专题01 第1天-字母AB开头.docx

1、专题01 第1天-字母AB开头&中考英语必考点110-2022年江苏中考英语10天速记高频词汇和短语（牛津译林版） 中考英语高频单词和短语-A开头动词：agree同意，answer回答，allow允许，appear出现；看起来，award奖励得到：achieve/get/gain/receive，负担的起： afford (afford to do)代词：anything，anybody，all，another，any副词：句中：already已经，also也，almost几乎，always总是句尾：again又，altogether总共，alone单独其他：abroad在国外, anyway

2、无论如何, anywhere无论什么地方 away离开连词：after在之后 and而且;和; 然后 as当时；因为 although尽管，虽然介词：around在周围；到处；旋转；大约 among在中 across（从表面）穿过along沿着 about大约；关于 above在之上 after在之后against反对; 对不利;紧靠; 以防 as作为【高频词汇】able adj.能够ability n.能力 unable（反义词）不能的 disabled adj.丧失能力的；有残疾的art n. 艺术；美术artist n.艺术家Asia n.亚洲Asian adj.& n.亚洲的；亚洲人的

3、；亚洲人Australia n. 澳大利亚Australian adj.澳大利亚的；澳大利亚人的 n.澳大利亚人Africa n.非洲African adj.非洲的America n.美国American adj.美国的；美洲的 n.美国人；美洲人act v.行动；表演-actor n.演员-actress n.女演员 action n.行动 active adj.活跃的appear v.出现appearance n.外貌；外观；外表；露面 disappear（反义词）消失；不见agree v.同意；赞成；应允agreement n.（意见或看法）一致；同意 disagree（反义词）不同意；

4、 不一致advise v.劝告；建议advice n.劝告；建议angry adj.发怒的；生气的angrily adv.发怒地；生气地 anger n.怒气；怒火allow v.允许achieve v.达到；完成；成功achievement n.成就；成绩act v.扮演；装作active adj.活跃的；积极的absent adj.缺席；不在-attend v.出席；参加 advantage n. 优点；有利条件-disadvantage（反义词）【高频短语】ask for 请求；恳求（给予）ask for help 寻求帮助When you visit a foreign country

5、, it is important to know how to ask for help politely . 当你去国外旅游时，了解如何礼貌地寻求帮助是很重要的。Why dont you ask Alice to join you each time you do something with Julie? 为什么每次你跟朱丽叶在一起的时候，不叫上艾丽斯呢？a set of 一套；一副；一组 a pair of 一双；一对a couple of 两个；一对；几个 a little/few 一点；少量a piece of 一片 a little bit 有点儿；稍微around the wo

6、rld世界各地It seems that Chinese tea is drunk all over the world. 看来，中国的茶叶已被世界各地饮用。The tea is packed and sent to many different countries and places around China. 包装好的茶叶被送往许多不同国家和地区。all in all 总的说来all kinds of 各种类型的；各种各样的all the time 一直all year round 全年after class 放学后 after school 放学后after all 毕竟art fes

7、tival 艺术节as long as 只要；既然as soon as 一就；尽快as a result 结果as far as I know 就我所知As far as I know, there are no man-made objects as big as this. 据我所知，再没有比这大的人工工程。according to 依据；按照at the beginning of. 在开始at birth 出生时at the same time 同时at a low price 低价arrive in/at 到达I arrived in Beijing this morning. 我今早

8、到达北京。agree with 同意；赞成add.into. 把加到里add.to. 把添加到achieve ones dream 实现某人的梦想avoid buying sth 避免不了买东西attend a concert 参加音乐会中考英语高频词汇和短语-B开头动词：begin/start开始，become变，believe相信blow吹，book订购，break打破，borrow向借形容词：beautiful/pretty漂亮，brave勇敢，better更好/best最好，busy忙碌的聪明：bright/clever/smart/wise连词：but但是，because因为，bef

9、ore在前介词：besides除之外（包括在内），beside在旁; below在下，between在中【高频词汇】bad adj.坏的；糟的worse（比较级-worst（最高级）boring adj. 没趣的；令人厌倦的 bored adj.无聊的big adj. 大的；大号的bigger（比较级）-biggest（最高级）buy v. 购买；买bought（过去式/过去分词） busy adj. 忙碌的；无暇的business n.生意；商业bring v.带来；取来brought (过去式/过去分词)beauty n.美丽beautiful adj.美丽的；美好的build v.建造b

10、uilding n.建筑物；房子below prep. & adv.在下面；到下面over（反义词）break v.(使）破；裂；碎；损坏broke (过去式)-broken (过去分词)become v.开始变得；变成became 过去式-become 过去分词 begin v.开始began（过去式）-begun（过去分词） beginning n.开头；开端 end（反义词）结束；终止；终结beat v.敲打；打败beat（过去式）- beaten（过去分词）brave adj.勇敢的bravely adv.勇敢地 behave v. 表现；举止behavior n.行为; 态度burn

11、 v. 着火；燃烧burnt/burned（过去式/过去分词）【高频短语】be late for迟到He is never late for school. 他上学从来不会迟到。be good at 擅长于be serious about 对认真be strict with 对要求严格be afraid of 害怕be proud of 为骄傲；感到自豪be born with 天生具有be in danger 处于（极大）危险之中be in control of 掌管；管理 be interested in 对感兴趣be made of 由制成的be made in 由地方制造believe

12、 in信任；信赖be full of 充满be patient with 对有耐心be different from 与不同；与有差异be similar to 与相像的、类似的be ready to do sth. 愿意迅速做某事be able to do sth. 能够做某事be supposed to 应该be/get used to doing sth. 习惯于；适应于 be used for. 被用作be famous for 以闻名；为人知晓between. and. 在和之间bring back 恢复；使想起；归还 because of 因为Beijing hutong 北京胡同

13、belong to 属于by accident 偶然；意外 by mistake 错误地Did you know potato chips were invented by mistake ?你知道薯条是由于差错而发明的吗？paintings by Picasso 毕加索的画作。by the time在以前by the end of 在（某时间点）以前2022年中考英语必考点1101. love vt. 喜欢，喜爱 【短语】：love sb./sth. 喜欢某人/某物 love to do sth. 喜欢做某事（某一次） love doing sth. 喜欢做某事（表示习惯） 【拓展】: li

14、ke & enjoy1) like vt. & prep.【反义词】dislike, unlike【辨析】：like 和as有什么区别呢？He talked to me as a father. & He talked to me like a father.【句型辨析】：What is/are sb. like?Whats your father like?He is a serious person.What do/does sb. look like?What does your boyfriend look like?He is tall with black hair.What do

15、/does sb. like?What subject do you like?I like English.How do/does sb. like sth? = How do/does sb. find sth.? = What do/does sb. think of sth.?How do you like the movie?Not bad.How would sb. like sth.?How would you like your coffee?Black, please.2) enjoy 【短语】enjoy sth. 喜欢某事enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事enjo

16、y oneself (doing sth.)= have fun (doing sth.) 做某事玩得开心2. lovely adj. 可爱的【拓展】以ly结尾的形容词：Hourly/daily/weekly/monthly/yearlyearly（早的）orderly（整洁的；有序的；有条理的）friendly（友好的；亲切的）kindly（善良的，亲切的）lonely（孤独的，寂寞的）lovely（可爱的；漂亮的，迷人的） likely（有可能的，大概）lively（有活力的，活泼的；生动的）only（唯一的） slightly（稍微，略微）ugly（丑陋的，难看的）elderly（年纪较

17、大的，上了年纪的。与 old 同义，较委婉）3. 祈使句的用法一、祈使句的分类祈使句表请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等。祈使句分为第二人称祈使句及第、三人称祈使句两大类。(1)第二人称祈使句通常用来向听话者发出命令，提出要求或建议。这种祈使句的主语you通常不表示出来，而是以动词原形X开头。Stand up.Dont worry.但如果说话时有多人在场，就得把主语表示出来，或加呼语，以便指明是向谁提出请求或发出命令。Mary clean the windows, and you boys wash the floor! 玛丽擦窗户，你们男孩子洗地板!Come in, everybody! 每个人

18、都进来!有时将主语表示出来是为了加强语气或表示“不高兴”、“厌烦”、“鄙视”等情绪。You get out of here! 你给我出去!Dont you be late again! 你可别再迟到了!(2) 第一、三人称祈使句是以第一人称和第三人称代词或者名词等作为祈使的对象，这类祈使句通常以let为引导词表建议。Lets go! Let us go home!Let him sit down祈使句除用谓语动词表示外，还可用名词、副词、动词短语等表示。Help!Patience!Quickly!Hands up!二、祈使句的强调形式及否定形式(1)祈使句的强调形式是在整个结构之前加do。Do

19、 be careful!Do give my regards to your parents. 务必/一定代我向你父母问好。(2)祈使句的否定形式通常是在句首加dont或never。Dont you be nervous! 你不要紧张!(3)以let为引导词的祈使句的否定形式通常是在Lets或Let me/us后加not。Lets not waste our time arguing about it. 咱们别浪费时间争论这事了。Lets not say anything about it. 这事咱们谁也别说。三、祈使句的反意疑问句(1) 祈使句的反意疑问部分为肯定形式，要用shall，wil

20、l。(2) Lets表示第一人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“shall we?”。Lets go out for a walk, shall we?Lets hold a birthday party for him, shall we?(3) Let me和Let us 表示第二人称的祈使句，反意疑问句为“will you?”。 Let us go for a walk, will you?(4) 其它行为动词引起的祈使句，无论其陈述部分是否定还是肯定的祈使句，多用“will you?”，表达一种客气的语气。Listen to me, will you?Dont tell anyone abou

21、t it, will you?但在肯定的祈使句后有时也用“won t you?”表“提醒对方注意”或表“邀请”。Have a cup of coffee，won t you?Come in and take a seat, wont you/will you?四、祈使句用于两个重要句型1) “祈使句+ and +表结果的陈述句”用来叙述肯定的条件。2) “祈使句+ or (else) +表结果的陈述句”用来叙述否定的条件，or (else)表示“否则；要不然”。试比较：Hurry up and youll catch the train. (If you hurry up, youll cat

22、ch the train)Hurry up, or youll miss the train(If you dont hurry up, youll miss the train)4. look v. 看 n.看，瞧look（系动词）看起来 后常接形容词作表语It looks beautiful. 它看起来很漂亮。【拓展】：系动词简单分类：表示感官的系动词有：sound, feel, smell, taste, look状态系动词：be变化类系动词：go, get, turn, become, grow, come持续类系动词：keep, stay, remain【短语】look after

23、照看 look at 看着 look out = be careful 小心 look up 查阅；看得起 look down 向下看；看不起 look back 回顾 look around 环顾四周look forward to sth. / doing sth. 期待某事/做某事【辨析】四个“看”的区别(1)look指集中注意力地看，是有意的，强调“看”的动作。单独使用时，用来引起对方的注意；如果跟宾语，要和at连用。Look! Tom is over there. 看！汤姆在那儿。Look at the blackboard, please. 请看黑板。(2)see强调“看”的结果，意

24、为“看见、看到”。【短语】see a doctor 看医生 see a film 看电影（美式表达，一定是去影院看）How many birds can you see in the tree? 你能看到树上有多少只鸟儿？He looked carefully but didnt see anything.他很仔细的看，但是没有看见任何东西。(3)watch强调“专注地看”，有欣赏的意味，常用于看电视、看球赛等。【短语】watch TV watch a match watch a movie（可以是在电视、电脑上看的）Do you watch TV at night? 你晚上看电视吗？(4)

25、read指“阅读”，常用于读书、读报等有文字的东西。【短语】read a book read a newspaper read a magazineI like reading. 我喜欢阅读。5. 年龄表达法【解析】数词+years old 放在be动词后面做表语。数词-year-old 放在名词前做表语 注：an eight-year-old boyat the age of +数词The little boy is 5 years old.He is a five-year-old boy.The little boy is at the age of five.6. .play 的用法.

26、【短语】play football/basketball/volleyball踢足球/打篮球/打排球(后接球类不用冠词)play the piano/guitar/violin弹钢琴/弹吉他/拉小提琴(后接乐器使用定冠词the)play chess/poker/cards下象棋/玩扑克/打牌play the lead role of.in.在.中扮演主角.play an important role in.在.中起到重要作用play a trick on sb捉弄某人7. let：let sb do sth让某人做某事使役动词后接动词原形做宾补，使役动词：let、have、make等。1) L

27、et“使，让” a) let +宾语+do“让做”，被动语态为be let （to） do。Lets go there, shall we? They wont let their teacher be treated like that.2) have“使，让”，不用于被动语态。a) have +宾语+do“让做某事”，动作执行者为宾语。 He had the boy say it clearly.b) have +宾语+doing“让做某事”，动作执行者为句子宾语，但动词必须为持续性动词，后面常接时间段。He had her standing in the rain for two hou

28、rs. c) have +宾语+done“叫、让、请别人做某事”，表动作的执行者不是主语也不是宾语而是别人。或“遭遇不幸事情”。Ill have my bike repaired this afternoon. Youd better have your bad tooth pulled out.He had his wallet stolen at the station. d) have +宾语+adj./adv./prep.“使处于某种状态”。Please have your money ready.3) make “使”，有轻微强迫之意。a) make +宾语+do，“迫使某人做某事”

29、，被动语态为be made to do。The boy made the girl cry.The workers were made to work late at night.b) make +宾语+doing“使处于某种状态”，并强调动作的主动性。 The story made him feeling sad.c) make +宾语+done“使处于某种状态”，并强调动作的被动性。 Please speak louder to make yourself heard. d) make+宾语+adj./adv./prep./n.“使处于某种状态”。 His illness made him

30、 very weak. 8. be good at（doing） sth = do well in（doing） sth 擅长（做）某事【短语】be good to sb对某人好be good for sth对有好处be weak/poor at doing sth不擅长做某事9. 表示建议的句型【解析】Why not =why dont +代词+V原形?Shall we +V原形?Lets + V原形.Youd better+ V原形Can/Could/Will/Would you please+ V原形?What/How about +V-ing?Would you like + to d

31、o sth?10. tooadv. 也;太1) too, as well, also, either 辨析a) too用于肯定句和疑问句,一般放在句末,too就相当于as well. too要用逗号隔开，而as well 不需要。My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher as well.=My father is a teacher. My mother is a teacher, too.我的爸爸是一位老师，我妈妈也是老师。【拓展】as well as 用法as well as 用来表示同级比较,指“一样好”。 如：He plays the

32、 guitar as well as you.他的吉他弹得和你一样好.as well as常用来连接两个并列的成分.当并列主语时,谓语动词与前一项一致.(就远原则)She as well as you is an English teacher(并列主语)她像你一样也是英文教师.b) also用于肯定句和疑问句,一般放在句中，常用于be动词,情态动词,助动词之后,行为动词之前My father is a teacher. My mother is also a teacher. 我的爸爸是一位老师，我妈妈也是老师。c) either用于否定句中,置于句末.I cant speak French. Jenny cant speak French, either我不会说法语, 詹妮也不会。2) 太too + adj. = much too + adj. 太.too many + 可数名词复数too much + 不可数名词