2022年中考英语 知识综合考点精讲精练（六）（无答案） 人教新目标版.docx

1、2022年中考英语 知识综合考点精讲精练（六）（无答案） 人教新目标版重难点语法定语从句精析1. 概念 ：在含有主句和从句的复合句中，修饰主句中的某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。他所修饰的词叫先行词。 定语从句就在先行词后。 用来引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分关系代词(who,whom,that, which, whose, )关系副词（where,when,why）Eg, Did you see the person who often helped othes? 你见过经常帮助别人的那个人了吗？ 主句 先行词 关系词 定语从句 This is the pen which / that he

2、is looking for. 这就是他正在寻找的那支笔。（找出主句、定语从句，关系词，先行词）（初学者注意识别先行词和关系词，并在定语从句中作什么成分）2. 做题时关系词的选择和在句中的作用引导定语从句的关系代词(who,whom,that, which, whose, )关系副词（where,when,why）它们放在定语从句和先行词之间，起联系作用。同时又充当定语从句中的一个成分（主语、宾语） 选择关系词取决于1）先行词是人或物； 2）在从句中作主语还是宾语。 当先行词是人时，关系词可以用who或that; 当先行词是物时，关系词用which或that The movie（_ they

3、saw）was very interesting. 他们看的电影非常有趣。（宾语） The boy _ is sitting in the sun is my brother. 坐在太阳下的那个男孩是我的弟弟。（主语） 注意：当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略，又如 The man _ they are waiting for comes from Japan. whose关系词指人或物的所有格。Do you know the boy _ hair is yellow? 你认识那个黄色头发的男孩吗？The classroom _ windows are closed is ours. 关着窗

4、户的那个教室是我们的。 关系副词when,where,why = 介词+which , when,表示时间，跟在hour,moment,day,date, month,year, season ,time,等之后。Eg， Can you tell me the date _ (=on which) you were born? 你能告诉我你的出生日期吗？ where, 表地点，跟在place,village,town,city,home等之后，eg， This is the place _ (=in which) I grew up.这就是我长大的地方。 Why表原因， 在reason之后，

5、eg， Thats the reason _ she didnt come to work. 那就是她没有来上班的原因。注意特殊情况1a) 当先行词被最高级修饰时， 只用that， This is the best book _ I have ever read. （作宾语，可省略）b) 当先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时， 必须用that， 而不用which,(不定代词有哪些？all,something,anything,nothing , everything, none, the one, much,little,every,any,some等)Thats the one _ you

6、talked about just now. c) 当先行词有the only,the very, the last, the same, the first等修饰时， 必须用that,He is the only person _ I saw there.d) 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时， 如果介词放在它前面，只用which（物）、whom（人）This is the room that/which he lived two years ago. =This is the room in _ he lived two years ago.The girl who/whom /that

7、he is talking to is my sister. = The girl to _ he is talking is my sister. 但介词短语不能拆开时， 介词不能提前， The babies who/that the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(look after的after不能提前) 注意：当关系代词在定语从句中充当主语时， 定语从句的谓语动词单复数取决于先行词的单复数： The girl who _ (have) long hair is my daughter. The trees that _ (be) p

8、lanted by us last year have grown well .e) 当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时用that ， She is no longer the girl _ she wanted to be .f) 当有两个或两个以上的分别表示人和物的先行词时，只能用that ， egHe talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited. g) 以who, which 开头的疑问句，为避免重复， 用that， eg，Who is the girl _ is standing at the door? h) 以There

9、 be 开头的，定语从句用that，There is a seat in the concert _ is still free.注意特殊情况2 : 只用which，不用that的情况 先行词是that,those, 用which ,而不用that, Whats that _ is under the desk ? 关系词前有介词，用which ,而不用that, This is the room in _ I lived many years ago. * 引导非限制性定语从句，用which ,而不用that, Tom came back, which made us happy. 当先行词

10、为anyone,everyone,those,all, any 指人时， 用who, I will shoot anyone _ move. 谁动我就枪毙谁。 It is he _ saved me.是他救了我。本讲知识点精讲精练1. 1)prefer sth=like sth better 更喜欢某东西。 I preferred English = I _ English _. 我更喜欢英语。 2）prefer A to B = like A better than B. 同B相比，更喜欢A。 Prefer doing sth to doing sth He prefers tea _ co

11、ffee. = He likes tea _ _ coffee.与咖啡相比更喜欢茶。 The old man prefers walking _ sitting. = The old man likes walking _ _ sitting.这个老年人宁愿走路也不坐。 3)prefer to do sth 宁愿做某事 = prefer doing sth Prefer to do sth rather than do sth比起做sth更喜欢（宁愿）做sth = would do sth rather than do sth =would do sth instead of doing st

12、h She preferred _ (stay) at home all day. 她宁可整天呆在家。 Now, many young people prefers _ (play) computer games rather than_ ( study). = Now, many young people would _ (play) computer games rather than_ ( study). = Now, many young people would_ (play) computer games instead of_ ( study). 4) prefer sb to

13、do sth 更喜欢某人做某事 （宁愿某人做某事） I preferred Tom_(look) after the sick student. 我宁可叫汤姆来照看这个生病的学生。即时提高：用prefer.to.的相关词汇填空（1） My grandma _ country life when she was old.（2） I prefer _ (watch) a soccer match.（3） My mother prefers me _ (stay) with her a little longer.（4） She _ loud music _ quiet music . （5） Ma

14、ry prefers dangcing _ _ (sing).（6） They prefer _ _ (stay) at home rather than _ (go) out with their parents.中考过关 a） I prefer _ to _ . A. sing;dance B. singing; dancing C. singing;dance D. sing;dancing b) I prefer _ rather than do everything else. A. watching TV B. to watch TV C.watch TV D. to watchi

15、ng TV2. A）remind sb of sb/sth 提醒，是某人记起某人/某事His words _ me _ my parents. 他的话使我想起了我的父母。This song often _ her _ her old days.这首歌经常让她想起了她的过去的日子。What did the movie _ you _ ? 这部电影使你想起了什么？ B）remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 His mother always _ him _ (study) hard. 他的妈妈总是提醒他努力学习。 C）remind sb +宾语从句 (提醒某人.) Our tea

16、cher _ us that the mid-term exams are coming next week.中考过关 Her reminded me _ the exam. A. to B. of C. on D. at 3. 1) own adj. 自己的/本人的 形容词性物主代词/名词所有格+own+名词 This is_ _ _ .这就是他自己本人的房子。 Thats _ _ _ .那就是汤姆自己的自行车。 2）own vt. 拥有 = have =belong to owner n. 物主人 He _ a big house . =The big house _ _ him . =T

17、he big house is _ him. = The big house is _ . = He is the _ of the big house . 3) on ones own = by oneself = alone 单独，独自 I finished the work _ my own . = I finished the work _ myself.(alone).4. 引导让步状语从句（类似though/although）Whatever=no matter what 不论什么 ； whenever= no matterwhen无论何时 Wherever=no matter w

18、here不论哪里； whoever= no matter who 无论谁However=no matter how 不论怎样，不论多么 1)No matter what the weather islike, shell go out for a walk.=_ he weather islike, shell go out for a walk. 2)Whenever you come back, Ill wait for you. =_ _ _ you come back, Ill wait for you. 3)No matter where you go, dont forget to

19、 write to me.=_ you go, dont forget to write to me. 4)Dont open the door, _ comes.= Dont open the door, no matter who comes. 5)_ _ how hard English is, Ill learn it well.= _ hard English is, Ill learn it well.中考过关_ you do , dont miss this exhibition. A. Wherever B. Whichever C. whoever D. Whatever5.

20、expect v. 期待，盼望，指望，(口语：想，认为)expect sth 期待什么 Im _ his letter.我在期待他的来信。expect to do sth 估计做某事 I expect _ (come) back next month.我估计下月回来。 expect sb to do sth 起到某人做某事 I expect him _(bring) his photos to school.我期待他把照片带回学校来。 类似结构： want sb to do sth=would like sb to do sth; tell sb to do sth ; expect that

21、从句 盼望，认为 He _ that he could see his son as soon as possible.6.（1）taste n. 味道（多作单数名词，加不定冠词） have a sweet/good/delicious sweet have a taste of 品尝一下、 Some oranges have a sweet taste. 一些橘子的味道甜。 Shall I _ _ _ your dessert? 我可以尝一下你的甜饼吗？(2) v. 尝，品尝= have/ take a taste of Would you like to _ the coffee?你愿意品

22、尝一下咖啡吗？(3) link v. 吃/尝起来 +adj. （无被动）The soup tastes _ and sells _ .这种汤尝起来很好，卖得也好。A.well;good B. good; well C. good;good D. well;well 7. increase v. 增加 (1) increase by + 数字 增加了. The number of the students _ (have) increased _ twice.学校的学生数量增加了2倍。 (2) increase to +数字 增加到. The population of our country

23、_ (have) _ _ 1.4 billion .我们国家的人口已增加到14亿。 (3) increase in.在某个方面增加 It has _ 30% _ price. 价格上增加了30%。中考过关：Comparing with last year , meat has increased _ 30% _ 4 million tons this year. A. to;to B. by;by C. to;by D. by;to中考提高练习试题精选（巴蜀中学） .根据要求完成句子。 （110）82. Whose is this notebook? (转化同义句)_ _ the notebo

24、ok belong to? 83. I didnt know how to improve my English. (转化同义句)I didnt know how _ _ improve my English.84. She has stayed in Beijing for three months. (对划线部分提问)_ _ months has she stayed in Beijing?85. There used to be many trees on both sides of the river. (变为一般疑问句，并做否定回答)_ there use to be many tr

25、ees on both sides of the river?No, there _.86. 这本书将于下个月出版。（翻译句子）The book will _ _ next month.（巴蜀中学）.短文填空。（1.510）The most _91_examination for the students in Junior Three is coming next year. The result of the exam will decide which high school the student will go to. Many students are under too much

26、 _92_ and worried about the exam. And _93_ are their teachers and parents. Today, I invite some of my former(以前的) students, who are right now studying in Senior 1 to talk about their experiences in Junior Three. I hope it will 94 .Wang FanI used to be poor in chemistry in the first term of Junior 3.

27、 I got scores of about 60 on every test. During the last term, I 95 my best to improve it by listening to the teacher carefully in class and going over 96 I had learnt after class. I spent most of my time on chemistry._97_ of my hard work, I got 78 in chemitry in the big exam.Hu PingpingI couldnt ge

28、t full scores in math in the big exam, 98 I was very good at it. What a pity! I think the main reason was that I was too confident and miscounted (算错)the numbers. My teacher once told me to be more careful . But I didnt pay enough attention. If I _99_ given another chance, I would do much better.Zhe

29、ng XiaoyuMy experience is that every minute is important for Junior 3. Dont waste any of them. It was hard for me to spell the words correctly. I memorized the words while 100 in line to get my lunch. I read textbooks on the bus to and from school. I worked hard on quizzes (小测试) at home and sometimes burned the midnight oil. Do you want to have fun? Leave it for the summer holiday after the big exam.91._ 92._ 93. _ 94. _ 95. _ 96. _ 97. _ 98. _ 99. _ 100. _5