2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练34.docx

1、2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第34课时编写说明学生在限时阅读训练中，对一篇文章没有足够的时间来细读，理解的不深不透，但是，可以猜出来不太确定的正确选项，这样的训练叫做“考场式”训练；而在精读课堂上学习一篇文章的时候，从词句到篇章，从细节到主旨，从语言到情怀等方方面面都能够理解的很透彻，这叫做“精读式”训练。目前，在语篇训练中存在的低效问题，主要是因为不少学生为了完成任务而一味地追求速度，无意识地采用了“考场式”的训练方法，而不是为了透彻理解一篇文章去采用“精读式”的训练方法。但是，平时的语篇训练毕竟不是在考场，除了追求速度，更要培养精深理解的习惯和能力。应该将“考场式”和“精读式”两种

2、训练方法结合起来，第一步完成快速阅读，第二步精深理解，在语境中积累基础知识。本系列训练通过导读，突出重点单词、词块以及长难句的训练，旨在培养学生精深阅读的习惯，训练有效处理语篇的能力，在阅读训练中积累语言知识，进而提高语篇训练的效果。第一节. 阅读理解 阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在短文中标注出选择答案的依据。For people, who are interested in sound, the field of sound technology is definitely making noise. In the past, sound

3、 engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.Sound can be used as a weapon. Imagine that a police officer is

4、chasing a thief. The thief tries to escape. And the officer cant let him get away. He pulls out a special device, points it at the suspect, and switches it on. The thief drops to the ground. This new weapon is called a Long Range Acoustic Device(LRAD, 远程定向声波发射器). It produces a deafening sound so pai

5、nful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ears of that person, but it is not deadly.For those who hunger for some peace and quiet, sound can now create silence. Lets say you are at the airport, and the little boy on

6、the seat next to you is humming a short commercial song. He hums it over and over again, and you are about to go crazy. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without upsetting the boy or his parents. One may wonder how the Silence Machine works. Well, it fu

7、nctions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other out. Simply turn the machine or point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound

8、in much the same way spotlights are used in the theater. A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, “spotsound” creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaur

9、ants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining. Directed sound is also beginning to appear in shopping centers and even at homes.1. What could be inferred from Paragraph 2 about the effect

10、 of the LRAD?A. It causes temporary hearing loss.B. It slows down a running man.C. It makes it easy to identify a suspect.D. It keeps the suspect from hurting others.2. The Silence Machine is a device specially designed to _.A. silence the people around youB. remove the sound of commercialsC. block

11、the incoming sound wavesD. stop unwanted sound from affecting you3. What feature do spotsounds and spotlights share?A. They travel in circles.B. They clear the atmosphere.C. They can be transformed into energy.D. They can be directed onto a specific area.4. Directed sound can be used for _.A. creati

12、ve designs of restaurant menusB. ideal sound effects on the theater stageC. different choices of music for businessesD. strict control over any suspicious customer5. What does the passage focus on?A. How professionals invented sound products.B. Inventions in the field of sound technology.C. The grow

13、ing interest in the study of sound.D. How sound engineers work in their studios.第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.professional _2.phenomenon _3.chase _4.switch _5.deafening _mercial _7.temporarily _8.deadly _9.upsetting _10.function _11.cancel _12.similarly _二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1.hunger for _2.pull out _3.be

14、 about to do sth. _4.go crazy _5.thanks to _6.get rid of _7.in much the same way _8.a circle of _9.directed sound _10.targeted area _11.along with _12.based on _三 词汇应用1.chase 请根据下列句意理解划线单词的意义：He chased after the burglar but couldnt catch him. _Kevins been chasing after Jan for months. _I need to cha

15、se him about organizing the meeting. _Ive been chasing around town all morning looking for a present for Sharon. _2.switch 请根据下列句意理解划线单词的意义：Which switch do I press to turn it off? _She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. _The law would encourage companies

16、to switch from coal to cleaner fuels. _Within a few years the whole country will switch over to digital television. _In half an hour, theyd switched the tags on every cable. _3.upset 请根据下列句意填写单词的正确形式：Childhood illness can be _ for children and parents alike.If you are _, you are unhappy or disappoin

17、ted because something unpleasant has happened to you.Paul was unwell last night with a stomach _.These latest comments could _ the peace negotiations which are due to begin next week.四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1. In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of record

18、ing studios, but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.分析：_翻译：_2.Directed sound is a new technology that allows companies to use sound in much the same way spotligh

19、ts are used in the theater.分析：_翻译：_3.Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining；分析：_翻译：_第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.标注出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句We are the products of evolution, a

20、nd not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes, they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle -raising people in East Africa and nor

21、thern Europe have gained a mutation (突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation - not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of sea-dwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better div

22、ers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, theyve also built houses on stilts (支柱) in coastal waters. “They are simply a stranger to the land,” said Redney C.

23、 Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. “We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local is

24、landers,” Dr. Jubilado said. “I could see them actually walking under the sea.”In201, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made

25、the task easier for them. “it seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population,” said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive.1. What does the author want to tell us by the examples in paragraph 1?A. Environmental adapta

26、tion of cattle raisers.B. New knowledge of human evolution.C. Recent findings of human origin.D. Significance of food selection.2. Where do the Bajau build their houses?A. In valleys.B. Near rivers.C. On the beach.D. Off the coast.3. Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?A. They could w

27、alk on stilts all day.B. They had a superb way of fishing.C. They could stay long underwater.D. They lived on both land and water.4. What can be a suitable title for the text?A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at SeaB. Highlanders Survival SkillsC. Basic Methods of Genetic ResearchD. The Worlds Best Div

28、ers词汇与句型积累：_2022届高考英语深度精读系列训练 第34课时参考答案第一节 语篇解析：这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些声音技术领域的发明创造，包括声音可以用作武器的远程声学设备、用来阻止有害声音影响你的静音机以及定向音响技术。1.推理判断题。根据第二段中的“It produces a deafening sound so painful that it temporarily disables a person. The noise from the LRAD is directed like a ray of light and travels only into the ear

29、s of that person, but it is not deadly.”可知它发出震耳欲聋的声音，这种声音令人如此痛苦以至于它会使人暂时丧失能力。LRAD发出的噪音像光线一样被引导，只进入那个人的耳朵，但不会致命。由此可推知，LRAD会导致暂时性听力损失。故选A。2.细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Well, it functions by analyzing the waves of the incoming sound and creating a second set of outgoing waves. The two sets of waves cancel each other

30、 out. Simply turn the machine on point it at the target, and your peace and quiet comes back.”可知，它的功能是通过分析传入声音的波，并产生第二组传出的波。这两组波会相互抵消。只要打开机器对准目标，你的宁静就会回来。由此可知，静音机是一种专门设计用来阻止有害声音影响你的设备。故选D。3.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly, a “spotsound” creates a circle of

31、 sound in one targeted area.”可知，聚光灯只能照亮舞台的一个部分；类似地，一个“spotsound”在一个目标区域创建一个声音圈。由此可知，spotsounds和聚光灯的共同特性是它们可以被定向到一个特定的区域，故选D。4.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“A spotlight lights up only one section of a stage; similarly,”spotsound” creates a circle of sound in on targeted area. This can be useful for businesses such

32、as restaurants and stores because it offers a new way to attract customers. Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choice on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in which they are dining.”可知，聚光灯只能照亮舞台的一个部分；类似地，一个”spotsound”在一个目标区域创建一个声音圈。这对餐馆和商店等

33、企业很有用，因为它提供了一种吸引顾客的新方式。餐厅可以提供音乐选择与菜单上的各种食物选择，让顾客更多地控制气氛，在他们用餐。由此可知，定向音响可以用于不同的商业音乐选择。故选C。5.主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“In the past, sound engineers worked in the back rooms of recording studios, but many of todays sound professionals are sharing their knowledge and experience with professionals in other fields to

34、 create new products based on the phenomenon we call sound.”可知，在过去，音响工程师在录音室的后室工作，但今天的许多音响专业人士正在与其他领域的专业人士分享他们的知识和经验，以我们所谓的声音现象为基础创造新产品。结合下文具体内容可知，本文着重论述了声音技术领域的发明创造。故选B。第二节 精深语篇一.写出文中划线词汇在语境中的词义：1.professional n. 专业人士；内行2.phenomenon n. 现象3.chase v. 追逐；追赶4.switch v. 打开开关5.deafening adj. 震耳欲聋的mercial

35、 adj. 商业（化）的；商品化的7.temporarily adv. 暂时地；临时地8.deadly adj. 致死的9.upsetting adj. 令人心烦意乱的，令人苦恼的10.function v. 工作；发挥功能11.cancel v. 取消，终止；废除，注销12.similarly adv. 相似地；类似地；同样；也二.写出文中划线词组在语境中的含义1.hunger for 极需， 渴望得到2.pull out 拔出3.be about to do sth. 即将或正要做某事4.go crazy 发疯5.thanks to 幸亏；由于6.get rid of 摆脱，除去7.in

36、much the same way 以差不多的方式8.a circle of 一圈9.directed sound 定向声音10.targeted area 目标区域11.along with 和一起一道；以及；连同12.based on 以为依据三 词汇应用1.chase 请根据下列句意理解划线单词的意义：He chased after the burglar but couldnt catch him. 追赶Kevins been chasing after Jan for months. 追求I need to chase him about organizing the meeting

37、. 催促Ive been chasing around town all morning looking for a present for Sharon. 奔走2.switch 请根据下列句意理解划线单词的意义：Which switch do I press to turn it off? 开关She made the switch from full-time to part-time work when her first child was born. 改为；改变The law would encourage companies to switch from coal to clean

38、er fuels. 转向Within a few years the whole country will switch over to digital television. 转变In half an hour, theyd switched the tags on every cable. 调换3.upset 请根据下列句意填写单词的正确形式：Childhood illness can be upsetting for children and parents alike.If you are upset, you are unhappy or disappointed because s

39、omething unpleasant has happened to you.Paul was unwell last night with a stomach upset.These latest comments could upset the peace negotiations which are due to begin next week.四. 长难句分析及翻译要求：1.划主干,找出关联词,判断从句类型,理解主从句的附属成分; 2.翻译句子1.分析：并列连词but连接两个并列举；过去分词短语based on作为后置定语表示被动；定语从句we call sound修饰先行词the

40、phenomenon。翻译：过去，音响工程师们在录音室的幕后工作，但如今，许多音响专家以“声音”现象为基础，与其他领域的专业人士分享自己的知识和经验，创造出新的产品。2.分析：that连接定语从句修饰先行词a new technology；定语从句spotlights are used in the theater.修饰先行词the same way，这个定语从句省略了关系副词that,in which,以.方式。翻译：定向音效是一项新技术，它可以让公司像在剧院使用聚光灯一样使用音效。3.分析：along with意思是together with;as well as等，连接并列成分；现在分词

41、allowing作为定语修饰a choice of music；定语从句in which they are dining修饰先行词the atmosphere，也可以用where来连接这个定语从句。翻译：餐厅可以在菜单上提供多种食物选择的同时，提供多种音乐选择，让顾客能够更好地控制用餐的氛围。第三节 模仿训练要求: 1.做阅读理解题; 2.划出重点单词、短语以及句型，整理在线格处; 3.分析长难句这是一篇说明文。最近一项对人类基因的研究发现，人类的进化不仅仅发生在数十亿年前，而且最近几千年也有。Bajau人因为靠海为生，他们的身体已经进化成更能适应海洋生活。1.推理判断题。根据第一段的we a

42、re the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes, they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years.(我们是进化的产物，而且不仅仅是数十亿年前的产物。当科学家更深入的研究我们的基因时，他们发现了人类在过去几千年进化的例子)可知，作者列举第一段的例子是为了告诉我们关于人类进化

43、的一个新信息，那就是人类在最近几千年也在进化。B. New knowledge of human evolution.(人类进化的新知识)符合以上说法，故选B项。2.细节理解题。根据第二段的The Bajau, as these people are known, number in hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally live on houseboats; in recent times, theyve also built houses on st

44、ilts in coastal waters.(这些人被称为Bajau，在印度尼西亚、马来西亚和菲律宾有数十万人。他们一直住在船屋上；最近他们也把房子建在沿海水域的吊脚楼上)可知，Bajau把房子建在沿海区域。D. Off the coast.(沿海)符合以上说法，故选D项。3.细节理解题。根据第三段的we were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders.(我们很惊讶，他们在水下待的时间比我们当地的岛民要长的多)可知，让Jubilado感到吃惊的是Bajau人能在水下待更长的时

45、间。C. They could stay long underwater. (他们能在水下待很长时间)符合以上说法，故选C项。4.主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第二段的On Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaption-not to air or to food, but to the ocean.(周四，在细胞杂志上发表的一篇文章中，一群研究人员报道了一种新的适应不是空气也不是食物，而是海洋)可知，本文主要讲述了一种新的进化，即长期生活在海

46、边，靠海为生的生活方式，让Bajau人的身体进化成更适应海洋生活。A. Bodies Remodeled for a Life at Sea.(身体为适应海洋生活而重塑)可以作为本文标题，故选A项。词汇与句型积累：1.evolution n. 进化；演变2.highland n. 高地，高原（地区）3.altitude n. 海拔；高地4.digest v. 消化5.sea-dwelling 海上居住的6.traditionally 海上居住的7.houseboat n. 形如房子的船，游艇8.coastal adj. 近海的，沿海的9.spearfish v. 用鱼叉捕鱼10.harvest

47、 v. 收获；捕猎；采集；获取11.underwater adj. 在水中的；水面下的12.make a living 糊口谋生；谋生13.in genetics 学习遗传学的14.adapt to 适应15.led to 导致16.natural selection 自然选择17.She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them.分析：if连接宾语从句，作为动词wondered的宾语；that连接定语从句修饰先行词the evolution。翻译：她想知道，几个世纪的潜水是否会导致身体特征的进化，从而使他们的任务更容易。