时，可用排除法或造句法，造句法就是仿造原句的语法功能仿造出一个易懂易理解的句子，帮助判断。29B【详解】考查主语从句。句意：人们普遍认为，改善保健将带来一个更强大、更繁荣的经济。分析句子可知，it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句 _ improvements in health ca

35、re will lead to a stronger, more prosperous(繁荣的) economy，从句中不缺少任何成分，也不缺少任何意思，应用that连接，故选B。30A【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意：营救那个女孩的努力失败了，这事很快就传开了。分析可知，“It”为形式主语，“_ the attempt to save girl had failed”应是句子的真正主语，即，主语从句，从句中句子结构完整，句意完整，应用that引导。故选A项。31A【详解】考查名词性从句连接词。句意：一个人怎样死去并不重要，重要的是他怎样活着。第一空中，it为形式主语，_ a man dies

36、中缺少方式状语，表示“怎样，如何”应用how；第二空，引导主语从句，从句中缺少主语，结合句意可知应用what；第三空为表语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“怎样”应用how。故选A。32D【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：有人指出，驱除焦虑所起着至关重要的作用是童年美好的回忆。本句时一个主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为that what plays a vital role in driving away ones anxiety is ones sweet childhood memories.，主语从句中又有一个主语从句，且此主语从句中缺少主语，指物，所以用what引导。故选D。【点睛】本

37、题考查名词性从句，首先判断属于哪种名词性从句，再判断从句缺少什么成分，如果缺少主宾表，用what，不缺少成分和意思用that，缺少疑问词根据句意判断。本题中需要分析主语从句中还有一个主语从句，且缺少主语，故用what引导。33C【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据报道，一些大城市的房价有不同程度的下降。分析句子可知，本句中的It是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的句子，而从句意思、成分完整，故用没有任何意义，只起连接作用的连词that。故选C项。34A【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句。句意：现在为你的错误哭泣是没有用的。你需要做的是尽快纠正它们。It is no use doing sth.做某事是没有用的

38、，该句型是固定句型；_ you need to do是一个主语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，表示“你需要做的事情”，用what引导该从句。故选A。35A【详解】考查主语从句。句意:我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题；这只是时间问题。A. whether是否；B. why为什么；C. when什么时候；D. where在哪里。根据下文its just a matter of time可知，此处指”我们能否打赢这场战斗不是问题”，it是形式主语，whether引导的从句是真正的主语。故选A。36whether#if【详解】考查主语从句。句意：天气跟踪系统能否预防许多灾害还有待观察。it作为形式主语，空处引

39、导主语从句，做真正的主语，从句成分完整，需用连接词引导。it作为形式主语时，表示“是否”可用whether或if引导主语从句。故填whether或if。37that【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：1955年4月18日，据报道爱因斯坦去世了。此处分析句子可知，此处用it作形式主语，后面为真正的主语从句，从句中不缺成分，没有含义，故用that来引导主语从句；主语与report之间是被动关系，故用it was reported that.表示“据报道”。故填that。38that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：众所周知，火药最早是中国人发明的。分析句子可知，It在句中作形式主语，真正的主语应是空格出引

40、导的主语从句，此处主语从句缺少引导词，因为主语从句句子完整，所以应由没有词义的that来引导。故填that。39whether【详解】考查主语从句。句意：她是否会出国去深造还不知道。这是一个主语从句，it做形式主语，后边的从句做真正的主语。由句意以及“or not”可知，空格处应填whether。40that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：真遗憾，你错过了这么好的机会。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是形式主语，代替空格后面的从句，所以空格处应该填入一个连接词引导主语从句，该连接词在从句中不作任何成分，也没有意义，应用that引导。故填that。41whether【详解】考查主语从句。句意：目前尚

41、不清楚金融危机是否会很快结束。此处it作形式主语，空处引导主语从句，表示“是否”应用whether。故填whether。42what【详解】考查主语从句。句意：总统能做些什么来结束罢工，这一点不清楚。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，“ the president can do to end the strike”是主语从句，从句中缺宾语，应用连接代词what引导该从句，意为“什么事情”。故填what。43that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：事实证明，在童年时期吃蔬菜有助于在以后的生活中预防严重疾病。根据句子结构，it为形式主语，设空处后句意完整，应用连接代词that引导真正的主语从句。故填tha

42、t。44that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据估计，多达60%的当地人口正通过这些无线电广播得到广播。分析句子，句中it为形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，引导词在从句中不作成分，只起到引导作用。故填that。45how【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：你怎么穿并不重要。没有人在乎。分析句子结构可知，本句为主语从句，it作形式主语，真正的主语为 youre dressed，从句缺少方式状语，所以用连接副词how。根据句意，故填how。46that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：至关重要的是，我们要在全球层面制定正确的规则。It is crucial that.是固定句型，意为“至关重要的是

43、”，其中It是形式主语，that从句引导主语从句，故填that。47that【详解】考查固定句型。句意：很有可能以基金形式的捐款将在一周内到达。it is likely that 为固定句型，意为“很可能”，it为形式主语，that引导主语从句。故填that。48that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：事实证明，这种做法只会有好处。本句为主语从句，句中it作形式主语。从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。49that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：人们普遍承认月球是一个寂静的世界。It是形式主语，the moon is a world of silence是

44、主语从句，从句结构完整，不缺任何意义，用只起连接作用的that。故填that。50whether【详解】考查连词：句意：他们是否支持我们还是个问题。 根据句意分析句子可知，句中的it是个形式主语，代替空格后面的主语从句，所以空格处应该填入一个连词引导主语从句，且意义为“是否”。故填whether。51that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：这两个女人显然彼此认识。分析句子结构可知，“It”为形式主语，真正的主语为“the two women knew each other. ”，从句成分齐全，句意完整，使用that连接主语从句，故填that。52that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他应该知道这件事

45、，这很重要。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，空处引导的从句是真正的主语，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。53that【详解】考查固定句型。句意：汤姆这次考试会不及格，这是令人痛苦的。分析句子可知，该句为固定句型it is adj that“是怎样的”，符合句子结构，故此处为连词that。故填that。54that【详解】考查连接词。句意：今天很有可能下雨。分析句子可知，该句是it作形式主语，_ it will rain today是真正的主语，故此处应填主语从句的连接词，主语从句中不缺少成分，也不缺少任何含义，因此可以使用that引导，只起引导作用。故填that。55what

46、【详解】考查主语从句。句意：别人怎么看你不关你的事。相信自己。本句为主语从句，it在句中做形式主语，用what引导主语从句，what other people think about you意为“别人怎么看你”。故填what。56that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：她没来参加聚会是你的错。句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的从句，从句句意完整，不缺成分，应用that引导。故填that。57that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：据说历史是由胜利者书写的，而那些胜利者为天才俱乐部的入会设定了标准。Its said that.是固定句型，意为“据说”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的从句是主语从句

47、，故填that。58that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：他在参加生日聚会时忘记带礼物，他一贯如此。分析句子可知，It是形式主语，空处引导主语从句，作真正的主语，从句结构、意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。59that【详解】考查主语从引导词。句意：奇怪的是他又犯了同样的错误。 此处是it作形式主语，that从句作真正主语的结构，引导词在句中不做成分，不能省略。故填that。60that【详解】考查主语从句连接词。句意：我突然想到，我已经长大了，我必须照顾好自己，独立生活。分析句子结构可知，句中的it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的主语从句，从句中缺少连接词，该连接词在从句中不充当成分，无

48、词义，不可省略，因而用that引导。故填that。61that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：可以肯定的是，我们城市的大多数人都会得到免费的医疗服务。分析句子结构和意思可知，It是形式主语，free medical care will be given to most people in our city是真正的主语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，所以用连词that引导。故填that。62that【详解】句意：很显然，我们必须采取其他办法来解决它。It is obvious that-，很明显，此处是that引导的主语从句，故答案为that。63that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：人们相信未来人类可以在宇宙中行走。分析句子结构可知，这是一个主语从句，it是形式主语，连接词在从句中不作任何成份，只起连接作用，因此，连接词应该用that。故填that。64that【详解】考查主语从句。句意：计划在月底开始生产。分析句子结构可知，这是一个主语从句，it是形式主语，连接词在从句中不作任何成份，只起连接作用，因此，连接词应该用that。故填that。65that【详解】考查名词性从句。句意：众所周知，熟能生巧。分析可知，句子为主语从句，it做形式主语，从句句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故填that。