新概念英语-第二册Lesson39（共41张PPT）.ppt

1、Lesson 39 Am I All Right?New words and expressionsoperation n.手术successful adj.成功的following adj.下一个patient n.病人alone adj.独自的exchange n.（电话的）交换台inquire v.询问，打听certain adj.某个caller n.打电话的人relative n.亲戚operation n手术1)手术Later an operation helped her to get back part of her sight.I had an operation on my

2、 heart.operation room 手术室operation instruments 手术器械do an operation on sb.给某人做手术2)运转the operation of an old 一台旧机器的运转bring into operation/put into operation 投入运转，实施operate v1)操作，操纵（机器等），运作，运转operate a machine 操纵一台机器operate the lift 开电梯This sewing machine doesnt operate properly.正确的2)经营，管理operate a com

3、pany经营一家公司The company operate ten factories.3)动手术operate on sb for-为谁动手术The surgeon decided to operate on her for appendicitis(盲肠)promptly.这个外科医生决定立刻为她做盲肠手术 successful adj成功的，结果圆满的，顺利的：（考试）及格的，发运的，功成名就的反义词：unsuccessfulsuccessful trial 一次成功的尝试successful candidate当选者The performance was successful演出十分成

4、功。succeed v.-failsuccess n-failuresuccessful adj.failed felj successfully adv.follow v1)跟随，跟着A man is running,followed by three dogs.The duckling(小鸭子)followed its mother everywhere.Monday follows SundaysBe slow please.I can t follow you/I can t catch you.2)沿着follow this road沿着这条路走3)采纳follow one s ad

5、vice 采纳某人的建议follow the crowd随大流following 1)adj接着的(next in time or in turn)Read the following sentences aloud.He came back the following day.Answer the following questions.in the following year在翌年（在下一年）tomorrow在间接引语中换成the next/the following day2)prep.Following the meeting,coffee will be served.会后将招待咖

6、啡。patient1)n（让医生诊治的）病人The hospital has a lot of patients.insane patients精神病人2)adj有耐心的，能忍受的，能容忍的反义词：impatientbe patient with sb 对某人有耐心be patient of sth 对某事有耐心You should be more patient with others.He was patient of hardships.他很能吃苦。A doctor must be patient to his patients.If he is impatient to his pat

7、ients,he will lose his patients because of his impatience.医生必须对病人有耐心，如果他对病人不耐烦，会因为对病人的不耐烦而失去病人。alone1)adj.独自的，单独的（不能置于名词前）He likes being aloneHis house stands alone on a hill2)adv独自地I live alone 我一个人住。She lives alone in an apartment3)adv只有，仅仅You can not live on meat alone.Eat more vegetable.She alon

8、e was able to answer the question.exchange1)n，交换，互换，交流，交易Is five apples for five eggs a fair exchange?They made a silent exchange of smile 默默2)n兑换：汇率：交流the exchange of dollars for pounds把美元兑换成英镑3)n交易所the Stock Exchange证券交易所the stock market 证券交易市场4)n电话交换台(telephone exchange)5)vt交换，互换（问候等）Mary exchang

9、ed seats with John.We only exchanged a few words because we were in a hurry.Ive just bought this tie,but can I exchange it for that one?inquire(enquire)v询问，查询（比ask正式）inquire sth of sb 向某人询问消息inquire about sb/sth询问关于某人某事的消息相当于ask for information打听消息He inquired of the policeman the way.I inquired of h

10、im whether he would come to the party.Id like to inquire about the trains for London.I want to inquire about a certain patient.inquire sb s name询问某人的名字inquire into 调查,探究 inquire after 问候,询问起inquire about 询问,查问,打听inquire of 询问,打听inquire for 求见,要找 certain1)adj确定的，有把握的，常可与sure通用They are sure to be late

11、=They are certain to be late.Im sure that theyll be late=l m certain that theyll be lateOne thing is sure;theyll be late.One thing is certain:they ll be late.certain的语气比sure强，当it做主语，只用certain。It is certain that theyll be late.2)adj.(未指明真实名称)某一个,(说出名称但不很熟悉的)某一个，一位姓的人，置于名词前。A certain Mr.Brown called w

12、hile you were out.For certain reasons,Ill be absent for the meeting.some修饰单数可数名词，表示“某个”Some man tit the door is asking it see you.for some reason/for a certain reason 由于某种原因。caller n打电话的人call v1)叫，喊2)call out to sb for sth向某人大声喊叫He called out to her他大声的喊她。call the roll 点名call your name 叫你的名字3)给取名cal

13、l the baby Sophia 管这个小孩叫索菲亚call at 拜访call on 拜访（某人）call off 取消The game was called off because of the rain.call box/telephone booth/telephone box公共电话亭 relative1)n亲戚，亲属a close relative/a near relative近亲a distant relative 远亲relation n亲戚：关系Relationship n.关系 关联 While John Gilbert was in hospital,he asked

14、 his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful,but the doctor refused to do so.The following day,the patient asked for a bedside telephone.When he was alone,he telephoned the hospital exchange and asked for Doctor Millington.When the doctor answered the phone,Mr.Gilbert said he wa

15、s inquiring about a certain patient,a Mr.John Gilbert.He asked if Mr.Gilberts operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been.He then asked when Mr.Gilbert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him that he would have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.Then Dr.

16、Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the patient.No,the patient answered,I am Mr.John Gilbert.当约翰.吉尔伯特住院的时候，他问医生他的手术是否成功，但医生拒绝告诉他。第二天，这位病人要了一部床头电话。当房里只剩他一个人时，他挂通了医院的交换台，要求与米灵顿医生讲话。当这位医生接过电话时，吉尔伯特先生说他想询问一个病人的情况，是一位名叫约翰.吉尔伯特的先生。他问吉尔伯特先生的手术中否成功，医生告诉他手术很成功。然后他又问吉尔伯特先生什么时候可以回家，医生说他在医院还必须再住

17、上两个星期。之后，米灵顿医生问打电话的人是否是病人的亲属。“不是，”病人回答说，“我就是约翰.吉尔伯特先生。”While John Gilbert was While John Gilbert was in hospitalin hospital,he,he asked asked his doctor to tell his doctor to tell him whether his operation had been successful,but the him whether his operation had been successful,but the doctor docto

18、r refused torefused to do so.do so.while conj.1)当时候，和同时，只要He took d bath while I was preparing dinner.准备饭2)当while所引导的从句与主句主语相同，且while从句的动词为be时，while从句的主语和be动词有时被省略。He watched TV while he was eating.3)虽然，然而，另一方面I earn only 50 dollars a week,while she earns 80 dollars.我每周只挣50美元而她每周挣80美元。in hospital 住院

19、in the hospital 在医院（表示方位）be at school 在课堂上，在求学be at the school 在学校ask sb to do sth 让某人做某事ask for sth/sb 要求要refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事He refused to help meso 代词，代替前面的动词不定式 to tell him whetherThe following day,the patient asked for a bedside telephone.when he was alone he telephoned the hospital exchange

20、and asked Tor Doctor Millington.the following day/the next day第二天bedside1)adj.床边的枕边的床头柜bedside table床头灯bedside lamp2)n床边when he was alone 相当于when he was on his own 当他一个人的时候When the doctor answered the phone,Mr.Gilbert said he was inquiring about a certain patient,a Mr.John Gilbert.answer the phone 接

21、电话answer a letter 回信answer a question 回答一个问题answer sb.回答某人He asked if Mr.Gilberts operation had been successful and the doctor told him that it had been.Was Mr.Gilberts operation successful?他的手术成功吗？Yes,it was.将原句转化就成了句中的间接引语了。He then asked He then asked whenwhen Mr.Gilbert would be allowed to Mr.Gil

22、bert would be allowed to go home and the doctor told him go home and the doctor told him thatthat he would he would have to stay in hospital for have to stay in hospital for anotheranother two weeks.two weeks.when引导一个宾语从句that引导一个宾语从句两个宾语从句，还原为直接引语：When will Mr.Gilbert be allowed to go home?he asked.

23、He will have to stay in hospital for another two weeks.the doctor said.would be allowed过去将来时被动语态another1)adj.：另一个，类似的，别的another two weeks另外两星期Then Dr.Millington asked the caller if he was a relative of the Patient.No.the patient answered,I am Mr.John Gilbert.原句：Then Dr.Millington asked,Are you a rel

24、ative of the patient?注意，去掉引号变成间接引语直接引语变间接引语1、人称的转变1）直接引语中的第一人称一般转换为第三人称如：He said，“I am very sorry.”He said that he was very sorry.2）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称如：“You should be more careful next time,”my father told me.My father told me that I should be more careful the next time.3）直接引语中的第二人称，如果原

25、话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：She said to her son,“Ill check your homework tonight.”She said to her son that she wouldcheck his homework that night.4）人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：He asked me,“Will you go to the station with me to meet a friend of mine this afternoon?”He asked me whether I would go to the stat

26、ion with him to meet a friend of his that afternoon.总之，人称的转换不是固定的，具体情况，具体对待，要符合逻辑。时态的转换 直接引语改为间接引语时，主句中的谓语动词如果是过去时，从句（即间接引语部分）的谓语动词在时态方面要作相应的变化，变成过去时范畴的各种时态（实际也是宾语从句的时态要求），变化如下：直接引语间接引语一般现在时 一般过去时一般过去时 过去完成时现在进行时 过去进行时现在完成时 过去完成时过去完成时 过去完成时过去进行时 过去进行时一般将来时 过去将来时3、直接引语变成间接引语时，从句时态无须改变的情况1）当主句的谓语动词是一般

27、现在时的时候，如：He always says,“I am tired out.”He always says that he is tired out.2）当主句的谓语动词是将来时的时候，如：He will say,“Ill try my best to help you.”He will say that he will try his best to help me.3）当直接引语部分带有具体的过去时间状语时如：He said,“I went to college in 1994.”He told us that he went to college in 1994 4）当直接引语中有以

28、when,while引导的从句，表示过去的时间时，如：He said，“When I was a child,I usually played football after school.”He said that when he was a child,he usually played football after school.5）当直接引语是客观真理或自然现象时，如：Our teacher said to us,“Light travels faster than sound.”Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sou

29、nd.6）当引语是谚语、格言时，如：He said，“Practice makes perfect.”He said that practice makes perfect.7）当直接引语中有情态动词should,would,could,had better,might,must,used to,need时如：She asked,“Must I take the medicine?”She asked if she had to take the medicine.注：此处用had to代替must更好）此外转述中的变化要因实际情况而定，不能机械照搬，如果当地转述，here不必改为there,

30、动词come不必改为go，如果当天转述yesterday,tomorrow,this afternoon等均不必改变。4、时间状语、地点状语及某些对比性的指示代词和动词变化1）时间状语：直接引语（间接引语）now （then）；today (that day）；tomorrow （the next/following day）next week （the next/following week）yesterday （the day before）two days ago（two days before）this week/month/year(that week/month/year)2）指示

31、代词：these 变成those3）地点状语：here变成there She said,“I wont come here any more.”She said that she wouldnt go there any more.4）动词：come变成go，bring变成take5、直接引语变间接引语，句子结构的变化1）陈述句。用连词that引导，that在口语中常省略。主句的谓语动词可直用接引语中的said,也可用told来代替，注意，可以说said that,said to sb.that,told sb.that，不可直接说told that,如：He said,“I have bee

32、n to the Great Wall.”He said to us that he had been to the Great Wall.He said,“Ill give you an examination next Monday.”He told us that he would give us an examination the next Monday.（不可说told that）2）直接引语为一般疑问句，（也称是否疑问句，）间接引语用连词whether或if引导，原主句中谓语动词said要改为asked（me/him/us等），语序是陈述句的语序，这一点非常重要。如：He sai

33、d,“Do you have any difficulty with pronunciation?”He asked（me）whether/if I had any difficulty with my pronunciation.3）直接引语为选择疑问句，间接引语用whetheror表达，而不用ifor，也不用eitheror.如：He asked,“Do you speak English or French?”He asked me whether I spoke English or French.6）有些含有“建议”、“劝告”的祈使句，可用suggest,insist,offer等动

34、词转述，如：He said,“Lets have a rest.”He suggested our having a rest 7）当直接引语形式上是疑问句，有表示请求，建议意义时，可用ask sb.to do sth./suggest doing/advise sb.to do sth.等形式转述。如：“Would you mind opening the door?”he asked.He asked me to open the door.4）直接引语为特殊疑问句，改成间接引语时，原来的疑问词作为间接引语的连词，主句的谓语动词用ask（sb.）来表达，语序改为陈述句语序。如：He ask

35、ed，“Whats your name?”He asked（me）what my name was.5）直接引语为祈使句时，改为间接引语，用带to的不定式表达，谓语动词常是ask,advise,tell,warn,order,request等。如ask sb.to do，（由肯定祈使句变成）ask sb.not to do（由否定祈使句转变），并且在不定式短语中的时间状语、地点状语、人称及时态都作相应的变化。如：He said，“Be seated,please.”He asked us to be seated.8）直接引语是感叹句时，变间接引语可用what或how引导，也可用that引导，

36、如：She said,“What a lovely day it is!”She said what a lovely day it was.或She said that it was a lovely day.改写句子1)The secretary asked Whats your occupation?秘书问道，你是做什么职业的The secretary asked what my occupation was.2)He asked:Where are you to get off,John?他问John你要在哪下车呢？He asked John where he was get off.

37、3)He asked:How are you getting along?他问你们相处的怎么样啊？He asked us how we getting along4)He asked:Are you sure your mother will come?他问道你确信你的母亲会来吗？He asked me whether I was sure my mother would come.5)He asked :Are you a teacher or a student?“他问道，你是老师还是学生呢？He asked me whether I was a teacher or a student6)Youve already got well.havent you?she asked.她问你已经好了，是吗？She asked whether I had already got well.