河北省平山县2016高考英语阅读理解一轮讲练（14）及答案.doc

1、阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A funny thing happened on the way to the communications revolution: we stopped talking to one another.I was walking in the park with a friend recently, and his cell phone rang, interrupting our conversation.There we were, walking and talking on a beautiful sunny

2、day andI became invisible, absent from the conversation.The telephone used to connect you to the absent.Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent.Why is it that the more connected we get, the more disconnected I feel? Every advance in communications technology is a tragedy to the closeness

3、 of human interaction.With email and instant messaging over the Internet, we can now communicate without seeing or talking to one another.With voice mail, you can conduct entire conversations without ever reaching anyone.If my mom has a question, I just leave the answer on her machine.As almost ever

4、y contact we can imagine between human beings gets automated, the alienation(疏远) index goes up. You cant even call a person to get the phone number of another person anymore.Directory assistance is almost always fully automated.I am not against modern technology.I own a cell phone, an ATM card, a vo

5、icemail system, and an email account.Giving them up isnt wise, theyre a great help to us.Its some of their possible consequences that make me feel uneasy.More and more, I find myself hiding behind email to do a job meant for conversation, or being relieved that voice mail picked up because I didn t

6、really have time to talk.The industry devoted to helping me keep in touch is making me lonelier, or at least facilitating my antisocial instincts.So Ive put myself on technology restriction: no instant messaging with people who live near me, no cellphoning in the presence of friends, no letting the

7、voice mail pick up when Im at home.1Which of the following would be the best title of the passage? A.The Advance of Communications TechnologyB.The Consequences of Modern Technology C.The Story of the Communications RevolutionD.The Automation of Modern Communications 2The sentence “Now it makes peopl

8、e sitting next to you feel absent” means that _. Athe people sitting beside you have to go away to receive phone call Byou can hardly get in touch with the people sitting beside you Cmodern technology makes it hard for people to have a facetoface talk Dpeople can now go to work without going to the

9、office3The writer feels that the use of modern communications is _. AsatisfyingBencouraging Cdisappointing Dembarrassing4The passage implies that _. Amodern technology is bridging people Bmodern technology is separating people Cmodern technology is developing too fast Dmodern technology is interrupt

10、ing our communication5What does the underlined word “facilitating” mean?A加深 B限制 C帮助 D装备【要点综述】 本文主要论述现代技术的消极影响现代技术的使用在疏远人与人之间的距离。1. B主旨大意题。本文主要论述了现代技的影响。2. C句意理解题。第一段作者提出：通讯革命使我们不再面对面地交谈；第二段作者举自己生活的一例来予以说明； 第三段作者感慨“Now it makes people sitting next to you feel absent”，即其意应为：现在技术使人们很难有面对面的交谈。故选C项。3. D推

11、理判断题。根据第五段可知，作者并不反对现代技术，也认为它极有帮助，只是某一些结果让他感到不安，比如第二段中他所举的生活例子。由此判断他会认为使用现代技术有时令人感到尴尬，故选D项。4. B推理判断题。根据第四段可推断现代技术正在疏远人们之间的关系，故选B项。5. A词义猜测题。画线词所在的这一段主要在讲述现代技术对他的消极影响，因此他才决定限制自己对现代技术的使用。由此判断画线词应意为“加深”，即：加重他的不爱交际的天性。故选A项。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Plants cant communicate by moving or making s

12、ounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds, chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flowers sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees. Plants can also detect volatile compounds pr

13、oduced by other plants. A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs awayor even chemicals that attract the bugs natural enemies. Now scientists ha

14、ve created a quick way to understand what plants are saying:a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The“e-nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when theyre attacked. Scientists say the e-nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only w

15、ay to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses, enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants. The research team worked with an e-nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react

16、with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e-nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software. To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists col

17、lected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch(打孔器). The e-nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber, peper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they

18、produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damageby insects or with a hole punchhad been done to the tomato leaves. With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly

19、spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe

20、, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future. 1. We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by.A. making some soundsB. waving their leavesC. producing some chemicals D. sending out electronic signals2. What did the scientists do to find out if

21、 the e-nose worked? A. They presented it with all common crops.B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.C. They collected different damaged leaves.D. They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves.3. According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e-nose is that it can.A. pick out ripe fr

22、uits B. spot the insects quicklyC. distinguish different damages to the leaves D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves4. We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose.A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers B. is not yet used in greenhousesC. is designed by scientists at Purdue D. is helpful i

23、n killing harmful insects【参考答案】14、CDCB【陕西省西工大附中2014第七次适应性训练】阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。A team of British surgeons has carried out Gazas（加沙）first organ transplants for a long-term plan to train local medical staff to perform the operations. Two patients underwent kidney（肾脏）tran

24、splants at the Shifa, Gazas biggest public hospital. The operations were conducted a fortnight ago by a volunteer medical team from the Royal Liverpool hospital. Ziad Matouk, 42, was born with one kidney and was diagnosed with renal failure（肾衰竭）several years ago. Matouk, whose wife donated one of he

25、r kidneys, hopes to return to his job within six months. The couple had sought a transplant in Cairo, but were rejected as unsuitable at a state hospital and could not afford the fee at a private hospital. “We were desperate,” said Matouk. The UK-Gaza link-up began about a year ago after Abdelkader

26、Hammad, a doctor at the Royal Liverpool hospital, was contacted by an anaesthetist（麻醉师）at the Shifa, who outlined the difficulties the Gaza hospital was facing with dialysis（透析）. The Shifa is forced to rely on generators because of power cuts; spare parts for its ageing dialysis machines have been d

27、ifficult to import; and supplies of consumables are often scarce. After an exploratory trip last April, Hammad-whose family is Palestinian-and three colleagues from Liverpool arrived in Gaza via Egypt last month, bringing specialist equipment. Two patients were selected for surgery. The first, Moham

28、med Duhair, 42, received a kidney donated by his younger brother in a six-hour operation. Two days later, Matouk received a transplant after his wife, Nadia, 36, was found to be a good match. The surgeon was carried out by the British team, assisted by doctors and nurses from the Shifa. “We are very

29、 satisfied with the results,” said Sobbi Skaik, head of surgery at the Gaza hospital. Skaik hopes that Gaza medical teams will eventually carry out kidney transplants independently, and that other organ transplants may follow. The Shifa is working with the Gaza ministry of health on a plan to train

30、its doctors, surgeons, nursing staff and laboratory technicians in transplant surgery at the Royal Liverpool. “Funding is a problem,” said Hammad. “In the meantime well go back as volunteers to Gaza for the next couple of years to do more transplants.” The Liverpool teams next visit is scheduled for

31、 May. 49. What effect does Gazas first organ transplants hopes to get? A. Helping poor Gaza people to regain health to make more money. B. Releasing Gaza hospitals pressure of lack of professional doctors. C. Assisting the Royal Liverpool hospital in perfecting their operations. D. Calling for inter

32、national attention at Gazas poor medical service. 50. Why did the state hospital refuse to practice surgeon for Ziad Matouk? A. Because he couldnt afford the fee at a public hospital. B. Because the hospital didnt accept dangerous patients. C. Because they couldnt find a matched organ. D. Because hi

33、s condition was untreatable. 51. What is the beginning of the cooperation between the Royal Liverpool hospital and Gaza? A. A UK doctor contacted Gaza hospital. B. The Shifa imported medical machines from UK. C. Ziad Matouks condition seemed to get worse. D. A Shifa doctor turned to Royal Liverpool

34、hospital for help. 52. What did Dr. Hammad and his team do recently? A. They had an exploratory trip in Egypt last April. B. They carried out surgeries to test Gazas medical equipment. C. They carried out two transplant surgeries in Gaza. D. They sought assistance from the hospital of the Shifa. 【参考

35、答案】49-52. BCDC 广告应用型阅读理解 专题导读广告英语与普通英语存在许多差异，广告具有鲜明的目的性，即说服顾客进行购买，这种目的性决定了其语言的特色和风格，使其独立于其他文体。广告的题材包括旅游、招聘、生活指南、通知告示、使用规则、注意事项、商品说明等。其语言特点是人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、独词句、祈使句、省略句多；词汇较偏僻，语言不规范，结构不完整。此类文章主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断能力的考查，题目设置较容易。答题时没有必要把每一句都弄得清清楚楚，只要重点理解与题目有关的信息就可以了。做这类题时没有必要阅读

36、全文，宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容。这样在阅读中可以有重点地、有针对性地去读，冗余无效的信息可以略读甚至不读。在阅读时要特别留意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或至少是一部分内容的概括。真题典例【2011江西卷】Winners ClubYou choose to be a winner!The Winners Club is a bank account specially designed for teenagers.It has been made to help you better manage your money.The

37、Winners Club is a transaction account(交易账户)where you receive a keycard so you can get to your money 24/7thats 24 hours a day, 7 days a week!Its a club with impressive features for teenagers： No account keeping fees!Youre no millionaire so we dont expect you to pay large fees.In fact, there are no ac

38、count keeping or transaction fees! Excellent interest rates!You want your money to grow.The Winners Club has a good rate of interest which gets even better if you make at least two deposits(储蓄)without taking them out in a month. ConvenientTeenagers are busywe get that.You may never need to come to a

39、 bank at all.With the Winners Club you can choose to use handy tellers and to bank from home using the phone and the Internet.You can have money directly deposited into your Winners Club account.This could be your pocket money or your pay from your parttime job! Mega magazine includedAlong with your

40、 regular report, you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.There are also fantastic offers and competitions only for Winners Club members.The Winners Club is a great choice for teenagers.And it is so easy to join.Simply fill in an application form.You will h

41、ave to get permission from your parent or guardian(so we can organize that cool keycard)but it is easy.We cant wait to hear from you.Its the best way to choose to be a winner!()1.The Winners Club is a bank account intended for_.AparentsBteenagersCwinners Dadults()2.Which of the following is TRUE abo

42、ut the Winners Club?ASpecial gifts are ready for parents.BThe bank opens only on work days.CServices are convenient for its members.DFees are necessary for the account keeping.()3.The Winners Club provides magazines which_.Aencourage spendingBare free to all teenagersCare full of adventure storiesDh

43、elp to make more of your money()4.If you want to be a member of the Club，you must_.Abe an Internet userBbe permitted by your parentChave a big sum of moneyDbe in your twenties()5.What is the purpose of this text?ATo set up a club.BTo provide parttime jobs.CTo organize keycards.DTo introduce a new ba

44、nking service.【解析】本文为广告，介绍了一种针对十几岁的青少年的存款账户，重点介绍了该账户的几个优点。1B细节理解题。从第一段第一句话即可得知答案为B。2C推理判断题。从Convenient一段可知the Winners Club的服务对于它的成员来说是方便的，不需要去银行，在手机或网络上就可以操作。3D细节理解题。从文中信息句you will receive a FREE magazine full of good ideas to make even more of your money.可知答案为D。4B细节理解题。从文中信息句And it is so easy to jo

45、in.Simply fill in an application form.You will have to get permission from your parent or guardian.理解得知，如果十几岁的青少年要加入该俱乐部必须取得父母或监护人的同意。5D推理判断题。本文介绍了一种针对青少年的存款账户，重点介绍了该账户的几个优点。阅读理解。SYDNEYAustralias economic boom is encouraging a steady stream of unexpected visitors looking for work: Americans.U.S. cit

46、izens are heading to Australia in small but growing numbers as near-10% unemployment at home drives more to look for jobs Down Under, where Chinas thirst for iron ore (矿石) and energy is transforming the Pacific nation into an economic powerhouse.A bricklaying student from Silver Trowel, a leading pr

47、ovider of quality education and training in the building and construction industry, apprentices (当学徒) on a building project in Western Australia, where workers are in short supply.Daniel Davila, a 23-year-old floorer from Camarillo, California made the 14-hour move across the Pacific two years ago.

48、He had been forced to take a job stocking shelves at a local grocery store for $8.90 an hour when he couldnt get work fixing floors.On a good day in Australia, he now makes as much as 50 Australian dollars (US$50.21) an hourabout twice the amount for a typical flooring job in the U.S. He plans to st

49、art his own flooring business. “I can make what I did in a week in the U.S. in less than a day here,” said Mr. Davila, who lives near a mining boom town in Western Australia.Australian government figures show just under 7,000 Americans currently working on long-term visas, an 80% jump over the past

50、five years. U.S. citizens are now the third-largest group applying for so-called 457 work visas, after British and Indian nationals. Americans with degrees in areas such as accounting or mine engineering, as well as other skilled workers, can obtain a nonrenewable(不可续期的) permit for as much as a thre

51、e-year stay. After that, they can apply for the renewable 457, which allows up to a four-year stay. The need for workers is particularly pressing in Western Australia. The mining states unemployment rate was 4.5% in November, below the national average of 5.2%. Drivers of heavy trucks can pull in si

52、x-figure salaries while experienced crane (起重机) operators can earn hundreds of thousands a year. Attracting skilled workers is a shift for Australia, which historically sent many of its most highly educated to the U.S. and Europe, according to migration data.8. _, a growing number of Americans go to

53、 work in Australia. A. As a result of the encouragement of AustraliaB. As a result of high unemployment in the U.S.C. Out of their ambition of finding valuable resourcesD. Out of their determination to realize their dreams9. It can be inferred from the passage that 457 work visas are _. A. for skill

54、ed workers in some fieldsB. for students on the building projectC. especially for American workers D. especially for those out of work10. It is implied in the passage that _. A. foreigners have to give up their original professional jobs when working in AustraliaB. it is possible for foreigners to e

55、arn more money in Australia than in their own countriesC. there are more U.S. citizens hoping to work in Australia than from other countries D. Australians think it fair to exchange their talent with American skilled workers11. In which of the following cities are workers probably most needed?【参考答案】

56、811、BAB D阅读理解-DScientists have long understood the key role that oceans play in regulating the Earths climate. Oceans cover 70 percent of the globe and store a thousand times more heat than the atmosphere does. Whats newer is the understanding of how this key component of our climate system responds

57、 to global warming.A brake on global warmingfor nowOne of the oceans most important climate functions is absorbing heat and carbon dioxide (CO2), one of the gases that cause global warming. Acting as a heat sponge (海绵), the oceans have absorbed huge amounts of heat and CO2 in the last forty years.Fu

58、jita explains that “the oceans are saving us from faster climate changethey are a big flywheel that delays rapid overheating of the earth, putting a brake on the climate system.”“Thats the good news,” he adds. “The bad news is that the oceans only slow the atmospheric warming. Once the oceans come t

59、o balance with a greenhouse-gas warmed earth, the extreme heat will remain in the atmosphere and things will get much hotter.” But where and how the oceans release this accumulated (积累) heat is uncertain. And as the ocean stores heat, fragile underwater ecosystems are struggling.The most recent scie

60、ntific report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) alsonotes with concern that the ocean is acidifying because of increased absorption of atmospheric CO2, and thus causing a threat for shell-forming species. Sharp increases in carbon dioxide levels will cause further acidificati

61、on of the ocean. Currents distributing heatAnother important role the oceans play is that of distributor. Oceans deliver heat and life-sustaining nutrients around the globe. Just as blood vessels bring oxygen and nutrients to cells in the human body, the oceans currents carry oxygen, nutrients and h

62、eat throughout the Earth. The ocean distributes 25 to 50 percent of the energy the planet receives from the sun. For example, the Gulf Stream carries heat across the Atlantic. This warm current gives northwestern Europe a milder climate than it would normally have so far north. A change to the ocean

63、s circulation (循环) patterns could throw Europe into a colder period, even as the rest of world experiences warmer temperatures. 12. We can infer from the passage that _.A. the oceans cause global warming B. the oceans stop global warmingC. the oceans release nutrientsand heat D. the ocean ecosystems

64、 face more dangers13. From the passage we can learn that the oceans currents _.A. produce oxygen and nutrients everywhere B. absorb 2550% of the energy from the sunC. distribute heat and nutrients aroundD. change the oceans circulation patterns14. Which of the following is NOT the result of the ocea

65、n absorbing heat and carbon dioxide?A. It causes further acidification.B. It affects shell-forming species.C. It makes the atmosphere hotter.D. It regulates the Earths climate. 15. This passage mainly talks about _.A. the roles of oceans B. global warming C. ocean currents D. carbon dioxide【参考答案】1215、DCCA