专题04 阅读理解（说明文）15篇（名校模拟 地区真题）-冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（重庆专用）.docx

1、冲刺2024年中考英语必考题型终极预测（重庆专用）专题04 阅读理解（说明文）15篇（2023重庆渝中重庆巴蜀中学校考模拟预测）Do you have good friends? Do you sometimes feel so close to them that they are like family to you?It turns out that this isnt just an expression. A study has found that you and your friends have more genes （基因） in common than strangers

2、do. Researchers looked at the genes of 1,932 people and compared them in pairs of unrelated friends and strangers. They found that friends have 1% of genes that match.1% of genes may not sound like much to us, but to geneticists it is a larger number. In fact, this is the same amount of genes you sh

3、are with your fourth cousins.So do you happen to become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. In fact, it is evolution （进化） that brings you together.People who share certain genes also share skills and have similar likes and dislikes. In ancient times, it was important that people wh

4、o were alike stayed together. For example, people who had a similar susceptibility （易感性）, giving them a better chance to stay alive.Among all the genes studied, those producing a change in sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is probably because people who smell things in the same w

5、ay are more easily drawn to similar environments. For example, people who like the smell of coffee may hang out at cafes more often and as a result are more likely to meet and become friends with each other.With these findings, researchers have developed an interesting test called the “friendship sc

6、ore”.It can help tell how likely two people will be friends by studying their genes.So, here is a question for you: would you like to take this test and know in advance （提前） who your friends are going to be.1What does the author mean by saying “It turns out that this isnt just an expression”?AFriend

7、s look like our cousin.BFriends share 1% of genes with us.CFriends feel close to our family.DFriends can help us when we feel cold.2The writer takes the example of ancient people in Paragraph 5 to _.Astudy how ancient people dealt with the coldBpredict that similar environments lead to friendshipCpr

8、ove that it is evolution that brings friends togetherDexplain why ancient people gave each other chance to keep alive3According to this passage, what is the right relationship? AEvolve same skills and hobbies Same Genes Become friendsBSame Genes Evolve same skills and hobbies Become friendsCSame Gen

9、es Become friends Evolve same skills and hobbiesDBecome friends Evolve same skills and hobbies Same Genes4You decide to use the “friendship score” described in the article to make an App based on the purpose of the score. Whats the best name for your new App? AHello Gene!BGene TestCGreen FinderDGene

10、 Friends（2023重庆大渡口统考二模）If you have a dog, you probably feel a strong bond（纽带） with it. A recent study found that this bond might be important to dogs, too. Researchers at Oregon State University looked at the relationship between kids and dogs. They asked 30 kids（aged from 8 to 17）who have dogs to j

11、oin the research. The kids brought their dogs to a big and empty room. Each kid was asked to walk around the room, sometimes pausing （停顿） or changing direction. “And the dog was left to do whatever it wanted. It could run around the room, or sniff, or lie down or sleep.” says Monique Udell, one of t

12、he researchers. But then they found that most of the time, the dogs didnt do my of there things. Instead, they stayed close to their young owners and do the same things that they were doing. When the kid walked, the dog usually walked, too. When the kid stopped, the dog stopped. When the kid turned

13、and changed direction, so did the dog. What does this mean? Udell says its a dogs way of building a relationship with a human. The dogs did this with the kids, even though the kids parents are usually the ones who feed and care for them. “The kid may play a brother or sister role in the life of the

14、dog,” Udell says. This shows _. So far, Udells team has only worked on dogs. But they would like to do similar studies with cats and other kinds of pets. Udell thinks that the animal-human bond spread to them as well.5In Udells research, the kids were asked to _.Afollow their pet dogsBcarry things f

15、or parentsCwalk around the roomDdo anything they wanted6Paragraph 4 mainly talks about the _ of the research.AmeaningBfindingCbackgroundDmethod7Which of the following can be put in the _?Ahumans love to be with their pet dogsBkids spend more time caring for the dogsCits difficult to build a relation

16、ship with dogsDthe bonds are important to the dogs8From the last paragraph, we know Udell thinks that _.Adogs are humans best friendsBcats are much more friendly to humansChumans only have the bonds with their pet dogsDanimal-human bonds might be true for other animals（2023重庆九龙坡二模）Have you ever paid

17、 for educational podcasts（播客）or live videos? Ask some people and most of them will say yes. “Pay-for-knowledge” has been a fashionable thing these years. Everything you think of can be found online, skills of talking, designing, computer programming and so on. Why is “Pay-for-knowledge” industry dev

18、eloping so rapidly? First, its development is based on the Internet. With a fast network and a smart phone, anyone who has passed the identity（身份）check can be an online teacher, and anyone with an online account（账户）can buy “Pay-for-knowledge” products that he or she wants at a good price. Second, pe

19、ople are afraid to miss any information. They hope for more useful information which is usually at the hands of experts. Moreover, the need to learn new skills in todays job market also pushes people to learn on such educational podcasts. The industry of “Pay-for-knowledge” has proved to be a great

20、way of making money. It promises possibilities of turning information into money. It is good for the development of our country and it can help sellers make lots of money. Besides, buyers can enjoy self-growth from it. Whats more, this is a reflection（反映）of peoples respect for knowledge and talents.

21、 However, “Pay-for-knowledge” also causes a few problems. For one thing, the market is full of eye-catching words such as “How to be a good CEO?” which sound like if you pay for it, you are sure to succeed. For another, a large number of customers buy them just for showing off. That means, with or w

22、ithout these products, they can make it anyway, because they are those who have the ability to learn by themselves. In general, the best is the one that suits you most. “Pay-for-knowledge” may be used as a good start for self-growth. But be careful when you make a choice, or your dream of success ma

23、y not come true.9“Pay-for knowledge” industry is developing rapidly because of the following reasons EXCEPT _.Apeople today dont want to miss informationBthe traditional education system doesnt workCtodays job market needs people to be more skilledDthere is fast network and a smart phone nowadays10W

24、hat can we learn about “Pay-for-knowledge” industry from Paragraph 3?AThe history of its developmentBThe problems of its productsCThe advantages of its productsDThe future of this industry11The structure of the passage may be _.ABCD12The best title for this passage may be “_”.ALearn Knowledge By Our

25、selves OnlineBBuy “Pay-for-Knowledge” ProductsCStop Trying Any Of “Pay-for-Knowledge” ProductsDChoose “Pay-for-Knowledge” Products Wisely（2023重庆沙坪坝重庆八中校考模拟预测） China has completed its BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, or BDS, becoming another one in the world with a global navigation network （全球导航网

26、络）, and the other three are GPS of the US, GLONASS of Russia and Galileo of the European Union. As the name suggests, the global navigation satellite system provides navigation and location services 24 hours a day. From what we have kmown so far, building a good satellite system costs a lot. Besides

27、, the other systerns have been set up. Why does China have a new one if there is nothing special? The other three systems have 24 satellites in MEO（中轨道）. In addition to the 24 satellites, Chinas new global navigation satellite system BeiDou-3 also has three satellites in GEO（地球静止同步轨道）and three in IG

28、SO（倾斜地球同步轨道）. These six satellites are special because they have a fixed area of activity. This can improve BDSaccuracy （精准度） in China and the Asia-Pacific area to 5 meters, compared with a 10-meter accuracy in other areas. BDS has another advantage-the short message service. It allows users to have

29、 a two-way communication. In areas not covered by communication signals, BDS can make the short message service work in areas without humans, such as deserts, forests, mountainous and polar areas. With this service, users who are in danger can tell the rescue team （救援队） theirlocation and condition.

30、As a county with the largest population in the world,its important for China to have its own global navigation satellite system to meet the needs of the countrys development. In fact, BDS is also good business. According to the official report, Chinas satellite industry has kept a 20% annual growth

31、since 2012. And BDS contributes（贡献）about 80% of it. In addition, BDS has also created countless high-paying jobs. And with continuous improvement, it will have much more to offer in the future.13We can know that BDS is the _ global navigation network in the world.AthirdBfourthCfifthDsixth14According

32、 to the passage, we can infer （推断） that _.AGPS of the US and GLONASS of Russia have 25 satellites in MEOBBDS can make the short message service work in areas like deserts or forestsCBDS might improve itself and have better influences in the futureDEuropean Union doesnt need its own navigation satell

33、ite system15What is the structure of the passage?ABCD16What is the best title of the article?AThe good points of GPSBA global navigation networkCThe popularity of BDSDThe special BDS（2023重庆大渡口统考一模）Recently, I have finished four space tasks. I stayed in space for more than 43 days, and complete six s

34、pacewalks for 43 hours and 13 minutes, so I have a lot of experience there. Today, I want to share some information unusual: what its like to eat in space.People often ask me if Tanga kind of orange drink mixis still taken in space. Dont laugh, but we still drink it. Todays space foods look like foo

35、ds were used to eating every day. Foods, like nuts or brownies, can be taken on board as much as possible. But things like macaroni or noodles would be specially prepared, then kept and packaged (打包) to stop them going everywhere. Its a difficult but necessary process. However, food on a space task

36、can be quite rich and various, cant it?The microgravity (微重力) on the space station changes things in some ways. For one thing, there is no “up” or “down” in space. It also changes how things taste. On Earth, most of your blood is usually below your heart. In space, youre weightless, so the sharing o

37、f blood in your body changes. One result is lowering your sense of taste, at least at first. This happened to me on one task. When I took sugar candy, I wasnt able to taste it until the ninth day.Food can be a real happiness in space. For us, eating is more than just getting power and energy. Famili

38、ar foods and tastes can remind us of home and keep us feeling that we still keep in touch with Earth.17What is the passage about?AEating in space.BLife in space.CExercise in space.DSleeping in space.18Who might the writer be?AA teacher.BA scientistCA police artist.DAn astronaut.19What does the under

39、lined word “various” mean in the second paragraph?ABe of much money.BBe of similar taste.CBe of different kinds.DBe of the same color.20How is the passage organized?ABCD（2023重庆南岸统考模拟预测）“Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans need, but not enough for any mans greed（贪婪）.”Mahatma GhandiWhat you ne

40、ed depends on how old you are and your way of life.If we dont need to buy so much, we dont need to work so much. We can reduce our working time from eight hours to six hours each day. Some people are leaving very well-paid jobs to live a healthier life in the countryside. This is called “downshiftin

41、g（放慢生活节奏）”. Parents can spend more time with their children and people who are looking for a job are given more opportunities to work.What was the best thing you bought last week?Were you able to choose from lots of different products? People who buy things are called consumers. Consumers have choic

42、es. We usually choose the color, taste, smell or size of what we buy, but there are other choices we can make. The following questions will help you to consider these choices.Who made it?If a friend made it, you probably like it more and you will want to keep it for a long time. If it was made by so

43、mebody who enjoyed making it, the quality and the design are probably better.What is it made from?One of the places where we want to buy expensive products is at the airports duty-free shop. There are beautifully shaped bottles and small boxes full of perfumes（香水）and creams （护肤霜）that promise to make

44、 you look good. However, if you look at the ingredients you will find that the perfumes are mainly alcohol（酒精）and the creams mainly contain petroleum（石油）.Does it have much packaging（包装）?Almost all products are sold in packaging. Some products have too much packaging, creating more rubbish and using

45、up resources. Some use recycled packaging, which is better for the environment.Next time you go shopping, think about what you really need to buy. If it is more expensive to buy goods that dont have much packaging and things that last longer, buy less. If you can choose to work less, decide which ri

46、cher. After all, _.21The writer starts the passage by _.Ashowing an example from GhandiBdescribing how greedy humans areCproviding a saying about the topicDgiving the reasons of human needs22If a man lives a “downshifting” life, he _.Acuts down his everyday working hoursBspends less time with his fa

47、milyCbecomes more well-paid than beforeDgets busier but more healthy23The best sentence to end the passage is probably “_”.Anothing is impossibleBmoney isnt everythingCgod is fairDless is more24We can infer from the passage that _.Athe writer prefers products with beautiful packaging because they wi

48、ll last longerBcolor, taste, smell and size are all that we need to think about when buying thingsCliving in the countryside isnt a good choice because you cant become richer thereDthe writer prefers a toy car made by his friend by hand to one bought on the street（2023重庆沙坪坝重庆八中校考模拟预测）Nowadays the in

49、telligent parcel lockers like Hive Box（蜂巢） started to play an important role in our life.Before the introduction of intelligent parcel lookers, although a large part of the delivery（派送）process started to use machines and technologies, last-mile delivery mainly depends on couriers（快递员）. With the incr

50、ease in the number of express orders, there are more problems such as shortage of couriers and too much work pressure. At the same time, because of different addresses and the uncertainty of the picking time as well as other reasons, the speed of couriers was very low. Whats worse, second deliveries

51、 often took place. Under such situation, intelligent parcel lockers were put into use. They greatly improve users experience and delivery speed.However, some serious problems actually impede the development of it. Thats why it doesnt develop as fast as we expect. The cost of using the lockers at the

52、 early stage is expensive. Although the free storage with no time limit once attracted a large member of users, such kind of method is not practical in the long run and has caused losses these years.Take Hive Box, the leading company as well as the owner of the Chinas largest self-service parcel loc

53、ker in this industry, as an example. In 2019, the intelligent parcel lookers of the Hive Box led to a wide-spread discussion. Because the locker put up a notice that tried to let the users pay 1 RMB to get their parcels without informing at first. On April 30, 2020, Hive Box began a membership syste

54、m. It also caused dissatisfaction.It seems that the intelligent parcel lockers industry has been exploring its way to make more money and reduce losses, but so far, there has been no perfect solution. So some actions should be taken and more studies should be done to guide it to the correct path to

55、a better development.25Whats the main idea of Paragraph 2?AHow the intelligent parcel lockers worked.BHow the intelligent parcel lockers came out.CWhat problems intelligent parcel lockers met.DWhat advantages the intelligent parcel lockers had.26The underlined word “impede” in Paragraph 3 probably m

56、eans “_”.AstopBimproveCincreaseDhelp27Why does the writer mention Hive box?ATo attract people to use Hive Box more often.BTo show Hive Box is the biggest company in the industry.CTo prove how difficultly the intelligent parcel lockers develop.DTo explain why people dont like Hive Boxs membership sys

57、tem.28According to the passage, the future of the intelligent parcel lockers is _.AdifferentBhopelessCworryingDbetter（2023重庆沙坪坝重庆一中校考三模）For most people, its common to choose the sports that are safe and fun. However, for some people, they would like to join in dangerous sports events to look for exc

58、itement and happiness through risks. Scientists are interested in the reasons why some people like taking part in risky sports. When they studied people who were learning to jump from a plane with a parachute, they found that the parachutists bodies produced two kinds of hormones（激素）, just before th

59、ey made their jump. These hormones help to prepare us for any sudden activity. The first hormone increases the heart beat and provides more sugar for our body, while the second one makes us react more quickly. It also sends energy to a part of the brain which controls feelings of pleasure. Another p

60、ossible reason is the level of excitement in part of the brain. Scientists say the brain tries to manage a certain level of excitement. They believe that people who have a low level of excitement look for new experiences in order to fire themselves with excitement, but people who have a high level t

61、ry to avoid risks in order not to become overexcited. If the scientists are right, people with a low excitement level are the ones who enjoy dangerous sports and activities. We have known the reasons now, but how can we know whether we like risky sports or not? Maybe we can find the answers from the

62、 reasons. It is thought that people with low levels of excitement have a slower-reacting nervous system than people with higher levels. So it may be possible to find out your level of excitement by testing your nervous system. A quick way of doing this is to put some lemon juice on your tongue in yo

63、ur mouth. If you produce a lot of saliva, your nervous system has been influenced by the lemon and so you probably have a high level of excitement. If you produce little saliva, you probably have a low excitement level. If you have a low level, you might enjoy risky sports.29According to the passage

64、, we can learn that _.Apeople will produce two kinds of hormones before making their jumpBthe first hormone helps to slow down the heart beat and provides less sugarCpeople with a high level of excitement try to take risks instead of avoiding risksDthe second hormone can only send energy to the brai

65、n that controls happy feelings30The underlined word “saliva” in Paragraph 6 probably means _.A汗水B泪水C营养D唾液31The writers main purpose in writing the passage is to _.Awarn people not to try parachuting to test themselvesBtell us why some people join the dangerous sports and how to test ourselvesCshare

66、the stories of the people who like taking part in the risky sportsDencourage us to be a person who has a high level of excitement32The mind-map of this passage may be _.ABCD（2023重庆沙坪坝重庆南开中学校考二模）Scientists know that our weight, mental health and blood pressure are connected to our sleep habits. So ar

67、e your grades a new study finds. It showed that sleep caused nearly one-fourth of the difference among students grades in a class. And sleep habits seemed to have a bigger influence on boys. Jeffrey Grossman, a scientist at the Massachusetts University wanted to study sleep in the real conditions. T

68、o find out if sleep connects performance in exams, his team turned to Fitbits wrist bands (手环) which can follow how long people sleep and how often they wake up. The high technology product helps his study. The researchers invited 100 around 18-year-old students. Each got a Fitbit to wear all term l

69、ong. At the end of the term, the researchers checked the students sleep data (数据) and then compared it with the students test scores. They got to know the importance of sleep for students. The researchers found that teens who woke up very often during the night were likely to perform poorly. The sam

70、e went for those who didnt get enough sleep. But how much someone slept the night before an exam had nothing to do with the persons grade. So, is staying up late studying before the big test OK? No! Thats because there was another thing: consistency of sleep a week and even a month before an exam. T

71、hat means a student who sleeps 7 hours every night will do better than a student who sleeps 7.5 hours one night and 6.5 another night. Sleep hours, quality and consistency together caused 24.4% of the difference among the students test grades. Whats more, they are especially important for boys. The

72、researchers are not sure why. But they found a boy who didnt get good sleep might do worse in an exam than a girl who had the similar sleep quality. According to the process and results of the research, helping students get more sleep partly depends on schools starting their days later. But more imp

73、ortantly, students themselves must have a clear idea of the importance of good sleep. That may require getting more sleep and cutting down late evening use of phones and other screens. Even if you have plenty of after-school activities, schoolwork and a social life, you still need to get your sleep.

74、33The underlined word “consistency” in Paragraph 4 probably means “_”.Abehaving in a short timeBbehaving in the same wayCbehaving in the right orderDbehaving in different forms34According to the passage, we can infer (推断) that _.Astudents with different quality of sleep have no difference in gradesB

75、students who sleep for more hours before the exam must have higher gradesCstudents should play an active part in developing good sleeping habitsDstudents staying up before a big exam cant make a good result in grades35The structure of the passage is _.ABCD36Which of the following can be the best tit

76、le for the passage?AIs Sleep Quality Important?BDoes Sleep Influence Grades?CIs 7.5 Hours of Sleep Enough?DDoes Sleep Depend on Schoolwork?（2023重庆江北校考三模）You probably have noticed it: Chongqings population has been aging fast. According to Chinas latest national census (人口普查), up to 23.4 percent of t

77、he citys residents (居民) are aged over 60. This number is expected to grow even further in the coming years. Chongqing is not alone. Many other cities around the world have been experiencing this same problem for some time now. Some people are worried about this. The elderly, they say, do very little

78、 for the nations economy (经济). The government, however, has to give them lots of retirement benefits (退休福利). But a recent survey shows that many people agree there are some positives to having an aging population. With an aging population, younger people will have more chances to meet seniors in the

79、ir daily lives. With age comes wisdom. Through usual communication, the elderly can bring a wealth of a useful life lessons to younger people. The young, at the same time, are given chances to see things from a completely different perspective (视角). Besides, in many cultures, its normal for elderly

80、parents to live with their children under the same roof. Their children may have already reached adulthood, but these gray-haired men and women continue to play an important role in their development. In some families, the elderly are taking care of their grandchildren. Its reported that half of all

81、 the children in Chinas cities live with their grandparents and are raised under their guidance. Thanks to this free childcare, working parents can contribute more to the economy. An aging population is often considered to be a headache. But perhaps it can be argued that there are also some benefits

82、 to it.37The problem in paragraph 1 is that _.Athe population is larger and larger in ChinaBthe population of older people increasesCthe population is smaller and smaller in ChinaDthe population of younger people increases38Some people are worried about the problem because they think _.Athe elderly

83、give less but receive moreBthe elderly are not as wise as the youngCthe elderly dont share the family responsibilitiesDthe elderly cant be taken good care of39Which of the following mind map is right for this passage?ABCD40After reading this passage, which of the following questions can be answered?

84、AWhat has caused an aging population?BHow can we solve the aging problem?CWhy isnt an aging population that bad?DWhat do the experts advise us to do?（2023重庆九龙坡重庆实验外国语学校校考三模）It might be strange to wear clothes made out of plastic bottles. But in fact, some clothing companies are already making clothe

85、s like these. Fashion brand JUMA（服装品牌竺玛）recently showed its newest series of clothes in Shanghai. Eighteen clothing items, including jackets, shirts and dresses, were made from recycled plastic bottles. “We realized that billions of plastic bottles were being thrown into landfills（垃圾填埋场）and oceans e

86、very year and that these bottles take hundreds of years to break down. We thought we should use them to create our clothes and protect the environment, ” said Alia Juma, the companys design director. How does JUMA turn plastic bottles into beautiful clothes? The process is rather simple. First, the

87、plastic bottles are washed and cut into small pieces. Then they are melted（熔化）and shaped into small balls. The balls are melted again to form thread（线）. People can then use the thread to make different kinds of clothes. Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottle

88、s. But according to Causeartist, a website that focuses on innovation（创新）, clothes made from plastics could be even better than those made of nylon（尼龙）and polyester（聚酯纤维）. Plastic thread can be made into different materials, such as cotton, silk, or even wool. According to Juma, it takes 67, 000 bot

89、tles to create 1 ton of thread. This reduces carbon emissions（碳排放）by 4.2 tons and water use by 6.2 tons compared with the normal way of making thread. “Five bottles can make a shirt, 10 a dress, and 20 a short coat,” Juma said. With more companies understanding what it means to use plastic bottles t

90、o make clothes, there will hopefully be less waste in the future. It seems that this innovation may lead to a greener future of fashion.41Why did JUMA make clothes out of plastic bottles? ATo create a new fashion brand.BTo meet the needs of their new designs.CTo compete with other fashion companies.

91、DTo recycle plastic bottles and protect the environment.42According to Para.3, how are plastic bottles turned into clothes?Ae-d-c-b-aBa-b-d-c-eCb-d-c-e-aDa-d-c-b-e43According to the passage, complete the mind map and fill the blanks 14 with proper words _ . Areason；doubt；process；influenceBreason；inf

92、luence；doubt；processCreason；process；doubt；influenceDdoubt；process；influence；reason44What does the last paragraph suggest? AGreen might be the most common color in the fashion industry.BThe future of fashion will see more different materials.CThe prices of the clothes made out of plastic bottles will

93、 rise.DMore companies might find similar ways to save our environment.（2023重庆永川统考一模）If people around you have had a fever recently, it may not be COVID-19. Its reported that many places in China have entered into the peak (高峰) period for seasonal (季节性的) flu. Influenza A (甲流) is sweeping across the c

94、ountry. In the past three years, people did things to prevent COVID-19 from spreading, which also prevented the spreading of flu. Thus, peoples immunity (免疫力) to the flu went down. Besides, the flu and COVID-19 are different viruses, so getting COVID-19 does not protect you from getting the flu, sai

95、d Wu Zunyou from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. How is the virus spread?Through coughs or sneezes (喷嚏).The viruses go into the air. If someone nearby breathes them in, they could get sick.How to recover?Most people dont need to take medicine. The symptoms can go away after 3

96、to 7 days. But if the fever doesnt go down after three days, go to see a doctor.45According to the passage, which one is not mentioned (被提及) about the Symptoms of influenza A?AHaving a cough.BHaving a headache.CHaving a fever above 38.DHaving a toothache.46If the fever doesnt go down after three day

97、s, you should _.Astay at homeBgo to see a doctorCtake the medicine by yourselvesDtake a hot shower47From the passage, we can infer (推断) that _.Athe flu and COVID-19 are different virusesBalthough influenza A is spreading around China, we have ways to prevent itChe/she will go back to school in 24 ho

98、urs if a student catches the fluDif you have had a fever recently, it must be COVID-1948You may read the passage in a/an _.AnewspaperBstoryCart magazineDsports magazine（2023重庆沙坪坝重庆八中校考三模）Electric vehicles (电动汽车) or EVs recently have won peoples rising love. Every year, technological improvements, es

99、pecially lithium-ion battery (锂电池), make EVs rather than gas cars become more peoples first choice.In a video about cars, Mueller, an expert in studying cars, researches into the history of electric cars and explains why they are the future of cars. He writes: I drive an electric car. I think electr

100、ic cars are the future, because they are better cars. They have better torque (扭转力), acceleration (加速) and better control.Best of all, you never have to visit a gas station this attracts most people. Every morning your car is charged (充电) and ready to go. And if you are worried about miles they can

101、cover (行驶), thats not necessary. Almost all trips can be done in an EV with a proper battery. And fast chargers along the way make it possible to do longer road trips if necessary. You have to rest at some stops anyway, just getting your car charged itself. Whats more, battery tech is getting cheape

102、r, smaller and lighter.Besides, its clean technology: a traditional gas car causes more than twice as carbon (碳) pollution as an EV. Even in places that get almost all of their electricity from burning coal, an EV still pollutes less than a typical traditional gas car. Supposing a 10-year service li

103、fe, a traditional car will let out 66,000 pounds more carbon pollution than an electric vehicle.Human science technology is always moving forward. However, some challenges still remain about EVs, such as the set of charging stop, the over cost of electricity, battery life and so on. According to the

104、 present situation of EVs, scientists and researchers need to have a careful look and study on it further.49_ have been more and more popular among people.AEVsBGas carsCRace carsDTraditional cars50From the passage, we can infer that _.Aelectric cars can cover more miles than gas carsBpeople worry mo

105、st about how electric cars are chargedCMueller believes electric cars may be widely used in the futureDelectric cars can cause zero pollution to the environment51Read the passage and complete the mind map.APara. 2 & 3: ReasonsPara. 4 & 5: ProblemsBPara. 2, 3 & 4: ReasonsPara. 5: Problems

106、CPara. 2 & 3: WaysPara. 4 & 5: PurposesDPara. 2, 3 & 4: WaysPara. 5: Purposes52Which one might be the best title of this passage?AThe Use of EVs in the FutureBEVs Made, Environment ProtectedCEVs Shape Our WorldDEVs: The Future of Cars（2023重庆长寿校联考一模）ChatGPT is back in the headlines（新闻头条）!

107、 OpenAI, the company behind the popular chatbot, has now introduced a powerful new language model: GPT-4.On March 14, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous GPT-3.5. One of its best new features（特点）is that it can understand pictures. For example, if you show a picture of a phone

108、using the wrong charger（充电器）, GPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny.But GPT-4s developments dont stop there. The new language model can code（用代码编写）classic games like Tetris（俄罗斯方块）in few minutes, and produce the code and layout（布局）for a website based on a hand-made drawing. It can als

109、o change the tone（语气）and style based on what you ask it to do. GPT-4 is much better than the older GPT at passing tests, which may worry teachers. According to CNN, GPT-4 did really well on a law school test, with a score in the top 10 percent of test takers. But GPT-3.5 only got a score in the bott

110、om 10 percent.GPT-4 will also power other apps and services. For example, the language learning app Duolingo plans to use GPT-4 in their upcoming（即将到来的）Duolingo Max function（功能）. Users can learn language by talking with AI. Another app, Be My Eyes, will have a digital assistant（数字助手）to help blind pe

111、ople better understand the world around them. The government of Iceland also plans to use GPT-4 to protect the Icelandic language.There are still problems with the new language model, however. GPT-4 still struggles to get completely correct answers, which is really a big problem. GPT-4 also sometime

112、s “hallucinates（产生幻觉）”, meaning that it will insist that wrong information is true.53What can we infer from Paragraph 2?AGPT-3.5 cannot understand pictures.BGPT-4 can tell funny stories.CGPT-4 can tell why the picture looks strange or funny.DGPT-4 can create funny pictures.54According to the passage

113、, which of the following is NOT TRUE?AGPT-4 can code（用代码编写）classic games like Tetris in a few minutes.BGPT-4 can be used to power other apps.CThe government of Iceland plans to use GPT-4 to protect the Icelandic language.DThe new language model, GPT-4 is totally perfect without any problems.55The un

114、derlined word “struggle” in the last paragraph probably means “_”.AcreateBtry hardChelpDcause56Which of the following shows the right structure of the passage?ABCD（2023重庆北碚西南大学附中校考三模）Corals (珊瑚) can produce CaCO3 under their bodies. This turns into hard, rock-like reefs which become homes to 25 perc

115、ent of all sea life. What if our homes can also naturally grow, just like reefs? US company Biomason produces a new kind of concrete (混擬土) called Biolith, using bacteria that can make CaCO3. They first mixed sand and bacteria in a mould (模具), and then added nutrient solution (培养液) to keep the bacter

116、ia alive. Five days later the Biolith bricks “grew up” and were ready to use. Thats much faster than producing traditional concrete, which requires about 28 days. According to the company, this method can greatly cut down carbon emissions in the building industry. Traditional concrete is made of sma

117、ll stones. The stones are heated to temperatures greater than 1, 300C, during which carbon dioxide comes out. A company, McKinsey & Company, reported that the concrete production industry accounts for 4.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Biolith, however, doesnt need heating so its mo

118、re environmentally friendly. The company plans to reduce 25 percent of carbon emissions from the concrete industry by 2030. There are other similar technologies, but they are not in production yet. The University of Colorado in the US is studying a living, recyclable building material using cyanobac

119、teria (蓝藻细菌). It can use CO2 and sunlight to grow and help get carbon. NASA is trying to grow buildings out of fungi (菌类) on the Moon and Mars, which may lead to more sustainable ways of living on the Earth.57What are the steps of making Biolith? a. Put the mixture in a mould.b. The bricks grow up.

120、c. Add nutrient solution.d. Mix sand and bacteria. AabcdBaedbCdcabDdacb58Why is Biolith greener than traditional concrete?ABecause the growth of Biolith is faster.BBecause Biolith doesnt have the process of heating.CBecause producing Biolith gives off carbon dioxide in the air.DBecause the growth of

121、 Biolith doesnt give out any heat.59Whats the structure of the story?ABCD60Whats the main idea of the passage?ANew technologies make it possible to live on the moon.BCorals are homes to all sea life.CResearchers use bacteria to “grow” houses.DUS company thinks of ways to make nutrient solution.参考答案：

122、1B 2C 3B 4D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了基因与朋友之间的关系。1细节理解题。根据“They found that friends have 1% of genes that match.”可知，研究发现朋友有1%的基因匹配。故选B。2推理判断题。根据“So do you happen to become friends with people who share your genes? Not at all. In fact, it is evolution that brings you together.”可知，事实上，是进化让你们走到了一起。所以第五段列举古人的例子是为

123、了证明是进化使朋友聚在一起，故选C。3细节理解题。根据“Among all the genes studied, those producing a change in sense of smell were the most similar in friends. This is probably because people who smell things in the same way are more easily drawn to similar environments. For example, people who like the smell of coffee may h

124、ang out at cafes more often and as a result are more likely to meet and become friends with each other.”可知，正确的关系为：相同的基因发展相同的技能和爱好成为朋友，故选B。4标题归纳题。根据“A study has found that you and your friends have more genes in common than strangers do.”可知，根据分数的目的制作应用程序，新应用程序的最佳名称应该是“基因之友”，故选D。5C 6B 7D 8D【导语】本文主要讲述了

125、最近的一项研究发现，人和狗之间的联系可能对狗很重要。5细节理解题。根据第三段“Each kid was asked to walk around the room, sometimes pausing or changing direction.” 可知，在Udell的研究中，孩子们被要求在房间里走动。故选C。6段落大意题。根据第四段“But then they found that most of the time, the dogs didnt do any of these things.When the kid turned and changed direction, so did

126、the dog.”可知，第四段主要讲述的是这项研究的发现。故选B。7推理判断题。根据第五段“The kid may play a brother or sister role in the life of the dog,”可知，孩子可能在狗的生活中扮演兄弟姐妹的角色，说明人类与狗的关系对狗很重要，选项D“这些纽带对狗很重要”符合语境。故选D。8 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Udell thinks that the animal-human bond spread to them as well.” 可知，Udell认为动物与人类的关系也会传播到其他种类的宠物身上，可推测动物与人的关系对其他动

127、物来说可能是真的。故选D。9B 10C 11B 12D【导语】本文主要介绍了”付费知识”行业的发展和影响，并告诉我们选择最适合你的才是最好的。9细节理解题。根据“First, its development is based on the Internet. . Second, people are afraid to miss any information. . Moreover, the need to learn new skills in todays job market also pushes people to learn on such educational podcast

128、s.”可知，原因有三个：第一，它的发展是基于互联网的；第二，人们害怕错过任何信息；第三，如今的就业市场需要学习新技能，这也促使人们在这样的教育播客上学习，不包括“传统的教育体系不起作用”这一点。故选B。10细节理解题。根据“The industry of pay-for-knowledge has proved to be a great way of making money. . It is good for the development of our country and it can help sellers make lots of money. .”可知，本段是介绍“知识付费产

129、业”的优势。故选C。11篇章结构题。本文第一段是引出“知识付费”这个产业；第二段介绍其流行的原因；第三段介绍其优势；第四段介绍其带来的问题；第五段是总结。所以本文的结构是总分分总。故选B。12最佳标题。根据“Pay-for-knowledge may be used as a good start for self-growth. But be careful when you make a choice, or your dream of success may not come true.”可知，“知识付费”虽然有很多优势，但也要慎重选择，选项D“明智选择知识付费产品”符合题意。故选D。1

130、3B 14C 15A 16D【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了中国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统成为在美国，俄罗斯及欧盟伽利略后第四个全球卫星导航系统。文章还描述了北斗卫星导航系统的诸多优点和意义。13细节理解题。根据“China has completed its BeiDou Navigation Satellite System, or BDS, becoming another one in the world with a global navigation network （全球导航网络）, and the other three are GPS of the US, GLONASS

131、 of Russia and Galileo of the European Union.”（中国已建成北斗卫星导航系统，成为世界上又一个拥有全球导航网络的北斗系统，另外三个分别是美国的GPS、俄罗斯的GLONASS和欧盟的伽利略）可知，北斗系统是世界范围内的第四个全球导航网络。故选B。14细节理解题。根据“BDS has also created countless high-paying jobs. And with continuous improvement, it will have much more to offer in the future.”（北斗系统还创造了无数高薪工作岗

132、位。随着不断的改进，它将在未来提供更多的东西。）可知，北斗系统可能会不断完善，在未来产生更好的影响，故选C。15篇章结构题。第一段是讲述中国自主研发的北斗卫星导航系统成为在美国，俄罗斯及欧盟伽利略后第四个全球卫星导航系统；第二段总述北斗卫星导航系统有特殊的地方；第三、四、五、六段详细介绍了其优点。故选A。16最佳标题。本文主要介绍了北斗卫星系统，故选D。17A 18D 19C 20B【导语】本文主要介绍了在太空吃东西的感觉。17主旨大意题。根据“Today, I want to share some information unusual: what its like to eat in sp

133、ace.”可知本文主要介绍了在太空吃东西的感觉。故选A。18推理判断题。根据“Recently, I have finished four space tasks”可知，在太空执行任务的应是宇航员，故选D。19词义猜测题。根据“owever, food on a space task can be quite rich and various”可知太空任务中的食物可能非常丰富多样，故此处划线部分意为“各种各样的”。故选C。20篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第段总领全文，引起读者的兴趣；段介绍了太空中的食物、吃食物的感觉以及背后的科学知识；最后一段以作者的感悟结束，照应第一段。所以文章是总分总结构。

134、故选B。21C 22A 23D 24D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要告诉人们要合理消费，保护环境，需求不能太贪婪。21细节理解题。根据文章一开始的“Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans need, but not enough for any mans greed (贪婪).” Mahatma Ghandi”可知，是用Mahatma Ghandi的一句话来引出本文的，C项“提供关于主题的一句话”符合题意，故选C。22细节理解题。根据“We can reduce our working time from eight hours to six h

135、ours each day. Some people are leaving very well-paid jobs to live a healthier life in the countryside. This is called “downshifting (放慢生活节奏)”. Parents can spend more time with their children and people who are looking for a job are given more opportunities to work.”可知，如果一个人过起了慢节奏的生活，他每天的工作时间会较少；会离开

136、高薪工作，到农村过上更健康的生活；会有更多的时间陪伴孩子。A项“减少他每天的工作时间”符合题意，故选A。23推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Next time you go shopping, think about what you really need to buy. If it is more expensive to buy goods that dont have much packaging and things that last longer, buy less. If you can choose to work less, decide which richer.”可知，核

137、心是：less。再结合上文内容可知，“less is more少即是多”符合题意，故选D。24推理判断题。根据“If a friend made it, you probably like it more and you will want to keep it for a long time.”可知，如果是朋友做的东西，你可能会更喜欢它，会想把它保存很长时间。由此可推断D项“比起在街上买的玩具车，作者更喜欢朋友亲手做的玩具车”符合题意，故选D。25B 26A 27C 28D【导语】本文主要介绍了智能包裹柜的发展过程和未来。25段落大意题。根据“Under such situation, in

138、telligent parcel lockers were put into use. They greatly improve users experience and delivery speed.”以及前面陈述的问题可知，这一段主要说的是智能包裹柜是如何问世的。故选B。26词义猜测题。根据“However, some serious problems actually impede the development of it. Thats why it doesnt develop as fast as we expect.”可知，智能包裹柜的发展没有我们预期中那么快，是因为有一些严重的

139、问题阻碍了它的发展。故推测划线词意为“阻碍”。故选A。27推理判断题。根据“In 2019, the intelligent parcel lookers of the Hive Box led to a wide-spread discussion. Because the locker put up a notice that tried to let the users pay 1 RMB to get their parcels without informing at first. On April 30, 2020, Hive Box began a membership syst

140、em. It also caused dissatisfaction.”可知，这些都是蜂巢使用过程中出现在的问题，因此举蜂巢的例子是为了来证明智能包裹柜的发展有多艰难。故选C。28推理判断题。根据“some actions should be taken and more studies should be done to guide it to the correct path to a better development.”可知应该采取一些行动，做更多的研究，引导它走上更好发展的正确道路。由此推测智能包裹柜的未来是更好的。故选D。29A 30D 31B 32C【导语】本文告诉我们为什么有

141、些人参加危险的运动，以及如何测试自己是否喜欢冒险运动。29细节理解题。根据“they found that the parachutists bodies produced two kinds of hormones（激素）, just before they made their jump”可知人们在跳跃前会产生两种激素。故选A。30词义猜测题。根据“A quick way of doing this is to put some lemon juice on your tongue in your mouth. If you produce a lot of saliva, your ne

142、rvous system has been influenced by the lemon”可知在舌头上放一些柠檬汁，会产生很多唾液，故此处划线部分意为“唾液”。故选D。31主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文告诉我们为什么有些人参加危险的运动，以及如何测试自己是否喜欢冒险运动。故选B。32篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出话题很多人喜欢冒险运动；第二段引出科学家对此很感兴趣；第三段和第四段介绍了有些人参加危险运动的原因；第五段和第六段介绍了如何测试自己是否喜欢冒险运动，故选项C符合文章结构。故选C。33B 34C 35A 36B【导语】本文主要介绍了根据一位科学家的调查研究表明睡眠与学生的成绩之

143、间有关系。33词义猜测题。根据第四段“That means a student who sleeps 7 hours every night will do better than a student who sleeps 7.5 hours one night and 6.5 another night.”可知，平均每晚睡眠时间差不多的学生比一会儿多睡一会儿晚睡的好，故划线部分与睡眠时间“一致”有关，即用同一种方式做事情。故选B。34推理判断题。根据第六段“But more importantly, students themselves must have a clear idea of

144、the importance . need to get your sleep.”可知，睡眠对于学生来说是非常重要的，故可推知C项“学生应该积极培育自己良好的睡眠习惯”符合文章想表达的思想。故选C。35篇章结构题。第一段提出睡眠对于学生成绩存在影响；第二段和第三段讲述一位科学家就此进行了调查研究；第四段和第五段讲述了该项研究的结果；第六段总结睡眠的重要性，故选项A符合文章结构。故选A。36最佳标题题。根据文章主要讲述的可知，根据一位科学家的调查研究表明睡眠与学生的成绩之间有关系。故B项“睡眠会影响成绩吗”符合文章大意。故选B。37B 38A 39B 40C【导语】本文主要介绍了人口老龄化积极的

145、一些方面。37细节理解题。根据“According to Chinas latest national census (人口普查), up to 23.4 percent of the citys residents (居民) are aged over 60. This number is expected to grow even further in the coming years.”（根据中国最新的全国人口普查，高达23.4%的城市居民年龄在60岁以上。预计这一数字在未来几年还会进一步增长。）可知第1段的问题是老年人口在增加。故选B。38细节理解题。根据“Some people ar

146、e worried about this. The elderly, they say, do very little for the nations economy (经济). The government, however, has to give them lots of retirement benefits (退休福利). ”可知有些人担心这个问题，因为他们认为老年人付出的少，得到的却多。故选A。39推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文的中心思想是人口老龄化。结合“But a recent survey shows that many people agree there are some

147、 positives to having an aging population.”（但最近的一项调查显示，许多人都认为人口老龄化有一些积极的一面。）以及第三段和第四段的内容可知，文章讲述了人口老龄化两个积极方面；第二段讲述了人口老龄化消极方面。所以B选项图片最符合，故选B。40推理判断题。根据“With an aging population, younger people will have more chances to meet seniors in their daily lives.”（随着人口老龄化，年轻人将有更多的机会在日常生活中遇到老年人。）以及“Besides, in ma

148、ny cultures, its normal for elderly parents to live with their children under the same roof.”（此外，在许多文化中，年迈的父母和孩子住在同一个屋檐下是很正常的。）结合选项可知，本文可以回答C选项“为什么人口老龄化没有那么糟糕呢？”故选C。41D 42D 43C 44D【导语】本文主要介绍了一些服装公司正在使用回收塑料瓶制作衣服的事实，并介绍了这样做的目的是为了保护环境。41细节理解题。根据第三段“We thought we should use them to create our clothes an

149、d protect the environment,”可知JUMA用塑料瓶做衣服是为了保护环境, 故选D。42细节理解题。根据第四段“ First, the plastic bottles .different kinds of clothes. ”可知首先, 塑料瓶被清洗并切成小块，然后将它们熔化, 并形成球状，将球再次熔化, 形成线，人们用这些线制作不同种类的衣服，结合图片, 可知正确的顺序为a-d-c-b-e, 故选D。43推理判断题。根据第三段“We thought we should use them to create our clothes and protect the env

150、ironment,”可知这是阐述原因；根据第四段“How does JUMA turn plastic bottles into beautiful clothes?”可知接下来介绍制作过程；根据第五段“Some people might have doubts about wearing something made out of plastic bottles.”可知接下来有些人会发出疑问；结合最后一段“With more companies.future of fashion.” 可知说明了使用塑料瓶制作衣服的意义与影响, 故选C。44推理判断题。通读最后一段可推测出未来更多的公司会找到

151、类似的方法来拯救我们的环境, 故选D。45D 46B 47B 48A【导语】本文是关于甲流病毒的科普文章，主要介绍了其症状、治疗及预防等。45细节理解题。根据“Symptoms of influenza A: Cough Fever above 38 Headache Sore throat”可知牙痛不是甲流的症状。故选D。46细节理解题。根据“But if the fever doesnt go down after three days, go to see a doctor.”可知三天不退烧应该看医生。故选B。47推理判断题。根据“How to prevent it?”这一部分的内容主要

152、介绍预防甲流的方法，可推出虽然甲流正在中国各地蔓延，但我们有办法预防。故选B。48推理判断题。本文是关于甲流病毒的科普文章，主要介绍了其症状、治疗及预防等。可推出可能在报纸上读到。故选A。49A 50C 51B 52D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车的理由以及电动汽车可能存在的问题。49细节理解题。根据第一段“Electric vehicles (电动汽车) or EVs recently have won peoples rising love. Every year, technological improvements, especially lithiu

153、m-ion battery (锂电池), make EVs rather than gas cars become more peoples first choice.”可知，电动汽车越来越受人们的欢迎。故选A。50推理判断题。根据第二段中的“In a video about cars, Mueller, an expert in studying cars, researches into the history of electric cars and explains why they are the future of cars. He writes: I drive an elect

154、ric car. I think electric cars are the future, because they are better cars.”可知，Mueller认为未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车，所以可推断出：电动汽车将来可能会被广泛使用。故选C。51篇章结构题。根据第二段中的“In a video about cars, Mueller, an expert in studying cars, researches into the history of electric cars and explains why they are the future of cars.”及“I

155、 think electric cars are the future, because they are better cars.”可知，第二段主要解释了未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车的理由之一，对应导图中的“better cars”；根据第三段中的高频词“charge”“battery”以及最后一句“battery tech is getting cheaper, smaller and lighter.”可知，第三段主要解释了未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车的理由之二，对应导图中的“better battery technology”；据第四段中的“Besides, its clean tec

156、hnology: a traditional gas car causes more than twice as carbon (碳) pollution as an EV.”可知，第四段主要解释了未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车的理由之三，对应导图中的“greener technology”。所以处应填：Para. 2, 3 & 4: Reasons。根据第五段中的“However, some challenges still remain about EVs, such as the set of charging stop, the over cost of electricity,

157、 battery life and so on.”可知，电动汽车仍存在一些问题，所以处应填：Para. 5: Problems。故选B。52最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了未来的汽车世界将属于电动汽车的理由以及电动汽车可能存在的问题。D项“电动汽车：汽车的未来”符合，故选D。53A 54D 55B 56D【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了GPT-4的一些强大功能及仍然存在的问题。53推理判断题。根据“On March 14, GPT-4 showed the world how smarter it is than the previous GPT- 3.5. One of its

158、best new features is that it can understand pictures.”可知GPT-4可以理解图片，比GPT- 3.5要智能，即GPT- 3.5不能理解图片。故选A。54细节理解题。根据最后一段“There are still problems with the new language model, however.”可知，GPT-4并非那么完美，仍然有不足之处。故选D。55词义猜测题。根据最后一段“There are still problems with the new language model, however”以及“.to get comple

159、tely correct answers, which is really a big problem”可知，前一句整体陈述GPT-4的不足现状，后一句列举详细的问题，比如获得完全正确的答案对于它来说是一个问题，表示获取完全正确的答案不容易。结合选项，try hard符合语境。故选B。56篇章结构题。第一段提出话题GPT-4，第二三四段介绍GPT-4的强大功能；最后一段表明GPT-4还存在一些问题，故最好的划分方式是/。故选D。57D 58B 59C 60C【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人们受珊瑚的启示利用现代技术制造可以自然生长的建筑材料。57细节理解题。根据“They first m

160、ixed sand and bacteria in a mould, and then added nutrient solution to keep the bacteria alive. Five days later the Biolith bricks “grew up” and were ready to use.”可知制造生物石，首先把沙子和能制造碳酸钙的细菌混合在一个模具里，然后加培养液保持细菌存活，五天后生物石长大备用，故选D。58细节理解题。根据“Traditional concrete is made of small stones. The stones are heat

161、ed to temperatures greater than 1, 300C, during which carbon dioxide comes out. A company, McKinsey & Company, reported that the concrete production industry accounts for 4.5 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. Biolith, however, doesnt need heating so its more environmentally friendly.”可知传统的混凝土由小石头制成，需要加热1300C以上，在这个过程中会产生大量二氧化碳，而生物石不需要加热，故选B。59篇章结构题。根据文章可知，第一段提出问题，第二、三段介绍了一个解决问题的技术，第四段介绍了解决问题的其它尚未投产的技术，故选C。60主旨大意题。根据全文可知文章介绍了利用现代技术制造可以自然生长的建筑材料，故选C。