高考英语一轮复习精品课件：MODULE2 THE RENAISSANCE（外研版版选修8）.ppt

1、选修8Module2 The Renaissance课程解读话题The Renaissance(文艺复兴）语法Review of non-finite verbs(复习非限定动词）课程解读重点词汇及拓展1.tax v.对征税，向课税2.flee v.逃跑，逃掉3.appeal v.恳求；呼吁4.seek v.寻找；寻求5.behalf n.方面；利益6.blame n.（对错事或坏事应负的）责任7.liberty n.自由；自由权8.passion n.激情，热爱9.disturbing adj.令人不安的disturb vt.打扰10.effect n.效果，作用effective adj.

2、有效的affect vt.影响11.motivate v.激发；激励motivation n.动力12.inspire v.鼓舞，激励inspiration n.灵感，启示inspiring adj.有灵感的，非常好的inspired adj.激励的，鼓励的13.profession n.职业professional adj.职业性的；职业化的14.gifted adj.有天赋的gift n.礼物课程解读重点短语1.in history历史上2.up to达到（某个数量）3.leave for动身去某地4.leave sth.behind把抛在后面5.appeal to恳请，呼吁6.on be

3、half of代表7.at liberty获得自由的重点句型1.It is believed to be the best example of a new lifelike style of painting that amazed people when it was first used.它被认为是一种新的形象逼真型绘画的最好代表，这种绘画风格一经使用就使人们惊叹不已。2.We spent the whole day walking.我们走了一整天。知识要点要点一单词1.effect n.C,U影响，后果，效果;印象；感触；作用，影响归纳拓展have an effect on/upon对

4、产生影响take effect见效，生效，实施go/come into effect开始生效;实施(无被动语态)put/bring/carry sth.into effect使生效in effect实际上；（规律、法律）生效，在实行中cause and effect因果知识要点be of no effect(=be useless)没有作用;无效例句：The medicine will soon come into effect.这种药很快就会见效。What he says has a great effect on his children.他的话对他的孩子们影响很大。Some ancien

5、t laws are still in effect.有些古代的法律现在仍然有效。知识要点【链接训练】The conference had been held to discuss the effects of tourism _ the wildlife in the area.A.inB.onC.atD.with【解析】考查固定短语have an effect on.“对产生影响”的用法。句意为：已经召开会议讨论了旅游对这个地区野生动植物的影响。【答案】B知识要点2.appeal vi.有吸引力；恳求，呼吁；诉诸；上诉n.吸引力；呼吁；上诉归纳拓展（1）appeal to sb.for s

6、th.恳求/呼吁/诉诸/求助某人appeal to sb./sth.（对某人/物）有吸引力；唤起；向呼吁，诉诸于/求助于appeal to sb.to do sth.恳请某人做某事appeal against sth.上诉（2）make an appeal to sb.向某人提出呼吁，引起某人的兴趣注意：appeal用作名词，通常与to或for连用；用作动词，通常与to或against连用。知识要点例句：The government is appealing to everyone to save water.政府呼吁人人节约用水。She appealed to the high court

7、against her sentence.她不服判决而向高等法院上诉。Bright colours appeal to small children.小孩子喜欢鲜艳的颜色。The poem we learned today makes an appeal to the emotions.我们今天所学的这首诗很具有感染力。知识要点【链接训练】As a result of the radio _ for help for the earthquake victims，over a million pounds have been raised.A.begB.pleadC.appealD.ask【解

8、析】beg“乞讨，乞求”；plead“向人求情或替人求情以求宽恕或同意”；ask“请求，要求”，三者皆为动词词性，且不合题意。而appeal可作名词，appeal for意为“呼吁”，正合题意。句意为：由于广播呼吁援助地震受害者，已经募集到100多万英镑。【答案】C知识要点3.suspect n.嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人；可疑分子vt.怀疑，疑心，猜想adj.可疑的，靠不住的归纳拓展（1）suspect sb.of doing sth.怀疑某人做了某事suspect sb./sth.to be.猜想某人suspect that-clause怀疑（2）suspicion n.猜疑；怀疑suspicio

9、n about sth./sb./that-clause疑心suspicious adj.有疑心的，表示怀疑的be suspicious about/of sth./sb.对某物/某人疑心；对某物/某人表示怀疑知识要点例句：She suspected him of giving false information.她怀疑他提供假情报。Most people dont，I suspect,realize this.我想大多数人是意识不到这一点儿的。I resent your suspicions about my motives.我讨厌你怀疑我的动机。知识要点【链接训练】The two men

10、were _ of receiving stolen property,which made their parents worried.A.suspectedB.doubtedC.arrestedD.blamed【解析】句意为：这两个男子被怀疑收受赃物，让他们的父母非常担心。suspect sb.of doing sth.“怀疑某人做某事”，此处用其被动形式。【答案】A知识要点4.seek vt.&vi.（sought，sought）搜寻，寻找，寻求；企图，试图（常跟不定式）归纳拓展seek after/for寻求；追求，寻找seek through找遍seek sb./sth.out挑选出

11、，物色；下决心找到seek sth.from sb.向某人寻求某物seek to do sth.(正式)试图做某事seek ones advice/help征求某人的意见/寻求帮助seek ones fortune寻找致富或成功之道知识要点例句：We must seek for/after a solution to the problem.我们必须找出解决问题的方法。They quickly sought to distance themselves from the protesters.他们迅速设法远离抗议者。I will seek my doctors advice.我将征求医生的意见

12、。知识要点【链接训练】Many young graduates devoted dozens of years to _ success in life.A.seekB.seekingC.searchD.searching【解析】在devote.to结构中，to为介词，故后需接doing形式，seeking相当于trying to find。D项若为searching for,则为正确答案。【答案】B知识要点5.blame vt.责备，指责，把归咎于n.埋怨，责备，责怪；责任归纳拓展（1）blame sb.for sth./doing sth.因为某事而责备某人/责备某人做了某事blame s

13、th.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame（for sth.）应（为）承担责任；该（为）受责备（此处不能用被动语态）（2）accept/bear/get/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任put/lay the blame for sth.on sb.将某事归咎于某人知识要点例句：Dont always blame your own failure on others.Sometimes you yourself are to blame.不要总把失败归咎于他人。有时该怪你自己。The report blames poor safety standards

14、 for the accident.报告把事故的原因归咎于安全标准低。The government will have to take the blame for the riots.政府将不得不对骚乱承担责任。知识要点诱导展望“对某事应负责任；应受指责”应译为be to blame for sth.，而学生易用被动语态。试译：绝不应该责备她。She is no way to blame.知识要点【链接训练】The managing director took the _ for the accident，although it was not really his fault.A.guilt

15、B.blameC.chargeD.accusation【解析】考查“take the blame for sth.对某事负责任”短语的用法。句意为：总经理对此次事故负责任，尽管那真的不是他的错。【答案】B知识要点Is it the driver or the passer-by _ is _for the accident?A.whom;to blameB.who;to be blamedC.that;to be blamedD.who;to blame【解析】空一处考查who/that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词driver or the passerby;空二考查blame的用法，blame

16、不用于被动语态，常用于短语be to blame for“为负责”。句意为：是司机还是行人应该为这起事故负责？综上，可知答案为D项。【答案】D知识要点要点二短语1.leave behind 遗留，遗忘；把抛在后面归纳拓展leave for动身去leave out省略leave sb.sth.=leave sth.to sb.遗赠（给某人），死后留下leave sb./sth.+n./adj./v.-ing/p.p./to do/介词短语使/让保持某种状态例句：It wont rain;you can leave your umbrella behind.不会下雨，你不必带伞了。The stor

17、m left a trail of destruction behind.暴风雨过后留下满目疮痍的景象。This word is wrongly spelt;youve left out a letter.这个词拼错了，你漏了一个字母。知识要点诱导展望“把忘/落在某地了”应用动词leave而不用forget。试译：我把手套忘/落在公共汽车上了。Ive left my gloves on the bus.【链接训练】When considering how to settle the problem，the most important factorweather，he had _.A.left

18、 outB.left behindC.left offD.left over【解析】句意为：在考虑解决问题的办法时，他把最重要的因素天气给忘记了。leave out“遗漏，省略”，符合题意。【答案】A知识要点2.on behalf of代表，为了的利益归纳拓展(1)on behalf of sb.=on sb.s behalfin behalf of sb.=in sb.s behalf（美语）二者都可表示“做某人的代表或代言人；为某人的利益；为了帮助某人”。(2)同义词或词组有：stand forrepresent 代表例句：On behalf of my colleagues and my

19、self,I thank you.我代表我的同事以及我自己向你表示谢意。She gave a piano recital in/on behalf of a charity.她为慈善机构举行了一场钢琴独奏会。The broker expressed thanks to the fans for their support on behalf of the star.经纪人代表明星向影迷们表达了支持的谢意。知识要点【链接训练】Mother Teresas efforts _ Calcuttas poor eventually brought her the Nobel Peace Prize.A

20、.in honour ofB.in place ofC.on behalf ofD.on account of【解析】句意为：德兰修女为加尔各答穷人所做的一切努力最终为她赢得了诺贝尔和平奖。on behalf of sb.“为了某人的利益”，符合题意。【答案】C知识要点3.take up归纳拓展(1)开始从事，开始对有兴趣(2)占据(时间、空间、注意力等)(3)着手处理，着手进行(4)拿起、举起、接受(建议或挑战)例句：Sorry to have taken up so much of your time.对不起，占了你这么多时间。All the soldiers took up their

21、arms and dashed at the enemies.所有的战士都拿起武器向敌人冲过去。I took up my first teaching post in 1995.1995年我走上了第一个教学岗位。Hes going to take this matter up with his lawyer.他将同他的律师一起着手处理此事。知识要点【链接训练】Obama,the first black president in American history,_ presidency on January 20th,2009.A.held upB.took upC.picked upD.se

22、t up【解析】考查动词短语辨析。hold up“延迟，阻碍”；take up“开始从事，占据”；pick up“捡起，拾起，加快速度”；set up“设置，创办”。句意为：奥巴马，美国历史上的第一任黑人总统，在2009年1月20日就任总统。【答案】B知识要点These teenagers dont know much of the world yet;thats why they were so easily _.A.taken upB.taken onC.taken inD.taken off【解析】take in意为“欺骗”。句意为：这些青少年对世界的了解还很少，这就是他们为什么如此容易

23、被欺骗的原因。【答案】C知识要点要点三语法非谓语动词非谓语动词，即动词的非限定形式，主要指在句中不能当谓语，而是充当其他语法功能的动词。非谓语动词有三种：动词不定式、动名词和分词（包括现在分词和过去分词），现在分词和动名词又统称为动词的ing形式，非谓语动词没有人称和数的变化，但是有语态和时态的变化，非谓语动词在句子中的作用以及各自的时态和语态的不同形式分别见下表：非谓语动词在句子中的作用：知识要点知识要点非谓语动词时态和语态的形式知识要点.作主语1.能作主语的非谓语动词，只有动词不定式和动名词。2.非谓语动词要注意以下几个问题：（1）形式主语的使用不定式作主语常用it作形式主语，动名词作主语

24、一般不用it作形式主语。但要注意下列系表结构中，动名词作主语可以用it作形式主语。It is no good/not any good/no use/not any use/a waste of time.等。例句：Its not much good expecting him to help.期待他帮忙没有多大的好处。知识要点（2）不定式逻辑主语的表达（for sb./of sb.）当作表语的形容词是修饰不定式动作时，不定式的逻辑主语用for sb.；当形容词修饰逻辑主语（人）本身时，不定式的逻辑主语用of sb.。注意：在下列情况中，只能用前者:无生命。太长或两个以上并列。不定代词、指示代

25、词或情景代词。there be结构。（3）动名词的逻辑主语，常用形容词性物主代词（人称代词宾格）/名词所有格+（not）+v.-ing，只要不在句首二者都可用。例句：His coming added to our joy.他的到来增加了我们的快乐。知识要点.作宾语1.动名词作宾语（1）作动词的宾语某些动词后只能用动名词作宾语。常见的此类动词及短语在前面单元的语法中已具体讲到过，故不再讲述。（2）作介词的宾语例句：We are thinking of making a new plan for the next term.我们正考虑为下学期制定新的计划。（3）作形容词的宾语例句：The musi

26、c is well worth listening to more than once.这种曲子很值得多听几遍。知识要点2.不定式作宾语在及物动词后常跟不定式作宾语的单词在前面已具体讲过，故不再赘述。注意：不定式作宾语时，有时用it替换，it为形式宾语，而将真正的宾语不定式后置。区别角度不定式动名词动作的发生待发生已发生动作发生的时间谓语动作之后谓语动作之前动作所指表特指（特定动作）表泛指（普通事实）所指的信息新信息已知信息逻辑主语句子的主语一致未定知识要点注意：不定式和动名词在作主语、宾语、表语时都可以从这几个方面去区别。动名词可以自由地作介词宾语，而不定式只能跟少数介词作宾语。如besid

27、es，but，except，instead of，rather than，save（除之外）等。其中besides，but，except，save前如果有行为动词do的形式，其后的不定式不带to，否则要带to。instead of，rather than后面的内容常和前面一致。但记住句型：prefer to do sth.ratherthan do sth.。注意：1.在这个问题上要注意作主语和宾语的非谓语动词动作之间的关系。如果主语和非谓语动词动作之间存在主动关系，就用不定式；如果是被动关系就用动名词（主动式）或不定式的被动式。这时主语往往是物不是人。知识要点2.如果主语和非谓语动词动作之间

28、存在被动关系，但主语是人，这时常常用不定式的被动式而不用动名词的主动式。例句：He wanted to be sent to the front with his brother.他想和他哥哥一起去前线。知识要点.作表语1.动名词作表语时句子主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。例句：Your task is cleaning the windows.=Cleaning the windows is your task.你的任务就是擦窗户。2.不定式作表语：不定式在系动词后面作表语。例句：At that

29、 time his job was to write reports for the newspaper.在那时，他的工作就是给报纸写报道。知识要点.作定语1.动名词（往往作前置定语），表示被修饰词的某种用途。例句：The doctor told me not to take sleeping pills.医生叫我不要服安眠药。2.不定式（往往构成短语作后置定语）（1）动宾关系（2）主谓关系（3）偏正关系（4）there be结构知识要点例句：She was the first woman to have been elected to such a post.她是第一个当选这个职务的女人。H

30、e is not a man to help others.他不是能帮助人的人。I have no chance to see the film.我没机会看这部电影。There is nothing to do.（强调人本身）我没事可干。（Im free now.）There is nothing to be done.（强调事本身）我没事可干。（Nothing can be done.Id like to do something but none.）知识要点3.分词（单个的分词作定语常置于被修饰的名词之前，构成短语常置于被修饰的名词之后）例句：What disappointing news

31、!多么令人失望的消息！She bought a computer produced in China.她买了一台中国产的电脑。注意：there be句型中的不定式作定语用主动或被动都可以。例句：There is no time to lose.=There is no time to be lost.时间很紧迫。但是在下列句子中，不定式主动与被动形式意义不同：知识要点例句：Have you anything to wash?有东西要洗吗？No，nothing.I plan to go shopping.没有，我打算去买东西。不定式动作的执行者是you。例句：Have you anything

32、to be washed?有东西要洗吗？No，thank you.没有，谢谢你。不定式动作的执行者不是you，相当于省略了（.to be washed）by me或by someone else。知识要点.作状语不定式目的、结果、原因、独立成分例句：They got up early in order not to/so as not to be late.为了不迟到他们起得很早。（目的）Im happy/pleased/surprised to see you.见到你我很高兴/满意/吃惊。（原因）To make a long story short，they came back safe.长

33、话短说，他们平安地回来了。（独立成分）分词时间、原因、伴随、结果、方式、条件等知识要点例句：Hearing the news，they jumped with great joy.听到这个消息，他们高兴得跳了起来。（时间）Tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.由于旅途劳累，他很快就睡着了。（原因）She sat at the desk，reading a newspaper.她坐在桌子边读报纸。（伴随）Millions of trees had been blown down by the typhoon，blocking roads，paths and

34、railways.上百万棵树被台风刮倒，阻塞了道路、小径和铁路。（结果）知识要点In Arab countries，people eat using the fingers of their right hands.在阿拉伯国家，人们用右手吃东西。（方式）Given more attention，the trees could have grown better.如果这些树被给予更多的关注，就会长得更好了。（条件）知识要点.作补语1.非谓语动词作宾补，表示反复性、经常性、一次性和未来意义，并且强调动作的全过程时，多用不定式。例句：I asked Tom to help me with my E

35、nglish.我请汤姆帮我学英语。2.非谓语动词作宾补，强调动作正在进行之中时，多用现在分词。例句：I saw him reading a novel.我看见他在看小说。3.非谓语动词作宾补，表示完成的动作、状态或表示被动意义的动作时，要用过去分词。例句：I found the mirror broken.我发现镜子碎了。知识要点.非谓语动词的否定形式非谓语动词的否定形式，要切记是直接在非谓语动词的前面加not。尤其要注意有逻辑主语的时候，很容易犯错误。如for sb.not to do sth.，his not coming等。知识要点【链接训练】At the beginning of cl

36、ass，the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom.A.opened and closedB.to be opened and closedC.being opened and closedD.to open and close【解析】考查非谓语动词。动词-ing形式作定语，名词desk 和动词 open 和 close 之间为被动关系，动词-ing形式表示动作正在进行。A项为过去分词，表示被动或完成；B项为不定式的被动语态，此结构表示将要发生的动作；D项为不定式主动形式，不表被动。动词-ing形式的被动语态表示正在进行的

37、动作或与谓语动词同时发生的动作，可用来作定语，复合宾语或状语，根据题意，选C。【答案】C知识要点I can hardly imagine the great trouble they will have to take _ their war-struck country.A.rebuildingB.rebuildC.to rebuildD.rebuilt【解析】句意为：我几乎无法想象他们重建被战争蹂躏的国家将付出的巨大努力。they will have to take是定语从句，修饰先行词trouble,构成take trouble to do sth.意为“付出努力做某事”，而to reb

38、uild their war-struck country是不定式作目的状语。【答案】C知识要点It remains _ whether Tom will be fit enough to play in the films.A.seenB.seeingC.to be seenD.to see【解析】句意为：汤姆是否适合在这部影片中出演角色还有待于观察。不定式的被动式表示将来，作remain后的表语。【答案】C知识要点_ out of work for a few months,the old man had to take up the job of repairing shoes.A.To

39、 beB.BeingC.Having beenD.Having【解析】句子的主语the old man与be out of work之间为主动关系，所以用-ing形式作状语；又根据for a few months可知，be out of work已持续了一段时间，故要用-ing形式的完成式作状语，选C。【答案】C知识要点Whats the matter with Tim?Oh.Tims cell phone was left in a taxi accidentally,never _ again.A.to findB.to be foundC.findingD.being found【解析】考查不定式表结果。never,only加不定式，常常表示与主观愿望相差很远的结果，又cell phone与find构成逻辑上的被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态，选B。【答案】BThank you!