高二英语同步课件：UNIT 1 SECTION Ⅳ GRAMMAR .ppt

1、Unit 1 The written wordSection Grammar&Writing语法讲座写作讲座考点精析专题练习佳作观摩技法指导专题练习返回返回返回返回返回返回否定词和否定句返回返回一、常用否定词1英语中否定含义的表达形式多种多样，可以用not,no,never,none,nobody,nothing,nowhere等否定词来表达否定之意。We have not signed any agreement.我们没有签署任何协议。They never have time to go to the cinema during the weekdays.他们从星期一到星期五从来都没有时间去

2、看电影。返回返回考题印证111(2012江苏高考)Sophia waited for a reply,but_ came.AeitherBanother Cneither Dnone解析：选 考查代词。根据句中表示转折的连词but可知，此处应用表示全部否定意义的代词，所以排除A项和B项；neither“两者都不”，此处并不表示两者，故排除C。none“一个都没有”，通常用于表示“三者或三者以上都不”，符合句意。D返回返回12(2012江西高考)My brother would like to buy a good watch but _ was available from that shop

3、.Anothing Bnone Cno one Dneither解析：选 考查代词。句意：我哥哥想买一块好表，但是那家店里没有一块他看中的。这里要注意是在那家店里没有买到，就是说店里的任何一块表他都没看中，有一个特定的范围，所以用none。B返回返回13(2011湖南高考)I knew that _ would ever discourage him;he would never give up wanting to be a director.Asomething Banything Ceverything Dnothing 解析：选 考查代词。句意：我知道没有什么能阻止他。他是不会放弃当导

4、演的想法的。nothing“没有什么”，符合句意。D返回返回2可以用hardly,scarcely,seldom,little,few等半否定词来表达否定之意。Now she hardly had strength to open the carriage door.此刻她几乎没有力气打开车厢的门。Unfortunately,very few people have played in this space.遗憾的是，目前只有极少数的人涉足这个领域。返回返回3可以用含否定意义的前缀a，ab，an，de，dis，il，im，in，ir，non，un，under等构成的词表达否定之意；也可以用后缀

5、less，free，proof等构成的词表达否定之意。Today it is impossible to cure cancer completely.目前要完全治愈癌症是不可能的。Second,it is also useless to worry about the future.其次，为未来而担忧也是没有用的。返回返回4其他表达否定意义的词组及固定搭配：far from,rather than,other than,free from,would rather.than.等。Your work is far from being satisfactory.你的工作一点也不令人满意。The

6、 truth is quite other than what you think.事实真相同你想的完全不同。返回返回考题印证2(2011新课标全国卷)The form cannot be signed by anyone _yourself.Arather than Bother thanCmore than Dbetter than解析：选 考查介词短语辨析。句意：这个表格不能由除你以外的任何人签字。换言之，这个表格只能由你签字。rather than“而不是”；other than“除了”；more than“多于，超过”；better than“优于”，故选B项。B返回返回二、否定句1

7、全部否定no，not，never，none，nobody，nothing，nowhere，neither.nor结构均表示完全否定，在汉语中体现为“绝对不”，“没有”，“远不(非)”，“一点也不”，“根本不”，“无论如何也没有”等。None of my friends smokes.我的朋友都不吸烟。The book is nowhere to be found.那本书哪儿也找不到。返回返回考题印证3(2012新课标全国卷)Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him,but _ of them wants to,because th

8、ey have work to do.AeitherBanyCneither Dnone解析：选 考查代词。后半句句意：他们两个都不想去，因为他们都有工作要做。对两者的全部否定用neither。C返回返回2部分否定英语中一些含有总括含义的代词、形容词或副词，当用于否定句中时，只否定一部分，而不是完全否定。如all,everybody(everyone),everything,anyone(anybody),anything,anywhere,everywhere,always,quite,both,entirely,altogether等词与not连用时，在汉语中译为“不全是”，“不都是”，“

9、并非全都是”，“不总是”等。He is not absolutely wrong.他并不完全错。Not everyone was for my plan.并不是每个人都赞同我的计划。返回返回3双重否定双重否定，意义肯定：指同一句中有两处具有否定含义，但表达的意义是肯定的，通常比肯定句的语气要重。译成汉语时可以译成肯定形式，也可以保持双重否定形式。用于表示双重否定的词或结构有：no.not;no/not.without;cannot but do(不得不);cannot help doing;cannot help but do;without doubt;without fail;not se

10、ldom(常常);not displeased(满意的)等。返回返回Nobody does nothing.人人都要做事。We cannot help admiring his bravery.我们不得不佩服他的勇敢。He is not displeased with my answer.他对我的回答感到满意。返回返回4某些结构表达否定意义(1)too.to(太而不能)Hes too small to do that.他太小了，干不了那件事。(2)more A than B(与其B不如A)，more than含有can 的从句(不能)。He is more brave than wise.他有

11、勇无谋。Your problem is more than I can deal with.你的问题我解决不了。返回返回(3)比较级than不定式(不至于做)。You should know better than to play football in the classroom.你应该明白不该在教室里踢足球的。He was wiser than to have done such a thing.他不至于愚蠢到做出这样的事情。返回返回5连词before，unless等引导的状语从句可以表达否定意义He slipped out before the meeting started.会议还没开

12、始，他就悄悄地溜出去了。Unless you put on your overcoat,youll catch a cold.如果你不穿大衣，就会着凉。返回返回考题印证4(2012福建高考)It is hard for the Greek government to get over the present difficulties _ it gets more financial support from the European Union.Aif BunlessCbecause Dsince解析：选 考查连词的用法。句意：对希腊政府来说，如果从欧盟得不到更多的财政支援，就很难克服目前的困

13、难。unless“除非”，引导条件状语从句，符合句意。B返回返回6虚拟语气可以表达否定意义But for your coming,I should have been very lonely.要不是你来了，我会感到很寂寞的。返回返回考题印证5(2011江西高考)We _Johns name on the race list yesterday but for his recent injury.Awill put Bwill have putCwould put Dwould have put解析：选 考查虚拟语气。句意：要不是约翰目前的伤情，我们昨天就会把他的名字列到比赛的名单中了。but

14、for表示“要不是”，根据 yesterday可知此处表示与过去的事实相反，结合选项可知主句中应用 would have done，故选D。D返回返回点击下图进入返回返回文学评论返回返回鲁滨逊漂流记是英国小说家丹尼尔笛福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇书评：该书出版于1719年，它是一本最流行的历险小说；简述小说故事的主要情节；该书部分是根据18世纪苏格兰水手Alexander Selkirk的事迹写的；小说描写真实细致，引人入胜。返回返回A Review of Robinson CrusoeThis is a novel by the English aut

15、hor Daniel Defoe,published in 1719.It is one of the most popular adventure novels in all literature.It is the story of Robinson Crusoe,an Englishman who is shipwrecked in a lonely tropical island.He builds himself a hut,grows his own food,and becomes selfsufficient.After 23 years he meets with a gro

16、up of cannibals and rescues one of their prisoners,a young native whom he calls Friday.Crusoe and his“man”Friday become close friends,and when they are finally rescued four years later,both return to England.返回返回Robinson Crusoe was partly based on the actual deeds of Alexander Selkirk,an 18thcentury

17、 Scottish sailor who spent almost five years alone on a deserted island.This novel is famous for its lovely details and its expression of belief in mans ability when left alone in nature.返回返回第一段：对作品总体评价并简要介绍故事情节。第二段：介绍作品创作的素材并点明写作特点。句中published in 1719为过去分词短语作后置定语；句中都使用了“同位语who/whom引导定语从句”的句式；句中使用了状

18、语从句的省略形式。返回返回如何写文学评论1文学评论是一种以作家、作品、文学创作和文学思潮作为评论对象的理论文体。文学评论的作者旨在表达自己对文学作品的理解和认识，启发和帮助读者提高阅读水平，对作品的作者提出正确而有益的建议。返回返回2写文学评论可分以下几步：(1)介绍所要评论的文学作品(标题、作者和类型)；(2)简述作品情节；(3)讨论作品的主题和意义；(4)介绍读者对作品的评析。3评论主体时态通常采用一般现在时，有时也可用现在完成时。返回返回黄金表达1.is written by.2The work is known for.3.is distinct from.4I think/In my opinion.5I am greatly impressed by 返回返回点击下图进入