2020-2021学年外研版（2019）高中英语选择性必修四学案：UNIT 6 SPACE AND BEYOND 预习新知早知道1 WORD版含答案.doc

1、.匹配词义A单词匹配()1.accustomedAn.概念；观点；看法()2.notionBadv.瞬间地()3.hazardous Cadj.习惯的；通常的；惯常的()4.shuttleDv.重新激起，重新唤起()5.excursion Eadj.危险的，不安全的()6.rekindle Fn.航天飞机()7.tragically Gn.(有特定目的的)短途出行()8.instantaneously Hadv.悲惨地，不幸地答案15CAEFG68DHBB短语匹配()1.cast a shadow onA在火车(或轮船、飞机)上()2.on boardB习惯于（做）某事()3.set foot

2、 on C踏上；登上()4.become accustomed to.D给蒙上阴影()5.tune in E收听；收看答案15DACBE.默写单词1unexceptional adj.平常的2shadow n. 坏影响，阴影3scream v. (因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫4suspend v. 暂停，中止5crew n. (飞机上的)全体机组人员.语境填词accustomed；reach for the stars；shadow；took off；crew；cast a shadow on；unexceptional；screamed；called to；are suspended1Hi

3、s face was deep in shadow2The fans screamed with excitement when they saw him.3The crew of the flight did a good job landing the plane safely.4Rail services are suspended in definitely because of the strike.5He didnt want to cast a shadow on their happiness.6Do you know what the opposite of unexcept

4、ional is?7The plane took off an hour late because of bad weather.8He was a person accustomed to having eight hours sleep a night.9She called to her father for help.10The phrase “reach for the stars” means that someone has high or ambitious aims.语法填空之派生词1He was endlessly kind and patient(patience)wit

5、h children.2Whenever we have trouble with our studies，our teachers help us patiently(patient)3His actions were based on a false assumption(assume)4Assuming(assume)hes still alive，how old would he be now?5This is its notional(notion)explanation：the condition of creditors rights debt?6My eyes slowly g

6、rew accustomed(accustom)to the dark.7Tragically(tragic)，his wife was killed in a car accident.8. Shadowy(shadow)figures approached them out of the fog.9Both poets drew their inspiration(inspire)from the countryside.10The word “unexceptional”(exceptional)means not interesting or unusual.1With Armstro

7、ngs now famous words “Thats one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.随着阿姆斯特朗那句至今仍然著名的话“这是个人的一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾经被认为不可能的事情现在已经做到了。2The world went into shock, most people having assumed that this space flight would be no more dangero

8、us than travelling in an aeroplane.全世界陷入震惊，大多数人本来认为这次太空飞行会和乘普通飞机旅行一样安全。3.they take their place alongside the other heroes of space exploration，such as Gagarin，Tereshkova，Armstrong and Yang Liwei.但他们与加加林、特列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等同属太空探索的英雄。4The memory of those seven will live forever，written in the stars，inspi

9、ring us to join them in humanitys greatest journey of exploration and discovery.那七个人将永远被我们铭记，他们的名字已写在星星上，激励我们与他们一道去做人类最伟大的探索和发现之旅。5The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue to reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem.“挑战者号”做出的牺牲呼唤着我们，提醒我们必须继续努力进星

10、太空探索，不管它们看起来有多么遥远。词汇积累set foot on踏上；登上become accustomed to 习惯于（做某事）notion n概念；观点；看法lunar adj.月球的；月亮的；阴历的be aware of意识到，知道arduous adj.艰苦的；艰难的hazardous adj.危险的，不安全的undertaking n(重大或艰巨的)任务，项目go wrong(情况)出岔子，出差错make it(及时)到达(尤指来得及做某事)；及时赶上参加；(经历艰难困苦后)成功unexceptional adj. 平常的；乏味的innovation n(新事物、思想或方法的)创

11、造；创新succeed v成功；接替；继任；随后出现replace v代替；取代take off v(飞机)起飞involved adj.参与；作为一部分tune in to sth.收听/收看be about to do sth.正要做某事；即将demonstrate v证明；证实objective n目标；目的adj.客观的communicate v(与某人)交流(信息或消息、意见等)；传达，传递(想法、感情、思想等)a sense of的感觉rekindle v重新激起；重新唤起might have done sth.过去本可以做了某事on board在火车(或轮船、飞机)上assume

12、 v假定；假设；认为no 比较级than两者都不cast a shadow on给蒙上阴影patience n耐心patient n病人adj.耐心的 patiently adv.耐心地suspend v暂停，中止；悬挂component n组成部分；成分；部件doubt n疑惑；疑问resume v重新开始loss n丧失；损失at a loss 不知所措；亏本take ones place就座；取得地位inspire v激励；鼓舞inspiration n灵感；启发灵感的人(或事物)；使人产生动机的人(或事物)；鼓舞人心的人(或事物)reach for the stars探索星空；到达星际

13、原文呈现The Call of the ChallengerEver since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 20 July 1969，people have become accustomed to the notion of space travel.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their hearts in their mouths1，aware of how arduous and haza

14、rdous an undertaking it was，and of the many things that could go wrong.With Armstrongs now famous words“Thats one small step for man，one giant leap for mankind”，what had once been considered impossible had now been achieved.Guided by a computer that was much less powerful than the ones used by today

15、s average school students，all three astronauts of the Apollo 11 mission made it safely back to Earth.1画线部分为独立主格结构，在句中作状语。Following the Moon landings，space travel rapidly became unexceptional to the public，as innovations succeeded each other.By the early 1980s，the great rockets previously used in the

16、 American space programme had been replaced by the space shuttle.When the Challenger space shuttle took off on 28 January 1986，the world seemed to have lost its wonder at the amazing achievements of the astronauts involved.2But this was going to be no ordinary excursion，and millions of people tuned

17、in to witness the takeoff on TV.It was special because Christa McAuliffe aged 37，an ordinary teacher and mother，was about to become the first civilian in space.She planned to give two 15minute lessons from orbit：the first to demonstrate the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked，a

18、nd the second to describe the objectives of the Challenger programme.Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and rekindle interest in the space programme.With the eyes of students across the nation upon her，she might have inspired an entirely new generation of astronauts and space scienti

19、sts.2when引导时间状语从句；主句中to have lost是不定式的完成式，表示动作早于前面的seemed；involved是形容词，作后置定语。Tragically，she never returned to her classroom as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida，and all seven astronauts on board were killed.The world went into shock，most people having assumed that t

20、his space flight would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane3How wrong they had been! Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.It was the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on peoples hearts.3画线部分为独立主格结构，其中that引导的是宾语从句，作逻辑谓语having as

21、sumed的逻辑宾语。“I can remember that day so clearly，watching the takeoff on TV at school，”said one student.“There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger，and we were all very excited.We didnt have much patience waiting for the launch.We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world a

22、s they stepped into the shuttle4Then，little more than a minute after takeoff，we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky，followed by a cloud of white smoke.The Challenger had exploded in midair and we all started screaming.”4the astronauts waving to the world是现在分词的复合结构作介词of的宾语，as they stepped i

23、nto the shuttle为时间状语从句。Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttles components were redesigned.But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue5，and

24、 on 29 September 1988，the space shuttle programme resumed with the successful launch of Discovery.5画线部分是that引导的同位语从句，作doubt的同位语。It has now been over 30 years since the loss of Challenger and although the lives of its crew were cut tragically short，they take their place alongside the other heroes of

25、space exploration，such as Gagarin，Tereshkova，Armstrong and Yang Liwei.The memory of those seven will live forever，written in the stars，inspiring us to join them in humanitys greatest journey of exploration and discovery.The sacrifice of the Challenger calls to us，reminding us that we must continue t

26、o reach for the stars，no matter how distant they might seem66reminding us.是现在分词短语作伴随状语，that引导的是宾语从句，相当于“remind sb.sth.”这一结构中的sth.，no matter how.是让步状语从句。译文参考“挑战者号”的呼唤自从1969年7月20日尼尔阿姆斯特朗第一次踏上月球以来，人们已经习惯了太空旅行的概念。数以百万计的人在黑白电视机上观看了第一次登月，他们的心提到了嗓子眼儿，意识到这是一项多么艰巨和危险的任务，也意识到许多可能会出错的事情。随着阿姆斯特朗那句至今仍然著名的话“这是个人的

27、一小步，却是人类的一大步”，曾经被认为不可能的事情现在已经做到了。完成阿波罗11号任务的三名宇航员在一台比现在普通学生使用的功能要弱得多的电脑的引导下安全返回地球。随着登月计划的实施，太空旅行对公众来说变得平淡无奇，因为创新相继成功。到20世纪80年代初，美国航天计划中使用的大火箭已经被航天飞机所取代。1986年1月28日，“挑战者号”航天飞机起飞时，全世界似乎都对参与其中的宇航员取得的惊人成就失去了好奇。但这将绝不是一次普通的短途出行，数以百万计的人在电视上观看了航天飞机的起飞。这次很特别是因为37岁的克里斯塔麦考利夫，一位普通的教师和母亲，即将成为太空中的第一位平民。她计划在太空讲两次15

28、分钟的课：第一次演示航天器的控制和解释重力的工作原理，第二次描述“挑战者号”计划的目标。克里斯塔希望能传达一种兴奋感，并重新激起人们对太空计划的兴趣。由于全国学生的目光注视着她，她本来可能会激励出全新一代的宇航员和太空科学家。可悲的是，由于航天飞机在佛罗里达起飞一分多钟后就爆炸，她再也没有回到教室，机上7名宇航员也全部遇难。全世界陷入震惊，大多数人本来认为这次太空飞行会和乘普通飞机旅行一样安全。 他们错得太离谱了！ 一瞬间，兴奋和乐观变成了恐惧和失败。 这是有史以来最严重的太空事故，给人们的心灵蒙上了阴影。“我清楚地记得那一天，在学校的电视上看着飞机起飞，”一名学生说， “挑战者号上有个普通的

29、老师，我们都很兴奋。 我们没有多少耐心等待发射。 我们看到宇航员们走进航天飞机时向世界挥手的笑脸。然后，在起飞一分多钟后，我们看到天空中出现了奇怪的红色和橙色的光，接着是一团白色的烟雾。 挑战者号在半空中爆炸，我们都开始尖叫。”“挑战者号”灾难发生后，在调查灾难原因的同时，航天飞机的飞行暂停了近3年，航天飞机的一些部件也进行了重新设计。但载人飞行仍将继续，这一点毋庸置疑，1988年9月29日，随着“发现号”的成功发射，航天飞机项目又重新开始。“挑战者号”失事至今已有30多年，虽然机组人员的生命不幸缩短，但他们与加加林、特列什科娃、阿姆斯特朗和杨利伟等同属太空探索的英雄。那七个人将永远被我们铭记，他们的名字已写在星星上，激励我们与他们一道去做人类最伟大的探索和发现之旅。“挑战者号”做出的牺牲呼唤着我们，提醒我们必须继续努力进行星空探索，不管它们看起来有多么遥远。