Unit 6　Ancient stories【速记清单】-2023-2024学年八年级英语上册单元速记•巧练（牛津沪教版）.docx

1、Unit 6Ancient storiesUni6话题古代故事词汇1.ancient /ennt/ adj. 古代的2.war /w(r)/ n. 战争3.understand /ndstnd/ v. (understood, understood) 懂，理解4.difference /dfrns/ n. 差别；不同(之处)5.captain /kptn/ n. 首领6.soldier/sld(r)/ n. 士兵7.huge /hjud/ adj. 巨大的8.pull /pl/ v. (向某方向)拖，拉动9.main /men/ adj. 主要的10.celebrate /selbret/ v

2、. 庆祝；祝贺11.stupid /stjupd/ adj. 笨的；傻的12.midnight /mdnat/ n. 午夜；子夜13.empty /empti/ adj. 空的14.except /ksept/ prep. 除之外15.secret /sikrt/ n. 秘密的16.side /sad/ n. 侧面17.quietly /kwatli/ adv. 安静地18.army /mi/ n. 陆军部队19.enter /ent(r)/ v. 进来；进入20.succeed /sksid/ v. 达到目的；实现目标21.trick /trk/ n. 计谋22.prince /prns/

3、n. 王子23.queen /kwin/ n. 王后24.steal /stil/ v. (stole, stolen)偷；窃取25.punish /pn/ v. 处罚；惩罚26.scene /sin/ n. (戏剧或歌剧的)场27.sir /s(r)/ n. 先生短语1.act out 将表演出来2.make jokes about 拿开玩笑；以为笑柄3.except for 除之外4.(be) full of (有)大量的；(有)许多的5.in the end 最后e on (用于命令)快；加油；加把劲7.one by one 一个接一个8.in ancient times 在古代9.cl

4、imb out of 从爬出来10.succeed in doing. sth 成功地做成某事11.play a trick 恶作剧；捉弄12.fall asleep 入睡；睡着13.under attack 受到攻击14.at the beginning 从一开始15.in the middle 在中间16.at the end of 在结束时句型1.Theyve tried to capture our city for ten years.他们十年来一直试图占领我们的城市。2.I have not laughed like this since my childhood.我从小时候起就没

5、有这样笑过了。3.Tell me, how long have you lived in Hamburg?告诉我，你在汉堡住多久了？Since 1996. How long have you lived in Shanghai?从1996年开始。你在上海住了多久了？For 14 years. I was born here.14年了。我出生在这里。4.I have studied History for two years. I had a History lesson yesterday.我学了两年的历史。我昨天上了一节历史课。5.Zhou Yu asked Zhuge Liang to m

6、ake 100,000 arrows within ten days.周瑜让诸葛亮在十天内做出十万支箭。6.Zhuge Liangs solders sailed boats with many straw men towards the camps of Cao Caos army.诸葛亮的士兵们带着许多稻草人乘船向曹操军队的营地进发。语法现在完成时中的since和for写作古代故事要点1 try to dotry to do sth. 意为“设法去做某事，尽量去做某事”，其否定形式为try not to do sth.。例如：Try to get here in two hours.尽量在

7、两小时之内到达。 I try to answer the question.我尽力回答这个问题。(1) try doing sth. 意为“试着做某事”，强调尝试做某事。例如：You should try eating more vegetables. 你应当试着多吃点蔬菜。 He tried swimming across the river.他试着游过河去。(2) try ones best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”。例如：We should try our best to finish the work on time. 我们应该尽最大努力准时完成这项工作。 W

8、e should try our best to study English well. 我们应尽我们最大努力学好英语。【典例分析】1.Chinese parents always try their best _ a good education environment for their kids. A. provide B. to provide C. providing【答案】B【解析】考查固定搭配try ones best to do sth. 尽某人最大努力做某事。2.He tries _music well, so he practices _music every day.A.

9、 to learn; to sing B. learning; singing C. to learn; singing D. learning; to sing【答案】C句意“他尽量把音乐学好，所以他每天都练习唱歌”。try to do尽力做，try doing sth尝试做某事。根据so he practices _ music every day可知，他要尽力把音乐学好，排除B和D。再根据practise doing“练习做某事”可知，故选C。3.本学期我会尽力学好物理。Ill _ _ _ _ learn physics well this term.= Ill _ _learn phy

10、sics well this term.【答案】try my best to/ try to 4.他试图去开门，但每成功。He tries_ the door, but doesnt succeed. 【答案】opening 要点2 leaveleave的用法 (1)作为动词，意为“离开；留下；忘了带”。 My father leaves home at 6:00 oclock every morning. 我爸爸每天早上六点钟离开家。 Parents mustnt leave their kids alone at home. 父母千万不可以把孩子单独留在家。（2）拓展： leave for

11、 sp. 意为“动身去某地” Tom is leaving for Shanghai tomorrow. 汤姆明天动身去上海。 （3）注意：leave.是“离开”的意思，而leave for.是“动身去”的意思。Today well leave Changsha and tomorrow well leave for Beijing.今天我们将离开长沙，明天我们将动身去北京。【典例分析】1. Show me your homework，Dave? Sorry，Mrs. Brown. I _ it at home.Ado Bforget Ctake Dleave【答案】D【解析】此题考查动词词义

12、辨析。do“做”；forget“忘记”；take“拿，取；花费”；leave“离开；遗忘”。根据句意“Dave，给我看一看你的作业。对不起，布朗女士。我_它在家里了。”可知此空表示“遗忘”。而“leave.介词短语”表示“把遗忘在”，故选D。2. They _ for Shanghai soon. A. leftB. leaveC. are leavingD. leaves【答案】C【解析】句意：他们马上就要出发去上海。考查时态辨析。根据句中的leave为位置转移动词，通常使用进行时表达其短暂的将来，而will构成的将来时通常表达“长时间的将来。故选C。3.一些孩子16岁就毕业离校了。Some

13、 children_ _ at 16.【答案】leave school 4.现在该离开了。Its time _ _ now.【答案】to leave 5.他们打算明天前往伦敦。They plan to_ London tomorrow.【答案】leave for 6.他们将离开南京前往上海。 They will _ Nanjing _ Shanghai.【答案】leave for7. 你不能单独将他一个人留下。You cant _ him alone.【答案】leave “留下”之意。8.他将钢笔忘在教室里。 He _ his pen _ _ _.【答案】left in the classro

14、om. Leave sth sp. 将某事忘在某地。要点3 by midnight by midnight 意为“在午夜之前”。by意为“在之前”。 by the river. 在河边。 by： “在的旁边”，表示位置，=near，beside 。 There is an old house by the lake. 在湖旁有一座老房子。 “从的旁边经过路过”，表示移动方向。 An old friend passed by me without stopping.一位老朋友从我身边经过，没有停留。 “不迟于，在之前”，You must finish the work by Friday. “

15、通过，用”,表示方法手段。如： I learn English by listening to the radio. 我通过听收音机学英语。 “被，由，受”，用于被动语态。如： The cake is eaten by the boy. 这块蛋糕被那个小男孩吃了。【典例分析】一、指出下列各句by的用法1)There is a house by the river.【答案】by介词，在旁边=beside，near2)An old friend passed by me without stopping.【答案】by 介词。“从的旁边经过路过”3)You must finish this work

16、 by Friday【答案】by 介词。到。为止4)I learn English by listening to the radio.【答案】by介词“ 通过，用”5)The cake was eaten by that little boy【答案】by “被，由，受” 用于被动语态。2.The children here improve their English listening and speaking every day.A. on B. for C.by D. with【答案】C【解析】考查介词。句意:这里的孩子们通过每天听和说来提高他们的英语水平。on意为“在上面”;for意为

17、“为了”;by意为“通过”,表示通过某种手段或方法,其后常接动名词;with意为“和一起”。故选C。3.Shall we go to the airport to pick up your sister?I dont think its necessary. She will come here taxi.A. on B. for C.by D. with【答案】C【解析】by在这里表示乘坐某种交通工具。By taxi/by train/by bike /by bus.4.On sunny days, my grandma often reads a novel the window.A. f

18、or B. on C.by D. with 【答案】C【解析】by 在这里表“在。旁边”“在。附近”5. Smartphones Huawei are getting more and more popular around the world.A. made by B. making in C.to make byD. makes in【答案】A【解析】made by。By常用于被动语态中，表示“由，被”6.You have to get home 10 oclock. A. with B.in C. on D.by【答案】D【解析】by 表示“到。 为止”7. _ did you achi

19、eve your dream?By working hard，of course.AWhenBWhyCHowDWhat【答案】C【解析】句意：-你怎样实现你的梦想？-当然通过努力工作。A. When什么时间；答语应该是表示时间的词或短语； B. Why 为什么；答语常用because来回答； C. How怎样，答语用by，或其他表示方式的介词短语来回答； D. Where哪里。答语是表示地点的词或介词短语。这里答语是用介词by“通过”，是表示方式的介词短语。故选C。要点4 except except prep. 意为“除之外”，其后跟名词、代词、介词短语、that从句或what从句。 例如：

20、I go to school every day except Saturday and Sunday. 除了周六和周日，我每天都上学。 【拓展】besides; except; except for和but的辨析： 这四个短语都有“除之外”的意思，但具体用法不同： besides “除之外（还有）”指在整体中加入一部分，表示一种累加关系，有“加上”之意。 except “除之外（没有）”着重强调在同类人或物中除去一个或几个人或物。表示一种排除关 系。有“减除”之意。 but 和except的用法基本相同。但着重强调整句的内容，且习惯上用于every；all; any; nothing; wh

21、o等词后。 except for “除之外”，表示整体不错，但对局部有一些否定，起部分修正作用。 例如： We are all here except/but Tom. 除了Tom外，我们都到齐了。（不包括Tom） She could do nothing but cry. 除了哭，她没有别的办法。 Besides milk, we need vegetables. 除了牛奶，我们还需要蔬菜。(牛奶包括在内) He is a good man except for hot temper. 他是个好人，除了脾气暴躁。【典例分析】1.The suit fitted him wellthe colo

22、ur was a little brighter.A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides【答案】B【解析】except that后面接从句。2.Jane was quite alone in the worldan aunt in Brazil.A. except B. except for C. besides D. instead of【答案】C【解析】本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，

23、所以排除。句意：除了在巴西的一位姑妈外，简在这个世界上相当孤独。3. We go to school every day _ Saturday and Sunday.A. besideB. besidesC. exceptD. except for【答案】C【解析】句意：除了星期六和星期日，我们每天都上学。本句子是考查besides和except的用法，besides表示“包含在内”；except表示“不包含在内”。except for 是指主体的细节除外，和主体不是同类，所以排除。结合句意可知，这里是不包括星期六和星期天的。故选C。4.All the students went to the

24、 park yesterday _ Eric. He had to look after his sister at home.A. betweenB. exceptC. besideD. with【答案】B【解析】句意：昨天所有的学生都去公园了，除了Eric.，他必须在家照顾他妹妹。A. between在两者之间；B. except除了（不包含在内）；C. beside除了（包括在内，还有）；D. with和；根据He had to look after his sister at home.可知Eric.没去，其他人都去了；故选B5.Everyone is here _ Tom. A. e

25、xcept B. except for C. besides D. beside【答案】A【解析】 except后接的词同整体词（主语）一般是同类,指在同类的整体中除去一个部分；except for后接的词同句子中的整体词（主语）同类的,指从整体中除去一个细节,一个方面。 besides意为“除之外（还有）”，表示除去的部分包括在内。除了Tom 外大家都到了。6.besides, except, except for和but 填空1）He has nobody _ himself to blame for that. 2）They all went to the Summer Palace _

26、 one. 3）Your essay is well written _ one or two minor grammatical mistakes. 4）_ his wife, his daughter also went to see him.5）Smith is a good man,_ his good manners.【答案】1.but 2.except 3.except for 4.Besides 5.besides 要点5 give upgive up意为“放弃”，give up doing sth.意为“放弃做某事”，give up后若跟动词，只能跟动名词。【典例分析】1Son

27、g Joongki is a movie star in Asia now.Thats true. He was once an excellent skater but had to _ skating because of an accident.A. give upB. set up C. take up D. put up 【答案】A 【解析】考查短语辨异。A. give up放弃B. set up建起 C. take up 从事，开始做某事 D. put up 建起，搭建，举起。句意：宋中基现在是亚洲的电影明星。-那是真的。他曾经是一名优秀的滑冰运动员，但由于一次事故而不得不放弃滑冰

28、。根据题意选择A。 2. Andrea Bo will never_, which makes him a successful singer. A. takes awayB. gives away C. gets up D. gives up【答案】D 【解析】give up 放弃。Give away 捐赠。 Get up 起床。3 Its too hard for me to be a trail walker. Never_. Believe in yourself! A. put up B. give up C. hurry up D. look up【答案】B 【解析】 A. put

29、 up举起。张贴。建起。 B. give up 放弃 C. hurry up赶快， D. look up查阅。B符合题意。4. In the song I Bet My Life, the US rock band Imagine Dragon tells people never to _ catching their dreams.A. give up B. give out C. give in D. give off【答案】A. 【解析】give up 放弃。 B. give out分发 C. give in 屈服 D. give off发出。5.我弟弟已经决定放弃跳舞。My brot

30、her has decided to _ _ _. 【答案】give up dancing。要点6 be full ofbe full of 意为“充满的”，侧重指状态。例如：The room is full of young people. = The room is filled with young people.房间里全是年轻人。 【拓展】be filled with意为“装满；充满”，和be full of 同义，但是更侧重动作。其主动形式为：fill with，意为“把装满”。例如：Everythingisfilledwithnewlife. 万物充满了生气。He filled t

31、he glass with water. 他把杯子装满了水。【典例分析】1.The box is too heavy to carry. Whats in it? Oh, it is _books. A. filled with B. covered with C. used for D. asked for【答案】A. be filled with 充满。Be covered with 被覆盖。Be used for 被用来。 be asked for 被。要求。2.It is raining hard. The pool _ water. A.is filled of B. is full

32、 with C. is filled with D. is fulled of【答案】C . be full of 和be filled with 都是固定搭配。3.The journey was _ interesting experiences.A. full ofB. afraid ofC. careful ofD. made of【答案】A句意：旅途充满了有趣的经历。考查形容词短语意思。A项意为“充满”，B项意为“害怕”，C项意为“小心”，D项意为“由制成”。结合句意可知选A。4.If you read a lot, your life will be full pleasure.A.

33、 by B. of C. for D. with【答案】B【解析】句意：如果你读了很多书，你的生活将充满乐趣。be full of充满，故选B。5.正如习总书记所说：“只要我们撸起袖子加油干，中国梦就一定会实现”As president Xi says ,“If we are _ energies to do everything ,China Dream is sure to come true .”【答案】full of /filled with要点 7 empty empty (adj.)空的；空闲的(v.) 排空；倒出1.作形容词，常用表语或定语，此时其反义词是full。例句：He t

34、ook his empty coffee cup back to the counter. 他把空咖啡杯送回到柜台。 We walked in the empty street. 我们走在空旷的街上。2.作动词，后常接宾语，此时其反义词是fill。例句：He emptied his tool bag. 他腾出自己的工具袋。 She emptied the box. 她倒空了箱子。【典例分析】1.Can you help me _ the box and I want to use it to carry my clothes?A empty B emptied C emptying D emp

35、ties【答案】A【解析】句意：我想用这个箱子来装衣服，你能帮我把箱子里的东西倒出来吗？考查固定搭配。help sb.（to）do sth.帮助某人做某事，在动词help的后面用动词不定式作宾语，动词不定式的to可以省略，结合选项可知，A选项符合题意，故答案选A。2. Ben, the fridge is _ now. Its time to go to the supermarket.A. empty B. huge C. full D. fresh【答案】A【解析】冰箱是空的。该去超市买点东西。A. empty空的 B. huge巨大的 C. full满的D. fresh新鲜的要点8 hu

36、ge huge, big与large单词意思例句huge“巨大的；庞大的”，强调体积、数量超过一般标准。The sun looks like a huge ball.big“大的”，表示尺寸、体积等，通常只能用来修饰有形的东西，而不能用于抽象的事物。She has nice big eyes.large“大的；巨大的”，多指面积和范围广 Russia is the largest country in the world.Its really like a huge fan. 它确实像一把巨大的扇子。The sun looks like a big ball of fire. 太阳看起来像个大

37、火球。China is a large and beautiful country. 中国是一个幅员辽阔而美丽要点 9：understand【典例分析】 1 I need your help and your _ (understand).【解析】1.understanding 名词“明白。理解”2.It is important to make others _(understand) you when you speak a foreign language. 【解析】understand句意：当你说一门外语的时候，让别人明白你说的话是很重要的3.He _ me just now. Its

38、 not my fault(错误) 【解析】misunderstood 误解。要点 10：difference【典例分析】 1.What is the _ between American food and Chinese food? (difference).【解析】difference 不同。名词。2.The two boys are _ in their tastes. (difference).【解析】different 不同的，形容词3.They are twins, but they look _ (difference).【解析】different 不同的。系表结构。要点 11s

39、tupidstupid的意思是“愚蠢的、笨的”，指智力差，觉察理解力、学习能力等差。它有时可与foolish或silly通用，但其意味最强。例如：How stupid of him to overlook such an obvious mistake!如此明显的错误他居然都没有看出来，多么愚蠢呀！They were stupid not to follow your advice.他们不听你的劝告真傻。【拓展】foolish和silly：(1) foolish 的意思是“愚蠢的、傻的”，指显得缺乏判断力或普通常识的人或言行等。例如：How foolish of you to consent！

40、你竟会同意，多么愚蠢啊！Dont be so foolish. 别那么傻。He is a foolish man to throw away such a chance. 他放弃这样的机会真是个傻瓜。(2)silly的意思是“愚蠢的、傻的”，表示愚蠢到了极点，以致令人发笑或轻视，它还常常表示没有意思、无聊等意义。例如：I could not conceive that he would do such a silly thing.我不能想象他竟会干这种傻事。That is a silly story. 那是一个无聊的故事。 【典例分析】 1.I made a stupid mistake. (

41、选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. wrong B. clever C. silly 【解析】stupid 笨的，傻的。Foolish silly 是近义词。要点12 celebratecelebrate的用法 （1）作为动词，意为“庆祝”，后常接birthday【生日】,festival【节日】,success【成功】等词汇。 Lets celebrate the New Year by having a big party. 让我们举办一个盛大的聚会来迎接新年吧。（2）其名词为celebration,意为“庆祝（活动）；庆典等”。 The foreign friends enjoyed

42、the celebration during the Spring Festival.这些外国朋友们非常喜欢春节期间的庆祝活动。【典例分析】1.What are they doing? They are (庆祝) Christmas. 【答案】celebrating 2. Emma got the first prize in the competition! Lets have a party to _.A, encourage B. celebrate C. understand D. develop.【答案】B【解析】 句意：Emma 在比赛得了一等奖，我们开个聚会来庆祝一下吧！要点 1

43、3 a few（高频考题）a few 意为“几个；少许” 相当于several，只修饰可数名词复数，表肯定含义。例如：He has a few friends. 他有几个朋友。(1) few 意为“少数的；很少的”，只修饰可数名词，表否定含义。例如：I can see few birds in the tree. 我几乎看不到树上有鸟。(2) little 意为“很少；一点儿”，用于 “量；额；价值”等概念，修饰不可数名词，表否定含义。little还表示“小的”之意。例如：There is little milk in the cup. 杯子里没有牛奶了。A little boy is com

44、ing. 一个小男孩过来了。(3) a little 意为“有点儿；少量” 修饰不可数名词， 表示肯定含义。例如：He has a little money with him. 他随身带了点儿钱。a little也可以用作副词，修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语，表示“有点，稍稍”。例如：He is a little tired. 他有点累了。You should walk a little faster. 你应该走快一点。She was only a little over fifty years old.她才五十多一点。(4) 相关短语：quite a few = not a few 相当

45、多的quite a little许多only a little = but a little 相当少辨析：a few & few & a little & littlea few“一些；几个”，修饰可数名词复数，表示肯定意义。There are a few apples in the box.盒子里有几个苹果。There are few apples in the box. 盒子里没几个苹果。few“几个；很少”，修饰可数名词复数，表示否定意义。a little“一点；一些”，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义。There is a little water in the glass.杯子里有一些水

46、。There is little water in the glass.杯子里几乎没有水。little“一点；很少”，修饰不可数名词，表示否定意义。【典例分析】一、选用few a few little a little 填空1. Please hurry up. There is _ time left.【答案】little。句意：请快点。剩下的时间不多了。Time 不可数名词。little 表示：几乎没有。little符合题意。2. Please dont worry. There is still _ time left.【答案】a little 句意：请不要担心。还有一点时间。a lit

47、tle表示：有一点。3. The box is very heavy. And _of us can lift it.【答案】few 句意：这个箱子很重。很少有人能举起它。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。4. There is _ink in my pen, Please give me_.【答案】little a little 句意：我的钢笔里没有墨水，请给我一点。5. Simon makes _ friends in his class because he is very selfish and dishonest.【答案】few 句意：西蒙在班上很少交朋友，因为他非常自私和不诚实。fe

48、w 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。6.There is _food in the cupboard. I must go and get some.【答案】little 句意：碗橱里几乎没有食物。我得去拿点。Little 几乎没有。符合题意。7.The question is difficult and _ students can answer it.【答案】few 句意：这个问题很难，几乎没有学生能回答。few 几乎没有，修饰可数名词。8.The question is difficult but _ students can answer it.【答案】a few 句意：这个问题很难，但有几个

49、学生能回答。A few 有几个。9.You should walk _faster. 【答案】a little. a little也可以用作副词，修饰形容词、副词、动词以及介词短语.其它几个词都没有这种用法。10 There are a lot of new books, but_ of them are easy to read.【答案】few 。有很多新书，但是没几本容易读懂。二、单项选择11. Mike did very well in this math exam and he made _ mistakes in it.A. little B. few C. a little D.

50、a few【答案】B句意：马克在数学考试中做得很好，他很少犯错误。A. little很少；修饰不可数名词；表示否定意义；B. few很少；修饰可数名词的复数，表示否定意义；C. a little一些，修饰不可数名词，表示肯定意义；D. a few一些，修饰可数名词 的复数，表示肯定意义。这里mistakes是可数名词的复数，这里表示否定意义，根据题意，故选B。12. Hurry up! The movie is beginning.Dont worry. There is still _ time leftA. littleB. a littleC. a fewD. few【答案】B句意：快点

51、！这部电影快开始了。不要担心。仍然有一点儿时间剩下。little几乎没有，修饰不可数名词；a little一点，修饰不可数名词；a few一些，修饰可数名词；few几乎没有，修饰可数名词。根据Dont worry.可知不要担心，还有一些时间，修饰不可数名词time，故用a little。故选B。13.Is your friend Michael still in Australia?I dont know. I have _ information about him because we havent seen each other for _ years. Aa little；a few

52、Blittle；a few Ca few；a little Dfew；a little【答案】B【解析】此题用题眼法和正确把握语境法解答。题眼information是不可数名词，years是可数名词，排除C和D两项；又根据句意“你的朋友Michael还在澳大利亚吗？”“我不知道，对于他我了解的信息很少，因为我们几年没见面了。”可知第一个空表示否定概念，应用little修饰；第二个空表示肯定的概念应用a few修饰。故选B。14.The man has _ friends in this city，so he often stays at home.A. a few B. few C. litt

53、le D. a little【答案】B【解析】此题用题眼法和正确把握语境法解答。根据题眼可数名词friends可排除C和D两项；又根据后半句句意“因此他经常呆在家里”可推断出：这个男人在这个城市中几乎没有朋友。故选B。要点 14：secret【典例分析】 1.I didnt want anyone to know about it, it was my _. (secret).【解析】1.secret 秘密 名词。句意：我不想任何人知道这件事，这是我的秘密。2.He wore a hidden microphone to _ tape-record conversations. (secret

54、).【解析】Secret秘密的。形容词。句意：他身上藏了一个传声器，打算偷偷录下谈话内容。3.They came into the city _ (secret).【解析】Secretly 秘密地。修饰动词用副词。要点 13：enterenter v. 进来；进去The Greek army entered the city. 希腊军队进城了。【单词解析】enter相当于：to come or go into。既可作及物动词，也可用作不及物动词。Someone entered the room behind me. 有人跟着我进了房间。Knock before you enter. 进来前先敲

55、门。【注意】enter表示“进来；进入”，后面不能加into。【典例分析】 1.They entered the city quietly. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. came out of B. arrived C . went into 【解析】 C enter 进入=go into2.They entered for the basketball game. (选出可以替换画线部分的最佳选项)A. came out of B. arrived C. took part in 【解析】C enter for 报名参加。3. The cat entered _ the hous

56、e through a kitchen window.A. in B. to C. at D. /【答案】D【解析】enter 进入=go into 不用介词。要点 14：punish【典例分析】 1.I will _ you if you do that again.（punish）【解析】1.punish 惩罚，处罚。动词。句意：如果你再做那事，我将惩罚你。2.I have no doubt that the man is guilty and that he deserves _.（punish）【解析】punishment 名词。句意：我毫不怀疑此人是罪有应得。要点15 in the

57、endfinally, at last, in the endfinally表示某一动作的顺序是在最后，无感情色彩，用于过去时，它在句中的位置以在句首时为多at last往往表示经过一番努力或曲折的过程，常常带有较浓厚的感情色彩，也可用来表示：等候或耽误了很多时间之后才.语气比较强烈。in the end表示经过许多变化、困难或捉摸不定的情况后，某时才发生，有时可与finally互相换用【典例分析】完成句子1.最后，后他们完成了这项工作_ they finished the work.【答案】Finally2.最后，工作完成了，他可以休息了。_ _the work was done and h

58、e could rest. 【答案】At last3.他尝试了很多次，最后成功了He tried several times, and _ _ _ he succeeded.【答案】In the end4. In the end we found his sister behind the door.（改为同义句） _ _ we found his sister behind the door.【答案】At last 句意：最后我们在门后找到了他的妹妹。根据同义词短语：in the end最终，最后；强调时间顺序上的最后，相当于at last 或finally.5. We usually ha

59、ve a final exam _ June every year. A. in the end ofB. at the end ofC. by the end ofD. to the end of【答案】B句意：我们通常在每一年的六月底又一次期末考试。考查易混短语辨析。根据：in the end：最终，最后；强调时间顺序上的最后，强调结果一般不与of连用。at the end：在的末端；在的后期；既指某一段时间的后期，也指某一地点的末端。一般与of连用。by the end：到末时为止；强调时间概念，一般也与of连用。故选B。要点 16look around “环顾四周,随便看看，到处看看，

60、考虑” look after sb/ sth. “照顾（某人/某物），照料（某人/某物），关心（某人/某物）” look at sb. “看(某人)，注视(某人)”。 look for sth. “寻找（某物/某事）”。 look forward to “期待，盼望”。 look into sth. “调查(某事)，研究(某事)，了解(某事)”。 look like sb. “看起来像（某人）”。 look out of sth. “向(某物之)外看” look out “向外看，注意，当心，小心”。 look up sth in .“查阅在中，查找”。【典例分析】1.My grandmoth

61、er enjoys newspapers after dinner every day, and she often tells me something new in the world.A. looking upB. looking for C. looking atD. looking through【答案】D【解析】考查短语辨析。句意:我的奶奶每天喜欢饭后读报,并且她经常给我讲世界上的新东西。look up“抬头看,查找”;look for“寻找”;look at“看”;look through“浏览,快速阅读”。故选D。2. Lily didnt come to school yes

62、terday because she had to _ her sick mother at home.A. look after B. look over C. look upD. look like【答案】A 【解析】莉莉昨天没来上学，因为她得在家照顾生病的母亲。A. look after 照顾 B. look over 仔细检查 C. look up查阅D. look like看起来像。3. Would you please _ the paper for me and see if there are any obvious mistakes? A. look around B. lo

63、ok into C. look forward to D. look through【答案】D 【解析】A.look around环视 B. look into 调查 C. look forward to期待 D. look through 浏览。故D符合题意。4.I dont know the new word.It doesnt matter, you can _ in the dictionary.Alook up it Blook it up Clook for it【答案】B【解析】句意：我不认识这个生词，没关系，你可以在字典里查一下它。考查动词短语的辨析。look for的意思是“

64、寻找”；look up的意思是“查字典”，跟代词时应该放在look与up的中间，因此，答案为B项。5.Whats the meaning of “One Belt and One Road”?Let me _ the words in the new dictionary.A. look at B. look for C. look after D. look up【答案】D 【解析】用短语辨析法解题。look at 看；look for 寻找；look after 照顾；look up 查找。结合句意可知，“在词典中查找单词”。6.When you dont know a word，you

65、can_ in the dictionaryA. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up【答案】A【解析】考查固定短语。 A. look it up查单词；B. set it up 建立；C. give it up放弃；D. pick it up 拾起；句意：当你不知道这个单词的意思时，请查个字典，故选A项。7. My mother is ill in hospital. I have to _ my grandparents at home.Alook for Blook at Clook up Dlook after【答案】D

66、【解析】Alook for 寻找 Blook at看 Clook up 查阅 Dlook after照顾。根据句意选D。8. Here is the book. First _ it and then tell me what you think of it.A. look intoB. look throughC. look upD. look after【答案】B 【解析】look into观察，窥视；look through浏览，温习；look up向上看，查阅；look after照顾，关心。句意：书在这里。先浏览一遍，然后告诉我你觉得怎么样。结合语境可知选B。要点 12have be

67、en in/ at sp. + （时间段） “某人在某地” 区别：. have gone to sp. 、have been to sp.、 have been in/ at sp have gone to sp. “某人现在去了某地 (人未回) ” have been to sp. + (次数) “某人曾经去过某地 (几次) (人已回)” have been in/ at sp. + （时间段） “某人在某地(多长时间了) (人还在)”【典例分析】1. Mr. Wang the city of Nanjing for three daysAhas gone toBhas gone inCha

68、s been inDhas been to【答案】C【解析】for three days是现在完成时态常用的时间状语，其结构是主语+have/has doen，四个选项都是现在完成时态根据题干可知王先生在南京这座城市待了3天，have been to表示曾经过去某地，现在已经回来，与题意不符，直接排除其次在现在完成时态中，如与表示一段的时间状语连用时，谓语应用延续性动词，gone是go的过去分词，短暂性动词，其对应的延续性动词是be in故选：C2.Where is Mark？He_ to the Disneyland with his childrenAgoesBwentChas goneD

69、has been【答案】C【解析】goes是一般现在时，went是一般过去时，has gone和has been是现在完成时，has gone意思是到某地去了，has been意思是去过某地根据句意马克在哪里？他和他的孩子去迪斯尼乐园了和语法可知，要用现在完成时，选项D语意不通故选：C3. Dad _ to Sanya on business I miss him very muchAgoesBis goingCwill goDhas gone【答案】D【解析】goes是一般现在时，is going是现在进行时，will go是一般将来时，has gone是现在完成时根据后句句意我非常想念他和

70、语法可知，前句为爸爸去三亚出差了，要用现在完成时故选：D4. The Great Wall is a place of interest All of us there beforeAhas beenBhave beenChas goneDhave gone【答案】B【解析】have been表示去过某地又回来了，have gone表示去了某地还没回来，根据before可知应该是去过，现在已经回来，主语是复数形式，用have故选：B5Daniel with his cousins the shopping mall to buy drinksOh， thats why I cant find

71、them nowAhave gone toBhave been toChas gone toDhas been to【答案】C【解析】have been表示去过某地又回来了，have gone表示去了某地还没回来，从thats why I cant find them now，用have gone主语是Daniel，用has故选：C6.Will your cousin go to Guiyang for the summer holiday？In fact， he _ Guiyang since he graduatedAhas gone toBhas been toChas been inD

72、went to【答案】C【解析】考查动词的时态has gone to去了某地还没回；has been to去了某地已返回；has been in在某地；went to去，动词的过去式根据since he graduated可知是现在完成时，排除D选项；根据Guiyang可知表达自从毕业他就在贵阳用has been in故选：CA 现在完成时中的since和for 现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间状语连用。1 .for+时间段。表示“有（多长）一段时间了”。如： I have studied English for five

73、years. 我学英语已有五年了。2 since+时间点。表示“自从以来”。 (1) since+过去一个时间点。如： I have lived here since 2003. 我自从2003年以来就一直住这儿。 (2) since+时间段+ago。如： She has stayed in Guangzhou since three months ago. 她自三个月前就一直待在广州。 (3) since+从句（一般过去时）。如： Mr Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city. 自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂

74、工作。 (4) It is+时间段+since+从句（一般过去时）。如： It is 13 years since I began to live here. 我住这儿已有13年了。注意：因为for, since引导的时间状语都表示持续的一段时间，所以必须和持续性动词连用，不可与短暂性动词连用。如： 我哥哥的自行车买了有两年了。 错误表达：My brother has bought this bike for two years. （buy是短暂性动词） 正确表达：My brother has had this bike for two years. （have是持续性动词） 常见的短暂性动词

75、和与之对应的持续性表达： (1) have arrived at / in, have got to / reached, have come / gone / moved to have been in / at / to (2) have come / gone back / returned have been back (3) have come / gone out have been out (4) have become have been （5）have joined / taken part in have been a member of / have been in (6

76、) have died have been dead (7) have left have been away from(8) have finished / ended / completed have been over (9) have started / begun to do sth. have done sth. (10) have borrowed / bought have kept / had B 现在完成时与一般过去时 一般过去时和现在完成时所表示的动作都发生在过去，但要注意以下区别：1.现在完成时强调过去发生的动作对现在的影响或过去开始发生 一直持续到现在的动作。与特征词

77、since, for, already, yet, ever, never, so far, up to now等连用。如： Would you like to see the film with me? 你想和我一起去看这部电影吗？ No. Ive seen it twice. 不了，我已看了两遍了。（过去已看过，所以现在不想看了）2.一般过去时强调动作在过去发生，与现在无关。与具体的表示过去时间的状语（如：yesterday, last night）连用。如： I saw the film last night. 我昨晚看了那部电影。（仅是对过去事情的陈述）【典例分析】1.I have b

78、een in China _ 1997. A. since B. for C. in D. until 【解析】A 【答案】现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间状语连用。since+时间点。表示“自从以来”。(1) since+过去一个时间点。如；第一题：答案选A （ 2) since+从句（一般过去时）如：Mr. Wang has worked in the factory since he came to the city.自从到这个城市以来，王先生一直在这家工厂工作。2. I have studied English _

79、five years.A. since B. for C. in D. until 【解析】 B【答案】现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的、持续到现在的动作或状态，常与for, since引导的时间状语连用。for+时间段。表示“有（多长）一段时间了”3. I _ my home town for a long time. I really miss it. A. went away from B. have been away from C. have left D. have gone away【答案】B【解析】因为for, since引导的时间状语都表示持续的一段时间，所以必须和

80、持续性动词连用，不可与短暂性动词连用。如：我哥哥的自行车买了有两年了。 错误表达：My brother has bought this bike for two years. （buy是短暂性动词） 正确表达：My brother has had this bike for two years. （have是持续性动词）4.Have you ever _ an amusement park?Yes, I have. I _ Fun Times Amusement Park last year.A. been to; have gone to B. gone to; have been to C

81、. go to; went to D. been to; went to【答案】D【解析】have been to 去过某地。（已回，在说话的地方） C. have gone to去了某地（不在说话的地方）现在完成时表示“过去的动作对现在的结果或影响。”动作虽然发生在过去但是与现在有关联，强调的是现在的结果或影响，它的落点在说现在的事情。而一般过去式只“单纯提及曾经发生过某事”与现在无联系。因此现在完成时态不可以与具体的过去时间状语连用。如：yesterday 3 days ago last week等，本句：第一空用;have been to 第二空用一般过去式，last year不可以与现

82、在完成时连用。二、选用for和since填空。1Jim has been in America _ Monday.2Jill has been in America _ three days.3His aunt has lived in Australia _ 15 days.4Mary is in her office. She has been there _ 7 oclock.5India has been an independent country _ 19746The bus is late. Theyve been waiting _ 20 minutes.7Nobody liv

83、es in those houses. They have been empty _ many years.【答案】注意：for 接时间段，而since 接时间点或从句。1.since 2.for 3.for 4. Since 5.since 6.for 7.for三、翻译句子1.她自三个月前就一直待在广州。【答案】She has stayed in Guangzhou since three months ago. 2.我学英语已有五年了。 【答案】I have studied English for five years. 3.我哥哥的自行车买了有两年了。【答案】My brother ha

84、s had this bike for two years.4.你想和我一起去看这部电影吗？不了，我已看了两遍了。【答案】 Would you like to see the film with me? No. Ive seen it twice. 5.我昨晚看了那部电影。【答案】I saw the film last night. 6. 他到上海已经三天了。【答案】He has been in Shanghai for 3 days.7. 布莱克先生已经死了三年了。【答案】Mr. Black has been dead for 3 years.8.他借这本书3个月了。【答案】He has kept the book for 3 months.9.你刚才去了哪儿了？我去了教师办公室。【答案】Where have you been? I have been to the teachers office.10.他去了武汉，要在那儿呆一周。【答案】He has gone to Wuhan and will stay there for a week.