Unit 4 Reading 讲义-2021-2022学年高一英语牛津译林版（2020）必修第一册.docx

1、M1U4 Reading Teens faints after skipping meals1. skip vt.&vi.不做(应做的事情等);跳过; 蹦蹦跳跳地走;略过skip breakfastskip school/classskip a gradeskip over the fenceskip over the detailsA teenage girl fainted at Stonechester High School after skipping meals.Jenifer Jones, 15, told friends in her class that she was fe

2、eling unwell. She then passed out in her morning PE lesson and was rushed to hospital. 2. pass away去世pass by经过pass down传给后人;把往下传pass . on to把传递给我没有去上班，因为我不想把感冒传给别人。I stayed off work, as I didnt want to _ others.有几个人从老人身边经过，却没有人主动提出帮助。Several people _ the old man but nobody offered to help. 答案;pass o

3、n to; pass byJenifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately. He worried parents told the doctor that their daughter missed breakfast that day and hardlyy touched her dinner the night before. Fortunately, she is now out of danger. Her doctor says that she wil

4、l make a full recovery in a day or two.3. 我一收到信就给他回复了。I responded to his letter immediately _.答案; I received the letterJennifers classmates hope to see her back at school soon. They say that she has struggled with eating problems for a long time. “Jennifer thought that skipping meals would be a simp

5、le way to reach her target weight,”Her friend Laura Williams told our reporter. “She has not eaten breakfast for the last few months. She told me that she had trouble concentrating in class. I warned her that skipping meals was unhealthy, but she wouldnt listen. ”(1) concentrate on集中；全神贯注于(2) concen

6、trate ones attention on.集中精力于(2)concentration n.集中精力；专心(3)focus on集中注意力于The boy found it hard to concentrate his attention _ his study.这个男孩发现集中注意力学习很难。Some people take exercise lessons to improve their _ (concentrate).一些人参加一些健身课程来提高注意力.答案： in; concentrationJenifers case is a reminder of the dangers

7、of the unhealthy weight-loss habits that have become common among teenagers of both sexes. In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly. According to a recent survey of senior high school students lifestyles, almost

8、one fifth of teenagers regularly skip meals, one in ten over-exercise and four per cent even take weight-loss medicine. Health experts are concerned about the side effects of losing weight too quickly. They also have warned them against using such extreme methods. 5. in the extreme极其;极端;极to the extr

9、eme走向极端extremelyadv.非常，极其；极端地目前我们正在极大的压力下工作。We are _ at the moment. Whenever I have to give a speech, I get _ (极度紧张) before I start.答案; in great pressure;extremely stressed; 6.be concerned about担心;关心be concerned with与相关as far as . be concerned在某人看来;就而言_, education experts should _ the problems that

10、_ the healthy growth of the children. 依我之见，教育专家应该关心与儿童健康成长有关的问题。答案： As far as I am concerned; be concerned about;concerns6.side effect副作用be of no effect无效 have an effect on/upon对产生影响bring/put/carry.into effect实行；使生效come into effect生效，开始实施take effect生效，起作用in effect实际上；有效；在实施中(2) effective adj.有效的；生效的

11、The Drink Driving Law _ from May 1,2011.酒驾法律自2011年5月1日开始生效。The medicine will soon _ according to the doctor.医生说这种药很快就会见效。_，well be earning less than $75,000 this year.实际上，今年我们将会赚少于75 000美元。They promised to take some _(effect) measures to solve this problem.他们答应会采取有效的措施来解决这个问题。答案：take effects; be in

12、effect;In effect;effectiveThese so-called quick-fix methods prove to be harmful to teenagers.It is normal for teenagers to be slightly overweight and there is no reason why they should be worried. However, for those who are dangerously overweight, it is very important that they try to lose weight pr

13、operly,” said an expert.7. prove a point证明一个观点It is proved that.据证实prove sth. to sb.向证明prove n/pron. (to be) n/adj.prove + 宾语从句_ the new medicine has side effect.已经证明了，这种新药有副作用。The book about education of the youth has proved _ very successful.事实证明了这本关于年轻人的教育的书非常成功。答案：1. It proves that;to be She poi

14、nted out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well. If they do not take in enough food, they may feel weak and get ill easily. She added, “What is more, they should keep regular hours and get plent

15、y of exercise to stay energetic and fit. We strongly encouraged all teenagers to follow these lifestyle tips, because living well is the safest and most effective way to get into shape”8.vi.起作用，正常工作，运转 n.作用，功能，职能(1)perform a function发挥作用(2)function as用作；起的作用=serve as，act asAll the machines in the co

16、mpany _ well.公司里的所有机器运行良好。It is a phrase that functions _ an adverb in the sentence.在这个句子中，它是一个用作副词的短语。答案： performs; performed 9.To read an article is one thing, and to take in fully is another. _She took Tom in completely with her story she made up. _The old man took in some homeless dogs. _Most pl

17、ants take in CO2, and give out O2. _答案： 吸引；收留；吸收10. in shape在形状上；健康状况良好out of shape变形；身体不健康in the shape of以的形状in good/bad shape身体健康/不健康take shape形成be shaped like形状像The old man is _ for a man of his age.对他这个年龄的人来说，老人的身体算是不错了。答案： in good shape一、 根据所给汉语提示填空1He is a man to count on and he sure to _（言出必行

18、）. (根据汉语提示填空)2He finally found a job in an international trade company because _（英语是他的强项）. (根据汉语提示填空)3She is proud that both her children _（有音乐天赋）. (根据汉语提示填空)4At first they hated each other, but they ended _（结婚了）. (根据汉语提示填空)5She wanted to _（炫耀她的新衣服） at the party. (根据汉语提示填空)6He has nothing to do all

19、day long and _（闲逛） in the street. (根据汉语提示填空)7After _（一系列的）unsuccessful attempts, he has finally passed the driving test. (根据汉语提示填空)8He will _（最后会有麻烦） if he is not careful. (根据汉语提示填空)9Recently I have _（实现我的梦想）to have my own calligraphy exhibition. (根据汉语提示填空)10Good qualities, such as being honest and

20、positive, _（有助于成功和幸福）. （根据汉语提示完成句子）11He got to the meeting _（迟到了）. （根据汉语提示完成句子）12Their parents were _（对他们施加压力） to get married. （根据汉语提示完成句子）13The wheels of the car are already _（变形了）. (根据汉语意思完成句子)14I wish it is _（在我的能力之内） to change the decision. (根据汉语意思完成句子)15It is a struggle for him to read the whol

21、e book. So he just_ (略过困难的部分) while reading. （根据汉语意思完成句子）16He proposed we _（略过细节） and stick to the main point. （根据汉语意思完成句子）根据句意和汉语提示用所学的词组完成句子。17_ _ (如果时间允许), well visit the Notre Dame even though it is being repaired due to the fire months ago.18If you can _ _ _ (想出) just one new idea from this ori

22、ginal technique, it will be worth your time.19After many competitions with various teams representing different countries, the members of the Chinese Womens Volleyball Team didnt seem to get a bit _ _ (累垮, 耗尽体力).20While cloning human embryos is not legal in many countries, some scientists are alread

23、y _ _ _ (努力推进) research in order to produce a cloned human baby.21Parents often complain that their kids like to be _ _ _ (与冲突) them while they are in harmony with their pals.22Among the members of the committee those who favor the change of the law are _ _ _ (占多数).23While the USA wants to hold back

24、 the development of China, it needs to _ _ _ (考虑在内) the needs of many consumers of its own country.24However, some people believe that cloning human embryos _ _ _ _ (带有的意图) destroying them shows no respect for human life.25Many animals, _ _ pigeons _ (从到) monkeys, have shown that they have a quicker

25、 brain than we thought.26_ _ _ _ (没有被原谅) for my fault, I personally visited him after sending another e-mail.27完成句子她的眼镜坏了，她看不见黑板上的字。(独立主格结构)_, she couldnt see the words on the blackboard.有这么多的人帮助我们，我们一定会成功。So many people _, we are sure to succeed. (help, 独立主格结构)天气允许的话，明天我们将去野营。_, well go camping tom

26、orrow.(独立主格结构)一切都考虑在内的话，这个提议还是很有价值的。Everything _, the suggestion is of great value. (consider)He told his plan to his friends, _him carrying it out. (approve)他把自己的计划告诉了朋友们，其中多数人赞同他实施那个计划。二、完成句子28The agreement should have very positive results _. 从长远来看，这个协议将会产生非常积极的影响。29The Dragon Boat Festival is _.

27、 端午节是为了纪念中国的一位诗人。30_ longevity. 身心健康有助于长寿。31The reason _ is that he often tells lies. 我不信任他的原因是他常常撒谎。三、根据汉语意思填写单词32Most of the computers we are using are _(数码的, 数字的)computers. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)33The _(外面的, 外部的)features of the building are very attractive. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)34Words cannot describe the _(美, 美丽)

28、of the scene. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)35The tree cast its _(阴影, 影子) on the wall. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)四、用单词的适当形式完成句子36The firewall guards the computer _ viruses or other harmful programs. (用适当的词填空)37At last, this was a chance to show _ her talents before a real audience. (用适当的词填空)38We all take pride _ your success. (用适当

29、的词填空)39Sales have not lived up _ expectations this year. (用适当的词填空)40The heavy cloud of disappointment seemed to hang _ the whole proceedings. (用适当的词填空)41The _(content) of the letter are secret. (所给词的适当形式填空)42Houses in the suburbs often have no _(individual). (所给词的适当形式填空)43The Second World War during

30、 _ millions of people were killed ended in 1945. (用适当的词填空)44I started doing anything I could to help them build a little _（proud）. (所给词适当形式填空)45Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most _（talent） individuals. (所给词适当形式填空)46Charlie Chaplin made great contr

31、ibutions _the film industry. (用适当的词填空)47John only agreed to go under pressure _his parents. (用适当的词填空)48Katie pressed me _（contact） the manager immediately. (所给词的适当形式填空）49Everyone needs to battle against the _（press）of life. (所给词的适当形式填空）50Cathy suffered some terrible illness in her early childhood. A

32、fter years of regular _（treat）, she finally became healthy. (所给词的适当形式填空)51While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is _（effective）at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. (所给词的适当形式填空)52_my college years drawing near, I have to decide what i want to do afte

33、r I graduate. (单词的适当形式填空)53With prices _（go）up so fast, many people have a tough time. (所给词的适当形式填空)54With nothing _(do), he slept the whole afternoon. (所给词的适当形式填空)55With the exam _ （come） near, she felt anxious.(单词的适当形式填空)56He is considered the most _（talent） football player in Europe. (所给词适当形式填空)完成

34、句子57They talked about their son _obvious pride. (单词的适当形式填空)58All the football players on the playground cheered loudly, saying that I had a talent _football. (用适当的单词填空)59Pressure is _ you feel when you are worried or uncomfortable about something.(用适当的单词填空)60People tend to take pride _ keeping every

35、thing in their street fresh and inviting. (单词的适当形式填空)61Your achievements are something to be proud _. (单词的适当形式填空)62Walking upright makes it easy to find food or guard _enemies. (单词的适当形式填空)63He finally _（achieve）success when he tried for the 6th time. (所给词适当形式填空)Directions: Complete each of the follo

36、wing sentences, using the verbs given in the brackets.64He often sang to her late at night, _（hide）behind a secret wall in her room.65They left the university, with Einstein_（drive）.66The banyan tree is an interesting tree with many roots_（grow）down from its branches.67_（use） this method, banyan tre

37、es can cover an enormous area.68Speaking of trees, a gingko tree_（believe） to be around 2,800 years old was recently discovered in Hebei Province, China.69The flower pot smashed to the ground below, narrowly_（miss）some children at play.70The researchers recruited a sample group of students and gave

38、each a questionnaire _（design）to measure stress level.71_（blossom）into a lovely young lady, she enrolled in a dance school.72I hope you have a weekend_（fill） with joy and reflection, focused on the things that matter most.73_（not receive） a reply, he decided to make another attempt.单句语法填空74_ all our

39、 efforts to save the old man, he died of heart trouble.75Progress so far has been very good. We are, _, confident that the work will be completed on time.76We did what we could _（help）him out of the trouble.77If you dont know what you want, you might end up _（get）something you dont want.78When _（per

40、mit）to play football, the boy jumped with joy79It _（be）Sunday again, we could have a day of our own, and do what we wanted to.80_（read）the interesting novel, he passed it on to me to read.81The meeting _（hold）yesterday is of much importance.82We _（gather）our books when the light suddenly went out.83

41、They _（repair）the fallen bridge all day long and didnt know it was getting dark.单句语法填空84My parents had trouble adjusting to_(live) in a foreign county.85All her spare time_( devote) to learning English, she has no time to practice dancing.86If you choose only to complain and escape from the sufferin

42、g, it will always follow you_you are.87He is telling a story of Lei Feng, of_everyone of us is proud.88The plot of the novel is complex and_( fascinate).89Peking Opera is one of the most popular_( opera) in China.90Along with rich fishing grounds , the area is believed_(have) large oil and natural g

43、as.91The play I enjoyed last night includes six scenes_the style of a classical Greek tragedy.单句填空92With the governments aid, those _ (affect) by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.93The square looks more beautiful _ all the lights on.94The flood _ (destroy) a lot of houses and many pe

44、ople became homeless.95_ number of visitors come to China every year.96Rescue workers are rescuing the _ (injure) in the earthquake.97They dug a hole and _ (bury) the money.单句语法填空98Many animals move from one place to another _ certain times of the year；this _（move）is called migration99A team of scie

45、ntists _（lead）by professor Eli Schlizerman at the University of Washington has now found the answer100The solution _ the mystery of the monarchs _（amaze）ability comes at a time _ it is in serious trouble101Its population _（crash）by as much as ninety percent in the last few years；_（unfortunate），human

46、 activity is the main reason _ the monarch numbers are falling102A better understanding of the monarchs behaviour has however led to a greater _（aware）and _（appreciate）of this creature103The _（much）we know about these delicate creatures，_（great）the chance they _（survive）104We are in a position _ we

47、may lose a great deal of money105It is so wet there that the trees are extremely tall，some _（measure）over 90 metres106Now we have to raise the public _ of environmental protection because many people in our country are not _ of the environment we live in is becoming worse and worse（aware）107The more

48、 we get together，the _（happy）we will be108Plants and animals， including humans，need food and water _（survive）单句语法填空109_ (bury) in the novel, the boy didnt raise his head and forgot to eat anything.110_ (addict) to the computer games, Alice hardly goes to work.111_ (know) the address and any informat

49、ion, I wasnt able to contact him.112_ (show) around Tiananmen Square, the tourists were taken to visit the Palace Museum.113Housing price is rising sharply. Such _ (be) the case, we are very lucky to have a house of our own.114_ (translate) into three foreign languages, the book sells well.115_ (bea

50、t), children were not discouraged by the result.116_ (write) in a hurry, this composition was not well constructed.117_ (suffer) from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes.118The building _ (build) now is said to be intended for students not for

51、 teachers.五、汉译英（整句）119这场病对他的人生观产生了深刻的影响。(effect) (汉译英)120我对当前的收入很满意。(content) (汉译英)121他最终考试没及格。(end up) (汉译英)参考答案1live up to his promise【详解】考查固定短语。句意：他是一个值得信赖的人并且言出必行。live up to ones promise是一个固定搭配，意为：信守某人的诺言/言出必行。主语为he，根据人称指代一致原则可知答案为live up to his promise。be sure to do sth , 后接动词原形。故填live up to hi

52、s promise。2English is his strength【详解】考查主系表结构和时态。句意：他最终在一家国际贸易公司找到了一份工作，原因是英语是他的强项。because引导的原因状语从句，从句主语为English，谓语为is，表语为his strength。strength名词（力气、长处）。句子为一般现在时。故填English is his strength。3have a talent for music【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她很自豪她的两个孩子有音乐天赋。“have a talent for.”是一个固定短语，意为：有.的天赋，主语children ，根据主谓一致再结合

53、汉语提示以及一般现在时，可知答案为have a talent for music。4getting married【详解】考查固定短语。句意：起初他们互相憎恨，但最终还是结婚了。根据汉语提示“结婚”可知短语为get married，且上文为短语end doing sth.。故填getting married。5show off her new clothes【详解】考查固定短语。句意：她想在party上炫耀她的新衣服。短语show off意为炫耀，结合其他汉语提示，故填show off her new clothes。6hangs around/about【详解】考查短语和时态。句意：他整天无

54、所事事，就在街上闲逛。根据汉语提示“闲逛”可知短语为hang around/about，结合上文has可知为一般现在时，主语为he，谓语动词用第三人称单数。故填hangs around/about。7a series of【详解】考查固定短语。句意：经过一系列失败的尝试后，他终于通过了驾照考试。根据汉语提示“一系列的”可知短语为a series of。故填a series of。8end up in trouble【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：如果他不小心，他最后会有麻烦的。end up “以（状态）结束”；in trouble“陷入麻烦”，空格前有will，故用一般将来时。故填end u

55、p in trouble。【点睛】9lived up to my dream【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意：最近我实现了我自己举办书法展览的梦想。live up to 是一个固定短语，意为：实现；不辜负；完成，根据空格前的 have 可知此处用现在完成时态，再结合汉语提示的其它词汇可知答案为lived up to my dream。10contribute to success and happiness【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：良好的品质，如诚实和积极，有助于成功和幸福。根据汉语提示可知，contribute to有助于，固定短语，符合题意，其后接宾语success and hap

56、piness“成功和幸福”；本句陈述了一个事实，空处谓语动词需用一般现在时态，主语是复数Good qualities，空处谓语动词需用原形。故填contribute to success and happiness。11behind schedule【详解】考查固定。句意：他参会迟到了。名词schedule意为“预定安排”，介词behind 意为“在后”behind schedule意为落后于预定时间安排，即“迟到了”。故填behind schedule。12putting pressure on them【详解】考查过去进行时态和固定搭配。句意：他们的父母正在给他们施加结婚的压力。根据汉语提

57、示可知，put pressure on sb.给某人施加压力，固定短语，介词on后需接人称代词宾格them；根据句子结构可知，空处谓语动词使用了过去进行时态：were doing，表示过去某一个时间正在做某事，所以空处动词put需用其现在分词形式putting。故填putting pressure on them。13out of shape【详解】考查固定短语。句意：汽车的车轮已经变形了。根据汉意提示，使用固定短语out of shape：变形的，走样的。故填out of shape。14within my power【详解】考查固定短语。句意：我希望我能改变这个决定。根据汉语提示可知，空处

58、短语为within my power，作句中作表语。故填within my power。15skipped over the difficult parts【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：对于他来说，阅读整本书是一件很难的事情。所以他在阅读时跳过了困难的部分。“略过”可使用动词短语“skip over”，“困难的部分”可翻译为“the difficult parts”，该句子描述的是过去的事情，因此使用一般过去时。故填skipped over the difficult parts。16skip over the details【详解】考查固定短语和虚拟语气。句意：他建议我们跳过细节，抓住要

59、点。根据汉语意思“略过”可知短语为skip over，后跟复数名词 the details作宾语；且propose表示“建议”，所接的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，其结构为：(should) +原形动词，should可省略。故填skip over the details。17 Time permitting/allowing 18 come up with 19 burned/burnt/worn/tired out 20 pushing ahead with 21 in conflict with 22 in the/a majority 23 take into consideration/acc

60、ount 24 with the intention of 25 ranging/varying from to 26 Not having been forgiven 【解析】17考查独立主格。逗号后面是主句，主句和_ _ (如果时间允许)之间无连词，因此，_ _ (如果时间允许)做状语，是独立主格结构。time和allow/permit之间是主动关系，因此第二个空应用现在分词。故填Time permitting/allowing。18考查固定短语。come up with意为“提出”，是固定短语。can是情态动词，后面接动词原形，故填come up with。19考查短语。表示“累垮某人”

61、，应用burn/wear/tire sb. out。主语the members和burn/wear/tire之间是被动关系，get done表被动，故该处应用过去分词。 故应填burned/burnt/worn/tired out。20考查固定短语。表示“努力推进”，用固定短语push up with。主语some scientists和push up with之间是主动关系，且根据空前的are可知，该句用的是现在进行时态。故该处应用现在分词。故填pushing up with。21考查固定短语。表示“和冲突”，应用in conflict with，是固定短语，故填in conflict wi

62、th。22考查固定短语。表示“占多数”，应用in the/a majority，是固定表达。故填in the/a majority。23考查固定短语。表示“将考虑在内”，应用take sth. into consideration/account。need to do sth.是固定句式，因此空处应填动词原形，且the needs of many consumers of its own country是take的宾语。故空处填take into consideration/account。24考查固定短语。表示“带有的意图”，应用“with the intention of”，这是固定表达。

63、故填with the intention of。25考查非谓语动词和固定短语。表示“从到变动”，应用vary/range fromto。_ _ pigeons _ (从到) monkeys作定语，修饰many animals，many animals和vary之间是主动关系，应用现在分词。故填ranging/varying from to。26考查非谓语动词。forgive意为“原谅”。 _ _ _ _ (没有被原谅) for my fault作状语。主句主语I和forgive之间是被动关系，且“未被原谅”先于主句动作visit发生，因此，应用现在分词的完成被动形式having been do

64、ne，其否定形式为not having been done。故填Not having been forgiven。27Her glasses broken to help us Weather permitting considered most of whom approved of/ most approving of 【详解】(1). 分句要求使用独立主格结构，根据句意，独立结构部分的主语是her glasses，动词为break，her glasses和break之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用break的过去分词broken。注意句首单词首字母大写，所以答案为：Her glasses b

65、roken。(2). 分句要求使用独立主格结构，动作还未发生，分句的逻辑谓语也要用不定式结构，所以答案为：to help us。(3). 分句要求使用独立主格结构，根据句意，独立主格结构部分的主语是weather，动词为permit，weather和permit之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故用permit的现在分词形式permitting。注意句首单词首字母大写，所以答案为：Weather permitting。(4)分句要求使用独立主格结构，根据句意，consider和Everything之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故用过去分词，所以答案为：considered。(5) most of whom a

66、pproved of为定语从句，whom在此作of的宾语；most approving of为独立主格结构，在此作状语。【点睛】独立结构的特点之一就是分句和主句分别有自己的主语，即独立结构的逻辑主语与主句的主语不同，比如本题的第一小题用的独立主格结构，独立主格结构的主语为her glasses，主句的主语为she。28in the long term【详解】考查介词短语。对比中英文句意可知，空处需表示“从长远来看”之意，in the long term从长远来看，介词短语作状语，符合题意。故填in the long term。29in memory of a Chinese poet【详解】考

67、查介词短语和名词。根据中英文提示，空处缺少“为了纪念中国的一位诗人”，in memory of“为了纪念”是介词短语，a Chinese poet“一位中国的诗人”作介词of的宾语，故填in memory of a Chinese poet。30Physical and mental health contribute to【详解】考查时态、固定短语和形容词。根据句意可知，句子陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“physical”意为“身体的”，形容词词性，“mental”意为“精神的”，形容词词性，作定语修饰“health”，“Physical and mental health”表示“身心

68、健康”，句首单词首字母大写，“contribute to”意为“有助于”，在句中作谓语，根据句子主语可知，动词应用原形。故填Physical and mental health contribute to。31why I dont trust him【详解】考查定语从句、时态和动词。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“reason”，在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词“why”引导从句，从句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时，“I”作从句主语，“dont trust”作谓语，表示“不信任”，“him”作宾语，“I dont trust him”表示“我不信任他”。故填why I

69、 dont trust him。32digital【详解】考查形容词。句意：我们使用的大多数计算机是数字计算机。根据汉语提示可知，digital“数码的, 数字的”，形容词作定语修饰名词computers，符合题意。故填digital。33external【详解】考查形容词。句意：这座建筑物的外部特征非常吸引人。根据汉语提示可知，external“外面的,外部的”，形容词作定语修饰名词features，符合题意。故填external。34beauty【详解】考查名词。句意：语言无法描述那景色之美。根据汉语提示可知，beauty“美，美丽”，不可数名词作宾语，符合题意。故填beauty。35sh

70、adow【详解】考查名词。句意：树的影子投射在墙上。根据中文提示“阴影，影子”可知，单词为：shadow，在句子中作cast的宾语。故填：shadow。36against【详解】考查短语。句意：防火墙保护计算机不受病毒或其他有害程序的侵害。观察句子可知，此题考查guardagainst短语，翻译为：提防、防止，符合题意。故填：against。37off【详解】考查短语。句意：终于，这是一个在真正的观众面前展示她才华的机会。分析句子可知，此句考查固定短语show off，意思为：炫耀、卖弄，符合题意。故填：off。38in【详解】考查短语。我们都为你的成功感到骄傲。观察句子可知，此句考查take

71、 pride in，翻译为：为感到骄傲。故填：in。39to【详解】考查介词和固定短语。句意：今年的销售额并没有达到预期。live up to“达到；不辜负”，是固定短语，根据句意，故填to。40over【详解】考查固定短语。句意：失望的阴云似乎笼罩着整个过程。hang over笼罩，该短语是固定短语，所以填over。41contents【详解】考查名词和主谓一致。句意：这封信的内容是保密的。根据本句的be动词are可知，主语为复数，content“内容”应该改为复数形式contents。故填：contents。42individuality【详解】考查名词。句意：郊区的房子往往没有个性。该空

72、作have的宾语，用名词，individuality是不可数名词。故填individuality。43which【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在1945年结束的第二次世界大战中，数百万人丧生。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为限制性定语从句，先行词为“The Second World War”，指物，在从句中作“during”的宾语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。44pride【详解】考查名词。句意：我开始做力所能及的一切来帮助他们建立一些自豪感。a little修饰不可数名词，且作 build的宾语，因此用名词pride。故填pride。45talented【详解】考查形容

73、词。句意：大多数人相信，建立一个伟大团队的最佳方法是聚集一群最有才华的人。空处应填一个形容词作定语，修饰名词individuals，talented意为“有才能的”，故填talented。46to【详解】考查介词。句意：查理卓别林为电影工业做出了巨大的贡献。make contributions to表示“对.最贡献”，是固定搭配，故填to。47from【详解】考查介词。句意：约翰只是在父母的压力下才同意去。根据句意，此处压力是来自父母的，所以用介词from。故填from。48to contact【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：Katie敦促我立刻联系经理。press“逼迫；催促”为动词，可用于句

74、型press somebody to do something“敦促某人干某事”；contact“联系”为动词，此处需用动词不定式。故填to contact。49pressure【详解】考查名词。句意：每个人都需要与生活的压力作斗争。根据the和后面的of，可知此处需要用名词，表示“.的压力”，作宾语。故填pressure。50treatment【详解】考查名词。句意：Cathy小时候得过一些可怕的疾病，经过多年的定期治疗，她终于康复了。介词of，需要名词短语作宾语，作介词of的宾语用名词，故此空需要用treat的名词形式treatment，表示抽象意义，不可数。故填 treatment。51

75、more effective【详解】.考查形容词比较级。句意：虽然经常跑步不能让你长命百岁，但评论说，跑步比散步、骑自行车或游泳延长寿命更有效。根据空格前的is可知，词句是系表结构，空处填形容词，形容词effective意为“有效的”，比较级是more effective，根据空格后的than 可知，此处指“更有效”，是形容词effective的比较级用法more effective，因此填more effective。52With【详解】考查介词。句意：随着我的大学生涯即将来临，我必须决定我毕业后想做什么。分析句子可知，此处为with的复合结构：“with+宾语+宾补”。故答案为With。5

76、3going【详解】考查非谓语动词现在分词。句意：由于价格上涨得太快，许多人的日子都不好过。介词with可接复合宾语结构，在句中常做伴随、方式、原因、条件等状语，go up so fast，是复合结构中的补语，需用非谓语动词，现在分词和所修饰的内容有主动进行关系。go up和prices是主动关系。故填going。54done【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他什么也没做，整个下午都在睡觉。分析可知，此处do为非谓语动词，其逻辑主语为nothing，二者构成动宾关系，应用过去分词形式。故填done。55coming【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着考试临近，她感到焦虑。分析句子结构可知，这是一个w

77、ith独立主格结构作伴随状语，exam与come之间是主动关系，故用come的现在分词coming。填coming。56talented【详解】考查形容词。句意：他被认为是欧洲最有天赋的足球运动员。根据the most可知此处使用形容词最高级，talent意为天赋需转换为形容词talented意为有天赋的，符合句意，故填talented。57with【详解】考查介词。句意：他们带着很明显的自豪谈论他们的儿子。介词with+名词作方式状语，with obvious pride表示带着明显的自豪/骄傲去做.，在本句中修饰动作talk about，故填with。58for【详解】考查固定短语和介词。

78、句意：操场上所有的足球运动员都大声欢呼，说我有足球天赋。 have a talent for是固定词组，意为“在方面有天赋”。根据句意，故填for。59what【详解】考查表语从句。句意：压力就是当你担心或不舒服的时候的感觉。分析可知空格所在的句子是一个表语从句且缺少主语，故用连接代词，此处指你所感觉到的东西。故答案为what。60in【详解】考查固定短语。句意：人们往往以保持街道上的一切清新美好而自豪。分析句子可知，句中涉及固定短语“take pride in”，意为“以而自豪”，句中指以保持街道上的一切清新美好而自豪，符合句意。故填in。61of【详解】考查介词。句意：你的成就是值得骄傲的

79、。分析题意，be proud of 译为“对.感到骄傲/自豪”，是固定短语。故填of。62against【详解】考查介词搭配。句意：直立行走使得寻找食物，防范敌人容易了。guard against防范，防止，提防，符合句意。故填against。63achieved【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当他第六次尝试时，他终于成功了。根据句意和后文tried可知应用一般过去时。故填achieved。64hiding65driving66growing67Using68believed69missing70designed71Having blossomed72filled73Not having rece

80、ived【分析】本题考查非谓语动词在句中的运用。64考查现在分词。句意：他经常在深夜躲在她房间的一堵秘密墙后面对着她唱歌。句中已有谓语动词sang，此处应该是非谓语动词。主语和动词hide是主动关系，用现在分词，在句中作状语，故填hiding。65考查现在分词。句意：他们离开了大学，爱因斯坦开着车。此处是with的复合结构，Einstein和drive是主动关系，用现在分词。故填driving。66考查现在分词。句意：榕树是一种有趣的树，许多根从树枝上长下来。此处是with的复合结构，roots和grow是主动关系，用现在分词。故填growing。67考查现在分词。句意：用这种方法，榕树可以覆

81、盖很大的面积。句中动词use和主语banyan trees是主动关系，用现在分词，在句中作状语，故填Using。68考查过去分词。句意：说起树，最近在中国河北省发现了一棵银杏树，被认为大约有2800年的历史。句中谓语动词是was discovered，此处应该用非谓语动词。主语a gingko tree和动词believe是被动关系，用过去分词，在句中作定语，故填believed。69考查现在分词。句意：花盆摔到地上，差点砸到正在玩耍的孩子。句中已有谓语smashed，此处用非谓语动词。句中主语The flower pot和动词miss是主动关系，用现在分词，在句中作状语，故填missing。

82、70考查过去分词。句意：研究人员招募了一组学生作为样本，给他们每人一份设计好的问卷来测量他们的压力水平。句中已有谓语动词recruited和gave，此处用非谓语动词。questionnaire和design是被动关系，用过去分词，在句中作定语，故填designed。71考查现在分词。句意：她长成一位可爱的年轻女士后，进入了一所舞蹈学校。句中已有谓语动词enrolled，此处用非谓语动词。主语she和动词blossom是主动关系，且动作早于enroll，用分词的完成形式，故填Having blossomed。72考查过去分词。句意：我希望你有一个充满快乐和反思的周末，专注于最重要的事情。宾语从

83、句中已有谓语动词，此处用非谓语动词。weekend和动词fill是被动关系，用过去分词，在句中作定语，故填filled。73考查现在分词。句意：由于没有收到答复，他决定再试一次。句中已有谓语动词decided，此处用非谓语动词。主语he和动词receive是主动关系，且动作早于decided，用分词的完成形式，故填Not having received。74Despite75therefore76to help77getting78permitted79being80Having read81held82were gathering83had been repairing【分析】考查单句语法填

84、空。74考查介词。句意：尽管我们尽了一切努力去救那个老人，但他还是因为心脏病而去世了。despite：尽管，不管，它是介词，efforts是despite的宾语。故填Despite。75考查副词。句意：到目前为止进展很好。因此，我们相信这项工作将按时完成。前后两句为因果关系，therefore是副词，意为“因此”。故填therefore。76考查动词不定式。句意：我们尽力帮助他摆脱困境。由did可知，what we could do中的do省略掉了，help需充当非谓语动词，此处表示目的，应使用动词不定式。故填to help。77考查现在分词。句意：如果你不知道你想要什么，最后你可能会得到一些

85、你不想要的东西。end up doing：结果做某事。故填getting。78考查过去分词。句意：当男孩被允许踢足球时，他高兴得跳了起来。the boy承受permit的动作，permit应使用过去分词permitted，逗号前面为省略句，它的完整形式是：When the boy was permitted to play football。故填permitted。79考查独立主格结构。句意：又是星期天了，我们可以有自己的一天去做我们想做的事。分析句子结构可知，逗号前面为独立主格结构，因此it后面使用be动词的非谓语动词形式且逻辑上是主谓关系，故填入现在分词形式，即being。故填being。

86、80考查现在分词。句意：他读完那本有趣的小说后，他把它传给我看。分析句子结构可知，read充当非谓语动词，句子主语he发出read的动作，这是主动关系，故使用现在分词作状语，根据语意可知，read发生在passed之前，因此read应使用现在分词的完成式。故填Having read。81考查过去分词。句意：昨天举行的会议很重要。分析句子结构可知，hold充当非谓语动词，句子主语meeting承受hold的动作，这是被动关系，故使用过去分词作定语，表示“已经开完”的会议。故填held。82考查固定句型。句意：我们正在把书收起来，就在这时灯突然灭了。be doing sth when表示“正在做某

87、事，恰好when 后面的那件事情发生了”。该句型主句使用过去进行时，从句使用一般过去时，句子主语是we。故填were gathering。83考查过去进行时。句意：他们一整天都在修理那座塌下来的桥，没有意识到天快黑了。had been doing是过去完成进行时，表示“过去之前的某个动作一直在进行，持续到了过去”。该句子中repair的动作在“didnt know it was getting dark”之前发生并持续到了这个时候，有可能还会继续下去。故填had been repairing。【点睛】when译为“在某时突然”的时候有三种常见句型：1. sb be doing when.某人正

88、在做某事时突然如：I was watching TV when someone knocked the door. 我正在看电视，突然有人敲门。2. sb be about to do when.某人正要做某事时突然如：I was about to go out for a walk when the doorbell rang. 我正要出去散步，突然门铃响了。3. sb had just done sth when.某人刚做完某事时突然如：I had just finished the homework when my mother came in.我刚做完作业，突然妈妈就进来了。小题9考查

89、固定句型。句意：我们正在把书收起来，就在这时灯突然灭了。be doing sth when表示“正在做某事，恰好when 后面的那件事情发生了”。该句型主句使用过去进行时，从句使用一般过去时，句子主语是we。故填were gathering。84living85devoted86wherever87whom88fascinating89operas90to have91in【分析】这是单句语法填空。84考查非谓语动词。句意：我父母难以适应住在国外。adjust to. .意为“适应于”，其中to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词，作宾语。故填living。85考查独立主格结构。句意：她所有的空闲时

90、间都倾注在学习英语上，因此她没时间练习舞蹈。句中主谓宾结构完整，所填词要用非谓语动词，be devoted to“致力于，倾注于”。devote的逻辑主语为All her spare time，此处为“名词+动词-ed形式”构成独立主格结构，在句中作状语。故填devoted。86考查连词。句意：如果你只是选择抱怨和逃避磨难，那么无论你在哪里，它都会一直跟着你。前面为主句，后面是状语从句，表示“无论哪里”，要用从属连词wherever，故填wherever。87考查定语从句。句意：他正在讲关于雷锋的故事，我们每个人都为雷锋感到骄傲。前面为主句，后面是非限性定语从句，为介词加关系代词的结构。先行词

91、Lei Feng，指人，关系代词作介词of的宾语，故填whom。88考查形容词。句意：这部小说的情节错综复杂，引人人胜。并列连词and连接的两个部分要对称平行，and前complex为形容词，所以其后也要用形容词，作表语，此处主语为物，故用ing结尾的形容词，意为“极有吸引力的”。故填fascinating。89考查名词复数。句意：在中国，京剧是最受人喜欢的剧目之一。opera为可数名词，one of + the+最高级+复数名词，意为“之一”，所填名词要用复数形式。故填operas。90考查非谓语动词。句意：除了是富饶的渔场，该地区还被认为拥有大量的石油和天然气。谓语动词be(is) bel

92、ieved后要跟动词不定式作其宾语。故填to have。91考查介词。句意：我昨晚看的戏包含有六个古典希腊悲剧风格的场景。in the style of “以某种风格”，是固定搭配。故填in。【点睛】fascinated 和fascinating的区别：(1) fascinated 意为“入迷的，极感兴趣的”，它的主语通常是人。如：1 am fascinated by his ideas. 我对他的想法极感兴趣。(2 )fascinating意为“迷人的，有极大吸引力的”，主语通常为物。如：Is fascinating to see how different people approach

93、the problem. 看不同的人怎样处理这个问题真是有趣极了。92affected93with94destroyed95A96injured97buried【分析】考查单句语法填空。92考查非谓语动词。句意：在政府的援助下，那些受到地震影响的人已经搬到了新的定居点。分析句子结构可知affect在句中用非谓语动词形式，且代词those与动词affect构成被动关系，应用过去分词；过去分词短语affected by the earthquake在句中作后置定语修饰those，故填affected。93考查with的复合结构。句意：所有的灯都亮了，广场看起来更漂亮了。此处是with的复合结构，“

94、with+宾语+宾补（副词）”，故填with。94考查动词时态。句意：洪水毁掉了很多房屋，很多人变得无家可归。由句中的became可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填destroyed。95考查冠词。句意：每年都有很多游客来中国。根据句意可知，此处表示“许多”，应用短语 a number of。故填A。96考查固定用法。句意：救援人员正在营救地震中的伤者。“the+形容词”表示一类人；the injured伤者。故填injured。97考查动词时态。句意：他们挖了个洞，把钱埋了起来。根据句中的dug可知，此处应用一般过去时，故填buried。98 at movement 99led100 to am

95、azing when 101 has crashed unfortunately why 102 awareness appreciation 103 more the greater will survive 104where105measuring106 awareness aware 107happier108to survive【解析】98考查介词及名词。句意：许多动物在一年中的某个时间从一个地方移动到另一个地方，这种运动被称为迁徙。分析句子可知，at certain times为固定搭配，意为“在特定的时间”，故填at。另外，第二个句子中缺少主语成分，因此可使用名词作主语，故填mov

96、ement。99考查非谓语动词。句意：由华盛顿大学埃利施利泽曼教授领导的一个科学家小组已经找到了答案。分析句子可知，team与lead之间是逻辑上被动关系，因此可使用过去分词作后置定语。故填led。100考查介词短语、形容词和连词。句意：在黑脉金斑蝶陷入严重困难之际，人们终于揭开了它的惊人能力之谜。分析句子可知，a solution to为固定搭配，意为“.的解决办法/答案”。故填to。ability为名词，因此需使用形容词作定语对其进行修饰，-ing形容词常用来说明事物或人本身具有的特征，-ed形容词常用来描述人的感觉，故填amazing。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导时间状语从句，表示“

97、随着”或“当的时候”，故填when。101考查动词时态、副词及关系副词。句意：在过去几年里，其数量减少了90%，不幸的是，人类活动是其数量下降的主要原因。分析句子可知，in the last few years是指在过去的几年间，是始于过去一直持续到现在的时间段，因此需使用现在完成时。故填has crashed。修饰下文整个句子需要用副词形式，故填unfortunately。根据句子结构可知，该句为先行词为reason的定语从句，在从句中作状语需使用关系副词why，表示原因。故填why。102考查名词。句意：然而，对黑脉金斑蝶行为更好的理解，已经导致了人们对于这种生物有了更多的认识和欣赏。分析

98、句子可知greater为形容词比较级，可修饰名词，且and连接两个词性相同的词，故填awareness和appreciation。103考查副词、形容词比较级及动词时态。句意：我们对这些微生物了解的越多，它们存活的机会就越大。分析句子可知，该句是the+比较级the+比较级的句型结构，意为“越，就越”，故填 more和the greater。该句型中如果从句的谓语动词用一般现在时，主句的谓语动词要用一般将来时，故填will survive。104考查关系副词。句意：我们的处境是可能会损失很多钱。分析句子可知，该句为定语从句，先行词为position，在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词。故填whe

99、re。105考查独立主格结构。句意：这里非常潮湿，以至于树很高，一些甚至高达90米。分析句子可知，the trees are extremely tall是完整的句子，中间没有连词，说明后面是独立主格结构，some是逻辑主语，后面是非谓语动词作状语，measure后接数词，表示：长、宽、高是多少的时候，measure是不及物动词，和主语是主动关系，因此需使用现在分词。故填measuring。106考查名词和固定搭配。句意：现在我们必须提高公众的环保意识，因为我国很多人不知道我们生活的环境越来越差。分析句子可知，public为形容词，后需接名词，故填awareness。同时，be aware o

100、f为固定搭配，意为“意识到；知道”故填aware。107考查形容词比较级。句意：我们在一起越多，我们就越快乐。分析句子可知，该句是the+比较级the+比较级的固定句型，故填happier。108考查非谓语。句意：植物和动物，包括人都需要食物和水才能存活。分析句子可知，此处为不定式表目的，故填to survive。【点睛】ing形容词和ed形容词的区别：一、用法不同1、以后缀-ed结尾的形容词，如：ashamed, delighted, excited, frightened, interested, moved, pleased等)通常用于说明人，不用于说明事物，即使它们所修饰的名词是事物，

101、那它们指的也是与该事物相关的人。2、以后缀-ing结尾的形容词，如：delighting, exciting, frightening, interesting, moving, surprising, worrying等)主要用于说明事物，表示事物的性质或特征，若用它们说明人，则表示此人具有此性质或特征。二、对象不同1、主语是人用ed的形容词。2、主语是物用ing的形容词。三、能否作定语不同1、加ing的形容词能做定语。2、加ed的形容词不能做定语，但能构成词组。小题3中修饰指物的ability，故用amazing。109Buried110Addicted111Not knowing112H

102、aving been shown113being114Translated115Beaten116Written117Having suffered118being built【分析】本大题为单句语法，用所给短语的正确形式填空。做这种练习时，首先分析每个句子，根据具体的语境来判断缺少的部分在句子所做的成份确定其时态及语态，是谓语还是非谓语。更要注意的是有些是固定搭配和习惯用法，从而正确地完成本题。109考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：那个男孩专心致志于小说中头也不抬，忘记了吃东西。分析句子可知，此句中的bury是修饰主语the boy，表示主语的状态。“be buried in”为固定短语，意

103、为“专心致志于”，此处省略了主语the boy和be动词，完整句应为：As the boy was buried in the novel，应用动词-ed形式作原因状语，故填Buried。110考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：由于沉溺于网络游戏，Alice几乎不去上班。此处是be addicted to的省略，逻辑主语是Alice，与主句主语是一致，可省略主语和系动词was，故应用动词-ed形式作原因状语。故填Addicted。111考查动词-ing形式作状语。句意：我不知道地址和任何信息，所以不能和他取得联系。主句主语I和know之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故应用动词-ing形式作状语。根据句意

104、可知，要用否定式，故填Not knowing。112考查非谓语动词。句意：参观完天安门广场，游客们被带去参观故宫博物馆。show sb. around意为“带领某人参观”。动词show与the tourists之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，并且这个动作在句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，故用现在完成时的被动语态。故填Having been shown。113考查独立主格结构。句意：房价上涨很快。这种情况，我们拥有一幢自己的房子已很幸运。such is the case为固定用法，意为“情况就是这样”。分析句子可知，such与后面的主语we不一致，此时非谓语的逻辑主语such不能省略，此时表示一种状

105、态，因此要用非谓语中的being the case，such being the case为独立主格结构。故填being。114考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：这本书被译成三种外语，销路很好。动词translate与逻辑主语the book之间是被动关系，故应用动词形式作伴随状语。故填Translated。115考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：虽然输了，孩子们并没有因为这个结果而泄气。Children是beat的逻辑主语，和beat之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，故应用动词-ed形式作让步状语。故填Beaten。116考查动词-ed形式作状语。句意：因为写的匆忙，这篇文章构思得不好。分析句子结构可知

106、，write与this composition之间为被动关系，故应用动词-ed形式作原因状语。故填Written。117考查非谓语动词。句意：因为患了心脏病多年，无论去哪儿怀特教授都不得不带着些药。Professor White与动词suffer之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，并且这个动作在句子的谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生，所以用动词-ing形式的完成式。故填Having suffered。118考查非谓语动词。句意：现在正在建的那栋楼据说是为学生而不是为教师建的。由句中的now可知，此处表示动作正在进行，又因动词build与the building之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用动词-ing形式的被

107、动形式。故填being built。119The illness had a profound effect on his view of life.【详解】考查一般过去时和短语。根据中文提示可知，句子为一般过去时的陈述句。“对产生深刻的影响”翻译为：have a profound effect on sth；“他的人生观”翻译为：his view of life. 句子可以译为：The illness had a profound effect on his view of life. 故填：The illness had a profound effect on his view of l

108、ife.120I am content with my present income.【详解】考查时态和固定短语。句意：我对当前的收入很满意。描述主语现在的状态，用一般现在时；be content with对满意，该短语是固定短语，“我当前的收入”翻译为my present income，所以翻译为I am content with my present income.121He ended up failing in the exam.【详解】考查时态和固定用法。句意：他最终考试没及格。描述发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，end up doing sth.以告终，该用法是固定用法，“在考试中”用固定短语in the exam，所以填He ended up failing in the exam.。