2020-2021学年八年级英语上册 第六单元 语法单词素材 （新版）人教新目标版.docx

1、第六单元语法单词 语法一般将来时be going to1. 结构肯定句be going to表示决定、打算要做某事，或有迹象表明即将发生、可能会出现什么情况。其后常有表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow，next week/month/year等，其基本结构为：am/is/are+going to+动词原形。肯定句：主语+am/is/are+going to+动词原形+其他.如：I am going to buy a hat tomorrow morning.我明天早上要去买一顶帽子。Im not feeling well. I think Im going to be ill.我感觉不舒服

2、。我想我要生病了。否定句be going to表示决定、打算要做某事，或有迹象表明即将发生、可能会出现什么情况。其后常有表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow，next week/month/year等，其基本结构为：am/is/are+going to +动词原形。否定句：主语+am not/is not(isnt)/are not(arent)+going to+动词原形+其他.如：She isnt going to visit her grandma this afternoon.今天下午她不打算去拜访她的外祖母。一般疑问句be going to表示决定、打算要做某事，或有迹象表明即将发

3、生、可能会出现什么情况。其后常有表示将来的时间状语，如tomorrow，next week/month/year等，其基本结构为：am/is/are+going to +动词原形。一般疑问句：Am/Is/Are+主语+going to+动词原形+其他?肯定回答：Yes,主语+am/is/are.否定回答：No,主语+isnt/arent./No, Im not.如：-Is he going to work abroad?-Yes, he is./No, he isnt.他打算出国工作吗？是的，他打算。/不，他不打算。特殊疑问句特殊疑问词（作主语）+ be(is/are)+going to+动词

4、原形+其它？Who is going to give us a speech tomorrow?明天谁来给我们做一个演讲？特殊疑问词（不作主语）+ be(am/is/are)+主语+going to+动词原形+其它？How are you going to solve the problem?你将要如何解决这个问题？2. 用法be going to意为“将要，将会”，是一般将来时的一种表现形式。用来表示按计划或安排要发生的动作，有“准备；打算”的意思，其主语常是人。如：We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon.我们今天下午打算开个班

5、会。表示根据现有情况、某种迹象，判断将要或即将发生的动作。此时主语可以是人，也可以是物。如：Look at the black clouds. Its going to rain.看那些乌云。马上要下雨了。含有be going to结构的句子中往往有表示将来的时间状语，如：(1)含next的短语。如：next day/next week/next month/next term。(2)含tomorrow的短语。如：tomorrowmorning/afternoon/evening，the day aftertomorrow。(3)含this的短语，表示与现在相比较将来的某个时候。如：this

6、Wednesday/weekend。too.to“too.to”结构常表示否定含义，即“太而不能”。其构成通常为：too形容词/副词动词不定式。1. 可表达一个否定的结果，意为“太而不能”。例：Heis too tired to goon working.他太累了，不能继续工作了。2. 可在不定式前加介词for引出逻辑主语。例：The box is very heavy. The little boy cannot carry it.=The boxis too heavy for the little boy to carry. 这个箱子太重了，小男孩搬不动。3. “too.to”结构可以和

7、“enoughto”转换。too后的形容词与enough前的形容词意思相反。两者可以进行同义句转换。例：The little girlis too young to goto school.=The little girlis not old enough to goto school. 这个小女孩太小了，不能上学。 单词Take短语1.take up意为“（尤指为消遣）开始做；学着做”My father took up the study of English at the age of forty.我父亲在40岁时开始学英语。take up还可意为“占用，花费（时间、空间或精力等）”，是及

8、物动词短语。This desk takes up too much room.这张桌子占了太多的空间。2.take down意为“取下来（从高处）；记下”Take down the picture and put up the map of the world.取下这张画，挂上一幅世界地图。You should take down this piece of information.你应该把这条信息记录下来。3. take off意为“脱下；飞机等（起飞）”Excuse me. You have to take off your shoes before getting into the co

9、mputer room.不好意思，在进入电脑室之前，得先脱鞋。The plane is going to take off soon.飞机马上就要起飞了。4.take care意为“提防，当心；保重”，take care of意为“照顾”，后需加宾语。Take care when you cross the street!过马路时要当心。Bye! Take care!再见！多保重！I can take care of my little brother.我能照顾我的弟弟。 promise promisen.承诺；诺言make/keep/break a/ones promise许下/信守/违背诺

10、言If you make a promise, you should keep it.如果做出了承诺，就应该遵守。promisev.许诺；承诺promise (sb.) that承诺promise sb. sth./ promise sth. (to sb.)许诺某人某事promise to do sth.许诺做某事You promised me (that) youd be home early tonight.你曾向我保证今晚会早回家的。We promise you an exciting trip.我们保证你在旅途中玩得开心。I promised to take my children

11、to the funfair on Saturday.我答应周六带孩子们去游乐场。suresureadj.确信的；有把握的；一定的（不用在名词前）I am pretty sure that hell agree.他会同意的，对此我有相当的把握。be sure to do sth.一定要做某事，务必要做某事（用于告诉某人记住做某事）Be sure to give your family my regards.务必代我向你的家人问好。be sure about/of 对有把握Imquite sure about getting thescholarship.我很确信能得到奖学金。另外be sure

12、后也常用how/where/when等+不定式David was not sure how to deal with the problem.David不确定该如何应对这个问题。make sure (of sth./that)确保；查明Youd better make sure of the time and place for the meeting.你最好把开会的时间和地点弄清楚。Make sure that you put down every word she says.确保要记下她说的每一个字。Beginbegin/start to do sth. = begin/start doi

13、ng sth.表示“开始做某事”to begin with起初，开始,首先=at firstThe child began/started to cry/crying when her mother left home.当妈妈离开家时，这个孩子开始哭了。beginningn.开头；开端at the beginning of在开始in/atthe beginning开始，起初=at firstfrom the very beginning一开始from beginning to end意为“从头到尾”At the beginning of this term, I find it hard to learn math.这学期初，我发现数学很难学。