2020_2021学年新教材高中英语模块素养检测含解析新人教版选择性必修第二册202103012121.doc

1、模块素养检测(Units 15)(时间: 120分钟满分: 150分)听力材料为教师用书独具第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: What kind of fruit would you like, apples or oranges? M: Neither. I prefer bananas to anything else. 1. What does

2、 the man like best? A. Bananas. B. Apples. C. Oranges. 答案: AText 2M: You can only keep the books for two weeks. W: Fine. Ill be certain to return them on time. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a laboratory. B. In a library. C. In a classroom. 答案: BText 3W: Dad, I cant find m

3、y car key. I dont remember where I put it. M: I dont think you can find it. Bob has taken it. He is using your car now. 3. Why cant the girl find her car key? A. Because someone has taken it. B. Because she left it in her car. C. Because she forgot where she had left it. 答案: AText 4W: What are you g

4、oing to do for your summer vacation? M: I planned to go to China and climb the Great Wall, but Ill have to stay at home and do my homework because my school report is not good at all. 4. What will the man do during the summer vacation? A. Make some money. B. Go to the Great Wall. C. Stay at home stu

5、dying. 答案: CText 5M: Im really tired of this weather. Rain, rain, rain. W: Dont worry. The weather report says it will be sunny on Friday. Dont forget to bring your umbrella today. 5. What will the weather be like on Friday? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Windy. 答案: B第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白

6、。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6W: Tom doesnt seem to be in a good mood. Whats wrong with him? M: He left his wallet in the taxi. There was a credit card and one thousand dollars in it. W: Why did he have so

7、much cash on him? M: He was going to lend the money to Lucy. W: Bad luck. Has Lucy heard about it? M: No. Tom didnt want to upset her. So he told her nothing about it. W: Dont worry. The taxi driver may find it and return the wallet to him. 6. How does Tom probably feel now? A. Sad. B. Excited. C. M

8、oved. 答案: A7. Why did Tom have so much money on him? A. Because he wanted to buy something expensive. B. Because he was going to lend the money to Lucy. C. Because he was going to return the money to Lucy. 答案: B听第7段材料, 回答第8、9题。Text 7W: Listen! Somebody in the next room is practicing the piano. M: It

9、 sounds nice, doesnt it? I wish I could play a musical instrument. W: I thought you already did. Dont you play the violin? M: No, but my sister does. Actually, she is pretty good at it. W: I took guitar lessons for a couple of years, but I never learned very well. By the way, what sort of music do y

10、ou like listening to? M: Well, I like all kinds of music, from classical music to pop music. W: Great! I just got Adeles latest CD. Lets listen to it together. M: That sounds great. I love Adeles music. Her voice is amazing. 8. What instrument does the mans sister play well? A. The piano. B. The vio

11、lin. C. The guitar. 答案: B9. What are the speakers going to do together? A. Take guitar lessons. B. Attend Adeles concert. C. Listen to a music CD. 答案: C听第8段材料, 回答第1012题。Text 8M: Hello, Anna. How was your exam yesterday? W: It wasnt very good. Im afraid I dont get an A this time. The exam was harder

12、than I had expected. M: Well. The final exam is usually more difficult. You should spend more time preparing for it. Why didnt you prepare well for it? W: I had two part-time jobs this term and had to work 3 hours every day. So I had less time for study. M: Why did you spend so much time on your wor

13、k? Remember, study always comes first. W: I know. But I have no choice. My father is often ill this year. I have to work to cover my expenses. M: Why not apply for a scholarship? W: I have, but Im still waiting. By the way, how is your new book? Does it sell well? M: Not as well as the first one. Bu

14、t I like this one better. 10. What did the woman think of the exam? A. Challenging. B. Easy. C. Interesting. 答案: A11. What did the woman spend a lot of time on this term? A. Enjoying her life. B. Getting a scholarship. C. Doing her part-time jobs. 答案: C12. What is the man? A. A writer. B. A student.

15、 C. A teacher. 答案: A听第9段材料, 回答第1316题。Text 9W: Hi, John. M: Hi, Jane, I havent seen you for weeks. How are you? W: Im fine. Thank you. In fact, I want to call you because Im going to have a birthday party. M: Oh, sounds good. When is it? W: Well, Im going to hold it on Friday, but Melissa has got to

16、work. So how does the next day sound? M: Thats good for me. Not Sunday though, because I have to get up early the next day. W:Great, Saturday, it is then. M: What time? W: Well, I dont want to make it too early. Im going to get dinner ready around 8 oclock, so Im asking people to arrive at about 7:

17、00 in the evening. M: OK, Ill be there around a quarter past seven, then. Do you want me to bring anything? You know, some wine, beer maybe? W: Well, Melissa and Tom are bringing some wine, and Ive got plenty of beer in the fridge. Orange juice would be good. M: OK, no problem. I can pick some up on

18、 the way. See you then. Bye. W: Bye. 13. What party will the woman hold? A. A wedding party. B. A graduation party. C. A birthday party. 答案: C14. When will the woman hold the party? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 答案: B15. What time will the man arrive? A. 7: 00 pm. B. 7: 15 pm. C. 8: 00

19、 pm. 答案: B16. What will the man take to the party? A. Orange juice. B. Wine. C. Beer. 答案: A听第10段材料, 回答第1720题。Text 10M: I have two apple trees in the garden. My dog Harry loved apples. When he went outside every day, hed catch an apple and take it into the house to eat later. The apples had been on t

20、he ground and were often dirty so I wasnt always happy that Harry had brought them into the house. It was an autumn day in America, but it was very cold. A heavy snow fell and we had not done anything for its coming. On that special day, Harry went outside and I watched him through the window. I not

21、iced that he was madly digging holes and bringing the apples to the ground so they could be seen above the snow. I did not know why he was doing this. He seemed to want to do something special. When I called him back, he had his usual one apple in his mouth. About five minutes later, I looked outsid

22、e. The garden was completely covered with birds. Harry had dug up all those apples for his bird friends to eat. He knew that they wouldnt have stored enough food for the coming winter! 17. What is Harry? A. A dog. B. A bird. C. A boy. 答案: A18. Why wasnt the speaker always happy? A. Harry loved apple

23、s. B. Harry brought the dirty apples into the house. C. The apples fell on the ground and were dirty. 答案: B19. What did Harry do on the snowy day? A. He ate up all the apples. B. He dug holes to put the apples in them. C. He brought the apples under the snow to the ground. 答案: C20. Why did the birds

24、 fly to the garden? A. To look for Harry. B. To eat the apples. C. To make new homes. 答案: B第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AAaptivDownload Aaptiv, take a quick fitness quiz about your goals, and get going. The app will set you up with workouts to do o

25、n your favorite cardio(有氧的) machine, at home on a yoga mat, or outside. Where this app stands out: It pairs audio instructions from instructors and personal trainers with songs you lovenot boring, canned beatsso its more engaging than most recorded workouts. Its basically like your favorite cycling

26、class in the palm of your hands. MyFitnessPalAnother app that pairs workouts with a nutrition plan. This free app tracks your personal diet and exercise to determine the best calorie intake based on your body type and workouts. It even gives you the ability to scan food bar codes or enter them by ha

27、nd to get accurate calorie and nutrient counts. MyFitnessPal is great at helping people become more aware of their eating habits. It may not be the most accurate at times, but just by having people become more conscious of the foods and drinks theyre putting into their body is a huge win. Amazon Kin

28、dleKindle offers a wide selection of books, magazines and newspapers, making it one of the most popular e-Book reader apps for smartphones and tablets. You neednt own a Kindle device to enjoy books through the Kindle app; its available on Android and IOS devices too. To increase reading pleasure, Ki

29、ndle is powered by technology from Amazon that allows you to sync(同步) your last read page, bookmarks, highlights and notes across all devices; it also includes a built-in dictionary that makes it easy to look up new words while reading, and the Kindle app provides access to Google search and Wikiped

30、ia as well. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三款应用程序的情况。21. What feature makes Aaptiv most appealing? A. It enables you to exercise as you wish. B. It allows a quick fitness quiz about your goals. C. It provides classes of running, cycling and yoga. D. It offers trainer-led workouts with music you love. 【解析】选D。细

31、节理解题。根据第一段可知这款应用的突出之处在于: 它将教练和私人教练的音频指令与你喜欢的歌曲搭配在一起, 而不是枯燥乏味的录制好的歌曲, 因此它比大多数录制的健身活动更吸引人。由此可知, Aaptiv最吸引人的地方是它提供以训练者为主导的训练, 配上你喜欢的音乐。22. What do people most probably download MyFitnessPal for? A. Exercising with right diets. B. Studying eating habits. C. Tracking calorie consumption. D. Scanning food

32、 bar codes. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第二段可知另一款应用程序可以将锻炼和营养计划结合在一起。这个免费的应用程序可以跟踪你的个人饮食和锻炼情况, 根据你的体型和锻炼情况来确定最佳卡路里摄入量。它甚至可以让你扫描食品条形码, 或者手动输入食品编码, 从而获得准确的卡路里和营养数据。由此可知, 人们下载MyFitnessPal最可能的目的是运动搭配正确的饮食。23. How many advantages does Kindle have for a better reading experience? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据

33、最后一段可知为了增加阅读乐趣, Kindle采用了来自亚马逊的技术, 允许你在所有设备上同步上一次阅读的页面、书签、亮点和笔记; 它还包括一个内置的字典, 使人们在阅读时很容易查找新单词, Kindle应用程序还提供了谷歌搜索和维基百科。由此可知, Kindle有3个优点, 可以提供更好的阅读体验。BSandra Cisneros was born in Chicago in 1954 to a Mexican American family. As the only girl in a family of seven children, she often felt like she had

34、 “seven fathers”, because her six brothers, as well as her father, tried to control her. Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated (躲避) into books. Despite her love of reading, she did not do well in elementary school because she was too shy to participate. In high school, with the encouragement of

35、 one particular teacher, Cisneros improved her grades and worked for the school literary magazine. Her father encouraged her to go to college because he thought it would be a good way for her to find a husband. Cisneros did attend college, but instead of searching for a husband, she found a teacher

36、who helped her join the famous graduate writing program at the University of Iowa. At the universitys Writers Workshop, however, she felt lonely a Mexican American from a poor neighborhood among students from wealthy families. The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her “creative voic

37、e”. “It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly different that my writing acquired a voice. I knew I was a Mexican woman, but I didnt think it had anything to do with why I felt so much imbalance in my life, but it had everything to do with it! Thats when I decided I would write abo

38、ut something my classmates couldnt write about. ”Cisneros published her first work, The House on Mango Street, when she was twenty-nine. The book talks about a young Mexican American girl growing up in a Spanish-speaking area in Chicago, much like the neighborhoods in which Cisneros lived as a child

39、. The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school to graduate school level. Since then, Cisneros has published several books of poetry, a childrens book and a short-story collection. 【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。在文章中作者为我们讲述了一个害羞的小女孩是如何成长为一位知名作家的故事, 作者着重说明了她独特写作风格形成的原因。24. What can we kn

40、ow about Cisneros in her childhood? A. Her brothers disliked her. B. She felt herself a nobody. C. She was too shy to go to school. D. She did not meet any good teachers. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段中的Feeling shy and unimportant, she retreated into books. 可知, 她感到害羞和不重要, 就躲进了书堆里。由此可知, B选项的描述“她觉得自己是个无名小卒”符合文意。2

41、5. The graduate program gave Cisneros a chance to _. A. run away from her familyB. develop her writing styleC. make a lot of friendsD. search for a husband【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段中的The feeling of being so different helped Cisneros find her “creative voice”. 可知, 这种与众不同的感觉帮助西斯内罗斯找到了她富有“创造性的声音”。由此推断出, 研究生课程给

42、了Cisneros一个形成写作风格的机会。26. According to Cisneros, what was the key factor in her success? A. Her childhood experience. B. Her training in the Workshop. C. Her feeling of being different. D. Her early years in college. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第三段中的It was not until this moment when I considered myself truly diff

43、erent that my writing acquired a voice. 可知, 直到这一刻, 当我认为自己真的与众不同时, 我的写作才有了声音。由此可知, 根据Cisneros的说法, 她成功的关键因素是她有了与众不同的感觉。27. What do we learn about The House on Mango Street? A. It enjoys great popularity among students. B. It is a book of poetry written by Cisneros. C. It wasnt a success as it was writ

44、ten in Spanish. D. It won an award when Cisneros was twenty-nine. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中的The book won an award in 1985 and has been used in classes from high school to graduate school level. 可知, 这本书在1985年获得了一个奖项, 从高中到研究生阶段都在使用。由此推断出, The House on Mango Street在学生中很受欢迎。CIts common knowledge that some cou

45、ntries have higher life expectancies (预期寿命) than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health. Some cities are hard on their citizens. In places with poor city planning Lagos was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit public spaces are few and far between, making outd

46、oor activities hard. Lack of infrastructure (基础设施) jams the streets with cars and the air with pollutants, and people work long hours for little money. These are just some of the factors concluded by Spotahome, a rental agency. Theyve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health

47、 Organization, TripAdvisor and the CIA World Factbook to score each city on health, gym availability and quality, life expectancy, obesity (肥胖), green space and other elements to work out a list of the worlds healthiest cities. The list is certainly Euro-centric but continuous sunshine is seen as a

48、positive thing, even if it may be more of a disadvantage in other regions. But it does go some way towards suggesting which cities are getting it right in providing a good life for their inhabitants. It may not be surprising to learn that most of the healthiest cities are in northern Europe, known f

49、or its people-first approach to city planning. Australia and Canada also do well but Alaska, the first U. S. city is only in 34th place. The U. K. doesnt fare too well either its only city in the top 50 list is London, in 40th. Whether youre planning a wholesome holiday, or simply wondering what you

50、r city can do better, this list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause for thought. Here are the attractive, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right. 【语篇概述】本文是说明文。研究者们通过调查发现城市规划会影响居民的健康。通过对健康、绿化、寿命、阳光等因素的评分, 研究者们列出了一个世界上最健康的城市的清单。28. Why are some cities difficult to liv

51、e in according to the text? A. The air is heavily polluted. B. There is no city planning. C. Outdoor activities arent available. D. Public places are limited. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段In places with poor city planning Lagos was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit public spaces are few an

52、d far between, making outdoor activities hard. 得知, 在城市规划不完善的地方, 比如最近被经济学人智库列出的拉各斯这个城市, 公共空间很少, 这使得户外活动很难进行。由此可见, 公共空间有限使得一些城市很难居住。29. How did Spotahome list the worlds healthiest cities? A. By figuring out the citys green area. B. By gaining information via various people. C. By analyzing different

53、aspects of the cities. D. By selecting those with the highest life expectancy. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段Theyve analyzed data from a range of sources, including the World Health Organization, TripAdvisor and the CIA World Factbook to score each city on health, gym availability and quality, life expectancy,

54、obesity, green space and other elements to work out a list of the worlds healthiest cities. 得知, 他们分析了一系列来源的数据, 包括世界卫生组织, 猫途鹰网和中情局世界概况, 对每个城市的健康、预期寿命、肥胖、绿地和其他因素进行评分, 从而列出世界上最健康的城市名单。由此推知, Spotahome通过分析城市的不同方面列出了世界上最健康的城市名单。30. What does the list aim to help people do? A. Form healthy eating habits. B

55、. Choose a right place for a holiday. C. Become aware of attractiveness of cities. D. Reflect the future of the city planning. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段Whether youre planning a wholesome holiday, or simply wondering what your city can do better, this list of the 50 healthiest cities will give you pause fo

56、r thought. Here are the attractive, healthy-eating, clean-aired cities that are getting it right. 得知, 无论你是在计划一个全面的假期还是简单的想你的城市做什么会变得更好, 这个列有500个最健康的城市的列表会让你停下来思考。由此可知, 这个清单目的是帮助你选择合适的度假地点。31. Where is this text most likely from? A. A diary. B. A guidebook. C. A novel. D. A magazine. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据首

57、段Its common knowledge that some countries have higher life expectancies than others, but the city you live in can also affect your health. (众所周知, 一些国家的预期寿命比其他国家高, 但你居住的城市也会影响你的健康)及下文对“城市规划会影响居民健康的研究介绍”, 再结合选项A. 一篇日记; B. 一本旅游指南; C. 一部小说; D. 一本杂志。由此得知, 本文最可能来自于一本杂志。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持, 这些细节对

58、于理解全文内容至关重要, 同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章, 以获得某些特定的信息, 或准确地寻求所需的细节, 并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为: (1)一一对应型。(2)语言转述型。(3)语意理解型。(4)是非辨别型。(5)事实排序型。如第28小题, 根据第二段In places with poor city planningLagos was called out recently by the Economist Intelligence Unit public spaces are few and far bet

59、ween, making outdoor activities hard. 得知, 在城市规划不完善的地方, 比如最近被经济学人智库列出的拉各斯这个城市, 公共空间很少, 这使得户外活动很难进行。关键句public spaces are few and far between公共空间稀少, 由此可知, 公共空间有限使得一些城市很难居住。故选D。DA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly. The mechanical fly has

60、become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks. “Its extremely important for us to think about this as a whole

61、 system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components (元件), ” said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components. “The added difficulty w

62、ith a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own, ” he said. They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. “The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependenc

63、ies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to, ” said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project proves that t

64、he flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured. While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fie

65、lds or on the battle field. “Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around, ” he said. Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications. “You

66、can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead, ” he said. “So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives u

67、s on a day to day basis. ”【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感, 设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。文章介绍了该项研究存在的困难, 研究将要发展的方向和该研究会带来的好处。32. The difficulty the team of engineers met with while making the robotic fly was that _. A. they had no model in their mindB. they did not have sufficient timeC. they had no ready-mad

68、e componentsD. they could not assemble the components【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own”可知, 类似这样的项目的一个额外的困难就是, 这些组成部件从来就没有现成的, 我们不得不靠自己去开发, 从中可知, 困难就是没有现成的组成部件。33.

69、 It can be inferred from Paragraphs 3 and 4 that the robotic flyer _. A. consists of a flight device and a control systemB. can just fly in limited areas at the present timeC. can collect information from many sourcesD. has been put into wide application【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第四段的“While this first robotic f

70、lyer is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battle field”可知, 虽然第一架机器人飞行器与一个小型非机载电源相连, 但最终目标是为其配备一个内置电源, 以便有朝一日它可以在救援地点、农田里或战场上执行数据

71、收集工作。由此推知, 目前由于电池等的限制, 只能在有限的区域飞行。34. Which of the following can be learned from the passage? A. The robotic flyer is designed to learn about insects. B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments. C. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly. D. Woods design can replace animals in s

72、ome experiments. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第四段的it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in farmers fields or on the battle field可知, A项是错误的。B项中animals are not allowed 是错的, 应该是difficult with the animals, 即有些用动物来做试验是困难的, 不是不允许。C项在文中并没有提到以前方法的多少, 文中只是说offers a new way to study, 提供了新的方法, 故排除C项。

73、根据最后一段的 you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead, 可知, 用动物研究生物学会很难, 但是机器人可以取代动物, 所以在某些实验中, Wood的设计可以取代动物。35. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Father of Robotic FlyB. Inspiration from Engineering Scienc

74、eC. Robotic Fly Imitates Real Life InsectD. Harvard Breaks Through in Insect Study【解析】选C。主旨大意题。由第一段“A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly”可知, 短文主要介绍的是哈佛大学从自然界的昆虫那里得到了灵感, 设计开发了第一款机器苍蝇。所以短文的最佳标题是“机器苍蝇模仿现实生活中的昆虫” , 故选C。【点睛】推理判断题要求在理解原文表面文字

75、信息的基础上, 做出一定的推理判断, 从而得到文章的隐含意义和深层意义。推理判断题所涉及的内容可能是文中的某一句话, 也可能是某几句话, 所以, 推理题的答案只能是根据原文表面文字信息进一步推出的答案: 对原文某一句话或某几句话所作的同义改写或综合。推理判断题的题干中通常含infer, suggest, imply, conclude, indicate等标志性词语。 这种题型主要包括细节判断题、态度观点推断题、写作意图推断题、文章出处判断题和猜测想象推断题。第33题, 根据第三段的“The flight device was built into a set of power, comput

76、ation, sensing and control systems”可知A项是错误的。根据第四段的“While this first robotic flyer is linked to a small, off-board power source”和“Basically it should be able to take off, land and fly around, ”可知, 目前由于电池等的限制, 只能在有限的区域飞行。因此B项是正确的。根据第四段的“so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue si

77、tes, in farmers fields or on the battle field”可知该飞行器是在someday(将来的某一天)才能从不同的地方收集信息, 而不是现在, 因此排除C项。纵观全文, 讲述的是该飞行器尚处于开发的初级阶段, 有很多地方需要改善, 因此D项广泛投入使用是错误的。综上所述, 33小题选B项。第二节(共5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Mystery of EvolutionFollowing the outbreak of the novel coronavir

78、us pneumonia(NCP), also named COVID-19 by WHO, there is a general fear of the unknown virus as its full effects remain to be seen. Fever, coughing, sore throat, difficulty breathingthe NCPs symptoms are similar to the common cold or the flu. But its potentially more dangerous. Viruses could be deadl

79、y, like HIV and Ebola (埃博拉). But what are viruses? How can they cause so much trouble? Viruses are non-living organisms (有机体) approximately one-millionth of an inch long. Unlike human cells or bacteria, they cant reproduce on their own. 36Viruses can infect every living thingfrom plants and animals

80、down to the smallest bacteria. For this reason, they always have the potential to be dangerous to human life. Sometimes a virus can cause a disease so serious that it is fatal. Other viral infections cause no noticeable reaction. Viruses lie around our environment all of the time, waiting for a host

81、 cell to come along. They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. 37For example, HIV, which causes AIDS, attacks the T-cells of the immune system. But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? 38“Tracing the origins of viruses is difficult. ” Ed Rybicki,

82、a virologist at the University of Cape Town in South Africa, told Scientific American, “because viruses dont leave fossils (化石) and because of the tricks they use to make copies of themselves within the cells theyve invaded. ” 39First, viruses started as independent organisms, then became parasites

83、(寄生者). Second, viruses evolved from pieces of DNA or RNA that “escaped” from larger organisms. Third, viruses co-evolved with their host cells, which means they existed alongside these cells. For the time being, these are only theories. The technology and evidence we have today cannot be used to tes

84、t these theories and identify the most plausible explanation. 40 Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier (含糊不清的) than it now appears. A. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. B. Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists. C. Continuing studies may pro

85、vide us with clearer answers. D. Theres pretty strong evidence that this is a bat origin coronavirus. E. However, there are three main hypotheses (假说) to explain the origin of viruses. F. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and take over. G. Bat is a flying mammal

86、 with a long lifespan, whose temperature is high, similar to a fever. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们讲述了新型冠状病毒以及病毒侵害人体的原理。36. 【解析】选F。上文Unlike human cells or bacteria, they cant reproduce on their own. (不像人类细胞或细菌, 他们不能通过自己繁殖)与F. Instead, they invade the cells of living organisms to reproduce, spread and

87、take over. (相反, 他们入侵生物组织的细胞进行繁殖、扩张和占据)承接自然, 上下文是明显的转折关系, reproduce是关键词, 故选F项。37. 【解析】选A。上文They can enter our bodies by the nose, mouth, eyes or breaks in the skin. (他们可以通过鼻子、嘴、眼睛或皮肤的伤口处进入我们的身体)与A. Once inside, they try to find a host cell to infect. (一旦进入, 他们就会找一个宿主细胞来感染)承接自然, 上下文讲述的话题一致, enter和insi

88、de是关键词。38. 【解析】选B。上文But the basic question is, where did viruses first come from? (但最基本的问题是, 病毒最初是来自哪儿)与B. Until now, no clear explanation for their origin exists. (直到现在, 他们的原始存在没有明确的解释)承接自然, 选项中的their就是上文提到的virus, origin exists和first come from是关键词。39. 【解析】选E。E. However, there are three main hypothe

89、ses to explain the origin of viruses. (但是, 主要有三个解释病毒起源的假说)与下文内容提到的三点在文章结构上构成总分关系。40. 【解析】选C。下文Or future studies may reveal that the answer is even murkier than it now appears. (或者将来的研究会揭示这个问题比现在更加含糊不清)与C. Continuing studies may provide us with clearer answers. (继续的研究会给我们提供更清晰的答案)承接自然, 上下文构成明显的选择关系,

90、answer是关键词, 故选C项。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Last year, I received a special present. My children 41 me a stainless steel coffee machine for my birthday. I love drinking coffee every morning and couldnt 42 to use it. But 43 I poured my first c

91、up, the coffee spilled (洒出) all over the table. Thankfully, no one was around to see my 44 face! I kept trying, but each morning I 45 be seen wiping up the coffee machine. Then I realized if I poured very 46, there could be no spilling. My normal 47 was to rush through breakfast to get on with my da

92、y. But eventually I learned not only to pour but to 48 the experience: the taste and the stillness of a new day. It promoted me to49 upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. So I started to appreciate even the most 50 moments. When shop owners apologized for keeping me waiting,

93、Id say, “Not a problem. Im not 51. ” I even enjoyed sitting in front of my house talking with 52 and sharing our own stories, 53 we had known each other for a long time. It seemed that the world around us slowed to a 54 we could handle. Stillness not only slows the pace of life, but also55 the soul,

94、 helping us to enjoy the worlds small pleasures and realize the truth of life. 【语篇概述】这是一篇记叙文。作者的孩子给作者送了一台咖啡机, 做咖啡的经历使作者领悟到: 放慢生活的节奏, 可以滋养我们的灵魂, 帮助我们享受这个世界的小乐趣, 认识到生活的真谛。41. A. lentB. offeredC. giftedD. asked【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。lent借; offered提供; gifted赠送; asked要。根据上文Last year, I received a special presen

95、t. 可知, 咖啡机是孩子们送给作者的。42. A. helpB. waitC. knowD. complain【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。help帮助; wait等待; know知道; complain抱怨。根据句意可知, 作者是迫不及待地想用。couldnt help doing sth. “禁不住做某事”, couldnt wait to do sth. “迫不及待做某事”。43. A. sinceB. beforeC. asD. until【解析】选C。考查连词词义辨析。since自从以来; before在之前; as当时候; until直到才。根据句意和语境可知, 是倒咖啡的时候

96、洒了一桌子, 用as引导时间状语从句。44. A. disappointedB. delightfulC. amusedD. astonished【解析】选A。考查形容词词义辨析。disappointed失望的; delightful高兴的; amused觉得好笑的; astonished吃惊的。根据上文But _I poured my first cup, the coffee spilled all over the table. 可知, 作者是失望的。45. A. wouldB. shouldC. mustD. need【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。would会; should应该;

97、must一定; need需要。根据下文Then I realized if I poured very _, there could be no spilling. 可知, 作者每天都会把咖啡洒出来。46. A. quicklyB. casuallyC. slowlyD. patiently【解析】选C。考查副词词义辨析。quickly快速地; casually随便地; slowly慢慢地; patiently耐心地。根据下文My normal _was to rush through breakfast to get on with my day. 可知, 作者总是在早上很匆忙, 洒咖啡应是

98、太着急, 倒得太快, 因此, 此处是慢慢倒。47. A. promiseB. practiceC. traditionD. standard【解析】选B。考查名词词义辨析。promise承诺; practice实践, 惯例; tradition传统; standard标准。根据上文语境及下文的But eventually I learned not only to pour but to _the experience: the taste and the stillness of a new day. 可知, 作者通常的做法是匆匆吃完早餐, 开始新的一天。48. A. possessB. c

99、larifyC. realizeD. enjoy【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。possess拥有; clarify澄清; realize意识到; enjoy喜欢, 享受。根据上文语境可知, 作者每天都很匆忙, 现在作者从倒咖啡中领悟到要慢下来, 享受生活。49. A. reflectB. decideC. reactD. respond【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。reflect反射, 深思; decide决定; react反应; respond回应。reflect upon反思, 根据上文语境可知, 作者开始反思生活中的其他方面是否也是匆忙行事。50. A. difficultB. or

100、dinaryC. specialD. awkward【解析】选B。考查形容词词义辨析。difficult困难的; ordinary普通的; special特别的; awkward尴尬的。根据上文It promoted me to _upon whether I was rushing through in other areas of my life. 可知, 作者开始反思生活中的其他方面, 结合下文作者所列举的事例可知, 都是生活中平常的事情。51. A. in difficultyB. in troubleC. in a hurryD. in danger【解析】选C。考查介词短语辨析。i

101、n difficulty处境困难; in trouble处于不幸中; in a hurry立即, 匆忙; in danger处于危险中。根据上文语境可知, 作者学会了让自己慢下来, 此处是举例, 因此, 作者说不赶时间。52. A. colleaguesB. friendsC. relativesD. strangers【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。colleagues同事; friends朋友; relatives亲戚; strangers陌生人。根据句意和句中we had known each other for a long time. 使用的是过去完成时可知, 这是一种虚拟语气, 因

102、此, 此处是指和陌生人交谈。53. A. only ifB. as ifC. if onlyD. if ever【解析】选B。考查连词词义辨析。only if只要; as if好像; if only只要; if ever如果有的话。根据句意可知, 是和陌生人交谈, 因此, 用as if最合语境, 这是一种虚拟。54. A. paceB. stageC. pointD. occasion【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。pace步伐, 步速; stage台阶; point要点; occasion场合。根据下文Stillness not only slows the pace of life, 可知

103、, 作者放慢脚步去生活, 周围的世界也跟着慢了下来。55. A. explainsB. inspectsC. blessesD. feeds【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。explains解释; inspects检查; blesses祝福; feeds 为提供养料。根据上文语境和句意可知, 此处是指慢节奏的生活滋养了我们的灵魂。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Happiness is like a small stone dropped into a pool to cause a circle of ri

104、pples. 56. _ Stevenson has said, being happy is a duty. There is no exact definition of 57. _word “happiness”. Happy people are happy 58. _ all sorts of reasons. The key is not wealth or physical well-being, since we find beggars, the disabled and so-called 59. _(fail), who are extremely happy. 60.

105、_(stay) happy is satisfaction of soul and character. 61. _is not selfish to try to achieve it. It is, indeed, a duty to ourselves and others. Being 62. _(happy) is like an infectious disease. It causes people to stay away from the sufferer. He soon finds himself alone and sad. There is, 63. _, a cur

106、e for it: if you dont feel happy, pretend to be! It 64. _ (work). Before long you will find that you attract people. You discover how deeply rewarding it is to be the center of wider and wider circles of good will. Then the make-believe becomes a reality. You become 65. _(real) happy. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇说明文

107、。文章主要介绍了快乐的本质和重要性, 得到快乐的最简单的方法就是假装快乐。56. 【解析】As。考查定语从句。此处为as引导的非限定性定语从句, as有“正如”之意。注意首字母大写。57. 【解析】the。考查冠词。此处表示特指“happiness”这个词的定义, 所以用定冠词the。故填the。58. 【解析】for。考查介词。介词for表示“因为”之意。59. 【解析】failures。考查名词。此处与beggars和the disabled是并列关系, 名词failure表示“失败的人”, 是可数名词, 与前面的并列名词同样用复数形式。60. 【解析】Staying。考查非谓语动词。分析

108、句子结构可知, 句子缺少主语, 所以此处用动名词作主语。注意首字母大写。61. 【解析】It。考查代词。句中用it作形式主语, 真正的主语为不定式to try to achieve it。62. 【解析】unhappy。考查形容词。根据后面的like an infectious disease, 结合句意可知, 此处应用happy的反义词。63. 【解析】however。考查副词。结合句意可知, 这里表示转折, 又因为空格前后都有逗号, 所以用副词however。64. 【解析】works。考查时态。根据文章可知, 这里用一般现在时。It作主语, 谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。65. 【解析】r

109、eally。考查副词。形容词happy前用副词修饰。第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分)Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 为保护环境, 政府提倡垃圾分类, 但许多小区的落实情况不尽人意, 请你写一封电子邮件向有关部门负责人反映这一现状, 并提出合理建议。_【参考范文】As is encouraged to protect the environment, rubbish classification is very ne

110、cessary. It can save the money and the time for a country to deal with rubbish and it also can enhance the quality of people. Faced with the new rule, many citizens find it a little too complicated, with every item of waste now under careful examination and classification. Besides, some of them dont

111、 want to waste their time on this. So they dont do well in rubbish classification. In view of these circumstances, I think we should take some measures. Firstly, give people more patience and let them get familiar with the rules of rubbish classification. Secondly, more regulations should be made an

112、d carried out by authorities to oversee and enforce it. Thirdly, it is necessary to improve peoples awareness of environmental protection, getting them into a habit. Only by doing these can we help people develop more environmentally friendly living habits and make China a more beautiful country. 【分

113、析】本篇书面表达属于开放性作文。【详解】第一步: 根据提示可知, 为保护环境, 政府提倡垃圾分类, 但许多小区的落实情况不尽人意, 请你写一封电子邮件向有关部门负责人反映这一现状, 并提出合理建议。第二步: 根据写作要求确定关键词(组), 如: rubbish classification, too complicated, waste time, take measures, get familiar with, regulations, peoples awareness of environmental protection. 第三步: 根据提示和关键词(组)进行遣词造句, 注意主谓一致

114、和时态问题。本文用一般现在时。第四步: 连句成文, 注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接和过渡, 书写一定要规范清晰, 保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整, 语言规范, 语篇连贯, 词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式, 如As is encouraged to protect the environment, 运用了定语从句; Faced with the new rule运用了过去分词作状语; more regulations should be made and carried out by authorities to oversee and enforce

115、it. 运用了情态动词的被动形式; it is necessary to improve peoples awareness of environmental protection, getting them into a habit. 运用了it作形式主语和现在分词作状语; Only by doing these can we help people develop more environmentally friendly living habits运用了倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式, 显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外, 文章思路清晰、层次分明、上下句转换自然, 为文章增色添彩。第二

116、节(满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。A Special AppointmentYears ago I moved to Woodland Hills to take a job in a small hospitals emergency department. No one wanted to work on Christmas Eve, so the shift(轮班)went to me. I kissed my family goodbye and went off to spend the night

117、 in the hospital. It was a thankless job. At 9 pm, the ambulance brought in a man in his 60s who was having a heart attack. His face was pale, and he was frightened. The whole night I did my best to save his life. Before I left in the morning to spend Christmas with my family, I stopped by to see ho

118、w he was doing. It was still tough, but he had survived the night and was sleeping. The following year I got Christmas Eve duty again. At 9 pm sharp, the ward clerk told me there was a couple who wanted to speak with me. When I approached them, the man introduced himself as Mr Lee and said, “You pro

119、bably dont remember me, but last Christmas Eve you saved my life. Thank you for the year you gave me. ” He and his wife hugged me, handed me a small gift, and left. The following year a new doctor had joined the group, but I wanted to see if Mr And Mrs Lee would return. This time, I volunteered for

120、the shift. I kept an eye on the door. Once again, at exactly 9 pm, the Lees appeared, carrying a warmly wrapped bundle. It was their new grandchild. Mr Lee, his family and I spent 13 Christmas Eves together. In the later years the staff all knew about the story and would work to give me time with hi

121、m in the break room, where we spent a half-hour each Christmas Eve. 注意: 续写部分分为两段, 每段的开头语已为你写好。Last year I saw Mrs Lee alone in the hospital with a gift for me. _I carefully opened the package and found a crystal(水晶)bell inside with the word “Friendship” engraved(雕刻)on it. _【参考范文】Last year I saw Mrs

122、Lee alone in the hospital with a gift for me. Mrs Lee looked pale. She told me Mr Lee died from another heart attack two days ago. But he had never forgot our appointment. He prepared the last gift days ago. They lived with a grateful heart and had a meaningful life for as long as 13 years. The appo

123、intment is a reminder of the fortune they got from me and the God. I carefully opened the package and found a crystal bell inside with the word “Friendship” engraved on it. Now, my family, my friends and I ring that bell on every Christmas Eve at exactly 9 pm and offer our best wishes to the man who

124、 we wont forget. The bell always reminds us of being helpful to others and thankful to people who have helped me. 【分析】这是一篇续写。这篇文章讲述了一个特殊的约定。作者圣诞节前夕在医院值班, 晚上救了一位患心脏病的病人, 接下来患者李先生、他的家人和作者一起度过了13个平安夜。【详解】1. 第一段给出的首句是Last year I saw Mrs Lee alone in the hospital with a gift for me. 这一句是故事发展的转折点。可以从“李太太脸

125、色苍白。她告诉我李先生两天前死于又一次心脏病发作。”入手展开, 无论从何角度拓展, 需注意与续写第二段首句呼应。2. 第二段所给首句I carefully opened the package and found a crystal bell inside with the word “Friendship” engraved on it. 这一句呼应前文, 紧接着可以从“现在, 我的家人, 我的朋友和我在每个圣诞夜的晚上9点准时敲响这个钟声, 并向我们永远不会忘记的人致以最美好的祝愿。”着手续写。【点睛】这是一篇续写。段落衔接紧密, 语句通顺, 环环相扣, 层次分明, 文中使用高级词汇和句子

126、。高级词汇: looked pale, days ago, as long as, reminds us of; The appointment is a reminder of the fortune they got from me and the God. 句中使用定语从句; my family, my friends and I ring that bell on every Christmas Eve at exactly 9 pm and offer our best wishes to the man who we wont forget. 句中使用who引导的定语从句; The bell always reminds us of being helpful to others and thankful to people who have helped me. 动名词在句中作宾语。