专题09 阅读理解之应用文-2021年高考英语题型大冲关（上海专用）.docx

1、高考阅读理解之应用文 知识导图要点精析一、命题分析应用文不同于其他文体的文章，其目的是为了向读者传输信息，措辞简洁明了，直截了当，主要考查考生提取信息和处理信息的能力，既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重推理判断题的考查，题目设置相对较容易。二、题型概述应用文的类型主要有：广告，规则、通知、咨询问答、注意事项等，指南，书评、问卷调查、告示、参观须知、申请书、个人简介等。一般说来，应用文英语阅读试题具有以下特点：选材信息量大，文句精炼，形式灵活；内容生活化，实用化，多样化，如产品宣传、服务介绍、通知、海报、启示、招生招聘等。标题醒目，重点突出，条理清晰，常用粗体字或各类项目符号使文章的结构更

2、鲜明。语言上人名、地名、专有名词多；生词多；缩略词、祈使句、省略句多；结构不完整。三、 选项特点1正确选项的特点(1)应用文主要是为了向读者传递信息，措辞简洁明了，一般来说，和所述问题无关的文字不会出现。例如很多文章没有标题，甚至通篇没有一个完整的句子，而是用词、数字、缩写、短语等来替代。(2)信息量大，文句精练，形式灵活，用最小的篇幅表述最大量的信息。(3)选项会有生僻的专有名词，如人名、地名、机构名、组织名、书籍名、作品名等等，而且没有汉语注释。缩略词、祈使句、省略句多。2干扰选项的特点(1)对词汇量考查不断加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。(2)表层意义

3、理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。四、解题技法审题口诀：应用文体较容易，快速浏览明大意。跳读内容重细节，亦可舍文先读题。相关内容细比对，信息吻合破无机。方法1.先题后文法应用文体文章比较长，此时我们不必记住所有信息，可以先阅读题目，带着问题阅读，多注意细节，如时间、地点、人物或数据等，简明扼要地抓住所需信息，理解文章内容。尤其是广告文章的阅读一般采取跳读、略读等快速阅读法，快速浏览信息，搜索对比。对文中信息的快速处理能力是考查阅读理解能力的重要方面。【典例剖析】(You may read the questions first.)History Fair Competition Understa

4、nding history is vital to understanding ourselves as a people and as a nation. History is much more than the study of dusty old objects and events long past. It is an essential part of who we are today and who we will become. Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition makes understanding histor

5、y exciting, engaging, and fun！This Years Theme All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. To many people, technology means computers, hand-held devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. Ho

6、wever, technology is also the application of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.Individuals or groups may enter one of the following categories：PerformanceDocumentaryEssay WritingCategory RequirementsPerformance: A dramatic presentation of the topic no more tha

7、n 10 minutes long. If special clothes are used，they should truly represent a given period.Documentary: A visual presentation (such as a video，slide show，or computer project) no more than 10 minutes long. A desktop computer, screen, projector, and loudspeakers will be available. Students must provide

8、 their presentations on CDs before Friday, March 23.Essay Writing: An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. No illustrations are allowed. Please do not include covers. A list of references must be included.Important DatesJanuary 5 Submit a topic proposal to your history teacher. The teacher may re

9、quire a second proposal if the first is off-topic or unclear.February 5 Submit a first draft of your essay, performance script, or documentary highlights.February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. Students then have an opportunity to improve their products.March 9

10、 Submit a final draft of your essay.March 15 Performance and documentary committee previewMarch 24 Thornton Middle School History Fair Competition7：00 A.M.9：00A.M. Participants signing in at the gym10：00 A.M. 6：00P.M. Competition and judges review7：00 P.M. Awards ceremony1. What is the theme of this

11、 years competition?A. Technology advances science.B. Science interacts with technology.C. Science has made the study of history easy.D. Technology has improved the life of Americans.2. What would a participant have to do with an essay of 1,500 words to meet the category requirement?A. Include more i

12、nformation in the essay.B. Remove the references.C. Provide a cover for the essay.D. Explain the details with illustrations.3. What will the committee of teachers do on February 19?A. Preview performances and documentaries.B. Make comments on the materials.C. Improve the participants first draft.D.

13、Collect a second proposal from the participant.答案DAB解析本文是一个竞赛须知。详细地介绍了竞赛的意义、参赛作品的主题、各项要求以及活动安排。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据This Years Theme部分All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. 可知，今年的主题涉及科技对美国人生活的改善。故选D。【2题

14、详解】细节理解题。根据CategoryRequirements部分Essay Writing : An academic paper of 2,000 to 2,500 words. 可知，字数必须在2000到2500之间，因此1500字不够，必须添加更多的信息。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Important Dates部分February 19 A committee of teachers will evaluate materials and give opinions. 可知，2月19日，评委老师会对提交的材料给出意见，作出评论。故选B。方法2. 题干定位法应用文阅读材料包含的

15、某一方面的信息非常全面，能满足各种人对信息的需求，但在试题中，常常是就某一点提问，以细节理解题为主，考生完全没有必要从头到尾全部仔细阅读，因为材料中有很多冗余无效信息。做此类题时，宜采用题干定位法，即先阅读题干，然后根据问题要求，按照题目顺序依次有针对性地结合题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，阅读相关部分，快速寻找有效信息，再把原文和选项相比较。问题与材料相同对号入座；问题与原文相同同义替换、归纳事实等。【典例剖析】Monthly Talks at London Canal Museum Our monthly talks start at 19:30 on the first Thursday

16、of each month except August. Admission is at normal charges and you dont need to book. They end around 21:00.November 7thThe Canal Pioneers, by Chris Lewis. James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers. He was also a major player in training others in the art of canal pla

17、nning and building. Chris Lewis will explain how Brindley made such a positive contribution to the education of that group of early “civil engineers”.December 5thIce for the Metropolis, by Malcolm Tucker. Well before the arrival of freezers, there was a demand for ice for food preservation and cater

18、ing, Malcolm will explain the history of importing natural ice and the technology of building ice wells, and how Londons ice trade grew.February 6thAn Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening. The Thames and Severn Canal will take a little longer

19、. We will have a report on the present state of play.March 6thEyots and Aits -Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers. The Thames has many islands. Miranda has undertaken a review of all of them. She will tell us about those of greatest interest. Online bookings:www.canalmuseum.org.uk/book More info: www

20、.canalmuseum.org.uk/whatson London Canal Museum 12-13 New Wharf Road, London NI 9RT www.canalmuseum.org.uk www.canalmuseum.mobi Tel:020 77130836【导读】这一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了在伦敦运河博物馆每个月的讲座安排。内容包括讲座的时间、做讲座的人以及讲座的内容简介等。文章整体阅读难度较低，所设题目均为考查细节理解题，只需通过关键词定位可得出答案。如21题抓住关键词“James Brindley”，22题抓住关键词“February”。23题抓住关键词“T

21、hames”。做此类阅读理解时可以先从其问题着手，带着问题的关键词到原文中找出相对应的部分，然后通过对照和比较，就不难选出正确答案。1. When is the talk on James Brindley?A. February 6th.B. March 6th.C. November 7th.D. December 5th.【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第二段第二句James Brindley is recognized as one of the leading early canal engineers.所对应的日期November 7th.。答案 C 2. What is the to

22、pic of the talk in February?A. The Canal Pioneers. B. Ice for the MetropolisC. Eyots and Aits- Thames Islands D. An Update on the Cotsword Canals【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第四段February 6th中的第一句An Update on the Cotsword Canals, by Liz Payne. The Stroudwater Canal is moving towards reopening.可以得出答案。答案 D 3. Who will

23、 give the talk on the islands in the Thames.A. Miranda Vickers B. Malcolm Tucker C. Chris Lewis D. Liz Payne【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第五段第一句Eyots and Aits -Thames Islands, by Miranda Vickers.可知做报告的人是Miranda Vickers。答案 A方法3. 选项排除法排除法在应用文阅读中也应用得较多，即排除与文章内容不一致的错误信息，从而确定正确选项。应用文阅读理解设题以细节理解题为主，因此，阅读这类文章时，应该在整体把握文章结构

24、的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题的题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。【典例剖析】Rubbermaid Commercial Stainless(不锈的) Steel Oven Monitoring Thermometer(温度计) FGTHO550by Rubbermaid Commercial Products4.3 out of

25、5 stars 2,274 customer reviewsPrice: $7.01Color: MetallicMade of wearable stainless steel, this oven thermometer is designed to endure the test of the toughest professional and home kitchens. The scale reads in both Fahrenheit and Celsius, and it features clearly marked temperature differences to ai

26、d accurate readings. Easy to install, the thermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger, so it can be suspended from an oven rail. Its self-standing design also allows it to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven. Easy-to-Real Dial This oven thermometer measure and displays true oven temper

27、ature, helping to ensure precise result when preparing food. Durable Stainless Steel Design With its stainless steel construction and rock-resistant lens, this thermometer withstands tough and repeated use. And with its long 10-year warranty, its sure to become one of your kitchen mainstays. About m

28、anufacturer Rubbermaid Commercial Products, headquartered in Winchester, Va., is a manufacturer of innovative, solution-based products for commercial and institutional markets worldwide. Since 1968, RCP has pioneered technologies and system solutions in the categories of food prep services, cleaning

29、 maintenance, waste handling, material transport, and safety products.Product detailsProduct Dimensions: 6.1 4.51.5 inches; 1 poundDomestic Shipping: Item can be shipped within U.S.International Shipping: This item can be shipped to selected countries outside of the U.S. Learn MoreAmazon Best Seller

30、s Rank: # 1 in Home& Kitchen Oven ThermometersSpecial offers and product promotions Pay with your credit or your A Gift Card. Apply now.1. Which of the following features does the products enjoy?A. Its made of quality plastic easy to be bent.B. It is assisted with electronic dial reading systemC. It

31、 could be positioned within the oven in two days.D. It is resistant to shake and pressure.2. Which description about the product is TRUE?A. It provides unconditional domestic and international shippingB. It sells best in Oven Thermometers section on Amazon.C. Over 3000 customers have commented on th

32、e product.D. It could be paid for only through credit card.3. Which of the following products is NOT likely to be manufactured by Rubbermaid Commercial Products?A. Deskside Plastic Wastebasket.B. Airtight Snack ContainerC. Full Pan Carrier D. Over-ear Bass Sound Stereo Headphones【答案】 C B D 【解析】60. C

33、. 选项C在Easy to install, the thermometer comes equipped with a convenient hanger, so it can be suspended from an oven rail. Its self-standing design also allows it to stand upright on a baking pan in the oven.这一句可知答案。选项A错在plastic，是stainless。选项B错在electronic dial reading电子刻度盘，看图片不是的。选项D错在没讲“resistant to

34、 shake”,只有“rock-resistant lens”。61.B. 选项A和D都太过绝对，而C选项数字错误，应是2,274 customer reviews。62.D.根据最后一段的最后一句 food prep services, cleaning maintenance, waste handling, material transport, and safety products，翻译出来是食物准备服务，清洁维修，废物处理，材料运输和安保产品。选项A有waste;选项B有snack;选项C是托盘运输车；选项D是立体声头戴式耳机。课堂典例Reading Comprehension （

35、A） (You may read the questions first,)SCREENGRABSBBC1PLANET EARTH9AMFresh Water provides an expansive subject for the third programme in the BBCs fascinating new natural history series. Broadly, we investigate the worlds lakes and rivers and the creatures which inhabit them. Thus we visit the deepes

36、t lake on the planet, Lake Baikal in Siberia. We observe large colonies of Indian smooth-coated otters (above) looking around. A magical series which gives us a real sense of context in relation to the planet we inhabit.BBC2FAMILY GUY11.45PMRoad to Europe. Without proper identification, Brain and St

37、ewie stow away on a plane they think is leaving for England. Theyre wrong, and soon theyre in Saudi Arabia (Brain: “Oh my God, we are finished. We are lost in the desert.”) at the beginning of a long trip home.ITV1AGATHA CHRISTIES POIROT9 PMCards on the Table. Tonights mystery concerns the death of

38、one of Londons richest and most mysterious men, Mr Shaitana (Alexander Siddig), who has a fascination with crime. Shaitana hosts dinner and a game of bridge in his apartment, but when the time comes for the first guests to take their leave, they discover that their host has been stabbed through the

39、heart.Channel 4THE GAMES: LIVE9 PMFor the first time on The Games, the men fight in a Kendo Tournament, using 1.2m shinai (Bamboo swords). The women compete in the cycling, racing wheel-to- wheel on competition bikes with no brakes. Plus other news from the English Institute of Sport in Sheffield. 1

40、. The Fresh Water series at 9 PM _. A. explores the lakes, rivers and the creatures in them B. is devoted to the freshwater creatures in the world C. explains the relationship among inhabitants on the earth D. focuses on the deepest river on the planet【解析】 A.这是一道推断题。根据对于Fresh Water的介绍中“Broadly,we in

41、vestigate the worlds lakes and rivers and the creatures which inhabit them.”可知“我们在考察世界上的湖泊和河流以及栖息在里面的生物”。2. The phrase “stow away” most probably means “_”. A. hide secretlyB. talk excitedlyC. operate easilyD. guide successfully【解析】A. 这是一道推理题。根据Road to Europe的介绍中“Without proper identification”可知他们俩没有

42、合法身份，所以应该是偷乘飞机。3. A mystery story adapted from Agatha Christies novel will be shown on _. A. BBC1B. BBC2C. ITV1D. Channel 4【解析】C. 这是一道推断题。根据对于“Cards on the table.”的描述可知是由AGATHA CHRISTIES POIROT的小说改编的，是在ITV1播出。(B)The concept of peace is a very important one in cultures all over the world. Think about

43、 how we greet people. In some languages, the phrases for greetings contain the word for peace. In some cultures we greet people by shaking hands or with another gesture to show that we are not carrying weapons that we come in peace. And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultur

44、es recognize as representing peace. Lets look at a few of them.The doveThe dove has been a symbol of peace and innocence for thousands of years in many different cultures. In ancient Greek mythology it was a symbol of love and the renewal of life. In ancient Japan a dove carrying a sword symbolized

45、the end of war. There was a tradition in Europe that if a dove flew around a house where someone was dying then their soul would be at peace. And there are legends which say that the devil can turn himself into any bird except for a dove. In Christian art, the dove was used to symbolize the Holy Gho

46、st and was often painted above Christs head. But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949.The rainbowThe rainbow is another ancient and universal symbol, often representing the connection between human beings and

47、 their gods. In Greek mythology it was associated with Iris, the goddess who brought messages from the gods on Mount Olympus. In Scandinavian mythology the rainbow was a bridge between the gods and the earth. In the Bible a rainbow showed Noah that the Biblical flood was finally over, and that God h

48、ad forgiven his people. In the Chinese tradition, the rainbow is a common symbol for marriage because the colours represent the union of yin and yang. Nowadays the rainbow is used by many popular movements for peace and the environment, representing the possibility of a better world in the future an

49、d promising sunshine after the rain.The olive branchThe olive tree has always been a valuable source of food and oil. In Greek mythology, the goddess Athena gave the olive tree to the people of Athens, who showed their gratitude by naming the city after her. But no one knows for sure when or why it

50、began to symbolize peace. There is probably a connection with ancient Greece. Wars between states were suspended during the Olympic Games, and the winners were given crowns of olive branches. The symbolism may come from the fact that the olive tree takes a long time to produce fruit, so olives could

51、 only be cultivated successfully in long periods of peace. Whatever the history, the olive branch is a part of many modern flags symbolizing peace and unity. One well-known example is the United Nations symbol.4. Who played the major role in making the dove a modern symbol of peace?A. Pablo Picasso.

52、B. A god in Greek mythology.C. Jesus Christ.D. Ancient Japanese.5. How many examples does the writer give to show the rainbow as a universal symbol of peace?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four.D. Five.6. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A. Different Concepts of Peace.B. The popularity

53、of Peace Symbols.C. The Origins of Peace Symbols.D. Cultural Differences in Peace.【答案】 AD C【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄树等三个和平象征的起源。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“But it was Pablo Picasso who made the dove a modern symbol of peace when he used it on a poster for the World Peace Congress in 1949.”可知，但正是毕加索（Pablo Pic

54、asso）在1949年世界和平大会的海报上使用鸽子，使之成为和平的现代象征，由此可知，毕加索在使鸽子成为和平的现代象征方面发挥了主要作用，故A项正确。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，作者举了希腊神话、斯堪的纳维亚神话、圣经、中国传统以及和平与环境的大众运动等五个例子来说明彩虹是和平的普遍象征，故D项正确。【6题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段中的“And there are certain symbols which people in very different cultures recognize as representing peace. Lets look

55、at a few of them.”可知，本文主要介绍了鸽子、彩虹和橄榄树等三个和平象征的起源，故C项正确。（C） The Curse of the Were-Rabbit(2005) is the first full-length feature film made by directors Nick Park and Steve Box with their amazing plasticine(粘土) characters Wallace and Gromit. It won an Oscar in 2006, and if you watch it, youll understand

56、 why. Its an absolutely brilliant cartoon comedy.Cheese-loving inventor Wallace and his brainy dog Gromit have started a company to protect the towns vegetables from hungry rabbits. However, just before the annual Giant Vegetable Competition, an enormous rabbit begins terrorising the town. It is att

57、acking all the vegetables and destroying everything in its path. The competition organizer, Lady Tottington, hires Wallace and Gromit to catch the monster alive. But they will have to find the were-rabbit before gun-crazy hunter Victor Quartermaine who is desperate to kill it.The screenplay is witty

58、 and full of amusing visual jokes. As usual, the voice of Peter Sallis is absolutely perfect for the role of Wallace, and Gromit is so beautifully brought to life, he can express a huge range of emotions without saying a word. And both Helena Bonham-Carter, who plays the part of Lady Tottington, and

59、 Ralph Fiennes as Victor are really funny.To sum up, The Curse of the Were-Rabbit is an amazing film which is suitable for both children and adults. If you liked Wallace and Gromits previous adventures and you appreciate the British sense of humour, youll love this film. Dont miss it!【语篇导读】：这是一篇应用文，

60、是一篇电影评论，有关一部卡通电影。7. In the film review, what is paragraph A mainly about?A. The introduction to the leading roles B. The writers opinion of actingC. The writers comments on the story D. The background information【答案】D 【解析】主旨大意题 根据A部分的表述，介绍了这部电影的人物角色，导演，获得荣誉以及其他相关的信息，而这些信息就是背景，所以答案是选D。 The introducti

61、ons to the leading roles (介绍主角)，The writers opinion of acting (作者对表演的看法)，The writers comments on the story (作者对故事的评论)，以上3个选项的内容都是片面的，不能够作为主旨大意。8. According to the film review, “the monster” (paragraph B) refers to _.A. a gun-crazy hunter B. a brainy dogC. a scary rabbit D. a giant vegetable【答案】C 【解析

62、】猜词题 4个选项文章中都有提到，既然说是指代，那么不妨把4个选项都带了进去理解，那么不难发现答案就是C。同时也要关注一些连词的表达，比如however 和but。根据最后一句话的描述，可以排除hunter选项；dog是进行寻找的动物，不是被找的动物；根据monster 后的alive活抓可以排除vegetable选项。9. Which of the following is a reason why the writer recommends the film?A. Its full of wit and humour.B. Its characters show feelings with

63、out words.C. It is an adventure film directed by Peter Sallis.D. It is about the harmony between man and animals.【答案】 A(D)Humpback whalesHumpback whales are sometimes called performers of the ocean. This is because they can make impressive movements when they dive. The name “humpback”, which is the

64、common name for this whale, refers to the typical curve shape the whales back forms as it dives.来 Sometimes the humpback will dive with a fantastic movement, known as a breach. During breaching the whale uses its powerful tail flukes to lift nearly two-thirds of its body out of the water in a giant

65、leap. A breach might also include a sideways twist with fins stretched out like wings, as the whale reaches the height of the breach. A humpback whale breathes air at the surface of the water through two blowholes which are located near the top of the head. It blows a double stream of water that can

66、 rise up to 4 meters above the water. The humpback has a small dorsal fin located towards the tail flukes about two-thirds of the way down its back. Other distinguishing features include large pectoral fins, which may be up to a third of the body length, and unique black and white spots on the under

67、side of the tail flukes. These markings are like fingerprints: no two are the same. Humpback whales live in large groups. They communicate with each other through complex “songs”.Quick FactsSize:14m18m in length3050 tons in weightLivingEnvironment: Open ocean and shallow coastline watersMigration:Fr

68、om warm tropical (热带的) waters, where they breed, to cold polar waters, where they eat.Diet:Shellfish, plants and fish of small sizeHunting:Sometimes in groups, in which several whales form a circle under the water, blowing bubbles that form a “net” around a school of fish. The fish are then forced u

69、p to the surface in a concentrated mass.Current state:endangered; it is estimated that there are about 50007000 humpback whales worldwide.10. According to Quick Facts, a humpback whale _.A. cannot survive in waters near the shore B. doesnt live in the same waters all the timeC. lives mainly on under

70、water plants D. prefers to work alone when hunting food【答案】B本题答案在Quick Facts中的“Migration迁徙”一栏中可以找到。座头鲸每年都会从温暖的海洋迁徙到寒冷的海洋。11. To make a breach, a humpback whale must _.A. use its tail flukes to leap out of the water B. twist its body sideways to jump high.C. blow two streams of water D. communicate w

71、ith a group of humpbacks.【答案】A本题原本很简单，在第二段第三行答案非常明显。座头鲸要跃出海面，就必须用强壮的尾鳍去使身体上升。答案就是A。但是，强干扰项B紧随其后，就在第五行。但是，只要同学们细心一点就会发现这里有一个单词“include包含”。座头鲸在跃出海面的时候包扭转侧鳍的动作，但这并不是座头鲸跃出海面的动力所在，只是其中的一个动作而已。所以，排除。最终得到答案A。12. From the passage we can learn that a humpback whale _.A. has its unique markings on it tail flu

72、kes B. has black and white fingerprintsC. gets its name from the way it hunts D. is a great performer due to its songs【答案】.A 本题答案在第四段倒数第三行，座头鲸的尾鳍上有许多独特的黑色和白色的斑点。本来也很简单。可是，强干扰项B又来凑热闹，在本段最后一行讲到，这些斑点就像指纹一样，没有相似的。同学们，只要留心这里的 “like”难题就不难了。这里作者要表达的概念是斑点的独特性就像人的指纹的独特性一样，而不是样子一样。所以，可以确定答案为A。实战演练Reading Comp

73、rehension(A)Wanted, Someone for a KissWere looking for producers to join us in the second of London 100FM. Youll work on the stations music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, K

74、iss100.Father ChristmasWere looking for a very special person preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December17 to December24 except Sunday, 10:3016:00Excellent pay.Please contact the Enterprise Shopping C

75、enter, Station Parade, Eastbourne.Accountants Assistant When you join the them in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to

76、 you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver of for somebody who has office experience.Wealden District CouncilSoftware Trainer If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have s

77、ome experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make our decision, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of 15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.1. Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work i

78、n a radio station?A. Producer Vacancies, Kiss 100. B. Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. C. The Enterprise Shopping Centre D. Wealden District Council.【解析】A根据第一段“Music production experience in radio is necessary, along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vac

79、ancies, Kiss100.”这句话可判断正确答案是A。2. We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who _.A. is aged between 24 and 40 B. may do some training work C. should deal with general duties D. can work for about a month【解析】D根据“Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December

80、15 and every day from December17 to December24 except Sunday, 10:3016:00”这句话可推算出答案为D。3. Which position is open to recent school graduates?A. Producer, London Kiss. B. Father Christmas.C. Accountants Assistant D. Software Trainer【解析】C根据“This position is equally suitable for a school leaver of for som

81、ebody who has office experience”这一句话可判断选项C为正确答案。4. What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited?A. One with GCSE grade C level.B. One with some office experience.C. One having good computer knowledgeD. One trained in producing music programmes.【解析】C根据“You should be good at the comput

82、er and have some experience in programme writing”这句话可判断C为正确选项。 (B)Mount Cook National Park is home of the highest mountains and the longest glaciers. It is alpine(高山) in the purest sense-with skyscraping peaks, glaciers and permanent snow fields, all set under a star-studded sky.Key Highlights Altho

83、ugh it includes 23 peaks over 3,000 metres high, this park is very accessible. State Highway 80 leads to Mt Cook Village which is situated beside scenic Lake Pukaki and provides a comfortable base for alpine activities. Far from city lights, the stargazing here is magnificentAoraki Mount Cook Nation

84、al Park forms the majority of New Zealands only International Dark Sky Reserve.Mountaineers regard the area to be the best climbing region, while less skilled adventurers find plenty of satisfaction with the mountain walks that lead to alpine tarns, herb fields and spectacular glacier views. Encount

85、ers with cheeky kea (mountain parrots) are part of the fun.Key Activities Mountain walks There are 10 short walks beginning near the village. All tracks are formed and well marked. The Red Tarns Track, Kea Point and the Hooker Valley Track each take around two hours return. For more experienced alpi

86、ne hikers, there are three mountain pass routesover the Mueller, Copland and Ball passes.Glacier viewing and skiing Helicopters and skiplanes provide access to the parks fabulous glaciers. The Tasman Glacier is an excellent choice for intermediate skiers, while the Murchison, Darwin and Bonney glaci

87、ers promise excitement for advanced skiers. From October until May, you can explore the Tasman Glaciers terminal lake by boat.Mountaineering Climbing Mount Cook remains the ultimate challenge, but there are many other peaks to tempt experienced climbers. Tasman, Malte Brun, Elie de Beaumont, Sefton

88、and La Perouse are quite popular.Key Tips Climbers dont require permits, but are requested to complete a trip intentions form.Local guides are available for climbing, walking and glacier skiing.Winter climbing is an extreme sportonly recommended for well-prepared, experienced mountaineers.The weathe

89、r can change very suddenlybe prepared for heavy rainfall, snow and/or high winds.The park has an airport serving domestic commercial flights and scenic flight operators.5. Which is one of the characteristics of Mount Cook National Park?A. It is alpine in the purest sense and hard to reach.B. It prov

90、ides star-shining night skies for visitors.C. It attracts less skilled climbers to all alpine activities.D. It guarantees visitors a sight of cheeky kea.【解析】B细节理解题。根据文章“Far from city lights , the stargazing here is magnificent Aoraki Mount Cook National Park forms the majority of New Zealands only I

91、nternational Dark Sky Reserve”可知，这里的星空是壮丽的奥拉基库克山国家公园形成唯一的国际黑暗天空保护区.故星光闪耀的夜空是公园特色.故选B.6. Mike is an experienced adventurer and may find _ the most exciting. A. Mountaineering on Elie de Beaumont B. Mountain walks via Hooker Valley Track C. Skiing on Tasman Glacier D. Climbing Mount Cook【解析】D7. If you

92、 are a visitor to the park, you should _ A. properly evaluate your own experience and skillB. get your permit prepared before you start to climbC. hire local guides to help you to train for climbingD. avoid exploring glaciers in winter 【解析】A.细节理解题。根据文章“Climbers dontrequire permits , but are requeste

93、d to complete a trip intentions form”可知，游客必须要填意向表，即游客要选择自己适合的项目。故洗A.(C)Read the information taken from the pain reliever bottles and answer the questions.Medicine ADrug Facts-Active ingredient Purpose(in each tablet)Pain reliever/325 mg.fever reducerUsesprovides temporary relief of headache pain and

94、 fever of colds toothache muscle pain minor pain of arthritisWarningsReyes syndrome: Children and teenagers who have or are recovering from chicken pox or flu-like symptoms should not use this product. When using this product, if changes in behavior with nausea and vomiting occur, consult a doctor b

95、ecause these symptoms could be an early sign of Reyes syndrome, a rare but serious illness.Alcohol warning: If you consume 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day, ask your doctor whether you should take aspirin or other pain relievers/fever reducers. Aspirin may cause stomach bleeding.Ask a doctor bef

96、ore use if you haveasthma stomach problems that persist or recur ulcers bleeding problemsStop use and ask a doctor if pain worsens or lasts more than 10 days fever worsens or lasts more than 3 days new symptoms occur redness or swelling is presents ringing in the ears or loss of hearing occursDirect

97、ions adults: 1 to 2 tablets with water. Dosage may be repeated every 4 hours, not to exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours. children under 12: consult a doctor.Medicine BDrug Facts-Active ingredient Purpose(in each gelcap)Pain reliever/500mg.fever reducerUses temporarily relieves minor aches and pains due t

98、o headache, muscular aches, backache, the common cold, toothache, minor pain of arthritis temporarily reduces feverWarningsAlcohol warning: If you consume 3 or more alcoholic drinks every day, ask your doctor whether you should take This product or other pain relievers/fever reducers. This product m

99、ay cause liver damage.Overdose warning: Taking more thanthe recommend dose (overdose) may cause liver damage. In case of overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center right away. Quick medical attention is critical for adults as well as for children even if you do not notice any sign

100、s or symptoms.Directions do not take more than directed (seeoverdose warning) adults and children 12 years and over: take 2 gelcaps every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 8 gelcaps in 24 hours. children under 12 years: do not use this adult Extra Strength product in children under 12 ye

101、ars of age; this will provide more than the recommended dose (overdose) of acetaminophen and may cause liver damage.8. Which medicine may hurt liver according to the instructions?A. Medicine A.B. Medicine B.C. Both medicines.D. Neither medicine.91. These two medicines are most suitable for _.A. a ch

102、ild who has a common cold B. an adult who has trouble falling asleepC. a teenager who slightly hurt his wrist D. an old man who has stomach bleeding10. Which of the following can be found in the instructions?A. Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI).B. Ingredients of the medicine.C. Facts about the origin of

103、 the medicine.D. Names of the doctors to consult.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. A【解析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了两种药的说明书。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据Medicine B中Warnings部分中的“This product may cause liver damage.”可知，Medicine B可能会伤肝，故B项正确。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据对这两种药的功效的介绍中的“ minor pain of arthritis”及“minor pain of arthritis”可知，这两种药都能够缓解关节的轻微疼痛，因此这两种药适合手

104、腕轻微受伤的青少年服用，故C项正确。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据两种药Directions部分中的“ adults: 1 to 2 tablets with water. Dosage may be repeated every 4 hours, not to exceed 12 tablets in 24 hours.”及“ adults and children 12 years and over: take 2 gelcaps every 4 to 6 hours as needed. Do not take more than 8 gelcaps in 24 hours.”可知，两种

105、药的说明书中都提到了可接受的每日服用量，故A项正确。 (D) Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range. Use your index finger (食指) and middle finger. Dont use your thumb (拇指) it has a pulse of its own. Place these two f

106、ingers on your wrist, just below the base of the thumb. Count the number of beats (pulses) for 15 seconds. Take this number and multiply by 4 to find your heart rate in beats per minute. For example, if you count 25 beats, 25 x 4 = 100 beats per minute. Increasing your heart rate is a key part of ex

107、ercise, but it is important that your heart rate is not too high or too low. If you are a beginner, you should also be able to breathe comfortably while exercising. This will ensure that you are exercising at a level that is safe and effective for your body.The chart below illustrates target heart r

108、ate ranges for exercise based on the maximal heart rate for selected ages. Here are the steps for using the chart: Measure your exercise heart rate in beats per minute (BPM). Look at the chart.- Find your age. If your age falls between the ages listed, round up to the next older age listed. - Compar

109、e your heart rate to the target exercise range. If you are doing moderate exercise, your heart rate should be closer to the 50% range. If you are doing vigorous exercise, your heart rate should be closer to the 85% range. Try to stay in the 5085% range when exercising by increasing or decreasing exe

110、rcise intensity.11. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Exercise intensity can be reflected by a persons heart rate.B. The faster your heart rate is, the more effective the exercise is.C. Vigorous exercise will definitely present a threat to peoples safety.D. The target exercise heart rate range for a

111、 45-year-old is 90149 BPM.12. A 34-year-old man is running and the number of pulses he takes for 15 seconds is 40. His fitness coach had better tell him _.A. “You are doing fine.”B. “You can run faster.”C. “You should slow down a bit.”D. “You should drink some water.”13. What is the purpose of this

112、passage?A. To advise people to form a habit of taking their pulses while exercising.B. To inform people of the target heart rate zone for those aged 60 and under.C. To tell people the importance of maintaining moderate amount of exercise.D. To show people how to measure heart rate to keep proper exe

113、rcise intensity.【答案】11. A 121. C 13. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段的内容Taking your pulse during physical activity allows you to measure how hard you are exercising. You should exercise to stay within your target heart range.及表格上的数据可知，一个人的心率可以反映运动强度。故选A。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据表格中给的测量心率的方法可知，此人的每分钟的心率是40*4=160，结合数据表格，年龄34从35岁那一栏可知，大于百分之85，根据图表说明可知，属于剧烈运动，因此他的健康教练应该告诉他放慢一点。故选C。【13题详解】推理判断题。文章通过告诉读者如何给自己把脉以及用两个表格向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。由此可知，文章的目的是向人们展示如何测量心率以保持适当的运动强度。故选D。