2020-2021学年高二英语同步备考之语法专练：专题15 定语从句 WORD版含解析.doc

1、定语从句1. I think that we should produce more things from materials that have been recycled, and less from raw materials, _ is growing smaller and smaller.A. their supply B. the supply of whichC. the supply of them D. of which supply【答案】 B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我认为我们应该用可循环利用的材料生产更多的东西，少用原材料，因为原材料的供应正变得越来越少。逗号后面

2、是非限制性定语从句，修饰raw materials。表示“的供应”，可用the supply of+n.，引导词在从句中作of的宾语，指物，故用the suuply+of which或of which the supply引导该从句。故选B。如果选A或C，应在两个句子之间加上连词。故选B。2. After the flooding, people were suffering in that area, _ urgently needed clean water, medicine and shelter to survive.A. which B. whoC. where D. what【答

3、案】 B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：洪灾过后，那个地区的人们正在受苦，为了生存，他们急需干净的水、药品和住所。将先行词people代入定语从句后为：people urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive，可知先行词在从句中作主语，所以排除C项；what不能引导定语从句，故排除D项；因为先行词为“人”，所以排除A项。故答案为B项。3. The books on the desk, covers are shiny, are prizes for us.A. which B. what C. whose D. that【

4、答案】 C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：桌上的书是给我们的奖励，那些书的封面闪闪发光。分析句子可知，先行词为the books，和covers之间存在所属关系，所以关系代词为whose。故选C项。 4. She brought with her three friends，none of _ I had ever met before.A. them B. who C. whom D. these【答案】 C【解析】考查关系代词。句意：她带来了三个朋友，我以前从没见过他们。whom指代前面提到的three friends。在定语从句中作of的宾语。故选C项。5. I wish to thank

5、Professor Smith, without _ help I would never have got this far.A. who B. whoseC. whom D. which【答案】 B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我想要感谢史密斯教授，没有他的帮助我就不会走得这么远。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词Professor Smith，在后面定语从句中作help的定语，所以关系代词为whose。故选B项。6. Many countries are now setting up national parks _ animals and plants can be protected

6、.A. when B. whichC. whose D. where【答案】 D【解析】考查定语从句的关系词。句意：许多国家正在建立国家公园，在那里动植物可以得到保护。先行词为parks，在定语从句中作地点状语。故选D。7. We shall take the condition _youve attached to this project into careful consideration. Thanks a lot.A. where B. when C. which D. what【答案】 C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们将仔细考虑你们附加在这个项目上的条件。分析句子结构可知，此处为

7、定语从句，先行词为the condition，指物，关系词在从句中作attached的宾语，故C项正确。 8. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering.A. that B. what C. which D. whose【答案】 D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：上个月，东南亚部分地区遭受洪水袭击，人们仍在遭受洪灾的影响。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词floods，且先行词在从句中做定语，故应用关系代词whose。故选D

8、。9. Luckily, wed brought a road map without _ we would have lost our way.A. it B. that C. this D. which【答案】 D【解析】考查定语从句。句意：幸运的是，我们带了一张路线图，没有它我们就会迷路。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词road map，做介词without的宾语，且指代物品应用关系代词which。故选D。10. I will never forget the days _ I spent in that faraway village.A. when B. which C

9、. in which D. where【答案】 B【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我永远不会忘记我在那个遥远的村庄度过的日子。此处为定语从句修饰先行词days，且先行词在从句中做宾语，指“日子”故用which或that引导。故选B。11. All _ should be done is worth doing well.A. which B. what C. that D. 不填【答案】 C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：应该做的事都值得做好。此处为定于从句修饰先行词all，先行词为all且在从句中做主语，只能用that引导。故选C。【点睛】定语从句中关系词只能用that的情况1.当先行词为all,

10、much, none, something, nothing, everything, the one, few, little, many, anything等不定代词时。例如：We should do all that is useful to the people. 我们应该做一切有益于人民的事情。Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么需要我帮忙的吗？2 当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, many, much等不定代词修饰时。例如：I have finished reading all the bo

11、oks that I borrowed from the library. 我己经看完了所有从图书馆借来的书。He has learned many English new words that the teacher taught him last week by heart.上周老师教的许多新英语单词，他都用心记住了。3.当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the next, the last等修饰时。例如：This is the first book that I bought in the shop . 这是我在这家书店买的第一本书。This is

12、 one of the most exciting football games that I have ever watched 这是我看过的最激动人心的足球赛之一。4当先行词是形容词最高级时。例如：This is the best that can be done now.这是现在能做的最好的办法。5.先行词既指人又指物时。例如：We talked of things and persons that we remembered. 我们谈起了我们记住的人和事儿。6.关系代词在限制性定语从句中作表语，并带有比较的含义时。例如Our school is no longer the school

13、 that it was ten years ago .我们学校已经不再是十年前的样子。7.句子的前一部分已经出现了which,为避免重复，句子的后面部分通常不再用 which而用that来引导限制性定语从句。例如：Which is the book that you bought yesterday? 哪一本书是你昨天买的？8.当主句是以who , which 引起的特殊疑问句时，关系代词通常只用that. 例如：Who is the man that you spoke to just now? 刚才和你说话的那个人是谁？9.在there be句型中,只能用that,例如：There wa

14、s still a lot of homework that we had to do in our spare time.我们在业余时间仍然必须做很多作业。12. The Science Museum, _ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of Londons tourist attractions.A. which B. what C. that D. where【答案】 A【解析】本题考查定语从句。解题步骤：1. 确定关系词：先行词the Science Museum，which指代先行词在句中作visit的宾语，wh

15、at不能引导定语从句，where在句中作状语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句。句意：在最近去英国的一次旅行中我们参观的那一家自然博物馆是伦敦的一个旅游景点。故选A。13. Senior family members, especially parents, should create an atmosphere _ would encourage their children to read books.A. that B. what C. where D. when【答案】 A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：年长的家庭成员，尤其是父母，应该创造一种鼓励孩子读书的氛围。此处为定语从句，关系词指代

16、先行词atmosphere，并在从句中作主语，故A项正确。14. Zhang Ze took on a victory in the 2019 French Open, _we all regard as the highest-ranked Chinese male player.A. which B. when C. who D. where【答案】 C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：张泽在2019年法国网球公开赛上取得了胜利，我们都认为他是中国排名最高的男单选手。此处Zhang Ze是先行词，指人，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作宾语，that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选C。15. With

17、the availability of modern media, conversation _ the face-to-face exchange of thoughts exists is disappearing.A. when B. which C. in which D. from which【答案】 C【解析】考查定语从句连词。句意：随着现代媒体的出现，面对面交流思想的对话正在消失。分析句子结构可知，conversation是先行词，在the face-to-face exchange of thoughts exists从句中作地点状语，根据句意可知，从句部分完整的表达是the

18、face-to-face exchange of thoughts exists in the conversation，故此处应用in which，故选C。16. Running a marathon in Yancheng is a fantastic experience, _ will be fresh in your memory for ever.A. one B. it C. the one D. one that【答案】 D【解析】考查代词和定语从句。句意：在盐城跑马拉松是一次美妙的经历，它将永远留在你的记忆中。分析句子结构可知，one指同名称中的另一事物，常常代替有不定词a/

19、an的名词，故此处指代前文的a marathon，在句子中作a marathon的同位语；其中one是先行词在从句中作主语，one是代词故关系代词用that，综上，故选D。17. Im very lucky to have a comfortable life, _ theres always food on the table, heat in the winter, and, above all, love in the house.A. which B. when C. where D. whom【答案】 C【解析】考查定语从句连接词。句意：我很幸运有一个舒适的生活，那里总是有食物在桌子

20、上，冬天的热量，最重要的是，爱在房子里。本句为定语从句修饰先行词life，且从句中主语、谓语和宾语成分完整，故关系词作地点状语，故选C。18. Learning strategies (策略), _teachers attach importance, havent drawn enough attention of students.A. that B. though C. to which D. by which【答案】 C【解析】考查定语从句。句意：老师们重视的学习策没有引起学生们的足够重视。短语attach importance to“重视”，to为介词，故排除A、B和D选项；whic

21、h引导定语从句修饰先行词Learning strategies。故选C。19. I will try to make it known to every teacher and more students _the activities organized by the club.A. who get involved in B. to involve C. involve in D. who involve in【答案】 A【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我将尽力让参加到这个俱乐部举办的活动中的每一个老师和更多的学生都知道。先行词为人，在从句中作主语成分，所以用who引导，根据题意可知是“涉及，

22、被卷入，参加”，因此应该用被动语态。所以A项正确。D项错误。如若用后置定语的形式，也该用过去分词作后置定语，involved in，所以B项、C项错误。综上，故选A。20. The CCTV program, A Bite of China attracts many people to Suqian to taste local food, _ up to half are from overseas.A. in which B. for whomC. with which D. of whom【答案】 D考查定语从句。此处many people作先行词，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作介词of的宾语，“这些人当中的一半来自海外”。故选D。