高考英语一轮复习状语从句.ppt

1、状语从句1、时间状语从句2、地点状语从句3、原因状语从句4、目的状语从句5、结果状语从句6、条件状语从句7、方式状语从句8、让步状语从句9、比较状语从句（一）时间状语从句n 连接词while,when,as,whenever,n before,after,since,n till,until,once,n as soon as,no soonerthan,hardly/scarcely/barely when,n the moment,the second,the instant,n every time,each time,next time,the first/last time,by t

2、he timen directly,immediately,instantly等when，while和as 的区别(选词填空)1）Our English teacher was explaining the grammar to us _ the headmaster came in and stopped him.2)_ our English teacher was explaining the grammar to us,the headmaster came in and stopped him.3)_ her classmates were looking for jobs,she

3、was busy writing her graduating thesis.4)_ she comes,I shall tell her to wait for you.5)_ she entered,she responded pleasantly to the interviewers greeting.6)_ the day went on,the weather got worse.1.While 只能表示时间段,when即可以表示时间段也可以表示时间点2.While引导从句中的动词常为延续性动词,且常可以进行时3.若从句动作发生在主句动作之前,常用when引导从句4.as 强调伴随

4、,常指两个动作同时发生5.若从句表示随着的流逝,只能用asWhenWhen/WhileWhileWhenAsAsn 7)Some people waste food _ others havent enough.n 8)He was walking along the street _ he ran into an old friend.n 9)I had read only a few lines _ I heard the bell ringing.n 10)He was about to return to the path,_he saw a river nearby.6.While

5、还可以作而解,表示对比.7.When解释为“这时/正在那时,(突然)”时,放在主句后,前面有三种时态whilewhenwhenwhenAfter&beforen 1)He bought a house _ he sold/had sold his car.n 2)_ she went to the interview,she made/had made two journeys.afterBeforebefore的注意点n 1)_ I could explain,the cashier barked,“Cant you see there is a queue?Go to the end an

6、d wait your turn.”n 1)He hesitated long _ he choose a proper answer.n 2)It was a long time _ I got to sleep again.n 3)It wont be long _ you are of age.n 4)It looks as though it will snow _ long.n 7)Please think it over _ you decided to do anything.1.before 与can连用,表示”还来不及”2.before在主句后表示”就,才”It is+时间段

7、+before(时间之后,才)It is not long before(不久)before long(不久/一会儿以后)3.before 有时可以解释为”然后”Beforebeforebeforebeforebeforebeforesincen 1It is/hasbeen+时间段+since 自从以来，已经有时间了n e.g.It is/has been many weeks since we last met.n 2.请翻译以下两组句子n 1）He has visited me frequently since I was ill.n He has visited me frequent

8、ly since I have been ill.n 2)She has lived in Paris since she was married.n She has lived in Paris since she has been married.自从我病愈以来,他经常来看我.自从我病倒以来,他经常来看我.她离婚以来一直住在巴黎.她结婚以来一直住在巴黎.过去时表示、动作结束以来,完成时表示状态开始以来.till&until1)_ he returns,nothing can be done.2)-_ when are you staying?-_ next Friday.3)Not unt

9、il the war ended did they meet again.4)It was not until the game had begun that he arrived.句首与when 连用提问时,until放句首Not until 放在句首,主句的谓语结构要部分倒装not until的强调结构是”It is not until that.不要倒装UntilUntilUntil一就n 1.as soon asn 2.no soonerthan,hardly/scarcely/barely whenn 1)He_（arrive）than she started complaining

10、.n 2)The sun had hardly/scarcely/barely started to shine when it _(be clouded)over again.n No sooner或Hardly/Scarcely/Barely置句首时要部分倒装。n1)Hardly/Scarcely/Barely _(he arrive)when she started complaining.n 2)No sooner _(he go)to sleep than the telephone rang once more.n 3.the moment,the second,the insta

11、nt,the minute,n 4.directly,instantly,immediatelyhad no sooner arrivedwas cloudedhad he arrivedhad he gone（二）地点状语从句（where,wherever,everywhere,anywhere）n:Translation:n 1.有志者，事竟成。n 2 无论他去哪，he keeps in mind what his father has instructed him.n 3.Anywhere he traveled,he was impressed by the friendliness

12、and hospitality of the people.Where there is a will,there is a way!Wherever he goes,Where 到底引导的是地点状语从句还是定语从句？n 1.The Winter Olympic Games are always held where there is plenty of snow.n ()n 2.The Winter Olympic Games are always held in the countries where there is plenty of snow.()地点状语从句定语从句(三)条件状语从

13、句n If(如果),unless(除非)n as long as,so long as,on condition that,(只要)n suppose/supposing(that),provided/providing(that),(假如)n only if(只要),in case(万一),n given(the fact)that(倘若考虑到)练习n 1.Short hair styles make the face look longer,especially _there are curls on the top.n 2.Life continues _ the damage done

14、 to the body is too severe.n 3.There is hope _ life continues.n 4.Ill come _ John is invited,too.n 5._ the match is cancelled,what can we do for the weekend?Ifunlessas long asIn caseon condition thatonly if 与if only 区别n 1._ you practice English as much as possible,are you able to express yourself fr

15、eely.n 2._ thousands of innocent people had not been killed in the war.Only if 表示”只要”,引导陈述语气真实条件句,至于句首,主句要倒装if only表示”要是就好了”,引导虚拟语气非真实条件句,表达强烈愿望Only ifIf onlyIf 从句主句与现在事实不符与过去事实不符与将来事实不符If 从句 虚拟语气时态表格过去时didbe动词用were过去完成时had done过去时did/should do/were to dowould/should/could/might+dowould/should/could

16、/might+have donewould/should/could/might+do(四)原因状语从句语气（强到弱）意义用法词性位置because因为强调未知原因（1.回答why,2.强调句中3.与not连用4.only,simply,just5后不可再用so)从属连词前,后since既然表示已知的、显然的从属连词常前as由于表示已知的、显然的从属连词前,后for因为解释说明，常用于推断并列连词后有了because 不可有so.其他连接词还有now that(既然),considering(that)(考虑到),seeing(that)(既然),in that(在方面/因为)n1.He di

17、strusted me _ I was new.n 2._ you are going,I will go,too.n 3._ its raining,youd better take a taxi.n 4.It must have rained last night,_ the ground is wet.n 5._ you have come,you may as well stay.n 6._ he refused to help us,there is no reason why we should now help him.n 7.I like the city,but I like

18、 the country better _ I have more friends in the country.becauseSinceAsforNow thatSeeing thatin that(五)结果状语从句（so that,sothat,suchthat）和(六)目的状语从句(so that,suchthat,in order that,lest(以免),in case 和for fear that以防)n 区分so that引导的是目的状语从句（有might,may,can,could,should等情态动词）还是结果状语从句n e.g.1)Speak clearly so th

19、at they may understand you.()n 2)He got on the train late so that he found all the seats occupied.()目的状语从句结果状语从句 sothat 与suchthat 的区别n 1.so为副词，修饰adj.或adv.；Such 为形容词，修饰n.n 1)Debbie was _ excited that she could hardly keep still.n 2)They got _ a fright that they dropped the bag and ran away.n 2.当such后

20、的名词有形容词修饰时，注意：n 1）当such 修饰可数名词单数时可以和so转换。n e.g.She is such a lovely girl that everybody likes to talks to her.n =so lovely a girl thatn 2)当such 修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时，不可以用so代替。n e.g.It was such fine weather that we were all in a cheerful mood.n We now have such fast ways of traveling that this big ocean se

21、ems to have grown smaller.n 3.当名词前有表示数量的词many,few,little(少)或much修饰时只用so 不用such.n e.g.1)He has so few friends that he is often lonely.n 2)There is so much water in the Atlantic that it is hard to imagine how much there is.n 4.当 little 解释为小而不是少时，用suchn e.g.He is such a little boy that he cant stay at

22、home alone.sosuchSo that（放主句后）和in order that（放主句前后都可）区别n _ he might win a scholarship,he worked very hard.In order that(七)方式状语从句（可用虚拟as if,as though,(好象.仿佛)as(像,犹如,正如,the way）(just)asso 正如n 1It looks _ it is going to rain.n 2.The child talks _ he were a man.n 3.I want you to tell them your experienc

23、e exactly as you have told it to me.n 4.the way(that/in which)n e.g.Pay attention to your table manners.I dont like the way you eat soup.as ifas ife.g.As water is to fish,so air is to men.(八)让步状语从句（though,although,as,while,even if,even though,wh-ever,no matter+wh-,whetheror（不管/不论还是）,in spite of/desp

24、ite the fact that）1.Whether the language is learned quickly or slowly,it is hard work.2.Something inside your body is always going on whether you are aware of it or not.注意：从句一般不用将来时though,although,as 和while引导的让步状语从句注意点n 1 不能用but，但可以用still,yet,neverthelessn 2.though 能与even 连用，但although不可以n 3 Though引导

25、的让步状语从句可顺装也可倒装；n Although只可以顺装n as只能倒装n e.g.Clever though/as he is,he cant learn a language in a week.n =Although/Though he is clever,n 4.while用法同although,但while只能放于句首，且不可以倒装。wh-ever,no matter+wh-,区别n 1 引导让步状语从句可互换。n e.g.No matter who/Whoever you are,you are to obey the law.n 2.no matter+wh-只能引导让步状语

26、从句，不能引导名词性从句。n 3 wh-ever,结构中，wherever,whenever,however只能引导让步状语从句，而whoever,whatever,whichever还可以引导名词性从句。(九)比较状语从句（than,asas,not so/asas,the more the more）n 1).He is taller than I(am)/me.n 2).She likes pop as much as he(does)/him.n 3)The more a man learns,the more he sees his ignorance.n 4)The higher

27、the tree is,the stronger the wind is.比较可分几种n 1同级比较：as原级as,the same+表示度量的名词+asn e.g.1)He is about the same age as his cousin.n 2)She knew he felt just the same as she did.n 2.较高程度：比较级+than,the+adj.比较级+of+n.n 3.最高级：n 1）最。n（1）the+最高级+比较范围n（2）比较级+than+any other+名词单数n=比较级+than+any of the other+名词复数n=比较级+

28、than+anyone else/anybody else/anything else;n(3)比较级+than+any+名词单数（若比较双方不属于同一范围）n（4）否定词+as/soas;否定词+比较级n 2）最。之一n（1）among+形容词最高级+名词复数n（2）one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数有哪些词可以修饰表示比较的形容词或副词n 1.比较级rather,much,many,still,even,far,some,any,a bit,a little,a lot,a great deal（不可做定语）以及表示倍数的词或度量名词。n e.g.That is a much/f

29、ar more challenging job.n 2.最高级almost/nearly,much,very,by far,the next,the+序数词Q3：表示倍数的比较结构n A is twice/three times+bigger/longer/higher/wider/older/deeper+than Bn=A is three/four times+as big/long/high/wide/old/deep as Bn=A is three/four times+the size/length/height/width/age/depth+of Bn=B is one-th

30、ird/one fourth+the size+of A比较状语从句中避免重复n 1 than引导的从句中常省略与主句相同的部分。n e.g.Bill is taller than Bob(is).n 2.用do 代替n e.g.Now we speak more English than we did last term.n 3.从句中one,that 或those代替相应主句中的可数名词单数，不可数名词及可数名词复数注意事项是非题n 1.He is much cleverer than his brother.n 2.He is more cleverer than his brother

31、.n 3.The boy runs faster than any of the other members in his class.n 4.The boy runs faster than any other member in his class.n 5.The boy runs faster than any girl in his class.n 6.The boy runs faster than any member in his class.n 7.The population of Shanghai is larger than in I Beijing.n 8.I have

32、nt got as much money as I thought.n 9.She bought a nice as gift as she had the year before.状语从句注意事项n 1省略n 1)When(you are)in Rome,do as the Romans do.n 2)We will do that When/if(it is)necessary.n 2.as/since/while 可引导哪些状语从句？n As:时间,原因,比较,方式,让步n While:时间,让步n Since:时间,原因n 3.as far as引导状语从句表示程度，范围“至于。就。n

33、 e.g.1)就我所知，he has gone to town.n 2)I will help you 尽我所能。n3）就我来说，everything is going well.n 4.时态n 主将从现：在条件，时间和让步从句中，用一般现在时表示一般将来时，用现在完成时表将来完成时，用一般过去时表过去将来时。e.g.The house could fall down soon if no one_(do)some quick repair work.doesn 5.倒装状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况：否定词开头；n so 加 adj.开头；as/though引导的让步状语从句。6.搭配Although/though 不能与but 连用；但可与yet，still,nevertheless连用Because 不能与so连用；Unless 不能与or/otherwise 连用