2021-2022学年新教材人教版英语必修第一册学案：UNIT 5 LANGUAGES AROUND THE WORLD 教学知识细解码 WORD版含解析.DOC

1、1refer vi.提到；参考；查阅vt.查询；叫求助于reference n指称关系；参考2base vt.以为据点；以为基础n.底部；根据based adj.以(某事)为基础的；以为重要部分(或特征)的3vary vt.& vi.使多样化；变化variety n(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化various adj.不同的；各种各样的4globe n球体；地球仪；地球global adj.全球的；全世界的5appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi.增值appreciation n欣赏；感激；感谢6equal n同等的人；相等物 adj.相同的；同样的equally ad

2、v.相同地；同样地equality n平等7describe vt.& vi.描述；描写description n描写(文字)；形容1major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究Li Ming wants to major in physics at college.主修Environment protection is a major event.重要的He is a major in French at Stanford.主修学生2character n文字；符号；角色；品质；特点An unhappy childhood may have some

3、negative effects on a persons character; however, they are not always permanent.性格By opening a novel, I can leave behind my burdens and enter into a wonderful and mysterious world where I am now a new character. 角色The whole character of the village has changed since the last time I was here.特点Last n

4、ight，I had an interesting dream. In the dream I accidentally got a magic pen with which I could write beautiful Chinese characters.文字3specific adj.特定的；明确的；具体的 n细节；详情Is this game meant for a specific age group？特定的He gave us very specific instruction.明确的I cant go into specifics，but I can tell you that

5、 we have an agreement.细节Words and Phrases知识要点1nativeadj.出生地的；本地的；土著的n本地人(教材P60) How many billion people speak the UNs official languages as their native or second language?有多少亿人把联合国的官方语言作为他们的母语或第二语言？例1As a matter of fact，French is not my native language.事实上，法语不是我的母语。例2Is her uncle a native of Shangh

6、ai，or just a visitor?她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客？知识拓展(1)sb.s native country/land/language某人的祖国/故乡/母语be native to 原产于(2)be a native of. 的人；生长于的动物或植物即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子During their visit to that country，they communicated with natives (native)there happily.The researcher says the tiger is native to India.You can te

7、ll from his blue eyes that he isnt_a_native_of China.你可以从他的蓝眼睛看出他不是中国本地人。小片段填空French is not my native tongue.Im a native of this place.(native)知识要点2refer to指的是；描述；提到；查阅(教材P60)Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.代词指的是前面提到的某件事或某个人。例1You can refer to my notes if you review what yo

8、u have studied.你如果复习你所学功课的话，可以参考我的笔记。例2The regulations refer only to children.这些规定只适用于儿童。知识拓展(1)refer to.as.把称作(2)reference n. 言及；提及；参考；查阅即学即练写出下列句中黑体部分的含义No one referred to the matter again.提及When I said some people were stupid I wasnt referring to you.指的是The new law does not refer to land used for

9、 farming.有关；适用于If you dont know the exact meaning of the word，you may refer to the dictionary.查阅People refer to Wuyuan as one of the most beautiful village in China.把称作是知识要点3base vt.以为据点；以为基础 n底部；根据(教材P62)At the beginning，written Chinese was a picturebased language.起初，书写汉语是一种基于图画的语言。例1Please do reme

10、mber that success is based on hard work.请一定要记住，成功基于艰苦的努力。例2He used the house as a base for his printing business.他把房子用作印刷业的基地。知识拓展(1)base.on/upon把建立在的基础上be based on/upon 以为基础/依据(2)basis n. 基础，主要成分(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的(4)based adj. 以为基础的，以为重要部分的即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译We always base our idea on/upon facts.The

11、 suggestion was made on the basis(base) of secondhand information.The right to work is a basic(base) right of the citizens.这家餐厅以信任为基础，运转良好。aThe restaurant is_based_on_trust,_and it is working all right.bBased_on_trust,_the restaurant is working all right.小片段填空Based on the different technologies，tea

12、is divided into three basic types.(base)知识要点4date back(to.)追溯到(教材P62)It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu.它可以追溯到数千年前使用龙骨的时期例1As far as I know，the old town dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.据我所知，这个古老的城镇可追溯到初唐时期。例2There is a wooden tower dating back to the Qing Dynasty in

13、the village.村子里有一座清朝的木塔。知识拓展(1)date back todate from追溯到(2)out of date 过时的， 陈旧的(3)up to date 最新的，最近的名师点津(1)date from与date back to都用主动语态，不用被动语态和进行时态，但可用动词ing形式作定语、补语、状语等。(2)谈论现存的物品或建筑物时，虽然这一事物建造于过去某一时期，但date from和date back to却用一般现在时。即学即练单句语法填空/一句多译Our friendship dates(date) back to 1960.A lot of new w

14、ords go out of date very quickly.I am very up to date on this sort of thing because I listen to the news.追溯到唐朝的古老建筑保存得很好。aThe old building dating_from/back_to the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.b. The old building which dates_from/back_to the Tang Dynasty is in good condition.知识要点5variety n(植物、语言

15、等的)变体；异体；多样化(教材P62)Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.随着时间的推移，书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为那时人们居住在不同的地理区域，导致了多种方言和文字的形成。例1In my free time，Id like to take exercise，such as swimming，ru

16、nning and a variety of ball games.在业余时间， 我喜欢锻炼， 例如：游泳、跑步和各种各样的球类运动。例2Susans idea of freedom was to have variety in her life style.苏珊心目中的自由就是拥有多样的生活。知识拓展(1)a variety ofvarieties of多种多样的(2)various adj. 不同的；各种各样的for various reasons 由于种种原因(3)vary vt.&vi. 使多样化；变化vary from.to. 从到不等；在到之间变动即学即练单句语法填空The aut

17、hor gave various(vary) resons for having written the book.We have varieties(variety) of flowers in our garden.Teaching methods vary greatly from school to school.小片段填空A wide variety of activities have been offered to various students after class in the last three months.These activities vary from pl

18、aying table tennis to playing chess.(vary)知识要点6means n方式；方法；途径(教材P62) Written Chinese has also become an important means by which Chinas present is connected with its past.书写汉语也成为联系中国现在与过去的一种重要形式。例1There is no doubt that WeChat is an important means of communication.毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具。例2Students buil

19、d up their vocabularies by means of reading.学生通过阅读的方法增加词汇量。知识拓展(1)a means of communication一种通讯/交流工具(2)by this means 通过这种方法by means of 用办法；借助by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子Every possible means has_been_tried (try)，but none has worked.All possible means have_been_tried (try)，but none

20、 has worked.The firefighters put out the big fire by_means_of (借助)this scientific method.By_no_means (绝不)can you give up when you are in trouble.知识要点7regard n尊重；关注vt.把视为；看待(教材P62)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known

21、as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.中国人对中国书写体系的高度重视体现在汉字的发展中，汉字作为一种艺术形式，被熟知为中国书法，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。例1I regard this novel as one of the best one I have ever read.我认为这是我读过的最好的小说中的一部。例2My roommate shows little regard for others.我的室友很少关心别人。知识拓展(1)regard/consider.as

22、.认为是(2)have high/no regard for. 高度关注/无视with/in regard to sth. 关于某事give ones regards to sb. 向某人致意；代向某人问候(3)regarding prep. 关于，至于即学即练单句语法填空No one showed the least regard to/for his feelings.The giant panda is regarded as the symbol of Chengdu.If you ever see George, give him my kind regards (regard)Th

23、e government has declared its strong position regarding (regard) the prevention of river pollution.知识要点8appreciate vt.欣赏；重视；感激；领会vi.增值(教材P62) As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through

24、this amazing language.随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。例1Many people cant fully appreciate the importance of regular exercise.许多人没有充分认识到定期锻炼的重要性。例2I would appreciate you calling back this afternoon. I would appreciate it if you could call back this afternoon.如果今天下午你能回电话，我将不胜感

25、激。知识拓展(1)appreciaten./pron./v.ing重视/感激I would appreciate it if. 假如，我将不胜感激(2)appreciation n. 欣赏；感激即学即练单句语法填空/完成句子I appreciate being_given (give) the opportunity to work in your company two years ago.I greatly appreciate your bringing (bring) me so much enjoyment.Here I sincerely express my appreciati

26、on (appreciate) if you could give me some advice on how to learn English.Id_appreciate_it_if you let me know whether you are free in advance.如果你提前告知我你是否有空我将不胜感激。小片段填空Have you ever dreamed of performing in front of thousands of people at a concert，at which everyone is clapping and appreciating your m

27、usic？This appreciation surely can motivate you to do your best.(appreciate)Sentence Patterns重点句式1“of抽象名词”结构(教材P62)That writing system was of_great_importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.该书写体系对于统一中国人民和中国文化都具有重要意义。句式分析of great importance属于“of抽象名词”结构，相当于very important。例1What you are sayin

28、g is of no interest(not interesting) to me.你说的话让我提不起兴趣。例2His opinion is considered to be of great value(very valuable)大家一致认为他的观点很有价值。知识拓展(1)名词是use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit/necessity等时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词，这类名词前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。(2)名词是age/shape/colour/size/kind/type/p

29、rice/height/depth/width/length/weight等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，这类名词前可用the same，different，good等修饰。即学即练句型转换/完成句子Smoking is of no benefit to you.Smoking is not_beneficial to you.This line is as long as that one.The two lines are of_the_same_length.I feel happy that the work Im doing is of_much_value.我很高兴，我做的这项工

30、作非常有价值。Your skirt is of_the_same_size with mine but of_different_colours.你的裙子和我的裙子大小相同但颜色不同。These flags are of_different_colours.这些旗帜颜色不同。Having the answers ready will_be_of_great_help.准备好答案会很有帮助。重点句式2no matter where/what.引导让步状语从句(教材P62)Even today，no_matter_where Chinese people live or what dialect

31、they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.即使在今天，不论住在哪里，也不论说何种方言，中国人都仍能通过书写(文字)进行交流。句式分析No matter how/what/when.，引导让步状语从句。例1No matter how difficult the problem is，we should not lose heart.无论问题有多难，我们都不应该丧失信心。例2No matter what/Whatever you say，I wont believe you any longer.无论你说什么，我再也不相信你了。知识拓

32、展(1)no matter how意为“不管；无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however。(2)“no matter特殊疑问词(如who/what/where/when等)”均可引导让步状语从句，可与特殊疑问词ever等词互换。(3)“疑问词ever”可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。即学即练句型转换/完成句子However late it is, his mother is always waiting for him.No_matter_how_late_it_is，his mother is always waiting for him.Whoever/No_matter_

33、who_you_are，you must obey the law.不论你是谁，你必须遵守法律。I would like to read whichever_book_you_recommend.无论你推荐哪本书，我都想读。1China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times，despite the many ups and downs in its history.分析本句为复合句，which引导定语从句，修饰civilisat

34、ion；despite是介词，构成介词短语作状语。译文尽管在历史上经历了多次盛衰，但一直延续至今的古老文明让中国闻名世界。2Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.分析本句主句为：the_system_developed_into_different_forms;_as引导原因状语从句， 原因状语从句包含

35、一个when 引导的定语从句， 修饰先行词time；leading to many varieties of dialects and characters为v.ing作结果状语。译文随着时间的推移，书写体系发展成不同的形式，因为那时人们居住在不同的地理区域，导致了多种方言和文字的形成。教材高考1.At the beginning，written Chinese was a picturebased language.The beauty of rereading lies in the idea that our bond with the work is based on our pres

36、ent mental register.(2020全国卷)2.It dates back several thousand years to the use of longguanimal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people.Orange trees are more than decoration; they are a symbol of good fortune and wealth.(2020全国卷)3.I must make my request longerand I mus

37、t make it a question，not a demand.Those who had held mentally stimulating(刺激)，demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests.(2020浙江卷).单句语法填空1. Youd better learn some basic (base) Chinese before you come to our school.Only in this way can you get used to the life here soon.2Did

38、you enjoy yourself last night?Yes. I appreciate being_invited (invite) to your birthday party.3As a result，we often take part in varieties (various) of afterschool activities.4Chinese writing was first done by carving (carve) symbols on bones and shells. 5Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and sw

39、imming，is_regarded (regard) as one of the best forms of exercise.6We need to hold back global (globe) warming and prepare for its bad effects.7Sometimes I enjoy playing (play) the piano，but sometimes I find it really boring.8All possible means will be_tried (try) to find a way to settle the problem.

40、9What is your attitude towards/to senior high students taking up a parttime job?10As is known to us，the panda is native to China.短语填空ups and downs，of great importance，based on，a number of，date back to，refer to，varieties of，by means of，regarded as，according to1Its of_great_importance to study English

41、 well.2The company has undergone many ups_and_downs.3Varieties_of books are being sold at this bookshop.4The marathon race_dates_back_to a war between the Persian Empire and the Greeks.5This novel is based_on historical facts.6I was not referring_to her when I said so.7A_number_of students are plant

42、ing trees on the hill.8The teacher explained the problem by_means_of an example.9He was later regarded_as a sea god by the people in Fujian and Taiwan.10They both played the game according_to the rules.课文语法填空The main reason 1.why Chinas ancient civilisation has continued all the way through into mod

43、ern times has been the Chinese writing system.At the beginning，written Chinese was a picturebased language，which 2.dates (date)back several thousand years to the use of longgu.Symbols 3.were_carved (carve)on animal bones and shells by ancient Chinese people.Over the years，there was 4.a time when the

44、 Chinese people were divided geographically，5.leading(lead) to many varieties of dialects and characters.Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states 6.into one unified country，making the Chinese writing system begin to develop in one direction.It was of great 7.importance (important)in uniting

45、 the Chinese people and culture.People in modern times can read the classic 8.works(work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times.Nowadays，Chinese calligraphy has become an important part of Chinese culture.As China plays a greater role in 9.global(globe)affairs，a large number of international students are beginning to appreciate Chinas culture and history through this 10.amazing (amaze)language.