2021-2022学年新教材高中英语 单元形成性评价 Unit 5 Into the wild（含解析）外研版必修第一册.doc

1、单元形成性评价(五)Unit 5(120分钟150分)第一部分听力(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共5小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。Text 1W: I cant believe that you failed your test. You studied for it all night long. How come you havent gotten an A? M: When I got to the t

2、est I was too exhausted. I couldnt keep my eyes open. 1. Why did the man fail the test? A. He didnt work hard. B. He didnt sleep well. C. He got to the test late. 答案: BText 2M: Did you get to watch the play Sunshine in the Capital Theater yesterday? W: Yes, it couldnt be better. But I didnt like the

3、 people there. They always made noises. 2. What does the woman think of the play? A. Terrible. B. Just so-so. C. Great. 答案: CText 3M: Its raining again. The weather report says its going to snow tonight. I dont like this kind of weather. W: But its going to be sunny this weekend. 3. Whats the weathe

4、r like now? A. Snowy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 答案: CText 4M: You can sit in my place if you like a window seat. W: Oh, its very kind of you, but mine is right over a wing. I would be able to see anything. Thanks anyway. 4. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a train. B. In a plane. C.

5、In a restaurant. 答案: BText 5M: Whats the matter with you, Mary? You looked tired. W: I didnt sleep well last night. M: Maybe a stomachache or headache? W: Neither. The noise almost drove me mad. 5. Why didnt Mary sleep well? A. She had a headache. B. She was troubled by noise. C. She had a stomachac

6、he. 答案: B第二节(共15小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每小题5秒钟; 听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。Text 6W: Hey, Peter. Im sorry! M: Hi, Diana. Whats wrong? W: We were going to Hong Kong this weekend, but Im afraid I cant go. M: How

7、 come? W: I have a really big geography test and I have to study for it. M: We can go next week instead. W: No, I dont want to ruin your weekend. You go ahead and please take the book I bought to my friend Sally. Tell her I have to study all the weekend, because I cant afford to fail the test. M: OK

8、, then Ill go with Dan. But its a pity you cant come. 6. Why does Diana say sorry to Peter? A. She has to give up her travel plan. B. She wants to visit another city. C. She needs to put off her test. 答案: A7. What does Diana want Peter to do? A. Help her with her study. B. Take a book to her friend.

9、 C. Teach a geography lesson. 答案: B听第7段材料, 回答第810题。Text 7W: Hello, this is Andrea. M: Hello, Andrea, this is Alex. I have some very good news for you. Miranda was very satisfied with you and said shes very much looking forward to working with you. Isnt that wonderful? Congratulations, dear! How does

10、 it feel to be Mirandas new assistant? I imagine that youre just delighted with the news. So, lets see. . . you can start on Monday, right? W: Um, well, I dont think I can start on Monday. I am visiting my father in Baltimore. And because I dont live in New York, Ill need a couple of days to find a

11、flat and buy some furniture and move my things from Avon. M: Oh, well. . . then, in that case I suppose Wednesday would be good. OK, see you then! 8. Why does the man call the woman? A. To tell her about her new job. B. To ask about her job program. C. To plan a meeting with her. 答案: A9. Who needs a

12、 new flat? A. Alex. B. Miranda. C. Andrea. 答案: C10. Where is the woman now? A. In Baltimore. B. In New York. C. In Avon. 答案: A听第8段材料, 回答第1113题。Text 8M: Good morning. Can I see your membership card, please? W: Well, Im actually here to join the book club today. M: Im really sorry. There is something

13、wrong with the computer. If you can come back on Mondaythats tomorrowwe can sign you up then. And we have a discount on Mondays and Tuesdays. W: Oh, but I have to see the dentist tomorrow, and I have a meeting to attend on Tuesday. M: In that case, you can leave your information on this piece of pap

14、er and Ill put your application into the computer tomorrow. W: Oh, thats wonderful! M: Which membership would you like: a one-year membership, a three-year membership, or a lifetime membership? There is a special gift for the lifetime membership. W: Let me see. I think a one-year membership is right

15、 for me. 11. What day is it today? A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Sunday. 答案: C12. What is the woman planning to do tomorrow? A. See her dentist. B. Attend a meeting. C. Join the book club. 答案: A13. How many kinds of membership cards are mentioned by the man? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. 答案: B听第9段材料, 回答第14

16、17题。Text 9M: I have such a busy day today. I dont know when Ill be home. Can you pick up our son from school today? W: Oh, you have to speak at the High School of Science and Technology today? M: Thatll be finished by 3 oclock. But then I have to go to the office and prepare my notes for my speech a

17、t the Computer Societys annual dinner tonight. W: Well, at least your magazine article has already been written and given to your editor. It was due today, wasnt it? M: Yes, at least thats done. In fact, it should be published sometime next month. W: Do you think youll be given time to eat tonight o

18、r will you have to spend the entire evening answering questions? M: I might be asked to speak as soon as everyone sits down for dinner. In that case, I guess Ill be pretty hungry when I get home. W: Do you have any idea what time youll be finished? M: No. W: Well, Ill have something ready for you to

19、 eat. Can you catch the last bus? Or maybe you should take a taxi. M: Dont worry, dear. Thats already been taken care of. The Computer Society is sending a car for me. Its picking me up at the office at six and will bring me home after the meeting. 14. What will the man do in the late afternoon? A.

20、Give a speech. B. Write a magazine article. C. Prepare some materials. 答案: C15. When should the magazine be published? A. Next month. B. Today. C. Sometime. 答案: A16. Where will the man have dinner tonight? A. At home. B. In the office. C. In a meeting room. 答案: A17. How will the man go back home? A.

21、 By bus. B. By car. C. By taxi. 答案: B听第10段材料, 回答第1820题。Text 10 A Greek man said he missed the Ethiopian Airlines flight that crashed just after taking off by mere minutes, in a Facebook post that has now been shared thousands of times. In a post called “My Lucky Day”, the man shared an image of what

22、 appears to be his boarding pass. “When I arrived, boarding was closed and I watched the last passengers in the tunnel go in. I screamed to put me in but they didnt allow it, ” he wrote. The flight crashed six minutes after taking off, killing all 157 people on board. The man said he was transferred

23、 to the next flight but was later told he was unable to board because security wanted to talk with him after discovering the plane had lost contact. “A security staff member told me gently not to protest and say thank-you to God, because I am the only passenger who did not enter the flight, ” he wro

24、te. Ethiopian Airlines said passengers from at least 35 countries were on the flight. The crash has led to questions about Boeings new 737 MAX 8 jet, which was also involved in another air crash that killed 189 people 5 months ago. 18. What do we know about the man? A. He was questioned by the secur

25、ity men. B. He flew back home in the next flight that day. C. He was the last passenger who boarded the plane. 答案: A19. When did the flight crash? A. Six minutes after taking off. B. Upon taking off. C. Sixty-six minutes after taking off. 答案: A20. What is the text mainly talking about? A. A lucky fl

26、ight. B. A narrow escape. C. A deadly crash. 答案: B第二部分阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 AGarden of the Drunken Bai PondWith a history of more than 300 years, the Pond of the Drunken Bai, a classical garden in the style of Ming Dynasty, is among the Five Cl

27、assical Gardens in Shanghai. “Bai” is said to be Li Bai, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty. However, some believe that “Bai” indicates Bai Juyi, another well-known poet in the Tang Dynasty. Zhujiajiao Ancient TownLocated at the bank of the Dianshan Lake in Qingpu District, Zhujiajiao Ancient Town, w

28、ith a history of over 1, 000 years, has been known as “Venice of Shanghai” for its simple but attractive appearance. Inside the town are rivers and bridges, giving tourists a sense of the ancient time. Upside-down HouseIn China, the upside-down house is a new thing, but in foreign countries, it is g

29、etting more and more popular in recent years, especially in Poland. As is name suggests, the house is built inverted(倒置的). Inside it, all the furniture and household items are placed upside down. People will feel the magic of a disorder space when walking in the house. Chenshan Botanical GardenThe g

30、arden covers a total area of about 206 hectares(公顷). Its theme is “Plant and Health”, combining research, education and landscape appreciation. It opened to the public in April, 2010, and is expected to be the largest one in Shanghai. Tickets: 40 yuan per person; children under 1. 2m: free of charge

31、 if accompanied by an adult. 【文章大意】本文属于应用文, 介绍了上海市四个旅游景点。21. Which of the following might have the longest history? A. Upside-down House. B. Zhujiajiao Ancient Town. C. Chenshan Botanical Garden. D. Garden of the Drunken Bai Pond. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第二段Located at the bank of the Dianshan Lake in Qingpu

32、District, Zhujiajiao Ancient Town, with a history of over 1, 000 years, has been known as “Venice of Shanghai” for its simple but attractive appearance. 可知, 朱家角的历史超过1000年, 是四个景点中历史最长的, 故选B。22. What can we know about the upside-down house? A. It is the most popular tourist attraction in Poland. B. It

33、 is increasing in popularity in foreign countries. C. It is the latest fashion sweeping across the whole world. D. It has been completely accepted both at home and abroad. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第三段In China, the upside-down house is a new thing, but in foreign countries, it is getting more and more popular

34、in recent years, especially in Poland. 可知, 在中国, 颠倒放置房屋是一个新鲜事物, 但是在国外, 近年来正变得越来越流行, 尤其是在波兰, 故选B。23. How much will a couple with a kid(1. 4m)pay for Chenshan Botanical Garden? A. 80 yuanB. 100 yuanC. 120 yuanD. 160 yuan【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段Tickets: 40 yuan per person; children under 1. 2m: free of charg

35、e if accompanied by an adult. 可知, 植物园的票价是40元每人, 1. 2米以下的孩子在成年人陪同下免费, 故可以得出一对夫妇加一个1. 4米的孩子, 票价共120元, 故选C。B(2021济南高一检测)Some students get so nervous before a test. They do poorly even if they know the material. Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly

36、 anxious test-takers. The students start worrying about the results. And when they worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources (资源). Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution. Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten

37、minutes writing about their worries about the test. The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students. They gave them two short maths tests. After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test. Pr

38、ofessor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored an average of 12% worse on the second test. But the students who had written about their fears improved their performance by an average of 5%. Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class. They told them before final exams either to

39、 write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated to the test. Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B+, compared to a B-for those who did not. “What we showed is that for students who are highly test-anxious, whod done our writing in

40、tervention (干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test anxiety and performance. They were performing just as well as their classmates who dont normally get nervous in these tests. ”But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an exam? Profe

41、ssor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一位心理学教授对考前焦虑症的学生的研究及帮助焦虑症学生的方法。24. What may the students start worrying about before an exam? A. Whether they can pass the exams. B. What other students do during the t

42、est. C. Whether they have remembered the materials. D. What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段中“The students start worrying about the results. (学生们开始担心考试结果)”可知, 考前学生开始焦虑的是他们的考试结果是否够能通过考试。故选A。25. What is the solution developed by researchers? A. Asking the students

43、to ignore the test. B. Asking the students to focus on the test. C. Asking the students to sit quietly before the test. D. Asking the students to write about their worries before the test. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中“Just before an exam, highly anxious test-takers spend ten minutes writing about their worri

44、es about the test. (在考试前, 高度焦虑的考生花十分钟写下他们对考试的担忧)”可知, 让学生写下他们对考试的担忧是研究者研究的解决方案。故选D。26. According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test _. A. became less nervous before the testB. were better at controlling their feelingsC. did worse than those who wrote about thei

45、r feelingsD. did better than those who wrote about their feelings【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“贝洛克教授说, 那些静静地坐着的人在第二次测试中的平均得分要低12%。但那些写下自己的恐惧的学生的表现平均提高了5%。接下来, 研究人员对生物课上低年级的学生进行了测试。他们让学生在期末考试前写下自己的感受, 或者想一些与考试无关的事情。贝洛克教授说, 那些写了担忧的高度焦虑的学生平均成绩为B+, 而那些没有写的学生只得了B-”可知, 根据贝洛克教授的研究, 那些思考与测试无关的事情的人比那些写下自己感受的人表现得更差。故选

46、C。27. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. Writing about our worries before an exam can work a bit. B. We can only write about our worries right before an exam. C. The best place to write about our worries is in the test room. D. It doesnt matter where we write about our worries before an

47、 exam. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据最后一段“但是如果学生们在考试前没有机会写下他们的恐惧呢? 贝洛克教授说, 学生可以在家里或图书馆里自己尝试, 仍然可以提高他们的表现”可推知, 考试前在哪里写对考试的担忧并不重要。故选D。CElephants have impressed us for centuries. They are big, clever, and sociable. But what if someone told you that they may also hold the key to fighting cancer (癌症)? People have been

48、wondering why elephants do not develop cancer, even though they have lifespans (寿命) that are similar to humans, living for around 50 to 70 years. Now scientists believe they know why. A team at the University of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors (肿瘤)

49、 from developing. To be precise, they found 20 copies of an anti-tumor gene called TP53 in elephants. Most other species, including humans, only carry one copy. According to the research, which was recently published on the online science network BioRxiv, the extra copies of the gene improved the an

50、imals sensitivity to DNA damage. This lets the cells quickly kill themselves when damaged before they can go on to form deadly tumors. “An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals, ” study author Dr. Vincent Lynch told The Guardian

51、. If every living cell (细胞) has the same chance of becoming cancerous, large creatures with long lifespans like whales and elephants should have a greater risk of developing cancer than humans and mice do. But across species, the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass. This phenome

52、non was found by Oxford University scientist Richard Peto in the 1970s and later named “Petos paradox”. Evolutionary (进化的) biologists believe it results from larger animals using protection that many smaller animals do not. In the elephants case, the making of TP53 is natures way of keeping this spe

53、cies alive. The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance (抵抗) as elephants. This means researchers could use the discovery to develop new treatments that can help stop cancers from spreading or even developing in the first place. “Na

54、ture has already figured out how to prevent cancer, ”said Joshua Schiffman, an oncologist at the School of Medicine, University of Utah, US. “Its up to us to learn how different animals tackle (处理) the problem so we can use those strategies to prevent cancer in people. ”【文章大意】本文属于说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了大

55、象很少患癌症的原因, 这对人类治疗癌症有非常重要的意义。28. Why are elephants unlikely to develop cancer? A. They have a large body size. B. Their genes suffer no DNA damage. C. Certain genes in their body kill existing tumors. D. They carry many genes that keep tumors from developing. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章第三段第二句话 “A team at the Un

56、iversity of Chicago, US has found that elephants carry a large number of genes that stop tumors from developing. ” 可知, 大象携带大量能够阻止肿瘤发展的基因。故正确答案为D。29. According to Dr. Vincent Lynch, what has been a risk in the evolution of large animals? A. A risk of deadly tumors. B. Human behavior. C. Extreme weath

57、er. D. Cells killing themselves. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由文章第五段第一句话 “An increased risk of developing cancer has stood in the way of the evolution of large body sizes in many animals, study author Dr. Vincent Lynch told The Guardian. ” 可知, 癌症风险的增加阻碍了大型动物的进化。故正确答案为A。30. What does the underlined expression “This

58、phenomenon” in the sixth paragraph refer to? A. Larger animals have protection from TP53. B. The risk of cancer is not related to body size. C. The larger animals are, the bigger risk of cancer they have. D. Larger animals suffer the same risk of cancer as smaller ones do. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据文意与逻辑推理可知,

59、“This phenomenon” 指代上文中的 “the risk of cancer does not show a connection with body mass. ” 即癌症的风险与身体大小没有关系。故正确答案为B。31. We can conclude from the last three paragraphs that _. A. humans are expected to stop cancer in the near futureB. depending on nature is not enough to fight against cancerC. this new

60、 treatment is more effective than the present onesD. the TP53 genes have proven useful in stopping cancer in mice【解析】选D。细节理解题。由文章倒数第三段第一句话 “The study also found that when the same genes were brought to life in mice, they had the same cancer resistance as elephants. ” 可知, 将同样的基因转入老鼠的体内, 它们也能像大象一样拥有癌症

61、抗体, 同样的基因指的是TP53基因。故选D。D(2021安庆高一检测)It was dinner time for the Rangers, a group of mostly Indigenous (本地的) Australians who had spent a long day cleaning up the polluted beaches of the continents northern coast. Soon they would be eating freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an op

62、en fire, as their ancestors did. The Rangers are of more than 100 Indigenous groups spread across Australia who have taken on the job of protecting the land of their forefathers. In Arnhem Land, they are the protectors of 3, 300 square miles of land and sea. They comb the beaches by hand, picking up

63、 as much rubbish as possible. The task is very difficult as each day it delivers waves of new rubbish. For the Rangers, cleaning the beaches is more than a vacation. For a people whose culture is strongly tied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history. However, col

64、onization forcefully broke their connection to the land generations ago. Indigenous people were displaced and their cultural practices outlawed. Tens of thousands of years of traditional land management ended, and as a result many parts of the country now face serious disasters from invasive plant a

65、nd animal species, bush fires and land mismanagement. In recent years, the government has restored more than 20 percent of Australias land to Indigenous owners. Since 2007, the Indigenous Rangers Organizations have been at work protecting this land. Luck, one of the few non-Indigenous employees work

66、ing with the Rangers, said the combination of old and new techniques and an appreciation for the culture of Indigenous workers has been critical to the programs success. “You are working with staff who see the world different to you, so there is a much higher focus on the cultural aspects of work an

67、d life, ” he said. “Being a ranger is a source of confidence. You feel strong, ” said Terence, a senior ranger. “Here we still live on the land. The culture is still alive. ” 【文章大意】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了澳大利亚土著人Rangers, 他们保护环境, 捡拾垃圾, 承担着保护祖先土地的任务, 对他们来说, 保护环境就等于保护他们的历史和文化。少数非土著人也与Rangers工作在一起来保护他们的文化。32. Wh

68、at did Indigenous Australians live on in the past? A. Rubbish picked up by hand. B. Protecting the land. C. Catching the fish and seafood. D. Invasive plants and animals. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第一段“Soon they would be eating freshly caught fish and seafood cooked under the stars on an open fire, as their ance

69、stors did. ”可知, 很快他们就能像他们的祖先一样, 在星空下的篝火上吃到新鲜的鱼和海鲜了。所以澳大利亚土著居民过去过着以捕鱼和打捞海鲜为主的生活。故选C。33. What do the Rangers think of cleaning the beaches? A. Its a job of their ancestors. B. Its just a vacation. C. Its a difficult task. D. Its their culture. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段“For a people whose culture is strongly t

70、ied to the land, protecting the environment is equal to preserving their history. ”可知, 对于一个文化与土地紧密相连的民族来说, 保护环境就等于保护他们的历史。所以Rangers认为清理海滩就是保护他们的文化。故选D。34. Why has the government restored the land to Indigenous owners? A. The polluted land needs better management. B. Their cultural practices were out

71、lawed. C. The people were too strong. D. The land belongs to them. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。由第四段可知, 成千上万年的传统的土地管理模式结束了, 因此, 这个国家的许多地区现在面临着来自外来动植物物种的入侵、丛林火灾和土地管理不善的严重灾难。所以政府要将土地归还给原著居民是因为被污染的土地需要他们更好的管理。故选A。35. What can we learn from the last three paragraphs? A. Not many employees are the Indigenous Australians

72、. B. Culture is important to the Indigenous Australians. C. Their new techniques are successful. D. Both Luck and Terence are rangers. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由倒数后三段可知, 新老技术的结合以及对土著人文化的欣赏对该项目的成功至关重要。他说: “你的同事和你有着不同的世界观, 所以应更加关注工作和生活中的文化方面。这种文化仍然存在。所以通过Luck和 Terence所说的话可以判断出, 从最后三段中能学到, 文化对澳大利亚土著居民很重要。故选B。第二节(共

73、5小题; 每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分)(2021南京高一检测)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Is Dieting OK for Kids? You may know some adults and kids who worry about their weight and say they are going on a diet. You might wonder if you should be on a diet, too. 36 Why? Lets find out. Dieting to Lose Weight 37 W

74、hen someone diets to lose weight, the person is trying to eat fewer calories than the body uses. By doing this, the person may lose body fat and decrease his or her weight. Similarly, if a person eats more calories than the body uses, the person may gain weight. Kids usually do not need to diet in t

75、his way. 38 During this time, kids need many kinds of healthy foods to keep their bodies growing properly. Some kids are overweight, but even overweight kids often can improve their health simply by eating nutritious foods and being more active. 39 But kids may hurt their health even more by doing s

76、omething drastic(极端的), like skipping meals or deciding to eat only vegetables. Who Needs to Diet? Though some people may feel they weigh too much or too little, there is no perfect body shape. Some people have bigger bones and will always look bigger and heavier than people with smaller bones. 40You

77、r doctor can examine you and check your body mass index (身体质量指数). Thats a way of estimating how much body fat you have. If the doctor is concerned about your weight, he or she can recommend a couple of goals. For some kids, the doctor may recommend losing some weight, but this should be done with th

78、e doctors help. Kids who need to lose weight may visit with a dietitian who can explain how to reduce calories safely while still getting all the necessary nutrients. A. It is important to form a good eating habit. B. Being overweight can cause health problems. C. Not eating properly can be very har

79、mful to kids. D. Unlike adults, kids are still growing and developing. E. Talk to your doctor if you have questions about your weight. F. All foods and many drinks contain calories, a kind of energy. G. However, most of kids do not need to and should not diet this way. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。一些成年人和孩子担心自己的体重

80、, 会通过节食来减肥。文章叙述了孩子们通常不需要节食, 小孩节食的后果, 什么人需要节食以及担心体重问题可以咨询医生等。36. 【解析】选G。根据上文可知, 一些成年人和孩子担心自己的体重, 想要节食。再结合下文, 叙述了孩子们通常不需要这样节食, 小孩节食的后果, 什么人需要节食等, 推知空白处是转折部分, 建议小孩不应该节食。G. “但是大多数孩子不需要也不应该这样节食。”切题。故选G项。37. 【解析】选F。下文“当有人节食减肥时, 他试图摄入比身体消耗的更少的卡路里。”与F. 所有的食物和饮料都含有卡路里一种能量。承接自然, 前后两句是因果关系。因为所有的食物和饮料都含有卡路里, 所以

81、节食时, 人试图摄入比身体消耗的更少的卡路里, 即涉入更少的食物。故选F项。38. 【解析】选D。由上一句“孩子们通常不需要这样节食。”和下一句“在这段时间里, 孩子们需要多种健康的食物来保持身体的正常生长。”可知, 孩子不需要节食, 因为孩子与成年人不同, 还在长身体, 需要多种健康的食物保持身体的正常生长, 由此推测设空处应起承上启下的作用。D. Unlike adults, kids are still growing and developing. “与成人不同, 孩子们仍在成长和发展。”切题。故选D项。39. 【解析】选B。由上一句“有些孩子体重超标, 但即使是超重的孩子, 只要吃有

82、营养的食物, 多运动, 就能改善他们的健康。”和下一句“但是孩子们做一些极端的事情, 比如不吃饭或者决定只吃蔬菜, 可能会对他们的健康造成更大的伤害。”可知, 设空处应起承上启下的作用, B. “超重会引起健康问题”切题。超重会引起健康问题, 但如果孩子通过极端的方式减肥, 会对健康更有危害。故选B项。40. 【解析】选E。分析段落结构可知, 设空处为小标题。由下文的“你的医生可以检查你的体重指数。这是一种估计你身体脂肪含量的方法。如果医生担心你的体重, 他或她可以推荐几个目标。”可知, 本段讲述如果你对自己的体重有疑问, 可以向医生咨询你的体重。E. “如果你对你的体重有疑问, 请咨询你的医

83、生。”切题。故选E项。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。I always remember the first time I tried ballet. My mother was a 41 and I wanted nothing more than to be like her, but after 42 during my first class, I felt like I wanted to quit right away. As it was on

84、ly my first day, 43, I told my mom I couldnt wait to dance again. Weeks passed and my dancing didnt get any better. So when my dance teacher announced that we were to perform in a show, I feared 44 on my face in front of hundreds of people, and 45 my mom. Even though I practiced for the show as much

85、 as I could, I never quite got the hang of it. Finally, feeling nervous and 46, I went to my mom to tell her how I felt. As I cried, I told her how 47 dancing was for me. My mother simply laughed and told me that from that day, she would teach me all she knew about ballet. She wiped the 48 from my f

86、ace, and I smiled. My mom quickly discovered how bad at ballet I was, but she still taught me with the greatest 49, love, and understanding. When I leapt and fell, she was there to catch me. When I lost my 50, she held me up. By the time the 51 arrived, I was as prepared as I could be. The music beg

87、an and my heart started to race. Breathing steadily, I began moving to the music without 52 a step. When the music stopped, I ran off the stage and laughed in 53. After the show, my mom found me and gave me a huge hug, telling me how proud she was. I looked my mom in the eye and told her that there

88、was no way this could have happened 54 her. Through this all, I realized one important 55: Never be afraid to reach for the stars, because even if you fall, youll always be wearing a “parent-chute”. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过叙述作者在妈妈的保护下学舞蹈的故事, 告诉我们“永远不要害怕去摘星星, 因为即使你掉下来了, 你仍然会有父母保护着。”41. A. teacherB. direct

89、orC. dancerD. musician【解析】选C。考查名词。teacher教师; director导演, 指导者; dancer舞蹈家; musician音乐家。我的母亲是一名舞蹈演员, 我只想成为她那样的人, 但在第一堂课上把事情搞砸后, 我觉得我想马上放弃。故选C。42. A. messing upB. making upC. keeping upD. picking up【解析】选A。考查动词词组。messing up混乱; making up组成, 构成; keeping up继续, 保持; picking up拾起, 接收到。我的母亲是一名舞蹈演员, 我只想成为她那样的人,

90、但在第一堂课上把事情搞砸后, 我觉得我想马上放弃。故选A。43. A. besidesB. howeverC. thereforeD. otherwise【解析】选B。考查副词。besides另外, 此外; however然而; therefore因此; otherwise要不然的话。然而, 因为这只是我第一天上芭蕾课, 我告诉妈妈我迫不及待地要再跳舞了。前后是一种转折关系, 故选B。44. A. standingB. fallingC. puttingD. dancing【解析】选B。考查动词。standing站立; falling落下; putting放; dancing跳舞。所以, 当我

91、的舞蹈老师宣布我们要在一个节目中表演时, 我害怕在几百人面前丢脸, 让我妈妈失望。故选B。45. A. disappointingB. satisfyingC. movingD. contusing【解析】选A。考查非谓语动词。disappointing令人失望; satisfying令人满意; moving令人感动; contusing挫伤。所以, 当我的舞蹈老师宣布我们要在一个节目中表演时, 我害怕在几百人面前丢脸, 让我妈妈失望。故选A。46. A. enthusiasticB. embarrassedC. understandingD. curious【解析】选B。考查形容词。enth

92、usiastic充满热情的; embarrassed尴尬的; understanding有理解力的; curious好奇的。最后, 我感到紧张和尴尬, 我去我妈妈那里告诉她我的感受。故选B。47. A. importantB. interestingC. impossibleD. unnecessary【解析】选C。考查形容词。important重要的; interesting有趣的; impossible不可能的; unnecessary不必要的。我一边哭, 一边告诉她我不可能跳舞。故选C。48. A. sweatB. tearsC. fearD. surprise【解析】选B。考查名词。s

93、weat汗水; tears眼泪; fear害怕; surprise惊讶。她擦去我脸上的泪水, 我笑了。故选B。49. A. courageB. boredomC. imaginationD. patience【解析】选D。考查名词。courage勇气; boredom厌烦; imagination想象; patience耐心。妈妈很快就发现我的芭蕾跳得有多差, 但她仍然以最大的耐心、爱心和理解来教我。故选D。50. A. balanceB. interestC. confidenceD. protection【解析】选A。考查名词。balance平衡; interest兴趣; confiden

94、ce自信; protection保护。我失去平衡时, 她扶着我。故选A。51. A. musicB. showC. audienceD. meeting【解析】选B。考查名词。music音乐; show演出; audience观众; meeting会议。演出开始的时候, 我已经做好了充足的准备。故选B。52. A. missingB. takingC. countingD. watching【解析】选A。考查动词。missing错过; taking拿走, 带走; counting计算, 计数; watching观看。我稳稳地呼吸着, 随着音乐一步一步地移动。故选A。53. A. turnB.

95、returnC. peaceD. excitement【解析】选D。考查名词。turn转变; return归还; peace和平; excitement兴奋。当音乐停止时, 我跑下舞台, 兴奋地笑了。故选D。54. A. despiteB. withoutC. forD. beyond【解析】选B。考查介词。我看着妈妈的眼睛告诉她, 没有她, 这一切都不可能发生。故选B。55. A. factB. solutionC. problemD. wonder【解析】选A。考查名词。fact事实; solution解决方案; problem难题; wonder惊奇。通过这一切, 我意识到一个重要的事实

96、。故选A。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1. 5分, 满分15分)(2021佛山高一检测)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。A penguin from New Zealand that washed up on a beach in Australia, after a journey of 1, 550 miles, is about to start its trip home. On 10 July, the Fiordland penguin 56. _(find) near the mouth of the Kennett River on the s

97、outh-eastern coast of Australia. Fiordland penguins rarely appear in Australia because it is usually too far for them to swim. They spend most of their time 57. _ New Zealands South Island and surrounding smaller islands. The underweight penguin was taken to Melbourne Zoo 58. _staff could look after

98、 it. At first, it was so ill 59. _it could not eat, so keepers had to hand-feed it with a mixture of nutrients(营养物)and liquids. As the penguin got 60. _(good), however, it soon developed a huge appetite. Once the penguin reached 61. _ (it) normal weight of around 3. 5 kilograms, it was sent to Phill

99、ip Island Nature Park, a conservation area on an island close to Melbourne. There it was able to get used to 62. _(swim) in a larger pool and could rebuild its muscles for 63. _ long journey home. Around eight weeks after it was rescued, vets (兽医)decided that the penguin was fine enough to release.

100、It has had a microchip 64. _(fit) so researchers can identify it if it 65. _(return) to New Zealand and is spotted there. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了被冲上了澳大利亚的海滩的一只来自新西兰的企鹅即将开始它的回家之旅。在它回家之前, 墨尔本动物园和菲利普岛自然公园为它做了大量工作。56. 【解析】was found。考查动词时态和语态。句意: 7月10日, 这只史纳尔岛企鹅在澳大利亚东南海岸的Kennett河口附近被发现。根据On 10 July可知时态是一般过去

101、时, 且主语是the Fiordland penguin, 与动词find之间是被动关系, 因此要用被动语态。故填was found。57. 【解析】on。考查介词。句意: 它们大部分时间都待在新西兰的南岛和周围较小的岛屿上。根据spend most of their time可知此处用介词on, 表示在什么地方。故填on。58. 【解析】where。考查定语从句的关系词。句意: 这只体重不足的企鹅被带到墨尔本动物园, 由工作人员照顾。分析句子可知, 此处是一个定语从句, 先行词是Melbourne Zoo, 表示地点, 根据定语从句主谓宾结构完整, 缺少地点状语, 因此用关系副词where。

102、故填where。59. 【解析】that。 考查结果状语从句的引导词。句意: 一开始, 它病得很厉害, 不能吃东西, 所以饲养员不得不用营养物和液体的混合物喂它。根据so ill和it could not eat可知此处用that引导结果状语从句, so. . . that. . . “如此以至于”。故填that。60. 【解析】better。考查形容词的比较级。句意: 然而, 随着企鹅身体的好转, 它很快就有了很大的胃口。根据got可知此处要用形容词做表语, 且由it soon developed a huge appetite可知要用形容词的比较级。故填better。61. 【解析】its

103、。考查代词。句意: 当这只企鹅的体重达到3. 5千克左右时, 它就被送到了菲利普岛自然公园墨尔本附近的一个岛屿保护区。根据normal weight可知此处要用形容词性物主代词修饰名词weight, 且主语是 the penguin。故填its。62. 【解析】swimming。考查动名词。句意: 在那里, 它能够适应在一个更大的水池里游泳, 并且能够为回家的长途旅程重练肌肉。根据get used to“习惯于, 适应于”可知此处要用doing形式。故填swimming。63. 【解析】the。考查冠词。句意: 在那里, 它能够适应在一个更大的水池里游泳, 并且能够为回家的长途旅程重练肌肉。根

104、据long journey home可知此处用定冠词the, 表示特指回家的长途旅程。故填the。64. 【解析】fitted。考查过去分词。句意: 它已经安装了一个微芯片, 这样研究人员可以在它返回新西兰并被发现时识别它。根据had a microchip可知此处要用过去分词形式, had sth. done“已经做完某事”。故填fitted。65. 【解析】returns。考查动词时态。句意: 它已经安装了一个微芯片, 这样研究人员可以在它返回新西兰并被发现时识别它。根据and is spotted there可知时态是一般现在时, 且主语是it, 因此谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填r

105、eturns。第四部分写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节(满分15分) (2021保定高一检测)假定你是李华, 受疫情(pandemic)影响, 学校美术俱乐部的活动不能在原教室进行, 改为上一节网课。请写信通知你的英国同学Peter。内容包括: 1. 上课时间: 7月21日上午9: 0010: 00; 2. 登录软件: Ding Talk App; 3. 内容: 卡通画; 4. 课前准备。注意: 1. 词数80个左右; 2. 可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。Dear Peter, _Yours, Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Peter, How are you these days?

106、 I am writing to tell you something about our art class. Because of the pandemic, we cant organize any activities in our former classroom as usual. Instead, we will have an online class by Ding Talk App. The class will begin at 9: 00 am on July 21st . It will last about one hour, during which we wil

107、l learn to draw our favorite cartoon figures. To make good preparations for the online class, you are required to download Ding Talk App on your cellphone in advance and log on at least five minutes before the class. Hope everything goes well! Yours, Li Hua第二节(满分25分)阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇

108、完整的短文。(2021邯郸高一检测)Dad put his hand into my basket. “Whats that? ” he asked. “Mew, ” said the basket. Dad pulled his hand away. “Oh no, ” he said. “Not a cat. No way. I dont want a cat around. You send it on its way. ”Dad had a kind heart, but he had no interest in cats. Dad was a horse man. His drea

109、m was to own a horse. I pulled Checkers from the basket. “Its not a cat. Its a kitten (小猫). What a pretty kitten! Can I keep him? Please? ”Dad thought for a minute. “Youll have to take good care of him. ”I petted Checkers. “I will, ” I promised. “He wont be any trouble at all. ”And Checkers wasnt an

110、y trouble until he grew into a cat. He wanted to be the first one into the house and the first one out of the house. Sometimes Dad tripped (绊) over him. “That cat! ” Dad shouted. Checkers climbed onto our roof. He had no trouble getting down. Usually he aimed (瞄准) for Dad. “That cat! ” Dad shouted.

111、Checkers flushed (冲洗) the toilet and watched the water circle away. “That cat! ” Dad shouted. Checkers hid in strange places. He liked to surprise people. One day he hid under the sofa. Dad walked by with a glass of orange juice. Checkers jumped out. He scratched (抓) Dads left leg. Orange juice fell

112、 all over the floor. Dad got angry and put Checkers outside. “Go away, cat, ” he said. And he shut the door. I saw Checkers looked sad as he walked down the road. “Im sorry Checkers scratched you, ” I said. “He was just playing. He didnt mean to hurt you. ”“Dont worry, ” said Dad. “That cat will be

113、back. ”注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。After supper I called for Checkers, but he didnt come. _Then one night the phone rang. _【参考范文】After supper I called for Checkers, but he didnt come. Nighttime came. I called and called. But still no Checkers. I left the light on. But the next morning Checkers still wasnt ther

114、e. I worried about him very much. I took a picture of Checkers to all the neighbors. I drew posters and hung them all over. But nobody found Checkers. Days went by. Life wasnt the same without that cat. I was angry with Dad. I didnt think he missed Checkers at all. Then one night the phone rang. “We

115、ll be right over, ” said Dad. We drove to a nearby farm. The farmer opened the door. Out ran a black-and-white cat “Checkers! ” I cried. Checkers mewed. We rubbed noses, “I missed you! ” I said. The farmer smiled. “Good thing I saw that advertisement in the paper. ” I looked at Dad. “You put an ad i

116、n the paper? ” Dads face turned red. He nodded. He petted Checkers. “Its good to have him back, ” he said. . 概要写作阅读下面短文, 根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。For many years the school system in Finland has been very successful. In the PISA survey, which compares reading, math and science knowledge of 15-year-olds aro

117、und the world, Finland is not only the top European country but also competes with Asian giants like Shanghai, Singapore and The Republic of Korea. But what makes the educational system in this small country so different from others in the western countries? Until the 1960s, most Finlands most stude

118、nts left school after six years. In the middle of the 1960s, the Finnish government saw the need to change and modernize their education system if they want to be internationally competitive. Lawmakers made a simple decision: a basic school for all the 7- to 16-year-olds. Compulsory (义务的) education

119、begins at 7. The government makes it possible for all children to attend preschool as well. Most of Finlands schools get their money from the government. The people who are in charge of the education system, from teachers to officials are trained teachers, not politicians like in other countries. Te

120、achers work with their pupils in school as much as possible. When teachers are not with the pupils, they spend a lot of time in schools working on the curriculum (课程) and new projects. Schools in Finland are small, at least for international standards. So teachers know every pupil in their school an

121、d try everything to succeed with their pupils. In contrast to other nations, Finland selects its teachers very carefully: only talented teachers go on to a university and receive a masters degree in education. Finland only takes the best to educate its youth. All Finnish children, whether they come

122、from the city or the country, whether from a rich or poor family, have the same chances in education. There are not so many differences between the wealthy and the poor, as in America or other Western European countries. Education experts say that there is very little difference between very good an

123、d the worst students. Two thirds of Finnish pupils move on to higher education, the highest rate in the European Union. _【参考范文】Why has the Finnish educational system been more successful than those of other Western countries? (要点1) The success is mainly due to its compulsory education for both schoo

124、l and preschool children. (要点2) Additionally, the government finances the schools, and professionals manage the system. (要点3) Teachers, carefully chosen and well educated, also devote themselves to education. (要点4) Another reason is that children share equal opportunities and similar results for edu

125、cation. (要点5). 单句语法填空1. She is a determined(determine) person and seldom changes her mind. 2. The man has the ability to come up with simple, effective solutions(solve) to practical problems. 3. Their house was destroyed(destroy) in the flood, so they had to live with their parents. 4. When he got t

126、here, the variety(vary) of the wildlife there surprised him. 5. It is amazing(amazed) to see the colorful fish swimming around. 6. Shocked(shock) at the news, the woman stood there and couldnt say one word. 7. It is said that the plants that the little sheep feeds on have been destroyed. 8. How was it that he got into such a position where he had to lead a poor life? 9. At the age when other people retire, Francis began the greatest cause. 10. Is this the reason why he refused our help?