2020-2021学年高中英语 Unit 1 building the future单元综合检测（含解析）牛津译林版选修10.doc

1、单元综合检测(一).阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)ARevolutionary TV EarsTV Ears has helped thousands of people with various degrees of hearing loss hear the television clearly without turning up the volume (音量) and now its better and more affordable than ever! With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own h

2、eadset volume，while other TV listeners hear the television at a volume level thats comfortable for them. You can even listen through the headset only and put the TV on mute (静音) if the situation calls for a quiet environment maybe the baby is sleeping. Or perhaps you are the only one who is interest

3、ed in listening to the ballgame.TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset. This tip reduces outside noise so that television dialogue is clear and understandable. Get the technology that has proven to help the m

4、ost demanding customers. Thats why TV Ears has earned the trust and confidence of audiologists (听觉学家) nationwide as well as worldfamous doctors.Doctor Recommended TV Ears!“My wife and I have used TV Ears almost daily for the past two years and find them a great help in our enjoyment of television. A

5、s a retired ear doctor, I heartily recommend TV Ears to people with normal hearing as well as those with hearing loss.”Robert Forbes，M.D.，CACustomer Recommended TV Ears!“Now my husband can have the volume as loud as he needs and I can have the TV at my hearing level. TV Ears is so comfortable that J

6、ack forgets he has them on! He can once again hear and understand the dialogue.”Darlene & Jack B，CARisk Free Trial! TV Ears comes with a 30day risk free trial. Special Offer Now59.95. If youre not satisfied, return it. Moneyback guarantee!Call now! 8001237832【语篇解读】本文是一篇广告类的应用文。文章介绍的是一个全新的“电视耳机”。它与普通

7、的耳机有什么不同呢？让我们一起来看看吧！1TV Ears helps you Aimprove your sleeping qualityBlisten to TV without disturbing othersCchange TV channels without difficultyDbecome interested in ballgame programs【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中的With TV Ears wireless technology, you set your own headset volume，while other TV listeners hear th

8、e television at a volume level thats comfortable for them.可知答案为B。A、C两项文中未提及；D项是对第一段最后一句Or perhaps you are the only one who is interested in listening to the ballgame.的曲解。【答案】B2What makes TV Ears different from other headsets?AIt can easily set TV on mute.BIts headset volume is adjustable.CIt has a n

9、ew noise reduction ear tip.DIt applies special wireless technology.【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的TV Ears patented technology includes a revolutionary noise reduction ear tip, not used in any other commercially available headset.可知，C项It has a new noise reduction ear tip.与之符合，应为正确答案。原文中并未指出A、B、D三项是TV Ears与其他耳机的不同方

10、面。【答案】C3This advertisement is made more believable by Ausing recommendationsBoffering reasons for this inventionCproviding statisticsDshowing the results of experiments【解析】细节理解题。由文中两个方框内容(Doctor Recommended TV Ears！和Customer Recommended TV Ears！)可知，这篇广告给出了来自医生和顾客的推荐(recommendations)，从而使其更具有可信性，故答案为A

11、。【答案】ABBased on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe. Geographers predict that within the next eighty years, current world climate zones could shift and some could completely disappear. Polar regions will g

12、et colder while tropical regions will get even hotter, forcing animals to migrate (迁徙) north.Climate changes like these could lead to the spread of diseases. Tropical storms and hurricanes will not only increase but may also become more intense. If the changes come too quickly, animal and plant spec

13、ies may not be able to adapt fast enough and could disappear.According to Science Daily, a new study predicts that by the year 2100, many of todays familiar climates will be replaced by climates unknown in todays world. It is urgent that we reduce the risks of these farreaching consequences for the

14、whole world. The planet itself has been showing signs of change. In 2004, a serious tsunami created by a major earthquake killed thousands in Sumatra and in 2008, thousands died in China because of another severe earthquake. Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2

15、010 by yet another massive earthquake. Within just the last few months, new reports from around the world have been coming in and most agree that our climate situation is much worse than previously thought. At this point, it doesnt matter what is causing it, but rather, what can be done about it. Wh

16、ats more, our world is getting more and more unstable every year. There is war and threat of war everywhere. Natural disasters are becoming more frequent and serious.However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own and some scientists believe there may be some connection bet

17、ween this. No one knows anything for sure at this point because there is simply not enough data.【语篇解读】本文叙述了气候的变化会导致的严重后果，如：动物迁徙、地震和海啸。现在导致气候变化的原因不重要了，重要的是我们应该采取措施，应对气候的变化。4Which of the following would be the best title for the passage ?AWays to protect our planetBSolutions to climate changeCBe prepa

18、red for climate changeDClimate change and its effects【解析】标题确定题。根据文章第一句Based on new analysis, we are rapidly approaching major climate change and the effects on society and the environment could be quite severe.由关键词climate change and the effects可知。【答案】D5What is the authors purpose in using the exampl

19、es of earthquakes?ATo show the damage earthquakes caused. BTo remind people to prevent future earthquakes.CTo show major changes are taking place on the planet.DTo tell us more earthquakes will happen in the future. 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的第三句The planet itself has been showing signs of change可知，我们的星球已经表现出变化

20、的迹象。【答案】C6What does the underlined word “devastated” in Paragraph 3 mean?ASeparated.BDestroyed.CRemoved.DAffected.【解析】词义猜测题。根据第三段的最后一句Egypt was hit in 2009 with a major earthquake and Haiti was devastated in 2010 by yet another massive earthquake. 埃及2009年发生了大地震，海地2010年又一次遭受了大地震，被地震破坏、摧毁。【答案】B7What c

21、an be inferred from the passage?AAnimals and plants wont die out as long as climate changes slowly.BTheres enough data for us to predict the future of climate change.CThe world is getting more unstable because of animal migration.DThe earth is not the only planet that is experiencing climate change.

22、【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句However, other planets are experiencing global warming as well as our own不仅我们的星球而且其他星球都在经历着全球变暖。【答案】DCScientists have claimed a milestone in the drive for new energy development of the first practical artificial leaf, an advanced solar cell that imitates the process, called photos

23、ynthesis(光合作用), that green plants use to make sunlight and water into energy.“A practical artificial leaf has been a dream of scientists for decades，” said Daniel Nocera, who led the research team. “We believe we have made it. The artificial leaf shows particular promise as an inexpensive source of

24、electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries. One can imagine villages in India and Africa soon purchasing an affordable basic power system based on this technology.”The leaf is like the shape of a poker card but thinner. Placed in water in a bright sunlight, it could produce enough ele

25、ctricity to supply a house in a developing country with electricity for a day by splitting water into hydrogen and oxygen, which are stored in a fuel cell to produce electricity.The “artificial leaf” is not a new concept. The first artificial leaf was developed more than a decade ago by John Turner.

26、 However, it was impractical for wider use, as it was composed of rare, expensive metals and was highly unstable with a lifespan of barely one day.Noceras new leaf overcomes these problems. It is made of inexpensive materials that are widely available, works under simple conditions and is highly sta

27、ble. Laboratory studies showed that it could operate continuously for at least 45 hours without a drop in activity.The key to this breakthrough is Noceras recent discovery of several new powerful, inexpensive catalysts, which are able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditions. Righ

28、t now, Noceras leaf is about 10 times more efficient at carrying out photosynthesis than a natural leaf. Yet he is optimistic that he can boost the efficiency of the device much higher in the future.【语篇解读】穷人的福音。一种能够进行光合作用的人造叶子能够发电了，而且非常的廉价，作者在文中对其做了具体的说明。8Daniel Nocera describes his artificial leaf

29、as promising in Amaking an artificial plant that can feed itselfBfinding a new kind of catalyst to produce electricityCchanging the sunlight and water into electricity directlyDproviding electricity for the poor family at a low cost【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段第三句话The artificial leaf shows particular promise as a

30、n inexpensive source of electricity for homes of the poor in developing countries可知答案选D。【答案】D9According to the passage, catalysts in the artificial leaf Aspeed up the process of chemical reactionsBreduce the loss of energy during its operationCwork as a media to store collected energyDslow down the

31、course of chemical reactions【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句话The key to this breakthrough is Noceras recent discovery of several new powerful, inexpensive catalysts, which are able to accelerate the chemical reaction under simple conditions. which代替的就是catalysts，它的作用就是加速化学反应的，故答案选A。【答案】A10The underlined word“it”i

32、n the fourth paragraph refers to AphotosynthesisBcatalyst used by the solar cellCTurners artificial leafDNoceras new leaf【解析】推理判断题。本it和上一个it指的是同一个事物，即：Turners artificial leaf。根据上下文逻辑，不难猜出。【答案】C11The passage is most probably from Aa science fiction storyBa fairy tale bookCan advertisement for solar p

33、roductsDa science news report【解析】推理判断题。从文章内容看本篇文章是一篇科普文章，故出处应当是D。【答案】DD“Plants were supposed to grow larger with increased carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, but changes in temperature, humidity and nutrient availability seem to have trumped the benefits of increased carbon dioxide，” said researchers

34、 from the National University of Singapore.45 percent of the species studied now reach smaller adult sizes than they did in the past. The researchers point out that warmer temperatures and changing habitats, caused by climate change, are possible reasons for the shrinking of creatures.“We do not yet

35、 know the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected，” the researchers said. “Until we understand more, we could be risking negative consequences that we cant yet quantify.”The change was big in coldblooded animals. Only two decades of warmer tem

36、peratures were enough to make reptiles (爬行动物) smaller. An increase of only 1 caused nearly a 10 percent increase in metabolism (新陈代谢). Greater use of energy resulted in tiny tortoises and little lizards. Fish are smaller now, too. Though overfishing has played a part in reducing numbers, experiments

37、 show that warmer temperatures also stop fish growth.There is a recent report on warmer temperatures negative effects on plankton (浮游生物), the base of the marine ecosystem.Warmblooded animals werent immune from the size change caused by climate change. Many birds are now smaller. Mammals have been mi

38、niaturized, too. Soay sheep are thinner. Red deer are weaker. And polar bears are smaller, compared with historical records. This isnt the first time this has happened in Earths history.55 million years ago, a warming event similar to the current climate change caused bees, spiders and ants to shrin

39、k by 50 to 75 percent over several thousand years. That event happened over a longer time than the current climate change.The speed of modern climate change could mean organisms may not respond or adapt quickly enough, especially those with long generation times. So, it is likely that more negative

40、influences of climate change will be shown in the future.【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了一种生物现象，现在生物正变得越来越小，而世人对原因尚不清楚，未来会如何，会令我们有所担心。12Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?AWhy do some species become smaller?BSpecies become smaller as climate warmsCClimate change has many negative effectsDHo

41、w does climate change in Earths history?【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章第二段可知答案，第一段导入话题，第二段点明主题。【答案】B13The underlined word “trumped” in the first paragraph can be replaced by “ ”AbeatenBincreasedCstrengthenedDequaled【解析】词义猜测题。根据前面的转折连词but可以判断“trumped”的词义与increase的意思基本相反，故A最接近。【答案】A14Researchers from the National Univ

42、ersity of Singapore believe that Aclimate change has more negative effects on warmblooded animalsBall the animals on the Earth have become smallerCtoo many studies on animals sizes have been doneDhow climate change affects animals sizes has not been found clearly【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句话“We do not yet kno

43、w the exact mechanisms involved, or why some organisms are getting smaller while others are unaffected，” the researchers said.现在人们依然不知道生物变小的原因。【答案】D15What can we learn from the passage?AColdblooded animals become smaller because of the lack of food.BBirds have suffered more from climate change than

44、fish.CClimate change has even affected plankton negatively.DThe warming event has never happened in Earths history before.【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话There is a recent report on warmer temperatures negative effects on plankton (浮游生物), the base of the marine ecosystem.可知。【答案】C.阅读七选五(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Heal

45、th is the most important thing in the world. Nothing is more important than health. If we take away our money, houses, or even our clothes, we can still survive. 16 That is why we always try to eat in a healthy way and exercise regularly. How can we keep healthy? In order to eat healthily, I usually

46、 avoid eating food high in fat, like French fries or cookies, which are junk food. 17 I eat a lot of vegetables and fresh fruit which are full of vitamins. 18 Taking exercise every day helps us build a strong body. Regular exercise is an important part of keeping me healthy.Whats more, I think frien

47、ds are an important part of ones health. 19 I always feel better when I am with friends than I am alone. When I am with friends, I always laugh.Laughing is also an important part of health. Its good to stay with my friends.By eating properly and exercising regularly, I can keep my mind as well as my

48、 body happy. These things sound easy to do, but not many people can manage them. 20 AOn the other hand, doing exercise is very important.BThere are some people who like staying alone, but they keep healthy.CMany students show that people with a wide range of social contacts dont get sick.DBut if our

49、 health was taken away, it is certain that we would surely die.EI think a strong will is necessary if we want to keep healthy. FI only eat little meat.GSome people appear fat because they often eat too much.【答案】1620DFACE. 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)My name is Margaret. I have been a professional 21 for

50、twenty years. Im always amazed how sorrow and pain can bring such wonderful gifts as wisdom, patience and love. 22 ， we often get so caught up in the daily necessities and routines that we 23 the very things that can bring us joy and teach us many valuable lessons.I was hired to 24 a very special la

51、dy. I was to prepare meals for her, make sure she took her medicine 25 ， do light housekeeping, and provide transportation to and from the market and her doctors appointments. All of these 26 were important and necessary so that she could remain independent. Our focus was just that 27 her to remain

52、living independently.It was on a cold rainy night. She turned her little head and smelt her pillow after she had 28 got into bed. I observed tears running from her eyes. She said, “Its been such a long time since Ive had 29 sheets; I love the smell of fresh clean sheets. I couldnt 30 the sheets myse

53、lf anymore. Thank you so much for changing my sheets. ”Such a simple 31 as smelling clean sheets brought such great joy to her life. That was the day I learned unconditional care. The next day we sat down and 32 what was important to her, what she liked, and how she had done things all these years.

54、I never knew how much I would enjoy and learn from her 33 her life experiences with me. She was the sunshine in my life.Im so 34 for the lessons I have learnedthe lessons I almost 35 because I forgot to slow down to look and see the beauty that was right in front of me.【语篇解读】本文讲述了“我”在照顾一位老人的时候，发现仅仅一

55、张干净的床单就让这位老人非常开心，于是就和老人有了很多的交流。从她那里知道了在生活中我们应该停下来，看看周围美丽的景色。而不是一直在赶路，忽视了身边最美好的事物。21A.teacherBdoctorCcoachDcaregiver【解析】根据文章第二段可知“我”被雇用来照顾一位老妇人。说明我是照顾人的caregiver，故选D项。【答案】D22A.HoweverBThereforeCBesidesDThough【解析】However然而；Therefore因此；Besides而且；Though尽管。然而我们经常被陷在日常事务之中以至于经常忽略能够给我们带来快乐的事物，故选A项。【答案】A23A

56、.valueBadmireCacquireDignore【解析】value珍惜；admire钦佩；acquire获得；ignore忽视。我们经常被陷在日常事务之中以至于经常忽略能够给我们带来快乐的事物，故选D项。【答案】D24A.care forBlook forCcall upDpick up【解析】care for照顾；look for寻找；call up召集；pick up捡起。“我”被雇佣来照顾一个很特殊的老妇人，故选A项。【答案】A25A.constantlyBhappilyCproperlyDimmediately【解析】constantly不断地；happily开心地；prope

57、rly恰当地，合理地；immediately立刻。“我”给她准备饭菜，保证她恰当服药，故选C项。【答案】C26A.lessonsBtasksCmealsDgifts【解析】lessons课程，教训；tasks任务；meals饭菜；gifts礼物。本句是指上句提及的我要为她做的所有这些任务都是很必要和重要的，能让她保持独立，不依靠他人，故选B项。【答案】B27A.helpingBforcingCpersuadingDadvising【解析】help帮助；force强迫；persuade说服；advise建议。我们的中心任务就是帮助她独立生活，故选A项。【答案】A28A.alsoBevenCsti

58、llDjust【解析】also也；even甚至；still仍然；just只是，仅仅。她只是刚刚上床，就转头闻枕头上的味道，故选D项。【答案】D29A.newBcleanCexpensiveDbeautiful【解析】本句是指她已经很长时间没有换干净的床单了，故选B项。【答案】B30A.makeBrepairCchangeDbuy【解析】她告诉“我”说她自己不能换床单，所以谢谢“我”帮助她，故选C项。【答案】C31A.pleasureBsuccessCofferDdesire【解析】pleasure快乐；success成功；offer提议；desire欲望。就像闻干净的床单这样一件很简单的快乐的

59、事情能够给她的生活带来如此巨大的快乐。故A项正确。【答案】A32A.dealt withBtook upCcarried outDtalked about【解析】deal with处理；take up占据；carry out执行；talk about谈论。第二天“我们”坐在一起谈论对她来说最重要的事情，故选D项。【答案】D33A.sharingBcomparingCdiscussingDrecalling【解析】share分享；compare比较；discuss讨论；recall回忆。本题是一个固定搭配share sth. with sb.与某人分享某事。她和“我”分享她的生活经历。给“我”带

60、来了很大的影响，故选A项。【答案】A34A.famousBsorryCanxiousDthankful【解析】famous著名的；sorry悲伤的；anxious焦虑的；thankful感激的。对于“我”所得到的这个教训“我”非常感激，故选D项。【答案】D35A.acceptedBmissedCunderstoodDgained【解析】accept接受；miss错过；understand理解；gain赢得。这是一个“我”几乎错过的教训，因为“我”忘记了要停下来看看就在自己眼前的美丽的事物，故选B项。【答案】B.语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)A hutong is an an

61、cient city street typical in Beijing.36. (surround) the Forbidden City，many were built during the Yuan，Ming and Qing 37. (dynasty)In order to establish the strongest power，emperors planned the city and arranged the residential areas.38. center of the city Beijing was the royal palacethe Forbidden Ci

62、ty.At the end of the Qing dynasty，after 39. (close) China came under the influence from abroad，many old hutongs lost 40. (they) former neat arrangement.After the founding of the Peoples Republic of China in 1949，hutong conditions 41. (improve)But in recent years，the houses in many hutongs have been

63、pulled 42. and replaced by modern buildings.And the hutong today is fading into the shade for 43. tourists and local people.However，in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one 44. (three) of the total area，providing housing for half population，so many hutongs 45. (survive)

64、In this respect，we see the old in the new in Beijing as an ancient yet modern city.【答案】36.Surrounding37.dynasties38.The39.closed40.their41.were improved42.down 43both44.third45.have survived.书面表达(满分15分)假如你是李华，今年暑假打算去大理看望你的朋友Lily，请根据以下内容给她发一个80词左右的email，告诉她你的行程安排，并了解一些情况。1乘飞机，8月12日上午8：30起飞，行程40分钟。2不用

65、接机，因为随机还有其他几个同学，下飞机后一起直达古城，然后和Lily在古城门口见面。3询问当地的天气、需要做些什么准备、带多少钱为好，望告知。Dear Lily，Thank you very much for your last invitation. Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua【参考范文】Dear Lily，Thank you very much for your last invitation. Hows everything going? Im writing to tell you something about our

66、trip to Dali.With the holiday approaching, I intend to go to Dali to pay a visit to you. Im going there by plane which takes off at 8：30 am on August, 12th. And it will take us 40 minutes all the way there. Besides, you dont need to meet me, because there are other friends together. After flight, we

67、 are heading to your Ancient City where well meet. Id also like to know what I need to prepare for and how much money I should take. By the way, what will the weather like? Please tell me as soon as possible.Im looking forward to your reply.Yours，Li Hua.读后续写(满分25分)It is the rainy season all over Ind

68、ia.In the news we have seen heavy rain hit many parts of the country，which are already flooded(被淹没)We have got used to floods.Children really enjoy the rain and the floods.They love playing with water.Sometimes they jump in the water and are always happy to do it.However，this year it turned from bad

69、 to worse.All schools were closed，and it was announced a holiday by the government the previous day.We stayed indoors and watched life through our windows.Water entered the flats on the ground floor.All the neighbors helped people living there move their belongings and stayed with them.My friends we

70、re also staying with me.I was happy，because my parents usually dont allow me to stay in a friends place.But our neighbors were really sad.They had to bear the loss(损失)that the rain brought.The traffic was cut off by the terrible weather as well.In the morning，the railway system and bus services almo

71、st came to a stop.People had to wait for quite a long time at the railway stations and bus stops.My mother，who went by train，arrived three hours late.And finally when she reached her office，it was also announced a holiday.Later，to make the things worse，many trains were cancelled，because the railways

72、 were full of water.My mother had to wait in the station for about three hours.Afterwards she decided to go to a friends house a block away from her office that day，as there was hardly any transportation available to our home.She called to tell us about it.She told me that she walked all the way to

73、her friends house because she could not get on a bus，and that she was wet thoroughly when she finally got there.On the phone she sounded very tired.Paragraph 1：That night was so different without my mother at home. Paragraph 2：The next day the rain did not stop. 【参考范文】Paragraph 1：That night was so d

74、ifferent without my mother at home.I was a bit sad that my mother would not come home that day.Looking out of the window，I could see the drops of rain were huge.It was pouring down into the air.My little sister started crying when she didnt see my mother.My father tried to put her to sleep but in va

75、in.I was so worried: what if mother could not come back home tomorrow?Paragraph 2：The next day the rain did not stop. The children in our flat went out to float paper boats，while the neighbors stayed at home making cookies by themselves.The main door of the flat was left open；we did everything together.To our relief，my mother finally came back at 12：00 by walking.My sister was happy and couldnt help hugging her.This rainy season was so memorable.