专题10 动词短语 2021年英语中考词汇、短语知识专项复习（通用版）.docx

1、专题10 动词短语 2021年英语中考词汇知识专项复习1Everyeveningmyfather_newspaperswhilemymotherwatchesTVAputsupBlooksforCgivesawayDlooksthrough【答案】D【详解】句意：每天晚上我爸爸看报纸，我妈妈看电视。结合选项，A.举起，张贴，搭建，留宿；B.寻找；C.分发；D.浏览。根据句意以及空后newspaper可知，表示“浏览报纸”。故选D。【点睛】与look有关的短语：look back回顾look through浏览look over检查look at看look around环顾look for寻找l

2、ook up查阅look out小心look down向下看look after照顾look up to尊敬look down on/upon轻视2 Today， mobile payment is very convenient Almost everyone is using it Thats true We dont even need to _ money from the bankAtake outBtake offCtake up【答案】A【详解】句意“在今天，移动支付很方便，几乎每个人都使用它。这是真的。我们甚至不需要从银行取钱”。take out取出；take off起飞；脱下

3、；take up拿起；占据（时间，地方）。结合语境可知，表示“不用从银行取钱”，take out符合语境。故选：A。【点睛】与take有关的短语：take off脱下；起飞take away拿走take on呈现，雇佣take down记下，取下take up从事，占据take out取出take over接管take after（外貌或行为）像take in吸入，吞入take part in参加take pride in感到自豪take care of照顾，照料3He chose to study in a junior school near his home. It _ to be a

4、wise decision.Aput outBput onCturned outDturned on【答案】C【详解】句意：他选择在他家附近的一所初中学习。结果证明这是一个明智的决定。A. put out熄灭；B. put on穿上；C. turned out结果证明；D. turned on打开。本题考查turn out的用法。turn out = turn out to be这是个系动词，后面可以跟形容词或名词作表语，意思是“结果证明”。turn out等系动词后也可以接不定式（尤其to be）短语作表语，to be可以省略。故选C。4Its a good idea to new word

5、s in the dictionary.Acut upBlook upCput up【答案】B【详解】句意：在字典里查生词是一个好主意。cut up切碎；look up查找；put up张贴，搭建。根据句意new words in the dictionary可知，这里表达的意思是“在字典里查单词”，故应选B。5Life is like a journey with trouble, but with care and wisdom you can _any problem you face.Afind outBhand outCcarry outDwork out【答案】D【详解】句意：人生

6、就像一段充满烦恼的旅程，但只要你有细心和智慧，就能解决你面临的任何问题。考查动词短语。find out找出；hand out分发；carry out实施；work out解决；根据后面“any problem”可知是解决问题，可推测出是“解决”，故选D。6I really shouldnt have shouted at my parents like that, but .Ait was none of your businessBI just couldnt help itCI didnt care about itDI couldnt agree more【答案】B【详解】句意：我真的不

7、应该像那样地对我的父母大喊大叫，但是我就是控制不住。it was none of your business这不关你的事；I just couldnt help it我就是忍不住；I didnt care about it.我不关心它；I couldnt agree more.我再同意不过了。根据句意I really shouldnt have shouted 可知，说话人很后悔，但控制不住，故应选B。7I dont know how to deal with my old clothes. Why not _ to the poor people in the mountains.Agive

8、 them backBgive them outCgive them awayDgive them up【答案】C【详解】句意：我不知道如何处理我的旧衣服。为什么不把它们送给山里的穷人呢？考查动词短语辨析。give back归还；give out释放；give away赠送；give up放弃。根据“the poor people in the mountains山里的穷人”，结合语境，可知是捐赠给山里人，give them away符合语境，故选C。8My grandfather alone in the countryside, but now he_with us in the city

9、.Aused to living; is used to liveBused to live; is used to livingCused to live; used to liveDwas used to living; used to live【答案】B【详解】句意：我爷爷以前一个人住在乡下，但现在他习惯了和我们一起住在城里。考查used短语辨析。短语used to do sth.表示“过去常常做某事”；be /get used to doing sth.表示“习惯做某事”；be used to do sth.：某物被用来做某事，是短语use sth. to do sth.的被动语态。第

10、一空是过去一个人住在乡下，用used to do的形式；排除A、D；第二空表示习惯做某事，用be used to doing，排除C。故选B。9Would you please provide us _some information about the meeting?Sure. Its said that it will start _the morning of September 20.Afor: onBwith: onCfor :inDwith: in【答案】B【详解】句意：你能给我们提供一些会议的情况吗？当然。据说9月20日上午开会。考查动词短语和时间介词。短语provide sb

11、. with sth. 提供某人东西；provide sth. for sb.：提供东西给某人；可知第一个空填with。在具体的某一天早上，使用介词on；可知在9月20日上午使用介词on。故选B。【点睛】时间介词用法：（1）在较长的时间里用介词in，例如，在某年/月/季节/在某世纪/在某年代或特定世纪某年代/在早上、下午、晚上等（in 1967/in May/in winter/in the eighteenth century/in 1970s/in the morning）；表示“从现在起一段时间以后，须用介词in；即“in+时间段”，要用于一般将来时。（2）“在具体的某一天”或“（在具体

12、的某一天的）早上、中午、晚上”等使用介词on。例如，on May 10th 1982，on a rainy morning，on weekdays，on Saturday morning，on Teachers Day。（3）“某一具体时刻（即几点几分时）”或表示“在中午、在夜晚、在周末”时或很短的时间，使用介词at。例如，at six/at that time/at night/at the minute(moment)。10 Li Yan is worried about her father who has joined the medical team to Russia. What

13、a brave hero! I wonder _.Ahow long he has been to RussiaBhow soon hell return from RussiaChow many times he has been in RussiaDwhether he has gone to Russia before【答案】B【详解】句意：李燕很担心加入了去俄罗斯的医疗队的父亲。多么勇敢的英雄！我想知道他过多久会从俄罗斯回来。考查动词短语、宾语从句。how long he has been toRussia在某地呆多长时间，介词用in；how soon hell return from

14、 Russia过多久会从俄罗斯回来；how many times he has been in Russia去过某地几次，用have/has been to；whether he has gone to Russia before是否去过某地用have/has been to，选项A、C、D表达错误；故选B。【点睛】解答本题需清楚这个短语的用法：have gone to意为“到某地区”，说话时该人不在现场；have been to 意为“曾经去过某地”，现在已经不在那里了，后接次数，表去过几次，也可与just/never/ ever/before等连用（据此排除C、D）。have been i

15、n意为“在某地呆了多少时间”，常与时间段状语连用（据此排除A）。11Tao Yuanmings simple and direct writing was different from the writing style of his time. He was _ the rules.Atoo brave to breakBtoo brave to followCbrave enough to breakDbrave enough to follow【答案】C【详解】句意：陶渊明的朴素直接的写作与他那个时代的写作风格不同。他敢于打破规则。考查副词。break the rules打破规则；fol

16、low the rules遵守规则；根据上文“Tao Yuanmings simple and direct writing was different from the writing style of his time”写作风格与他那个时代的写作风格不同，推断空格指他敢于打破规则；所以排除B、D；too to 太不能，含有否定意义；所以排除A；“be+形容词+enough+动词不定式”意为“足够做某事”，故选C。【点睛】本题解答思路：先区别break the rules和follow the rules的意思，根据文字的表层意思排除不符合句意的短语follow the rules；注意to

17、o to 和“be+形容词+enough+动词不定式”的用法区别，排除含有否定含义的结构too to 。12On March30, a forest fire _ in Xichang, Sichuan province. Unluckily, 18 firemen and a local guide were killed while putting out the fire.Aran outBbroke outCturned outDcarried out【答案】B【详解】句意：3月30日，四川省西昌市发生森林火灾。不幸的是，18名消防员和一名当地导游在灭火时丧生。考查动词词组。ran o

18、ut用完、耗尽；broke out 爆发；turned out原来是；carried out实施；根据“while putting out the fire.”可知是火灾爆发，可推测出此处是“broke out”，故选B。【点睛】题目要求根据语境来选择合适的动词词组完成句子，做题时要根据部分句意及句子结构来推出所需动词词组的意思，然后结合语法知识来选择合适的动词词组。本题可根据句意来判断所需词意为“爆发”，只有broke out是这个意思，很容易得出答案。13My parents are sometimes too hard me. Are they? They just want you t

19、o spend more time your lessons.Aon; withBon; onCwith; on【答案】B【详解】句意：我父母有时对我要求太严了。是吗？他们只是想让你花更多的时间在功课上。考查介词辨析。on（表示方向）在，向，对；with和，表伴随。be hard on sb对某人苛刻，对某人严格要求；spend time on sth.在某事上花费时间，都是固定短语；根据句意语法，故选B。14I_working in Xiongan New Area in Hebei.Alook upBlook likeClook afterDlook forward to【答案】D【详解】

20、句意：我期待在河北雄安新区工作。考查动词短语。look up（在词典中、通过网络）查询；look like看起来像；look after照顾，照看；look forward to期待，盼望。根据语境可知，句子说的是：期待在河北雄安新区工作。故选D。15Our country is developing more and more quickly. So many high buildings have been _ all over the cities in China.Aput upBput downCput awayDput off【答案】A【详解】句意：我们国家发展得越来越快。在中国很

21、多城市建起了很多高楼大厦。考查动词短语。put up建造；put down写下；put away收好；put off推迟。根据“high buildings”可知此处表达“高楼大厦被建”，用动词短语put up。故选A。16Do you know how to operate the machine? Sorry, I dont know.Amake . workBmake.stopCmake.see【答案】A【详解】句意：你知道怎么修好这个机器吗？对不起，我不知道。考查动词短语。operate使运转；make . work使运转；make.stop使停止；make.see使看见；how用来询

22、问方式，根据the machine可推测是让机器运行的方式，故选A。17When Im sad or tired, I often listen to music that can _.Acheer me upBcheer up meCpick me upDpick up me【答案】A【详解】句意：当我悲伤或疲倦的时候，我经常听音乐使自己高兴起来。考查动词短语辨析。cheer up使高兴起来； pick up接载某人；从文字的表层意思推断空格指听音乐使自己高兴起来，所以排除C、D；“动词+副词”结构所带的宾语如果是代词词，只能位于动词和副词之间（动词+代词+副词），所以排除B，故选A。18M

23、ost of the population in the village for big cities. As a result, big cities are becoming more and more crowded.Ahave leftBis movingChave been away【答案】A【详解】句意：这个村子里大多数的人口都去了大城市。结果，大城市变得越来越拥挤。考查动词时态。have left已经离开；is moving现在正在移动；have been away已经离开了。根据句意可知，这里强调农村人口去大城市这个动作对现在的影响，应用现在完成时态，先排除B；空后是介词for

24、，away不与for搭配，故C不对。leave for离开去某地，是固定搭配。故选A。19 Mike, could you tell me why _? Because there is fresh air and it is very quiet at night.Ayou are used to living in the countrysideBare you used to living in the countrysideCyou are used to live in the countrysideDare you used to live in the countryside【答

25、案】A【详解】句意：迈克，你能告诉我你为什么习惯住在乡下吗？ 因为那里有新鲜空气，晚上很安静。考查宾语从句的语序和be used to用法。空格处所在处为宾语从句，应用陈述句语序，B、D选项可排除。根据语境可知，空格处是指为什么你习惯住在乡下，be used to doing sth.意为“习惯做某事”，be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”。A选项符合句意，故选A。【点睛】此题的难点在于需要考生掌握宾语从句需用陈述句语序的语法知识外，还需掌握be used to do sth.与be used to doing sth.之间的差别，be used to doing sth.

26、意为“习惯做某事”，be used to do sth.意为“被用来做某事”，掌握了这两者之间的区别，就可以排除掉错误选项C项。20The film the Wandering Earth sends a message to everyone that we should never _ the hope to live at any time.Aget upBgive upCput upDmake up【答案】B【详解】句意：电影流浪地球给大家传递的是这样的一个信息：我们在任何时候绝不应该放弃生存的希望。考查动词短语辨析。get up起床；give up放弃；put up张贴；make u

27、p编造。根据句意可知，我们不应该放弃生存的希望。故选B。【点睛】与up有关的短语：bring up教育，培养cheer up使开心clean up打扫drink up喝光eat up吃光end up结束fix up修理，修补hang up挂断电话hurry up赶快get up起床give up放弃grow up成长，长大look up查阅，向上看make up组成mix up把混合到一起open up打开pick up捡起put up张贴，建造，举起ring up打电话set up搭建，建立show up出现take up开始从事think up想出come up with想出，提出make

28、 up ones mind下决心21She used to _with her parents，but now she is used to _with her classmates at school.AlivinglivingBliveliveClivelivingDlivinglive【答案】C【详解】句意：她过去和父母住在一起，但现在她习惯了在学校和同学住在一起。used to：后跟强调动作的动词时表示“过去常常”，used to的后面跟动词原形；be used to表示“习惯于做某事”人作主语，后面用v-ing形式：be used to doing sth.；结合所给的选项可知，C正

29、确。【点睛】used to do sth. 表示过去常常做某事，而现在往往不做了。I used to get up early in the morning when I was still a high school student. 我还是个高中生的时候，常常一大早就起床。be used to doing sth. 表示习惯于做某事。I am used to eating rice now. 我现在习惯吃米饭了。22When we see any waste lying on the ground，we should_. Agive it upBturn it upCpick it upD

30、cheer it up【答案】C【详解】句意：当我们地面上有垃圾时，我们应该把它捡起来。give up放弃；turn up调高（音量）；pick up捡起；cheer up使振作起来。根据从句内容，可知是捡起垃圾，pick up是动词加副词构成的动词短语，当加代词作宾语时，代词放中间，故选C。【点睛】动词短语辨析主要考查同一个动词与不同介词或副词的搭配或者不同动词与同一个介词或副词的搭配产生不同意义的动词短语。同时我们还要注意，在动词加副词构成的动词短语中，当加代词作宾语时，代词放中间。23Dont cry! Stop behaving like a child! You should , f

31、ace the difficulty and find a way as soon as possible.Alook downBcalm downCgrow upDgive up【答案】B【详解】句意：不要哭！别表现得像个孩子！你应该冷静下来，面对困难，尽快找到办法。A. look down向下看；B. calm down冷静；C. grow up长大；D. give up放弃。根据上文劝告不要哭，及后文建议面对困难尽快找到办法，可知此处指冷静下来，故选B。【点睛】动词短语辨析主要考查同一个动词与不同介词或副词的搭配或者不同动词与同一个介词或副词的搭配产生不同意义的动词短语。动词短语的词义辨

32、析试题旨在通过题干或微型语境考查学生对上下文的理解、动词短语的不同搭配识别、记忆及动词短语词义的辨析并恰当运用动词短语的能力。该题首先辨别四个选项的意思，然后通过语境很容易就能判断出答案选B。24Our teacher always says that being careful and brave can help many problems in life.Aput outBwork outCtake outDcarry out【答案】B【详解】句意：我们的老师总是说细心和勇敢能帮助我们解决生活中的许多难题。考查短语辨析。A. put out扑灭；B. work out计算出，解决；C.

33、take out带出去；D. carry out实施。根据空后“many problems”可知应是解决难题。故答案为B。25-According to a new survey from Banfield Pet Hospital, having pets helps the pet owner manage their time better.- I cant agree more. Pets also help them learn to _ others in their daily life.Ahear fromBcare forCdrop inDknock into【答案】B【详解

34、】句意：根据班菲尔德宠物医院的一项新调查，养宠物有助于宠物主人更好地管理时间。我完全同意。宠物也帮助他们学会在日常生活中照顾他人。本题考查动词短语。hear from收到的来信；care for关心，drop in顺便拜访，knock into撞上。根据having pets helps the pet owner manage their time better.可知，此处介绍养宠物的好处，因此帮助照顾其他人，故选B。26Chinese athlete Wu Dajing won an Olympic short track gold medal at Pyeongchang (平昌)201

35、8 Winter Olympics. And now this 23-year-old Olympic champion is the next Winter Olympics which will be held in China in 2022.Aused toBsupposed toClooking forward to【答案】C【详解】句意：中国运动员武大靖在2018年平昌冬奥会上获得奥运会短道金牌。现在这位23岁的奥运冠军期待着下一届于2022年在中国举行的冬奥会。考查动词词组。A项，过去常常；B项，应该；C项，期待盼望。根据句中夺冠是过去发生的事情，以及2022年的奥运会是将来要发

36、生的事情，可知，此处是对未来的一种期待。所以be looking forawrd to符合题意。故选C。27The mother looked sadly _ her sick son through the window of the ward（病房）.AatBafterClikeDup【答案】A【详解】句意：这位母亲透过病房的窗户伤心地看着她生病的儿子。考查介词。look at看；look after照顾；look like看起来像；look up查找。根据句中through the window of the ward可知，此处是表示“妈妈通过窗户看着生病的儿子”。故选A。【点睛】loo

37、k是不及物动词，常和介词搭配，常见的又有：lookat看，例如：Lookatthebook.lookoutof通过往外看，例如：Lookoutofthewindow.lookup查阅，向上看，例如：Dontlookup. lookthrough浏览，例如：Helooksthroughthebookquickly. lookafter照顾，例如：Lookafteryouself. looklike看起来像，例如：Helookslikehisfather. lookfor寻找，例如：Sheislookingforherkeys. 本题中考查的就是lookat的使用，sadly是副词，放在look的

38、后面对其进行修饰。28Photos can _ memories of old days to people.Atake backBcome backCbring backDgive back.【答案】C【详解】句意：照片能够把过去的日子的记忆带给人们。A. take back收回；B. come back回来；C. bring back带回；D. give back归还。根据常识，可知，照片可以给人们带来以前的回忆，故选C。29一Id like to speak to the chief engineer of the building. Could you me ?一Ok. Please

39、hold on for a moment.Aput; outBput; throughCput; inDput; up【答案】B【详解】句意：我想和大楼的总工程师谈谈。你能帮我接通吗？ 好吧。请稍等片刻。A. put; out扑灭；B. put; through接通；C. put; in提出（请求）；D. put; up张贴。分析句子，结合选项，推测语境是：我想和大楼的总工程师谈谈。你能帮我接通吗？ 好吧。请稍等片刻。考查短语put sb. through“为某人接通电话”的意思。故选B。30The chemical change _ in paper when it burns.Atakes

40、 overBtakes placeCtakes afterDtakes off【答案】B【详解】句意：纸张燃烧时会发生化学变化。考查动词短语辨析。takes over接管；takes place发生；takes after像；takes off起飞。根据“The chemical changein paper when it burns”以及常识可知燃烧时会发生化学变化。故选B。31As we all know that plastic bottles can be recycled, please dont _.Athrow it awayBthrow them awayCthrow awa

41、y them【答案】B【详解】句意：我们都知道塑料瓶是可以回收的，请不要扔掉。考查动词短语和代词辨析。it它，单数形式；them它们，复数形式；throw away扔掉，是由动词和副词构成的动词短语，当宾语是代词时，要置于副词之前，故排除C项；根据前后句句意，空处代词是指“plastic bottles”，复数形式，故宾格代词应用them，故排除A项。故选B。32Do I have to eat less and exercise more, Mom?Yes, dear. Or you will _ weight again.Aput offBput upCput onDput down【答案

42、】C【详解】句意：妈妈，我必须少吃多运动吗？是的，亲爱的。否则你又会发胖的。考查动词短语辨析。put off推迟；put up张贴；put on打开/增加；put down贬低。由题干“you willweight again”，可知“体重增加”符合语境，故选C。33Its warm inside. Youd better _ your coat.Atake awayBtake upCtake downDtake off【答案】D【详解】句意：里面很暖和。你最好把外套脱下来。考查动词短语辨析。take away拿走；take up占据；take down记下；take off脱掉。根据“Its

43、 warm inside”及“your coat”可知，建议脱掉外套，故选D。34Please _ the light. I could hardly see what the sign says.Aturn downBturn onCturn offDturn up【答案】B【详解】句意：请把灯打开。我几乎看不清牌子上写着什么。考查动词短语。turn down关小，调低；turn on打开；turn off 关掉；turn up调高；根据“I could hardly see what the sign says.”可知，此处是要打开灯，故选B。35The children tried th

44、eir best to win the soccer game, but they _ losing it.Agave upBended upClooked upDshowed up【答案】B【详解】句意：孩子们尽最大努力去赢得足球比赛，但他们以失败告终。考查动词词组。gave up放弃；ended up结束；looked up查找；showed up展示。题干中but表转折，即虽然孩子们努力想赢得比赛，但是最终还是输掉了比赛。故选B。36The energy from the sun and wind is very cheap and it will never_.Acome outBla

45、y outCcarry outDrun out【答案】D【详解】句意：太阳能和风能非常便宜，而且永远不会用完。考查动词短语。come out出来、出版；lay out布置、安排；carry out执行；run out用完、耗尽。根据“The energy from the sun and wind”指的是太阳能和风能，结合常识，可知这两种能源不会用完，故选D。37There are some suggestions on how to _ a plan to help the poor children to get good education.Aend up withBcome up wi

46、thCkeep up withDbe busy with【答案】B【详解】句意：关于如何想出一个帮助贫困儿童接受良好教育的计划，这有一些建议。考查动词短语辨析。end up with 以结束；come up with 想出，提出（计划、想法等）；keep up with 跟上；be busy with 忙于。how表示“怎样”，a plan 表示“一个计划”，结合给出四个选项可知本句说的是“如何想出一个帮助贫困儿童的计划”，B符合语境，故选B。38Youd better _ your spelling when writing in English.Aget used toBpay atten

47、tion toCget ready toDlook forward to【答案】B【详解】句意：用英语写作时，你最好注意拼写。考查动词短语。get used to习惯于；pay attention to注意；get ready to准备；look forward to盼望；根据“your spelling when writing in English”可知，此处是建议要注意拼写，故选B。39The teachers words were encouraging and _ me, so I decided to plan my life carefully and have a new st

48、art.Aget on well withBhad an influence onCtook pride inDgot used to【答案】B【详解】句意：老师的话很鼓舞人心，对我有影响，所以我决定认真规划自己的人生，重新开始。考查动词短语词义辨析。get on well with与相处融洽；had an influence on对有影响；took pride in以自豪；got used to习惯于。根据后句“so I decided to plan my life carefully and have a new start.”可知，是老师的话对我有影响了。故选B。40My uncle is against wasting anythingNo wonder he would rather _ the old bike than _ a new oneArepair； to buyBto repair： buyCrepair； buy【答案】C【详解】句意：我叔叔反对浪费任何东西。难怪他宁愿修理旧自行车也不愿买新自行车。would rather do sth than do sth表示宁愿做某事而不愿做某事。repair修理；buy买。根据题意，故选C。