【2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷】第二模拟（江苏卷）- 2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷（解析版）.docx

1、2024年高考英语一轮复习模拟卷第二模拟（江苏专用）注意事项: 1. 答题前, 考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚, 将条形码准确粘贴在考生信息条形码粘贴区。2. 选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂; 非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写, 字体工整、笔迹清楚。3. 请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答, 超出答题区域书写的答案无效; 在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。4. 作图可先使用铅笔画出, 确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。5. 保持卡面清洁, 不要折叠, 不要弄破、弄皱, 不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满

2、分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1（2023浙江校联考模拟预测）Where does the conversation probably take place?AAt a ticket office.BIn a restaurant.COn a train.【答案】C【原文】W: Excuse me, sir. May I see your ticket, please?M: Just a moment. Oh, no. I cant find

3、my wallet. I must have left it in the dining car.W: Youd better go to that carriage and ask the conductor for help.2（2023浙江校联考模拟预测）What are the speakers mainly talking about?AWhat to eat.BHow to cook.CWho to invite for dinner.【答案】A【原文】W: Lets get something to eat. Im starved.M: I dont feel like cook

4、ing. Lets order takeout. Pasta or noodles?W: The first one. I have to say I had noodles with Mark yesterday.3（2023秋湖北武汉高三统考阶段练习）How does Barbara sound?AContent.BWorried.CConfused.【答案】B【原文】M: Hey Barbara, why are you unhappy? I heard that you have been promoted. Congratulations!W: Oh, I hate having t

5、o leave here and working abroad. You know, my parents have only one child. It is hard to imagine how lonely they would be if I work abroad.4（2023春河南高三校联考阶段练习）What does the woman intend to do?AGo to the 11th Street.BTake a bus to Jacksonville.CPut up a sign at the bus stop.【答案】B【原文】W: Im sorry to bot

6、her you, but I cant read the sign at this bus stop. Do you know if the bus to Jacksonville stops here?M: Oh, sorry, it doesnt. You have to take the No.11 bus across the street.5（2023重庆西南大学附中校考三模）How much will the woman pay for the glasses?A$90.B$150.C$240.【答案】B【原文】M: Good morning, madam. What can I

7、do for you?W: Id like these glasses. How much are they?M: Theyre $20 a piece. If you buy a dozen, you can save $90.W: OK. Ill take a dozen.第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话或独白后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。（2023重庆西南大学附中校考三模）听第6段材料，回答第6、7题

8、。6What has the man been doing recently?AMaking TV shows.BActing in a film.CTraining dogs.7What does the man think is mainly needed in his job?APatience.BSkills.CTalents.【答案】6C 7A【原文】M:Hi, Linda.W:Oh, hi, John. Havent seen you for a few days. What are you doing these days?M:Well,Im doing a very inter

9、esting job. I began to train dogs. My dogs are really actors, you know, the dogs you see in movies and TV shows.W:Cool!How do you do it?M:The dogs have to learn signals for certain basic skills, like sit, stop, and lie down. After that, you teach them the tricky things.W:Thats really fantastic! But

10、how do you make them learn things?M:Well, you mainly need patience. You repeat and repeat the commands. And they get a reward every time they get it right.W:Maybe I should consider training my own dog to do these tricks as well. It must be a lot of fun.（2023江苏南京南京市第一中学校考模拟预测）听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8What is

11、the woman going to do?AHave a class.BAttend a meeting.CTake an exam.9What is the woman interested in?ABiochemistry.BHistory.CMedicine.【答案】8B 9C【原文】W: Excuse me. Would you be able to tell me where the Emily Parker Hall is? Im looking for the building where theyre holding the course information confer

12、ence.M: Sure! You can follow me. What do you want to study?W: Well, if I get high enough grades on my school exams, Im hoping to be accepted into the medical school. But if I dont make it into medicine, Ill probably do medical science. What about you?M: Oh, Im interested in history and biochemistry.

13、 But Im not sure yet.（2023江苏泰州统考模拟预测）听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10What might Mr.Wells be?AAn athlete.BA business owner.CAn advertising expert.11What do we know about the product?AIt is from family business.BIts main buyers are runners.CIt is designed to be used by a team.12According to the woman, what does Mr

14、. Wells need most?AThe budget of the advertising.BThe name of the chosen person.CThe artwork of the advertisement.【答案】10B 11A 12C【原文】W: What Mr. Wells is looking for is a face for his brand, someone who has a large social media presence.M: What about a professional athlete? Maybe not a football star

15、, but someone young and healthy?W: Well, youre the advertising expert. What sport would you suggest?M: A runner maybe,or tennis. Not a team sport. This product is designed to be used alone.W: Yes, but it needs to be someone nice. This is a family business. Our main buyers are mothers. M: Well, what

16、we can do is draw up a list of names in your budget to take back to Mr. Wells.W: Money is no object. What I would like to see is some artwork.M: The advertisement might depend on the person you choose.W: Well, create one advertisement for each person you have in mind. Mr. Wells wont care who it is.

17、Hell want to see something real. M: OK, Ill have our designer draw something up.（2023浙江模拟预测）听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13What day is it today ?AFriday.BSaturday.CSunday.14What does Claire think helped her get the letter from Harvard ?AFormig good learning habits.BAttending extra courses.CStaying up late to st

18、udy.15Why did Glaire choose Harvard University ?AHer aunt was studying there.BShe has won a scholarship to it.CShe wants to be Madelyns schoolmate.16What does Claire plan to do before September ?AVisit her aunt.BTravel abroad.CVisit some colleges.【答案】13C 14A 15C 16B【原文】M: Claire, I heard that you we

19、re admitted into Harvard University, right?W: Yes, I received the letter on Friday, the day before yesterday.M: Congratulations! You must have worked hard during your high school.W: Well, I always got As on my tests. I took three separate courses for four months for the SAT.M: What do you think is t

20、he most important during learning?W: In my opinion, its the learning habit that helped me earn the letter from Harvard. Believe it or not, I never burned the midnight oil.M: Why didnt you choose Princeton? I remember your aunt graduated from Princeton years ago.W: My best friend Madelyn joined Harva

21、rd last year, I really wanted to go there because of her, although Princeton offered me a scholarship.M: Oh, I got it. When will you go to Harvard?W: In September. Before that, Ill fly to China and other Asian countries. Ive been longing to taste food and meet people there. Ive decided to work part-

22、time to cover my expenses at college.（2023湖北校联考模拟预测）听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17What was Wandas childhood dream?ATo be a doctor.BTo be a physicist.CTo be an astronomer.18What happened to Wanda at university?AShe changed her major.BShe lost her sight entirely.CShe failed to get a degree.19Which best describe

23、s Wanda?AWarm-hearted.BDemanding.CDetermined.20Where does Wanda work now?AJapan.BItaly.CUSA【答案】17A 18B 19C 20B【原文】Wanda, who was born in Gurabo, Puerto Rico, is a great astronomer. She spent her childhood and teenage years fascinated by science and wanting to become a doctor, because that was the wa

24、y she thought she used science. Until one day at university, when a friend knocked her completely off course. This friend played her a recording of a sunburst. This inspired Wanda to study astronomy.Wanda started to lose her sight when she was a teenager. She lost her sight completely while studying

25、 for a degree in physics at the University of Puerto Rico. As her vision got worse, she was forced to make a decision: quit, or keep going. She chose to stick to her study. She repeated classes until she got her degree. It took her six years. Unable to study data the way she had in the past, she rea

26、lized visual scientific data could be translated into sound. She created a special software to change visual data into sound, so that they can be heard instead of being read. Because of this discovery, she can do research at the same advanced level as before losing her eyesight. Wanda currently work

27、s in Italy. She has previously worked as a researcher in Japan, South Africa and the USA.第二部分 阅读(共两节, 满分50分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。A（2023湖北武汉统考模拟预测）GET A BIRDS-EYE VIEW OF THE WORLDS MOST ATTRACTIVE FEATHERED ANIMALS WITH THESE BOOKSFlamingo (火烈鸟)Biologist and ph

28、otographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet lands and forests of his native Mexicoand beyondto feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their b

29、eauty. teNeues, 35. Around the World in 80 BirdsInspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans-Himalayan journey at an extreme a

30、ltitude. Mike Unwins tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake. Laurence King Publishing, 22.A World on the WingPulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, whos at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of natures most remarkable journeys. He sails through the st

31、ormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, 9.99.Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the BirdsExplore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapag

32、os: Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross (信天翁). This is their clever and amusing account. Bradt Guides, 11.99.21By whom

33、is the second costliest book illustrated?AClaudio Contreras Koob.BMike Unwin.CRyuto Miyake.DWeidensaul.22Which book best suits those concerned about the survival of migratory birds?AFlamingo.BAround the World in 80 Birds.CA World on the Wing.DGalapagos: Island of Birds.23What feature may Galapagos C

34、rusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds have?AIts humorous description.BIts romantic style.CIts vivid imagination.DIts moving plot.【答案】21C 22C 23A【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本与鸟类有关的书籍。21细节理解题。根据文章内容可知Flamingo售价35英镑；Around the World in 80 Birds售价22英镑；A World on the Wing售价9.9英镑；Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone wit

35、h the Birds售价11.99英镑。再根据Around the World in 80 Birds部分中“Mike Unwins tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake.(Mike Unwin的旅行伴随着Ryuto Miyake的美丽插图)”故第二贵的插图书是Ryuto Miyake写的。故选C。22细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, whos at the forefront of research into bird migration,

36、 here tracks some of natures most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story.(入围普利策奖的Weidensaul站在鸟类迁徙研究的最前沿，他在这里追踪了一些大自然最

37、非凡的旅程。他航行穿过狂风暴雨的白令海，在地中海遇到捕猎者，并拜访印度东北部的前猎头，那里的鸟类迁徙危机已成为保护鸟类的成功案例)”可知，A World on the Wing最适合那些关心候鸟生存的人。故选C。23细节理解题。根据Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds部分中“This is their clever and amusing account.(这是他们机智而有趣的叙述)”可知，Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds的特色是幽默的描述。故选A。B（2023江苏南通统考模拟预

38、测）Most 13-year-olds might have spent those three years preoccupied with schoolwork or hanging out with mates. One teenager, however, spent his nights sleeping in a tent to raise money for the hospice (临终安养院) that looked after his friend. Now, Max Woosey who became known as the Boy in the Tent during

39、 his years-long fundraising campaign has decided to go back indoors after three years and more than 700,000 in charitable donations.“I love camping, its one of my favourite things and Im definitely going to miss it,” he said. “I think the highlight would have to be the second camp out, because that

40、year was the hardest.”“The first year was quite nice but the second was colder and there were worse storms. It was really meaningful for me because all my friends and family were there.”He said that although the wind and rain proved to be tricky adversaries (对手), it was last summers heatwave that al

41、most forced him to return to the comforts of his bedroom. “Honestly, it was horrible, and when theres a heatwave your tent turns into a greenhouse. It was absolutely boiling,” he said.On the prospect of sleeping inside on a regular basis again, he said: “I think its going to be weird (怪异的) the first

42、 few nights but I think it is time to come inside now. There are future adventures we are hoping can become possible. It is going to be strange but Im just going to have to get over it.”Speaking to ITVs Good Morning Britain, he said: “My friend Rick was absolutely amazing. He loved the outdoors, he

43、loved sports and we got along really well. The North Devon hospice just took brilliant care of him and I wanted to say thank you in the biggest way I could. So I started sleeping outside and I tried to raise as much money as I could for them.”Donations will go to North Devon hospice. Stephen Roberts

44、, its chief executive, told the ITV: “The funds he raised for North Devon hospice in this time will make a real difference to the patients and families we support.”24What has Max been engaged in for three years?ADoing charity camping.BHanging out with friends.CFinishing his homework.DLooking after h

45、is friend.25What was the biggest challenge for Max while he camped out?ATerrible storms.BExtreme heat.CFreezing weather.DDesperate loneliness.26What is Maxs attitude to future adventures?AWorried.BDoubtful.CUnclear.DExpectant.27Why did Max raise money for North Devon hospice?ATo pay the medical bill

46、 of his friend.BTo appreciate its loving care for his friend.CTo improve the welfare of its medical staff.DTo update its medical equipment and service.【答案】24A 25B 26D 27B【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述13岁少年Max Woosey通过在野外露营来进行慈善筹款的故事。24细节理解题。根据第一段的“Now, Max Woosey who became known as the Boy in the Tent during h

47、is years-long fundraising campaign has decided to go back indoors after three years and more than 700,000 in charitable donations.(现在，Max Woosey在长达数年的筹款活动中被称为“帐篷里的男孩”在三年的慈善捐款超过70万英镑后，决定回到室内)”可知，Max用了3年的时间做慈善露营。故选A。25细节理解题。根据第四段的“it was last summers heatwave that almost forced him to return to the co

48、mforts of his bedroom. “Honestly, it was horrible, and when theres a heatwave your tent turns into a greenhouse. It was absolutely boiling,” he said.(去年夏天的热浪几乎迫使他回到舒适的卧室。“老实说，这太可怕了，当有热浪时，你的帐篷就变成了温室。简直沸腾了，”他说)”可知，对于Max来说去年最大的挑战是极端高温。故选B。26推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“There are future adventures we are hoping can b

49、ecome possible. It is going to be strange but Im just going to have to get over it.(我们希望未来可以冒险。这会很奇怪，但我必须克服它)”推知，Max对未来的冒险是非常期待的。故选D。27细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的“The North Devon hospice just took brilliant care of him and I wanted to say thank you in the biggest way I could. So I started sleeping outside and I

50、tried to raise as much money as I could for them.(北德文郡的临终关怀院对他进行了出色的照顾，我想尽我所能对你说声谢谢。所以我开始睡在外面，我试着为他们筹集尽可能多的钱)”可知，Max为北德文郡的临终关怀院筹款是为了感激他们对他的朋友Rick的照顾。故选B。C（2023广东惠州高三统考）The Roman Colosseum was built almost two thousand years ago. Despite its age and a 14th century earthquake that knocked down the sou

51、th side, most of the 150-some foot building is still standing. Scientists and engineers have long suspected a key to the buildings durability (使用年限) is the use of a specific Roman concrete. But exactly how this solid concrete has contributed to the architectures strength has been a mystery to resear

52、chers across the globe.A team of researchers recently discovered a potential answer to why these ancient Roman buildings have been able to weather the test of time while many modern concrete structures seem to fall apart after a few decades. The answer is self-healing concrete.The material has three

53、 components: limestone (石灰石), volcanic material and water. What the researchers found was that the self-healing feature might be simply caused by chemistry accidentally. The limestone in the concrete is likely the secret.When the ancient Romans made mortar (灰浆), they heated up the lime to turn it in

54、to a substance called “quicklime”. And, because they introduced water to the quicklime during mixing, the heat it produced set up a chemical foundation that could strengthen the concrete later. When tiny cracks start to form later, the quicklime stops them from becoming bigger. When it rains, the li

55、me reacts with the water to recombine as various forms of calcium carbonate (碳酸钙), quickly filling the crack or reacting with the volcanic ash to “heal” the material.For materials scientist Ainissa Ramirez, this new understanding of ancient Roman concrete is a welcome discovery. “This is one way tha

56、t the material can be more environmentally friendly,” says Ramirez. “Its sort of like a message in a bottle. The Romans made the material. We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials and then, you know, in turn, be better protectors of our environment.”28What ca

57、n we learn from Paragraph 1?AThe secret of Roman concrete has been revealed.BThe Roman Colosseum was built in the 14th century.CThe whole Roman Colosseum survived the earthquake.DRoman concrete is essential to the architectures strength.29What does the underlined word “weather” in Paragraph 2 mean?A

58、Take.BStand.CAvoid.DFail.30What do we know about the self-healing process?AThe lime itself could fill the crack later.BThe quicklime should be made on rainy days.CThe chemical foundation could weaken the concrete.DCombining water and quicklime would produce heat.31What can be inferred from Ramirezs

59、words?APeople can be inspired to make greener materials.BThe secret of Roman concrete is hidden in a bottle.CRoman concrete has greatly improved the environment.DRoman concrete is popular in making modern architecture.【答案】28D 29B 30D 31A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家一直很好奇古罗马的混凝土结构为何可以很好地提高建筑强度，最近研究人员发现了一个可能的

60、答案：这种混凝土具有自我修复的功能。28细节理解题。根据第一段中“But exactly how this solid concrete has contributed to the architectures strength has been a mystery to researchers across the globe.(但对于全球的研究人员来说，这种固体混凝土究竟是如何提高建筑强度的，一直是个谜)”可知，古罗马混凝土对建筑的强度至关重要。故选D项。29词句猜测题。根据第二段中“A team of researchers recently discovered a potential

61、 answer to why these ancient Roman buildings have been able to weather the test of time while many modern concrete structures seem to fall apart after a few decades.(一个团队的研究人员最近发现了一个可能的答案，为什么这些古罗马建筑能够weather时间的考验，而许多现代混凝土结构似乎在几十年后就会分崩离析)”可知，古罗马建筑和很快就会分崩离析的许多现代混凝土结构不同。由此推知，古罗马建筑可以很久不崩塌，经得住时间的考验。因此，划线

62、词weather意为“经受住”，与stand意思一致。故选B项。30细节理解题。根据第四段中“And, because they introduced water to the quicklime during mixing, the heat it produced set up a chemical foundation that could strengthen the concrete later.(而且，由于他们在搅拌过程中向生石灰中引入了水，它产生的热量建立了一种化学基础，可以在以后加强混凝土)”可知，混合水和生石灰会产生热量。故选D项。31推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ramirez

63、的话“The Romans made the material. We had to kind of figure out how they did it so that we can make better materials and then, you know, in turn, be better protectors of our environment.(罗马人制造了这种材料。我们必须弄清楚他们是如何做到的，这样我们才能制造出更好的材料，然后，你知道，反过来，更好地保护我们的环境)”可推知，我们可以从罗马人制作的这种混凝土材料中汲取灵感，去制作对环境友好的材料。故选A项。D（202

64、3福建省福州第一中学模拟）A growing body of research suggests that the gut microbiome (消化道菌群) could play a major role in a rising chronic disease that makes us physically weaker. The illness, which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), is characterized by intense fatigue, gastrointestinal (胃肠道的) iss

65、ues, muscle pain, and cognitive challenges such as headaches and difficulty concentrating, among other symptoms. It often follows a viral infection which can lead to a “disruption” in a balanced gut ecosystem. Actually, an increasing number of Americans have been the sufferers since the outbreak of

66、COVID-19.Two recent studies published in Cell Host &Microbe point to changes in the microbiome as a possible cause of CFS. Research groups at Columbia University and the Jackson Laboratory performed detailed analyses of the microbes in stool (粪便) samples from patients with CFS and compared them

67、to healthy controls.The two groups found similar bacteria species were less present in CFS patients compared to control patients. They focused on bacteria that produce butyrate, a fatty acid involved in regulating metabolism and the immune system. “Butyrate plays several roles in directing the bodys

68、 response to infections, while also protecting the barrier between the intestine (肠) and the circulatory system, regulating genetic changes in cells, and more,” says Brent Williams, lead author on the Columbia study. Williams and his colleagues extensively analyzed the role of butyrate in CFS patien

69、ts guts, even identifying a correlation between low levels of bacteria that produce this acid and more severe symptoms.Parallel findings from the Jackson Laboratory team suggest the bacteria that produce butyrate could be used to diagnose CFS. Previous research has identified microbiome issues in CF

70、S patients, but the new findings help clarify which microbes could be related to the illness.More research on butyrate-producing bacteria and other species identified in the studies is necessary to investigate these potential biomarkers of CFS, the authors say. If the findings are replicated, specif

71、ic gut bacteria could be used to diagnose the illness, which is currently identified based on symptoms alone.The findings additionally point toward possible treatments, such as probiotics or microbiome-focused diet adjustmentsthough patients who have been sick for long periods may require drugs that

72、 alleviate the damage done to their metabolism or immune system.32What do we know about CFS?AIt is caused by COVID-19 only.BIt is an illness with systemic symptoms.CIt breaks the balance of the gut ecosystem.DThe number of the infected is on the decrease.33How did the researcher carry out the recent

73、 studies?ABy controlling data.BBy identifying genes.CBy analyzing samples.DBy comparing symptoms.34Which of the following is NOT the significance of the recent researches?AButyrates multiple functions are promoted.BTargeted gut microbes may be used to diagnose CFS.CCertain microbes responsible for C

74、FS are narrowed down.DProbiotics supplement with drugs can be a treatment for CFS.35What is the text mainly about?AGut microbiome may be the key to CFS.BMicrobes help digest food and aid absorption.CMans gut is a rich, diverse tropical rainforest.DNew method for diagnosing CFS are provided.【答案】32B 3

75、3C 34A 35A【导语】这是一篇说明文。越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物群可能在越来越多的慢性疾病中发挥重要作用。文章介绍了研究开展的过程以及其研究发现的意义。32细节理解题。根据第一段“The illness, which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), is characterized by intense fatigue, gastrointestinal (胃肠道的) issues, muscle pain, and cognitive challenges such as headaches and diffic

76、ulty concentrating, among other symptoms.(这种疾病通常被称为慢性疲劳综合征（CFS），其特征是强烈的疲劳、胃肠道问题、肌肉疼痛和认知挑战，如头痛和注意力不集中等症状)”可知，慢性疲劳综合症是一种有全身性症状的疾病。故选B。33细节理解题。根据第二段“Research groups at Columbia University and the Jackson Laboratory performed detailed analyses of the microbes in stool (粪便) samples from patients with CFS

77、 and compared them to healthy controls.(哥伦比亚大学和杰克逊实验室的研究小组对慢性疲劳综合症患者粪便样本中的微生物进行了详细分析，并将其与健康对照进行了比较)”可知，研究人员通过分析样本进行的研究。故选C。34细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Parallel findings from the Jackson Laboratory team suggest the bacteria that produce butyrate could be used to diagnose CFS.(杰克逊实验室团队的类似发现表明，产生丁酸盐的细菌可以用来诊断慢性疲劳综合

78、症)”；倒数第二段“If the findings are replicated, specific gut bacteria could be used to diagnose the illness, which is currently identified based on symptoms alone.(如果这些发现被复制，特定的肠道细菌可以用来诊断疾病，目前仅根据症状来识别疾病)”以及最后一段“The findings additionally point toward possible treatments, such as probiotics or microbiome-fo

79、cused diet adjustmentsthough patients who have been sick for long periods may require drugs that alleviate the damage done to their metabolism or immune system.(研究结果还指出了可能的治疗方法，比如益生菌或以微生物群为重点的饮食调整尽管长期患病的患者可能需要药物来减轻对新陈代谢或免疫系统的损害)”可知，A选项“促进丁酸盐的多种功能”不是研究的意义。故选A。35主旨大意题。根据第一段“A growing body of research

80、suggests that the gut microbiome (消化道菌群) could play a major role in a rising chronic disease that makes us physically weaker. The illness, which is commonly called chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), is characterized by intense fatigue, gastrointestinal (胃肠道的) issues, muscle pain, and cognitive challeng

81、es such as headaches and difficulty concentrating, among other symptoms.(越来越多的研究表明，肠道微生物群可能在越来越多的慢性疾病中发挥重要作用，这些疾病会使我们的身体变得更弱。这种疾病通常被称为慢性疲劳综合征（CFS），其特征是剧烈疲劳、胃肠道问题、肌肉疼痛和认知挑战，如头痛和注意力不集中等症状)”结合文章介绍了一项研究开展的过程以及其研究发现的意义可知，这篇文章的主要讲述肠道微生物群可能是慢性疲劳综合症的关键。故选A。第二节(共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分)阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白

82、处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。（2023北京人大附中校考模拟）In some ways, it is surprising that languages change. After all, they are passed down through the generations reliably enough for parents and children to communicate with each other. 36 For example, while Japanese has changed relatively little over a thousand years

83、, English evolved rapidly in just a few centuries. Many present day speakers find Shakespears sixteenth-century plays difficult and Chaucers fourteenth-century The Canterbury Tales nearly impossible to read.Languages change for a variety of reasons. Large-scale shifts often occur in response to soci

84、al, economic, and political pressures, as there are many examples of language change fueled by invasions, colonization, and migration. 37 Frequently, the needs of speakers drive language change. New technologies industries, products and experiences simply require new words. By using new and emerging

85、 terms, we all drive language change. But the unique way that individuals speak also fuels language change because no two individuals use a language in exactly the same way. 38 Through our day-to-day interactions, we pick up words and savings from other people and integrate them into our speech. Tee

86、ns and young adults, for example, often use different words and phrases from their parents. Some of them spread through the population and slowly change the language. 39 Vocabulary can change quickly as new words are borrowed from other languages, or as words get coined, combined, or shortened. Some

87、 words are even created through misinterpretation of form. As noted in the Linguistic Society of Americas publication Is English Changing?, the word pea is one such example. Up until about four hundred years ago, pease could refer to either a single pea or many peas. At some point, people assumed th

88、at pease was the plural form of a new word, pea, based on the way pease sounded. While vocabulary can change quickly, sentence structure the order of words in a sentence changes more slowly. 40 For example, during the Great Vowel Shift five hundred years ago, the pronunciation of vowels in English c

89、hanged dramatically. This shift represents the biggest difference between the pronunciation of Middle English and Modern English.AChanges in sound are somewhat harder to document but just as interesting.BYet linguists find that all living languages change over time at different rates though.CAs long

90、 as people are using a language, that language will undergo some change.DAll natural languages change, and language change affects all areas of language use.EThe three main areas of language that change over time are vocabulary, sentence structure, and pronunciation.FEven without these kinds of infl

91、uences, a language can change dramatically if enough users adopt a new way of speaking.GThe vocabulary and phrases people use depend on where they live, their age, education level, social status and other factors.【答案】36B 37F 38G 39E 40A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了语言会随着时间而变化，其原因很多样，变化主要体现在词汇、句子结构和发音三个方面。36前文“I

92、n some ways, it is surprising that languages change. After all, they are passed down through the generations reliably enough for parents and children to communicate with each other.（在某些方面，语言的变化是令人惊讶的。毕竟，它们代代相传，足以让父母和孩子相互交流。）”引入文章的话题语言的变化，后文“For example, while Japanese has changed relatively little o

93、ver a thousand years, English evolved rapidly in just a few centuries.（例如，在一千多年的时间里，日语的变化相对较小，而英语在短短几个世纪内就迅速演化。）”用日语和英语的变化情况作为例子，B项“Yet linguists find that all living languages change over time at different rates though.（然而，语言学家发现，所有现存的语言都会随着时间的推移而变化尽管变化的速度不同。）”符合语境，和前文对语言变化的惊讶构成转折，是后文的例证支持的观点，后文的“c

94、hanged relatively little over a thousand years”“evolved rapidly in just a few centuries”解释了其中的“at different rates”。故选B。37前文“Languages change for a variety of reasons. Large-scale shifts often occur in response to social, economic, and political pressures, as there are many examples of language chang

95、e fueled by invasions, colonization, and migration.（语言的变化有很多原因。由于社会、经济和政治压力的影响，语言往往会发生大规模变化，因为有很多入侵、殖民和移民推动语言变化的例子。）”点明了本段的主旨语言变化的原因，介绍了外部宏观环境的原因，F项“Even without these kinds of influences, a language can change dramatically if enough users adopt a new way of speaking.（即使没有这些影响，如果有足够多的使用者采用一种新的说话方式，一

96、门语言也会发生巨大的变化。）”符合语境，承接前文，其中的“these kinds of influences”指前文的“social, economic, and political pressures”，介绍了使用者方面的原因作为补充。故选F。38前文“But the unique way that individuals speak also fuels language change because no two individuals use a language in exactly the same way.（但是个体说话的独特方式也会促进语言的变化，因为没有两个人使用一种语言的方

97、式完全相同。）”提到了个体使用的语言存在差异，G项“The vocabulary and phrases people use depend on where they live, their age, education level, social status and other factors.（人们使用的词汇和短语取决于他们居住的地方、年龄、教育程度、社会地位和其他因素。）”符合语境，具体解释了个体语言差异的原因。故选G。39空处位于段首，是段落的主旨句，需概括段落内容。后文“Vocabulary can change quickly as new words are borrowed

98、 from other languages, or as words get coined, combined, or shortened.（词汇变化很快，比如从其他语言中借用新词，或者新词被创造、组合或缩略。）”、“While vocabulary can change quickly, sentence structure the order of words in a sentence changes more slowly.（虽然词汇变化很快，但句子结构句子中单词的顺序变化得比较慢。）”和“For example, during the Great Vowel Shift five h

99、undred years ago, the pronunciation of vowels in English changed dramatically.（例如，在500年前的元音大推移期间，英语元音的发音发生了巨大变化。）”涉及语言变化中的词汇、句子结构和发音，E项“The three main areas of language that change over time are vocabulary, sentence structure, and pronunciation.（语言随着时间的推移发生变化的三个主要方面是词汇、句子结构和发音。）”符合语境，概括了这三个方面的内容。故选E

100、。40后文“For example, during the Great Vowel Shift five hundred years ago, the pronunciation of vowels in English changed dramatically. This shift represents the biggest difference between the pronunciation of Middle English and Modern English.（例如，在500年前的元音大推移期间，英语元音的发音发生了巨大变化。这种转变体现了中世纪英语和现代英语发音的最大区别。

101、）”介绍的是语言变化的发音方面，A项“Changes in sound are somewhat harder to document but just as interesting.（声音的变化很难记录，但同样有趣。）”符合语境，引起后文内容。故选A。第三部分语言运用(共两节, 满分30分)第一节(共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。（2023河北沧州高三校考阶段练习）I lay on the operating table. I felt 41 . My husband, Mike, had accide

102、ntally 42 an important folder received at hospital registration in our car. When Mike went to fetch the folder for the surgical team. I 43 on the cold hard table, worried. The operating room was empty. freezing cold. The assistants. 44 from head to toe, looked like aliens(外星人). I hoped for a lumpect

103、omy (肿块切除术), but it was 45 Id wake up minus a breast. 46 washed over me. Once the paperwork arrived, my young surgeon, Dr. Zusan, pushed a rolling chair up to the operating table. She sat down, taking my right hand in hers. Above her mask, her eyes 47 . “Sharon, Im going to stay with you and well ho

104、ld hands until youre asleep.” As a tech slipped a breathing mask over my face. Dr. Zusan 48 my fear. “Youre getting some nice clean oxygen right now. Just take a few deep breaths. Youre doing fine. ” She 49 my hand. Four years after my operation. I am doing fine. I will remember her sweet smile. And

105、 also I will remember how Dr. Zusan took time from her 50 to hold my hand and calm my fears. Surgeons often have a(n) 51 for being rude. But some are 52 . My doctors human 53 calmed my heart. I try to pay it forward, 54 a hug or a few kind words when others are in need. And 55 , my acts have a big i

106、mpact.41AreadyBsurprisedCanxiousDsad42AleftBbroughtCheldDopened43AsleptBwaitedCweptDregretted44AmeasuredBcoveredCburiedDassessed45AclearBnecessaryCurgentDpossible46AProblemBAngerCWorryDFear47AstaredBwateredCsmiledDclosed48Atalked downBturned onCpassed downDfixed on49AwavedBgraspedCkissedDraised50Asc

107、heduleBorderCcheckDexperience51AtalentBconcernCreputationDorigin52AeducatorsBangelsCcreatorsDbeginners53AtouchBcontrolCthoughtDappreciation54AaddingBmixingCexpectingDsharing55AslightlyBbasicallyCcertainlyDfinally【答案】41C 42A 43B 44B 45D 46D 47C 48A 49B 50A 51C 52B 53A 54D 55C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述作者手术时医生一个

108、善意的举动感动了作者，让她也决定用友善回馈社会上更多的人。41考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我躺在手术台上，我感到焦虑。A. ready准备好的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. sad悲哀的。由下文“ I 3 on the cold hard table, worried.”可知，作者这时很担心“焦虑”。故选C项。42考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫迈克不小心把医院挂号处收到的一个重要文件夹忘在了我们的车里。A. left留下；B. brought带来；C. held持有；D. opened打开。由下文“Mike went to fetch the folder”可

109、知， Mike把重要的文件夹“留”在了车上。故选A项。43考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在冰冷坚硬的手术台上焦急地等待着。A. slept睡；B. waited等待；C. wept哭泣；D. regretted后悔。由上文“Mike went to fetch the folder”可知，作者这里一个人在手术时“等待”丈夫和手术。故选B项。44考查动词词义辨析。句意：助手们从头到脚都被遮住了，看起来像外星人。A. measured测量；B. covered覆盖，包裹；C. buried埋藏；D. assessed评估。由后文“from head to toe”以及“like aliens”可知，这

110、些助手是从头“包裹”完到脚的。故选B项。45考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望做肿块切除术，但我醒来时可能没有乳房。 A. clear清晰的；B. necessary必要的；C. urgent紧急的；D. possible可能的。由上文“a lumpectomy ”可知，如果肿块很大，“可能”会把整个乳房切掉。故选D项。46考查名词词义辨析。句意：恐惧席卷了我。A. Problem问题；B. Anger愤怒；C. Worry担心；D. Fear害怕，恐惧。由下文“Dr. Zusan 8my fear.”可知，这里应指“恐惧”席卷了作者。故选D项。47考查动词词义辨析。句意：在她的面部上方，她的眼

111、睛微笑着。 A. stared瞪着；B. watered浇水；C. smiled微笑；D. closed关闭。由下文“I will remember her sweet smile. ”可知，这里应指她眼睛是“笑”着的。故选C项。48考查动词词组辨析。句意：Zusan医生高声压倒了我的恐惧。A. talked down驳倒、高声压倒；B. turned on开启；C. passed down传递；D. fixed on固定在。由后文“calm my fears”可知，医生的话语和动作“高声压倒”作者的恐惧。故选A项。49考查动词词义辨析。句意：她抓住我的手。A. waved挥手；B. gras

112、ped抓住；C. kissed亲吻；D. raised举起。由上文“taking my right hand in hers”可知，医生是“抓住”作者的手。故选B项。50考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还记得Zusan医生是如何从她的日程中抽出时间来握住我的手，平息我的恐惧的。 A. schedule日程安排；B. order订单；C. check检查；D. experience经验。由上文“I lay on the operating table”可知，医生是从做手术的“日程安排”中抽出时间安慰作者的。故选A项。51考查名词词义辨析。句意：外科医生常常有粗鲁的名声。A. talent人才；B. c

113、oncern关注；C. reputation声誉、名声；D. origin起源。由下文“being rude”以及结合语境可知，外科医生通常有粗鲁的“名声”。故选C项。52考查名词词义辨析。句意：但有些人是天使。A. educators教育工作者；B. angels天使；C. creators创作者；D. beginners初学者。由上文“being rude”以及but表转折可知，另一些医生却很好，像“天使”一样。故选B项。53考查名词词义辨析。句意：我医生的人性化触摸使我的心平静下来。A. touch触摸；B. control控制；C. thought想法；D. appreciation欣

114、赏。由上文“She sat down, taking my right hand in hers.”可知，医生人性化的“触摸”让作者的心平静下来。故选A项。54考查动词词义辨析。句意：当别人需要的时候，我试着让爱传出去，拥抱或说几句友好的话。A. adding加入；B. mixing混合；C. expecting预料；D. sharing分享。由前文“pay it forward(让爱传出去)”可知，作者会“分享”拥抱和友好的话。故选D项。55考查副词词义辨析。句意：当然，我的行为会产生很大的影响。A. slightly轻微地；B. basically基本上地；C. certainly当然；D

115、. finally最后地。由上文“ I try to pay it forward, 14a hug or a few kind words when others are in need.”可知，作者这样做“当然”会产生很大的影响。故选C项。第二节(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分)阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2023江苏镇江江苏省镇江中学校考三模）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。East Chinas Shandong province, where the Yellow River flows into t

116、he sea, is promoting the deep integration of culture and tourism. So far, Shandong 56 (launch) many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River 57 (boost) the high-quality development of the region.One example is the Yellow River Tower i

117、n Binzhous Puhu Lake Scenic Area, which was open 58 the public last year. It has become a cultural landmark of the Yellow River Basin 59 visitors can view the river passing through the city and watch exhibitions showing 60 (it) long history and diverse cultures. The tower offers various types of act

118、ivities, such as research tours, and undertakes Yellow River-themed video competitions.One of the most 61 (influence) tourism brands in Yuncheng county is the Shuihu Film Studio. It integrates film shooting and performances. There are 36 courtyards and 108 scenic spots that 62 (vivid) display the di

119、verse cultures of the Chinese classic novel Shuihuzhuan.Yellow River culture is a product of the material and spiritual advancement of the people living by the river throughout time. The local artistic 63 (create) are playing important roles in the Yellow River culture. The most representative among

120、 them is Lyu Opera, 64 unique kind of the Chinese art form. 65 (root) in Dongying, the opera has become extremely popular among tourists.【答案】56has launched 57to boost 58to 59where 60its 61influential 62vividly 63creations 64a 65Rooted【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了山东省正在推动文化和旅游的深度融合，介绍了为推动文化旅游所采取的一些措施。56考查时态。句意：

121、迄今为止，山东已经启动了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文化和价值方面取得了重大进展，以推动该地区的高质量发展。根据上文So far可知为现在完成时，主语为Shandong，助动词用has。故填has launched。57考查非谓语动词。句意：迄今为止，山东已经启动了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文化和价值方面取得了重大进展，以推动该地区的高质量发展。分析句子结构可知boost在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to boost。58考查介词。句意：滨州普湖风景区的黄河塔就是一个例子，它于去年向公众开放。表示“向开放”短语为be open to。故填to。59考查定语从句。句意：它已经成为黄河流域的

122、一个文化地标，游客可以在这里看到河流穿过城市，观看展示其悠久历史和多元文化的展览。定语从句修饰先行词landmark，从句缺少地点状语，故用where引导。故填where。60考查代词。句意：它已经成为黄河流域的一个文化地标，游客可以在这里看到河流穿过城市，观看展示其悠久历史和多元文化的展览。修饰后文名词应用形容词性物主代词its。故填its。61考查形容词。句意：运城县最具影响力的旅游品牌之一是水浒影视基地。修饰名词brands应用形容词influential，作定语。故填influential。62考查副词。句意：这里有36个院落和108个景点，生动地展示了中国经典小说水浒传的多元文化。修

123、饰动词display应用副词vividly，作状语。故填vividly。63考查名词。句意：地方艺术创作在黄河文化中发挥着重要作用。作主语，结合后文are可知应用复数名词creations。故填creations。64考查冠词。句意：其中最具代表性的是吕剧，一种独特的中国艺术形式。此处为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。65考查非谓语动词。句意：植根于东营的吕剧在游客中非常受欢迎。分析句子结构可知root与逻辑主语the opera构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。故填Rooted。第四部分 写作(共两节, 满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)（2023福建厦门厦门一中校考

124、模拟预测）最近，某国际学校很多学生由于用眼过度或用眼不当，视力下降很快。假如你是该校学生李华，请你用英文向全校同学发起以“爱护眼睛”为主题 的倡议书，内容包括：1.用眼存在的问题；2. 爱护眼睛的意义；3.提出倡议。注意：1.词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯_【答案】Dear fellow students,Currently, many students suffer from poor eyesight due to excessive or improper use of eyes. Thus, Im advocating “Protect Our Eyes”.Eyes

125、are the window to the soul. Having good eyesight means we can not only see things clearly but also appreciate beautiful scenes better. Anyway, only when we form a good habit of protecting eyes, such as doing regular eye-exercises and reading in right light, can we really enjoy our life.See well, liv

126、e well. So dont hesitate to act at once!Yours,Li Hua【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，最近，某国际学校很多学生由于用眼过度或用眼不当，视力下降很快。假如你是该校学生李华，请你用英文向全校同学发起以“爱护眼睛”为主题 的倡议书，内容包括：1.用眼存在的问题；2. 爱护眼睛的意义；3.提出倡议。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：suffer from(遭受)；due to(因为)；eyesight(视力)；such as(例如)；hesitate(犹豫)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时

127、态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Having good eyesight means we can not only see things clearly but also appreciate beautiful scenes better.非谓语动词的运用；Anyway, only when we form a good habit of protecting eyes, such a

128、s doing regular eye-exercises and reading in right light, can we really enjoy our life.运用倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。第二节 书面表达 (满分25分)（2023广东广东实验中学校考模拟预测）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。As Amy walked home from school one afternoon, she saw images of symmetry (对称

129、) all around her: in the faces of people, in the buildings she passed, and in the cars that went by. Even the autumn leaves that covered the sidewalk. A butterfly landed on a branch above her, and Amy suddenly stopped. She held her breath and smiled, watching as it opened and closed its perfectly sy

130、mmetrical wings.All that month, Amys class had been studying different forms of symmetry, and Amy was deeply attracted. Theyd observed the mirror symmetry of violins and the rotational symmetry of starfish. Theyd even studied symmetry using a microscope and recorded the beauty with a phone camera. N

131、ow Mr. Garcia, their science teacher, had given them their final assignment: to find the most beautiful example of symmetry and give a report to the class on it.“The most beautiful example of symmetry. What on earth could that be?” Amy asked herself. She finally decided to use her microscope to find

132、 one. Amy spent hours in the garden on the examination of cells, pieces of rock, and drops of pond water. Although she was amazed by what she saw, none was truly beautiful.“What are you bringing to class?” Amy asked her friend Cathy on the bus ride to school. “A model airplane,” replied Cathy proudl

133、y. “And my brother Mathew is bringing his guitar.” Those things are nice, thought Amy, but there must be something more beautiful.That evening, she stayed with her microscope until her father called out, “Get inside, Amy. Its freezing outside. The weather forecast says its going to snow.”Amys heart

134、sank. There would be fewer things to study under the microscope. Snow would cover the area like a blanket, hiding everything from sight. Her assignment was due in just a few days. Amy began to feel panic as she was packing up her microscope. Then she caught sight of something white blown onto the st

135、age of her microscope. Yes! The snowflake (雪花)! She looked through the microscope and was amazed by its beauty.注意：1续写词数应为 150 左右；2请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“I have to show it to my class,” Amy cried excitedly._Finally, it was the day to report._【答案】“I have to show it to my class,” Amy cried excitedly. She l

136、ooked through the microscope again to take a closer look and was surprised to find that there was nothing there! The snowflake had disappeared taking all of its beauty with it. “No! Wait!” cried Amy. She had to take the snowflake to class, but how? It could melt before shegot on the school bus! Sudd

137、enly, Amy had an ideashe ran to her house and picked up her camera. Within minutes, she had managed to attach it to the microscope. She carefully placed another snowflake on the microscopes stage and took a series of pictures.Finally, it was the day to report. Amy took the photos to the class, which

138、 surprised the classmates and the science teacher. Each snowflake was different, symmetrical, and unbelievably beautiful. They were excited to see the most beautiful example of symmetry. The teacher praised Amy for her careful observation, which made Amy happy and proud.【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。文章讲述了学生Amy在学校里

139、学习了对称现象，科学老师要求同学们找到最美丽的对称例子并作报告。Amy用她的显微镜在花园里寻找，观察各种对称的东西，但是都不满意，那天晚上，大雪将至，会将一切都覆盖起来，Amy还没有找到满意的对称物，她很恐慌，就在这时，她看到白色的雪花飘到了显微镜台上，透过显微镜，她看到美丽的雪花，她被雪花的美惊呆了。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“我必须把它展示给我的班级，Amy兴奋地叫了起来。”可知，第一段可描写Amy想把雪花带到课堂上，但是发现雪花很快就会融化，于是想出了一个办法拿照相机拍下雪花。由第二段首句内容“终于到了作报告的这天。”可知，第二段可描写Amy在课堂上展示雪花的美，老师和学生看

140、到雪花对称的美很兴奋，老师表扬了Amy。2.续写线索：想带到课堂上发现雪花很快融化拿照相机拍下美丽的雪花作报告展示雪花的美老师和同学的反应老师表扬Amy3.词汇激活行为类想出一个主意：have an idea/come up with an idea放置：place/put系上：attach/tie情绪类兴奋的： excited/thrilled高兴的：happy/glad/delighted【点睛】高分句型1 She looked through the microscope again to take a closer look and was surprised to find that there was nothing there! （由that引导的宾语从句）高分句型2The teacher praised Amy for her careful observation, which made Amy happy and proud.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句）