专题08 字母C词汇 语法精选宾语从句用法 中考题型套餐（解析版）.docx

1、 第三讲 词汇(字母C)、语法精选（宾语从句）、题型套餐 （选词填空+改写句子） 词汇打卡 读一读 背一背 (带号为2023年上海中考新增词汇)单词音标词性中文1cabbagekbdn.卷心菜；洋白菜2calmkmadj.镇静的；沉着的3Canadianknedinadj n.加拿大的;加拿大人4cancelknslv.取消5capitalkptln.首都；省会；大写；资本6cartoonktunn动画片；漫画7causekzn. vt.起因;促使；引起；使发生8ceilingsiln.天花板；顶棚9celebrateselbretv.庆祝10certainlystnliadv当然；是的；一定

2、；无疑11changetendn. v.零钱；改变，变化；更换；兑换12changeabletendbladj易变的；变化无常的13chargetdn主管，掌管14charitytrtin慈善15cheert(r)n.&vi.欢呼；喝彩16chemistrykemstrin.化学17childhoodtaldhdn.幼年时代，童年18choicetsn.选择；抉择19citizenstznn公民；居民；市民20createkrietvt.创造；造成21convenientknvinjntadj便利的；方便的22collectionkleknn收集23comfortablekmftbla.舒服的

3、；安逸的24cruelkrula.残酷的；无情的25central sentrladj中心的，中央的26characteristickrktrstkn.特征，特点27chore t(r) n.家务活；日常事务28classicklsk adj/n经典的；经典作品29cooperate kpretv.合作；配合30courage krdn.勇气 想一想 写一写根据句意用所给单词的适当词性填空 1. The policeman dealt with the car accident _. (calm)2. We went _in the Oriental Land. (camp)3. Be ver

4、y _with the chemicals, because they can be dangerous if they arent handled properly. (care)4. Sometimes women are forced to make a _ between family and career. (choose)5. We all want the environment to be _ than before but who is going to protect it? (clean)6. A stamp _ is someone who collects stamp

5、s as a hobby. (collect)7. Please give her my _ when you see her. (congratulation)8.Many people are _ about new ways of measuring temperatures. (confuse)9.Last night, he was caught in heavy rain and the whole body was _ wet. (complete)10.They do a lot of business with foreign _. (company)11.The hotel

6、 was _ with the station by a walkway. (connect)12.Designers _ new dress styles for ladies every season all over the world. (creative) 13.To our great joy, he got first prize in the swimming _. (compete)14. I feel _that our school football team will win the match. (confidence) 15. The weather in Apri

7、l is _, so youd better take more clothes with you. (change) 【答案】1.calmly 2.camping 3.careful 4.choice 5.cleaner 6.collector 7.congratulations 8.confusedpletely panies 11.connected 12.create petition 14.confident 15.changeable语法专题 语法精选：宾语从句连接词1. 根据语义及语法成分确定连接词: when, where, why, whether/if, how, who,

8、 whom等。2. 从句成分齐全时可用that连接，或省略。1. Tom cant decide which sweater he should buy.2. I dont know if/ whether my father will come back tomorrow.3. We all know that is the right answer.4.We all know (that) the sun rises in the east.时态1. 考点:句型转换2. 如果主句谓语动词为一般现在时,宾语从句谓语动词该用哪种时态就用哪种时态。3. 如果主句谓语动词为一般过去时,宾语从句谓语

9、动词使用相应的过去时态.4. 如果从句说明的是客观真理或科学事实时,不管主句是何种时态,都用一般现在时.5. 当主句是could you表示婉转的语气,从句的时态无需受主句的影响而发生变化1. Do you know when we are going to Beijing?2. He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.3. Lucy says that Lily is listening to the music. Lucy said that Lily was listening to the music.4. Lucy says t

10、hat Lily will go home. Lucy said that Lily would go home.5. Lucy says that Lily gets up at six. Lucy said that Lily got up at six.6. Lucy says that Lily has never been to Guangzhou. Lucy said that Lily had never been to Guangzhou.7. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun.8. Could yo

11、u tell me if it is going to rain tomorrow?9. Could you tell me whom the radio was invented by?语序从句以特殊疑问词开头时,疑问词后语序正装Excuse me, could you tell me where I can change money?直接引语与间接引语1. 考点：句型转换2. 人称变化要合逻辑3. 时态变化要符合以上时态用法要求1. I dont know what I should do with the letter.= I dont know what to do with the

12、letter.2. Jacks mother asked him, “Have you packed your things?”= Jacks mother asked him if he had packed his things.3. She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”= She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.4. She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?”= She asked me when they ha

13、d their dinner. 即学即练1.（2022上海中考真题） “When will we go to the VR experience center?” I asked the tour guide.（改为间接引语）I asked the tour guide _ we _ go to the VR experience centre.【答案】 . when . would【解析】【详解】句意：“我们什么时候去VR体验中心？”我问导游。改为间接引语，可用when引导宾语从句，从句使用陈述语序，遵循“主过从必过”原则。根据“When will we go to the VR exper

14、ience center?”可知，去VR体验中心发生在将来，结合“asked”可知，主句时态是一般过去时，从句应为过去将来时，即would+动词原形。故填when；would。2.（2021上海中考真题）“Have you visited the National Book Expo?” Linda asked me. （改为间接引语）Linda asked me _ I _ visited the National Book Expo.【答案】whether#if had 【详解】句意：琳达问我是否参观过国家书展。此处直接引语“Have you visited the National Bo

15、ok Expo?”是一般疑问句，变为间接引语，用whether/if引导，直接引语是现在完成时，变为间接引语用过去完成时，故填whether/if；had。3.（2020上海中考真题）Will the exhibition be held in Shanghai？ Olivia asked her secretary（改为间接引语）Olivia asked her secretary_ the exhibition_be held in Shanghai【答案】if would【解析】句意：“展览会将在上海举行吗？”；Olivia问她的秘书展览是否会在上海举行。本题考查直接引语改为间接引语，直

16、接引语是一般将来时态、一般疑问句，用if是否引导宾语从句，Olivia asked her secretary是一般过去时，所以间接引语用过去将来时态would+动词原形；故填if；would4.（2019上海中考真题）. “Are you free to come to my place this Saturday?”Aaron asked me.（改为间接引语）Aaron asked me_ _free to go to his place that Saturday.【答案】 (1). if/whether (2). was 【解析】这里是改为间接引语，从句是一般疑问句，要用疑问词if/

17、whether来引导，主句的时态是一般过去时态，be动词用单数was。根据题意，故填if/whether was。5.（2018上海中考真题） “How are you getting along with your new roommate? Franklin asked me.(改为宾语从句)Franklin asked me_ _was getting along with my new roommate.【答案】how I【解析】原句为直接引语，改为间接引语后引语中的第二人称要与主句中的宾语保持一致。而改人称在从句中又作主语，故为 how I。6.（2017上海中考真题）Have yo

18、u ever been in a hot air balloon？Melissa asked her mom（改为宾语从句）Melissa asked her mom she ever been in a hot air balloon【答案】if；had【解析】句意：你曾经坐过热气球吗？梅利莎问她妈妈梅利莎问她妈妈，是否她曾经坐过热气球考查宾语从句直接引语为一般疑问句时，变宾语从句用if引导，意思是是否直接引语是现在完成时态，宾语从句中的从句用过去完成时态，因此用助动词had答案是if；had7（2022上海市实验学校九年级期末）“What did you do to the poor do

19、g?” the lady asked her son.(改宾语从句)The lady asked her son what he _ _ to the poor dog.【答案】 had done【详解】句意：“你对这只可怜的狗做了什么？”这个女士问他的儿子。根据题干要求，可知要变为宾语从句，从句部分为“What did you do to the poor dog?”特殊疑问句，从句要用陈述语序，根据asked可知主句为一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态，且从句动作应是发生在主句动作之前，故要用过去完成时，had done，故填had；done。8（2022上海市新泾中学九年级期中）Miss

20、 Evans asked Bob, “Will you join the chess club this weekend?”（改为宾语从句）Miss Evans asked Bob _ he _ join the chess club that weekend.【答案】 if#whether would【详解】句意：埃文斯小姐问鲍勃：“这个周末你会加入国际象棋俱乐部吗？”宾语从句使用的是陈述句语序，因此原句的一般疑问句语序要用if/whether引导的宾语从句，且使用陈述句语序；主句时态是一般过去时，宾语从句要使用过去将来时would+动词原形。故填if/whether；would。9（202

21、1上海嘉定统考二模）Could you please tell me _ this pair of new sports shoes belongs to?It must be Jeffs. Its his birthday present from his grandpa.AwhatBwhoCwhichDwhose【答案】B【详解】句意：你能告诉我这双新运动鞋是谁的吗？一定是杰夫的。这是他爷爷送给他的生日礼物。考查宾语从句的引导词辨析。what什么，问事情；who谁，问人；which哪一个，问事物；whose谁的，问物主，用作定语。belong to属于，设空处作介词to的宾语；根据回答“I

22、t must be Jeffs”，可知这里是问运动鞋属于谁，故选B。10（2022上海长宁统考一模）They are eager to know _ they may keep the book from the new library.Ahow longBhow fastChow soonDhow often【答案】A【详解】句意：他们急于知道这本书能从新的图书馆借多久。考查宾语从句。how long多久；how fast多快；how soon多久以后；how often多久一次。根据“they may keep the book from the new library”可知，想知道可以借

23、多久的书，故选A。11（2022上海统考二模）Could you tell me _?Awhere can I put the bicycleBwhere could I put the bicycleCwhere I can put the bicycleDwhere I could put the bicycle【答案】C【详解】句意：你能告诉我把自行车放在哪里吗？考查宾语从句。宾语从句需用陈述语序，排除AB；主句“Could you tell me”是委婉语气，时态是一般现在时，从句动作也是一般现在时，故选C。12（2021上海奉贤统考二模）Could you tell me _?Awh

24、en he has gone to BeijingBhow long he has been in BeijingCwhich hotel did he stay in BeijingDwhen will he come back from Beijing【答案】B【详解】句意：你可以告诉我他在北京待了多久吗？考查宾语从句。此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除C和D选项。has gone to Beijing表示人已经在北京了，再询问他何时已经去了北京，不符合逻辑，排除A选项，故选B。题型套餐 选词填空Complete the following passages with the words

25、 or expressions in the box. Each only be used once. （将下列单词或词组填入空格。每空格限填一词）：（共8分）Aflying Bcolourful Cbuy Dchose E. preventsOne day, a father and his son went to a kite flying festival. When they arrived, there were already many adults and their children playing in the park. When the son saw the sky f

26、illed with 16 kites in different shapes, he was excited and wanted to get one, too. His father agreed. So they went to a kite shop and 17 a beautiful one.With the string (线) in hand, the son started 18 the kite. Soon, the kite was high up in the sky. After a while, the son said, “Father, it seems th

27、at the string 19 the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even higher. Can you cut it?” The father didnt reply, but just cut the string off the reel (线轴). Suddenly, the kite began to go higher, which made the son much happier.Astronger Bstay Csurprise Dslowly E. satisfactio

28、nHowever, to his 20, the kite was coming down 21 . They waited for quite some time, it fell onto the grass. The son felt upset and asked, “I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher. Why did it fall down?”The father smiled and said, “The role of the string was not stopping th

29、e kite from flying higher, but helping it 22 in the sky because the kite itself cant fly up. By using the string, you help the kite go up the right direction. When you cut the string, it could not support the kite.In our life, we may sometimes feel like there are certain things that are holding us b

30、ack and stopping us from growing. But in fact, these might be the things that support us most. We can really grow up and become 23 by realizing the importance of these things.16B 17D 18A 19E 20C 21D 22B 23A【分析】这篇短文主要讲述了一位父亲和儿子去参加风筝节，在商店给儿子买了一个风筝，陪儿子放风筝的故事，从而告诉我们：在我们的生活中，我们有时会觉得有些事情阻碍了我们的发展，阻止了我们的成长。

31、但事实上，这些可能是最支持我们的事情。通过认识到这些事情的重要性，我们可以真正成长并变得更强。16句意：当儿子看到天空中布满了各种形状的彩色风筝时，他很兴奋，也想得到一个。根据“the sky filled with.kites in different shapes”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“彩色的”风筝，故选B。17句意：所以他们去了风筝店，选择了一个漂亮的风筝。根据“wanted to get one, too. His father agreed. So they went to a kite shop and.a beautiful one.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“选择了”一

32、个漂亮的风筝，故选D。18句意：儿子手里拿着风筝线，开始放风筝。根据“With the string (线) in hand, the son started.the kite.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“开始放风筝”，fly a/the kite，故选A。19句意：爸爸，似乎绳子阻止风筝飞得更高。根据“the string.the kite from flying higher. If we cut it, it will be free and fly even higher.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“绳子阻止了”风筝飞的更高，故选E。20句意：然而，令他吃惊的是，风筝正慢慢地降落下

33、来。根据“I thought that after cutting the string, the kite would fly higher.”以及“it fell onto the grass.”及备选词汇可知，儿子原本以为没有线风筝会飞的更高，所以把线剪掉了，但是没有想到的是风筝却掉下来了，这是令他惊讶的，to his surprise“令他惊讶的是”，故选C。21句意：然而，令他吃惊的是，风筝正慢慢地降落下来。根据“They waited for quite some time, it fell onto the grass.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是风筝慢慢地掉下来了，故选D。22

34、句意：绳子的作用不是阻止风筝飞得更高，而是帮助它留在空中，因为风筝本身不能飞起来。根据“The role of the string was not stopping the kite from flying higher, but helping it.in the sky because the kite itself cant fly up.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是绳子帮助风筝停留在空中，故选B。23句意：通过认识到这些事情的重要性，我们可以真正成长并变得更强。根据“We can really grow up and become.by realizing the importanc

35、e of these things.”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是我们会变得更强，故选A。 句子改写Complete the following sentences as required. （根据所给要求，完成下列句子，共14分）48Mr. Dancer was tired and went to sleep.（改为否定句）Mr. Dancer _ tired and _ go to sleep.49World Expo is held once every five years.（对画线部分提问）_ _ is World Expo held?50There are few new types

36、 of MP 4 for us to choose in this store.（改为反意疑问句）There are few new types of MP 4 for us to choose in this store, _ _,51You neednt go there to buy the tickets. You can call the booking office for them.（保持句意基本不变）You can call the booking office _ of _ there to buy the tickets.52Unless you are honest, h

37、e wont believe you.（用if改写）_53The Bund in Shanghai looks extremely beautiful with the flowers around.（改为感叹句）_ _ the Bund in Shanghai looks with the flowers around!54him, his father, the day before yesterday, a new bike, bought（连词成句）_【答案】48 wasnt didnt49 How often50 are there51 instead going52If you a

38、rent honest, he wont believe you.53 How beautiful54His father bought him a new bike the day before yesterday.48句意：Dancer先生很累了，去睡觉了。句子改为否定句，并列句前一句be动词后加not；并列句后一句谓语动词为实义动词，因此在前面加didnt。故答案为wasnt；didnt。49句意：世博会每五年举办一次。画线部分意为“每五年一次”，对该部分提问应该用How often引导的特殊疑问句，表示对频次的询问。故答案为How；often。50句意：在这个商店有很少新型MP4可供我

39、们选择。此句陈述部分中few表示“很少的”，表示否定，因此附加句用“肯定”。There be句型的反意疑问句的附加句用there，be动词形式保持一致。故答案为are；there。51句意：你不需要去那里买票。你可以给订票办公室打电话订票。将两句话合并为一句可以用短语连接。instead of表示“代替”，of为介词后接动词ing形式。go there表示“去那里”，go的动词ing形式为going。故答案为instead；going。52句意：除非你诚实，否则他不会相信你。根据句意可知，可以用if引导的条件状语从句改写，意为“如果你不诚实，他就不会相信你”。主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时。故答案为If you arent honest, he wont believe you.53句意：上海的外滩四周花团锦簇，看起来美极了。根据给出部分可知，感叹句句型为“How+adj+主语+谓语+其他！”。故答案为How；beautiful。54句意：前天他的父亲买给她一辆新自行车。时间状语the day before yesterday表示“前天”，因此此句时态为一般过去时；主语His father；谓语动词bought；宾语him；宾语补足语a new bike。故答案为 His father bought him a new bike the day before yesterday.