高考英语写作常见语法错误分析课件.ppt

1、英语写作常见错误 1句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子成分多余 2 词性误用 3主谓不一致 4根据中文逐字硬译 5.名词可数与不可数的误用 6.介词to和不定式符号的混淆 7.动宾搭配不当 8.词组搭配错误 9综合性语言错误:有诸如时态，语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误1句子结构混乱，出现句子不完整或句子成分多余。句子不完整（Sentence Fragments）在口语中，交际双方可借助手势语气上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解可是书面语就不同了，句子结构不完整会令意思表达不清，这种情况常常发生在主句写完以后，笔者又想加些补充说明时发生例1There are large number of

2、 people die from the disasters.改为1：There are a large number of people who die from the disasters.改为2：There are a large number of people dying from the disasters.改为3：A large number of people die from the disasters.例2There is a fire happened/broke out.There was occurred a fire in Honghua Hotel.改为：A fi

3、re happened/broke out/occurred.例3She learn knowledge depend on herself.改为：She learns knowledge by herself.例4The driver of the red car was died on the spot.改为：The driver of the red car died on the spot.例5Helping others we also know the significance of life.改为：We also realize the significance of life

4、through helping others.例6The public service advertisement catch everyones eyes,enable us pay more attention about our lives and societies.改为：The public service advertisements catch everyones eye,which enables us to pay more attention about our lives and societies.例7The aging of population bring some

5、 problems,such as the lack of labor,seniors feel lonely and so on.改为：The aging of population brings about some problems,such as the lack of labor,seniors sense of lonelinessand so on.例8Children take care of the seniors should meet their material needs,but this is not enough,concerning their spiritua

6、l needs is more important.改为：When it comes to taking care of the seniors,children should meet their spiritual needs as well as material needs.例9When your opportunity coming,you attain success will be easier.改为：When your opportunity comes,it will be easier for you to attain success.2 词性误用(Misuse of P

7、arts of Speech)“词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用等例Its likely to success if you have confident,diligent and intelligence.改为1：You are likely to succeed if you have confidence,diligence and intelligence.改为2：Its likely that you will achieve success if you are confident,diligent and intelligent.改为3：It is

8、likely that you are on the way to success if you have confidence,diligence and intelligence.例2You cant success without your efforts.改为1：You cant succeed without your efforts.改为2：You cant obtain success without your efforts.改为3：You cant become successfulwithout your efforts.改为4：Success is no longer o

9、ut of reach with your great efforts.例3As the development of science and technology,-改为：With the development of science and technology,-/As the science and technology develop-例4I usually do some public services for free,trying my best to service for the public.改为：I usually do some public services for

10、 free,trying my best to serve the public.例5 The public service advertisement is benefit to us.改为1:The public service advertisement is beneficial to us.改为2:The public service advertisementbenefits us.改为3：The public service advertisement is of great benefit to us.改为4:We benefits a lot from the public

11、service advertisement.例6Some seniors were died because of without their childrens support.改为：Some seniors died for lack of their childrens support.例7The old man was hit by a car when he across the street.改为：The old man was hit by a car when he was crossing the street.例8The children are supposed to s

12、pare some time to company their parents.改为：The children are supposed to spare some time to accompany their parents.例9With the rapid development of economic,the conditions of our life is improving.改为：With the rapid development of economy,the conditions of our life are improving.例10They need economica

13、l concerned,but also mental concerned.改为：They need not only financial support,but also emotional support.例11With the development of the mordernsocial,more and more families prefer to have one child or even none,which cause the sum of the seniors has been increase quickly.改为：With the development of t

14、he modern society,an increasing number of families prefer to have one child or even none,which cause the rapid increase of the sum of the seniors.cause sth.cause sb.to do sth.例12The fire was because of the wrong of electricity.改为：The fire was due to electric fault.例13The cause of the fire includes p

15、eoples careless and dry weather.改为：The cause of the fire includes peoples carelessness and dry weather.例14Although I am not a specialize student of computer,I have enough knowledge about computer and I have ever take a part-time summer job as a sellman before.改为：Although I am not a computer major/a

16、student majoring in computer,I have enough knowledge about computer and I have ever taken a part-time summer job as a salesmanbefore.例15Many students choice go to the library in their spare time in order to get more knowledge.改为：Many students choose to go to the library in their spare time in order

17、to update their knowledge.3主谓不一致例There are too much thing we can do to protect our earth.改为：There are too many things we can do to protect our earth.例2The hard work/hard-working then achieve the success.改为1：Hard work then enables/helps us to achieve the success.改为2:We are bound to succeed through ha

18、rd work.例3Happy mind leads a long life.改为:With happy mind seniors will lead a long life.4根据中文逐字硬译例1:make us more perfect改为：improve ourselves/make us perfect/perfect ourselves例2If someones family situation is not well,he can apply for scholarship.改为：If ones family is not well off,he can apply for sch

19、olarship.例3 keep a good body health 改为：keep fit/healthy例4 Dormitory was happened to a fire.改为：A fire happened/broke out in a dormitory.例5 Students should hard to learn knowledge.改为1：Students should study the new knowledge diligently unceasingly.改为2：Students should study hard and learn a lot of knowl

20、edge.改为3：Students should strive to learn knowledge.例6 Students will take more times to study or not play.改为1：Students will take more time to study rather than play.改为2：Students will take more time to study instead of playing.改为3：Students will spend more time studying instead of playing.例7 I want in

21、the summer vacation concurrent job computer marketing work.改为:I want to apply for/look for/hunt for a concurrent/part-time jobconcerning computer marketing in the summer vacation.例8 Now I attend the university first grade in the college education scientific institute.改为:Now I am a freshman in Colleg

22、e /School of Education Science/Education and Science Institute.例9Although I do not have the related computer marketing work experience,but I believe that I may be competent this work.改为:Although I do not have the work experience related to/concerningcomputer marketing,I believe that I will be compet

23、ent for this work.例10Later we must even more pay attention to use electricity the security.改为:From now on we must more pay attention to electricity safety.5.名词可数与不可数的误用例1:Too much tests are disadvantage for students study.改为：Too many tests are disadvantageous to students.例2:In modern society,people

24、are under various pressures.改为：In modern society,people are under various kinds of pressure.6.介词to和不定式符号的混淆例1:Too many tests will do harm to cultivate our independent thinking.改为：Too many tests will do harm to the cultivation of our independent thinking.例2:All these contributed to solve the serious

25、problem.改为：All these contributed to the solution to the serious problem.7.动宾搭配不当例1:We must pay attention to it and make solutions of the problem.改为：We must pay attention andfind/figure out/work out a solution to the problem.例2:It also may help you to make success.改为：It may also help you succeed/obta

26、in your goal.例3:A strong will means never give up.改为：A strong will means never giving up.8词组搭配错误。例1The public service advertisement is to call saving water to keep the environment in balance.改为1:The public service advertisement is to call on the public to save water to keep the ecological balance /i

27、mprove earth environment.改为2:The public service advertisement is to appeal to the public to save water to keep the ecological balance /improve earth environment.例2Children are supposed to provide the seniors money,especially love and warm.改为1:Children are supposed to provide the seniors with money,e

28、specially love and warmth/care.改为2:Children are supposed to provide money,especially love and warmthfor the seniors.例3The government should take actions to concern our seniors.改为1:The government should take actions to be concerned about our seniors.改为2:The government should take actions to show conc

29、ern about our seniors.改为3:The government should take actions to care about/for our seniors.例4They should spent more time to talk with them and encourage them to join some cultural activities.改为:They should spend more timetalking with them,encouraging them to participate in some cultural activities.例

30、5There are various of scholarship for us to apply for.改为1:There are various scholarships for us to apply for.改为2:There are a variety of scholarshipsfor us to apply for.改为3:Various scholarships are available for students.例6Its believed that scholarship can help students improve their study and increa

31、se teaching quality.改为:Its believed that scholarships can help to improve students study and teaching quality.例7Scholarship can inspire the students study more hard/hardly.改为:Scholarships can inspire/encourage/stimulate/motivate the students to study harder.9综合性语言错误:有诸如时态，语态，标点符号，大小写等方面的错误。例1Take ca

32、re of the seniors is the societys moral as well as our duty.改为：Taking care of the seniors is the societys moral as well as our duty.例2The fire was so terrible that I be afraid to saw it.改为：The fire was so terrible that I was terrified/horrified /shocked/frightened to see it.使文章富有表现力的手段：1、使用有难度的词汇；2、

33、使用形容词修饰名词，用副词修饰动词或整个句子；3、使用被动语态；4、使用倒装句；(not only.but also.；only.)5、尽可能地使用名词，而不是习惯中的动词和形容词。写作的基本句式There be+主语+定语+状语.1.There must be(a variety of)reasons for this.2.There is no point in talking about it about again.(sense/use/good)3.There is no denying the fact that air pollution is an extremely seri

34、ous problem.4.There remains nothing(more)(to be done).5.There is a great change(produced in the worlds communications).6.There is something(you dont know).7.There are about 78%of the college students (wanting to further their study after their graduation).名词化结构1名词从句转换成名词短语That the women actively par

35、ticipate in public life causes the change of their role in the society.The womens active participation in public life-2.表语从句转换成名词短语 One of the positive effects of physical exercise is that it contributes directly to a persons physical health.-is its direct contribution to a persons physical health.3

36、由of 连接含有by 的名词短语That James Watt invented the steam enginestarted the Industrial Revolution in the 18th century.The invention of the steam engine by James Watt4.被动结构转换成名词It has been suggested that we should spare no effort 不遗余力to beautify our environment.A suggestion has been made that-5.副词与动词一起转换成名词

37、短语The computer is chiefly characterized by accuracy and quick computation.计算The chief characteristic of the computer is-6.介词短语与动词一起转换成名词短语The professor explained the theory of relativity to his students in detail.The professor gave his students a detailed explanation of-7.动词转换成介词短语Some problems are

38、being discussed.Some problems are under discussion.Exercise:1.He has breakfast quickly.2.As the science and technology develop,the peoples living standard is on the rise.3.There is still room for improving your work.4.What he said is brief and to the point.5.The money in itself is not importantto us

39、.Reference1.He has a quick breakfast.2.With the development of science and technology,the peoples living standard is on the rise.3.There is still room for improvement in your work.4.His words is brief and to the point.5.The money in itself is of no importance to us.平行结构1.名词平行The doctor recommended p

40、lenty of food,sleep and exercise.2.形容词平行Air travel is fast,safe and convenient.3.副词平行He always speaks English slowly and clearly.4.非谓语动词短语平行They waited for hours at the airport,reading and sleeping.5.动词平行Lucy and Lily lived,worked and studiedtogether.6.不定式平行 To go ice skating and to go skiing are po

41、pular winter sports in North china.7.动名词平行 My sister likes dancing,swimming and bicycling.8.从句平行 Because extra studies bring about unhealthy impacts on physical growth of the childrenand because extra studies deprive children of the time to play and communicate with their peers,we may safely draw th

42、e conclusion that it is absurd不合理的，荒谬的 to force children to take extra studies after school.Proof reading：1.To get a job you are satisfied with,it is not only depends on your ability,how to succeed in a job interview is also very important.2.Firstly,you should have a good appearance,tidy clothes,mak

43、ing hair well.3.Her speech is witty诙谐的,interesting and she plans it carefully.4.Her ideas were progressive and therefore adopted without doubts.Reference1.To get a satisfactory job not only depends on your ability,but also on a successful job interview.2.Firstly,you should have a good appearance,tid

44、y clothes,well-done hair.3.Her speech is witty诙谐的,interesting and carefully planned.4.Her ideas were progressive and therefore were adopted without doubts.物称表达法1.被动语态The question is supposed to be more complicated.(be thought,regarded,believed,estimated/evaluated)2.主语从句(1)It+be+adj.+thatIt is highly

45、 important that we reach a correct conclusion.(clear,obvious,likely,surprising,true)(2)It+be+V-ed+that It was pointed out that computer skills will enhance提高，增加 their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.(well-known,generally believed,admitted,universally held,reported,stated)(3)It link verb+thatIt appears that part-time job will provide the students with more opportunities to develop their interpersonal skills,which may put them in a favorable position in the future job markets.(seems,happens)