专题20 阅读理解之说明文-备战2024年中考英语常考语法点 题型练习(中考真题 名校最新真题)(福建专用).docx

1、专题20 阅读理解之说明文(中考真题+名校最新真题)（2023福建中考真题）Scientists have developed a way to read minds, translating unspoken thoughts into written words. Its the first time its been done without having to put anything into the brain. They used artificial intelligence (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer sys

2、tem that is able to “think” for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.Scientists used a special scanner (扫描器). The machine can see where blood runs, which shows the parts of the brain that are most active. People taking part in the experiment (实验) listened to the radio f

3、or 16 hours as their brains were scanned. The AI tool learned to connect certain brain activity with words they heard. After that, each person was asked to think of a story, and the AI tool managed to pick up these thoughts as they happened.The results had about a 50% accuracy rate (准确率), although t

4、he AI found it hard to work out the meaning of pronouns, such as he or she, her or him. For example, it turned “I dont have my drivers license yet” into “She has not even started to learn to drive yet.” It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words.

5、 The AI was personalized, so when it had learnt from one person but it was tested on another, it couldnt understand their thoughts.The scientists, who have been working on the technology for 15 years, say they understand the risks of it being used badly. Scientist Jerry Tang told a newspaper, “We wa

6、nt to make sure people only use these types of technologies when they want to, and that it helps them.” The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.1What does the underlined word “It” in pa

7、ragraph 1 refer to (指代)?AA way.BAnything.CThe brain.DAI.2What is the main purpose of paragraph 2?ATo describe the process of the experiment.BTo explain the results of the experiment.CTo offer some opinions about the experiment.DTo list the difficulties with the experiment.3What does the example in p

8、aragraph 3 show?AThe AI is much cleverer than people.BThe AI didnt start the work as it was ordered.CThe AI couldnt understand the exact words of what people thought.DThe AI will be well developed according to peoples special needs.4What can we learn from the text?AIt is not difficult to take AI und

9、er control.BAI will not be used in a proper way in the future.CAI is so wise that it can treat people with medical problems.DIts expected that AI will help those speechless exchange ideas.5What can be the best title for the text?AHigh Risks of Using AI.BMind-Reading Development.CImportance of Human

10、Brain.DWays of Improving Technology.（2023福建中考真题）In the past nine years, Li Jin, who was born in Guangxi but raised in Sanya, has made great efforts to protect the waters of Sanya city in Hainan. He is now spreading the knowledge of environmental protection through new media platforms (媒体平台).Around 2

11、014, he began doing volunteer work to clear rubbish from the beaches and officially registered (注册) as a volunteer in May, 2017. Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River.In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer service center which has 1, 170 regis

12、tered members who take part in activities without asking for payment. So far, he has spent about 3, 800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 events. More than 2, 300 people have joined in with his encouragement. Theyve drawn the attention of both the adults (成年人) and the children to the importa

13、nce of protecting the oceans and beaches. Since it was set up, his center has organized 51 beach-cleaning activities that have seen about 1, 800 people join in. In 2021, because of Lis growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short vi

14、deos, in which he uses simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.“My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid. But the work itself is of great value. So I will continue doing the environmental protection work,” he said.

15、6What is Li Jin trying hard to protect?AThe beaches in Guangxi.BThe waters of Sanya.CThe wildlife on the Sanya River.DThe cities in Hainan.7How many people join Li Jins volunteer service center?A550.B1,170.C1,800.D2,300.8What can we know from paragraph 3?AMillions of people join in Li Jins activitie

16、s.BMembers in Li Jins service center get paid.CMost activities are organized for children.DSome videos Li Jin made are a success.9Which of the following best describes Li Jin?AQuiet and kind-hearted.BPatient and humorous.CStrong-minded and selfless.DHonest and easygoing.10What is the text mainly abo

17、ut?AA hero praised for volunteer work.BThe leader in a cleanup activity.CThe meaning of protecting water.DA volunteer service center.（2022福建统考中考真题）Success is often considered to be the opposite of failure. To teenagers, it is the achievement of a goal or completion of something they really need, suc

18、h as good grades and the ability to get along well with their classmates. Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-building to make sure teenagers achiev

19、e success in building human relationships.Schools give chances to students to discover their hidden ability so that they can enjoy some form of success. For example, those good at speaking skills are advised to take part in speech competitions while those interested in arts are expected to perform i

20、n front of their classmates. Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs.Teenagers are often told that success is not easy to achieve and that success lies in hard work. Great efforts have to be put into project work. Doing things much later than planned should be

21、avoided as this will lead to a mountain of work which finally makes them nervous. Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task has to be completed.Sticking to moral values is the key to success too. Honest teenagers will win the trust of friends leadin

22、g to good relationships. Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement.11What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指代)?ATheir classmates

23、.BSome schools.CMost parents.DTheir children.12Why are students given chances to take part in activities?ATo get good grades.BTo improve speaking ability.CTo express their love for arts.DTo get the pleasure of success.13What can we learn from Paragraph 3?AProject work makes teenagers nervous.BGood q

24、ualities will lead to a happy life.CTeenagers are advised to complete tasks in time.DTaking responsibility will make work much easier.14What is important for making students strong minded?AHonesty.BSelf-motivation.CCommunication.DFriends trust.15What can be the best title for the text?AThe Value of

25、Moral EducationBThe Key to Discovering Hidden AbilityCThe Meaning of Success to TeenagersDThe Way to Communicate with Others（2023福建福州福建省福州第十六中学校联考模拟预测）For middle and primary school students, being able to cook has become a must. They will also need to learn how to plant vegetables, raise poultry (家禽

26、) and mend home appliances (家电) under new requirements for labor education. The Ministry of Education (MOE) brought out a new standard for labor education in schools last year. Starting from the 2022 fall semester, students in primary and middle schools have to take courses on labor skills at least

27、once a week.Labor education helps students value hard work. It includes things like household chores (家务), on-campus labor and community volunteer services.The new standards include three types of labor tasks. The first is for things like everyday chores, including cleaning, organizing, cooking, and

28、 using and maintaining home appliances. Next is productive labor, including agriculture, making traditional handicrafts, and applying new technologies such as 3D printing and laser cutting (激光切割). The third type is service work, which includes volunteer work.Schools in China have traditionally place

29、d more focus on studying and many have seen household chores as a waste of childrens time. But according to the MOE, labor education must be built up to help students cultivate (培养) social values and develop an interest in labor.Online, people have been busy discussing the new standards on social me

30、dia.Liu Fang, a mother of 6-year-old twins in Beijing, strongly supports labor education. For the past year, she has trained her daughters to do household chores and make simple dishes for the family.“The main idea is to let them share responsibility as family members and become independent as early

31、 as they can,” said Liu. “Through doing housework, their hand-eye coordination (协调), time management and organization skills can be trained and its also good to help them relax.” Through such education, Liu said her twins have found fun in doing chores and are more independent.16Who should take part

32、 in the labor course according to the new standard for labor education in schools?Astudents over 20 years oldBstudents in junior high schoolCparentsDteachers and students17What can students learn through labor education?a. How to plant vegetables.b. How to raise chickens or ducks.c How to be more fo

33、cused in class.d. How to fix computers or fridges.AabcBabdCbcdDacd18What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?AWhy students should receive labor education.BWhat labor education was like in China in the past.CThe types of labor education included in the new standard.DHow students find a balance between their

34、study and labor tasks.19What does Liu Fang think of labor education?AIts too simple for students.BIt isnt fun enough for studentsCIt takes up too much of students free time.DIt helps students develop different skills.20What is the passage mainly about?ANew courses for primary school students.BLabor

35、education for primary and middle school students.CWays to cultivate students social values.DNew technologies used in primary and middle schools.（2023福建福州福建省福州第一中学校考模拟预测）Whenever we hear the name Leonardo da Vinci, most of us probably think of his famous paintings the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper. B

36、ut do you know that he also did well in many other areas outside of art?Leonardo da Vinci was considered to be one of the most talented and the cleverest people of all time. He left behind many notebooks full of creative ideas and inventions. They were also full of different subjects that he was stu

37、dying. He spelt words backwards（朝反方向）and revered（使反转）each letter. So his notes could only be read through the use of a mirror. This “mirror writing” might have helped protect his ideas from getting stolen by others.In his notebooks, there were designs for flying machines. It wasnt until about 400 ye

38、ars later that people learned how to use machines to fly. Leonardo da Vinci drew pictures and designs of war machines, musical instruments and many other things as well.Besides, he was also interested in the human body. He studied the human body a lot. He described different parts of the body in his

39、 notebooks. One of his most famous drawings, the Vitruvian Man, imagines a man with perfect proportions（比例）. Leonardo da Vinci also studied the bodies of horses, cows, frogs, monkeys and other animals.Leonardo da Vinci believed that science and art were closely connected. In his opinion, the study o

40、f science and nature helped shape his work as an artist. Do you agree with him?21Which design of the following didnt Leonardo da Vinci draw according to the passage?AWar machines.BFlying machines.CReversing mirrors.DMusical instruments.22The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 2 refers to _.ALeonard

41、o da Vincis notebooksBLeonardo da Vincis paintingsCLeonardo da Vinci5s ideasDLeonardo da Vincis designs23Which of the following was Leonardo da Vincis idea ?AScience and his artworks werent closely connected.BLearning science helped him make better works of art.CAll artists should learn to make scie

42、ntific inventions.DThe study of nature couldnt improve his work as an artist.24Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?ABCD25Whats the main purpose of the passage?ATo let us know more about the Mona Lisa and The Last Supper.BTo show us some of Leonardo da Vincis flying machine

43、s.CTo let us know more about Leonardo da Vinci.DTo let us help find Leonardo da Vincis special notebooks.（2023福建厦门厦门双十中学校考模拟预测）When Reginald Johnston, a British scholar, first walked into the Forbidden City in 1919, most palaces werent allowed to visit. But a century later, when the Peoples Republic

44、 of China is to celebrate its 70th founding anniversary in October, the 599-year-old palace complex becomes the worlds busiest museum.Open to the publicIn the old days, ordinary people could only imagine what it looked like inside. When the Palace Museum was founded in 1925, the public could go into

45、 the palaces. Now 80% of the total area of the museum is open to the public and it will increase to 85% in 2025.Embracing the world“It felt like you were hit by hundreds of years of history,” Christopher Allen from Britain said. “I begin to love its history and culture.”The Forbidden City is becomin

46、g more open and friendly to visitors. It attracted about 3.5 million visitors from abroad and 9 overseas exhibitions were held in 2018. The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon everywhere it goes.Attracting the youthOn the Palace Museums online store on Taobao, you can find more th

47、an 10 000 cultural products. The ones with cute and humorous pictures of emperors are very popular.Some favourite products also go offline. For example, the Kangxi Emperors Favourite Chocolate, the most popular drink always has people lining up to get a taste.As a child, Xu Jing often rode a bike in

48、 front of the Meridian Gate. “I had little memory of the museum then, but now I am more willing to visit it after watching several popular TV shows about the museum,” she said.26The current situation of the Forbidden City is that _.Ait has become the worlds busiest museumBmost palaces are still not

49、allowed to visitCit is closed to all the world except local peopleDit is not open because there are too many exhibits27The Palace Museum has been open to the public for _ years.A70B95C100D59928Which is NOT the reason that the Forbidden City attracts more visitors from abroad?AForeigners are hit by h

50、undreds of years of Chinese history.BThe Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors.CThe ticket price of the Forbidden City is the lowest.DThe Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon everywhere it goes.29According to the last part, the youth know more about the Pala

51、ce Museum mainly through _.a. the online store on Taobaob. offline storesc. history booksd. popular TV showsAa,b,dBa,b,cCb,c,dDa,c,d30Which is RIGHT according to the passage?AThe Palace Museum becomes world famous in a short period.BVisitors can leave their footprints (HE) in each area of the museum

52、.CAll the native people were willing to visit the museum when they were kids.DWith the development of China, the Palace Museum opens its arms and welcomes the visitors from all around the world.（2023福建漳州校联考模拟预测）Have you ever wondered what animals are talking about? With the development of AI, we may

53、 be able to understand their languages!All around the animal kingdom (王国), there are sounds that we can hardly pick up and understand. Elephants for example talk with each other using infrasound (次声波) that cant be heard by humans. Coral in the ocean also sends sound waves to attract baby coral to sa

54、fer areas to grow. This is surprising as coral doesnt have any ears! Scientists have placed listening equipment into these environments to pick up the sounds humans cannot hear.After the sounds are recorded, AI can study their meaning. For example, Israeli researchers used AI to translate bats 15,00

55、0 calls. They found that more than 60 percent were arguments about four things: food, sleep positions, invasion (侵犯) of personal space, and unwanted advances (求爱). This technology can not only understand the animals but communicate back to them. For example, bees use dances to communicate. A researc

56、h team in Germany, therefore, put the bee language AI system into a robot bee. They asked the robot to create a dance routine (路线) to tell the bees where the nectar (花蜜) was, Vox reported.31Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?APeople can understand animals talk now.BIts hard for peo

57、ple to hear animals sound.CElephants sound is higher than corals.DPeople cant hear corals sound with their ears.32If baby coral receives sound waves, it may _.Aknow where to get foodBmove to a safer placeCdevelop a better hearingDsend back some sounds33Bats produce most of the sound to _Adeal with l

58、ife needsBask for food from othersCsend out signal of warningDshow theyre sleeping34The writer introduced German research team to _.Aexplain how researchers invented a robot beeBshow readers how people help bees find the nectarCtell us scientists can communicate back to animalsDprove scientists can

59、put animal languages into AI system35Which of the following is the best structure (结构) of the text?ABCD（2023福建福州福建省福州铜盘中学校考模拟预测）Chinas biggest solar-powered drone(太阳能无人机), Qimingxing-50 or Morning Star 50, finished its first test flight in September, 2022. The drone was built by the Aviation Industr

60、y Corporation of China(AVIC, 中国航空工业集团有限公司). Drones have been used for quite a few years now. There are different ways of increasing the flying time. However, all these methods become less useful compared with the unlimited(无限的) power provided by the Sun. Thats why researchers have been working to ma

61、ke solar-powered drones that can not only stay in the air for longer but also perform more tasks while in the sky. In 2018, China tested the first version(版本) of Morning Star, which was 91 feet wide. Made from a special kind of plastic, the drone was so light, weighing only 41 pounds. Compared with

62、it, the Morning Star 50 is much larger and has a wingspan(翼展) of 164 feet. On September 3, Morning Star 50 took off from an airport in Yulin City in the Shaanxi province in northwest China and landed back 26 minutes later after a smooth flight. Staff told some local reporters that all flight systems

63、 worked normally. This is a good start for future flights of the solar-powered drone that could last for many days or even months at a time. In the US, Airbus has been testing the Zephyr solar-powered drones for the past few years. Its latest version, the Zephyr S, came close to breaking the record

64、for the longest flight. It stayed in the air for 64 days. Unluckily, the drone fell onto the ground only a few hours before it would have set a new record.36Which one is an advantage of solar powered drone researchers want?ATheyre cheaper than others.BThey can fly in bad weather.CThey fly at a highe

65、r speed.DThey can stay in the air for longer.37What made the first version of Morning Star light?AIts look.BIts material.CThe power it uses.DThe tasks it performs.38What did the staff think of the Morning Star 50s test flight?AIt was simple.BIt was successful.CIt was unexpected.DIt was dangerous.39W

66、hat can we know about Zephyr S?AIt failed to land smoothly.BIt flew for only a few hours.CIt set a new record in the US.DIt had been tested for many years.40Whats the main purpose of the text?ATo compare different drones.BTo discuss drones future.CTo report a drones test flight.DTo tell the importan

67、ce of drones.（2023福建龙岩统考一模）Can plants talk? Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other. It has been known for some time that plants use chemicals to communicate with each other. This happens when a plant gets attacked by insects. The plant gives out chemicals fr

68、om the leaves that are being eaten. This is like a warning, or a call for help: “Im being attacked!” When another plant gets the chemicals, it starts to give out its own, different chemicals. Some of these chemicals drive insects away. More surprisingly, plants also use sound to communicate. People

69、cant hear these sounds; but plants are making them. Some plants make noises with their roots. Corn and chili plants do this. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water. Most surprisingly of all, plants have an amazing system of communication that can link nearly every plant in a

70、forest. Scientists call this system the “wood wide web”. The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi（霉菌）. It links the roots of different plants to each other. It is in some ways similar to the Internet we use. Using the wood wide web, plants can share information and even food with each other.

71、 However, it may lead to bad effects. Plants may use it to steal food from each other, or spread chemicals to attack other plants. Scientists are learning more every day about the secret ways in which plants talk to each other. Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able t

72、o “talk” with them ourselves.41What does the word “leaves” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A遗弃B准许C假期D叶子42How are the wood wide web linked by fungi?ABy connecting the roots of different plants to each other.BBy sharing food and information with each other.CBy making noises with their roots.DBy spreadi

73、ng chemicals to each other.43What is the writers intention（意图）of the last paragraph?ATo give people hope for further studies.BTo praise scientists for their great achievements.CTo call on people to protect the plants on Earth.DTo inspire people to communicate with plants.44What is the structure of t

74、he passage?ABCD45Which is the best title for the passage?AThe Secret Language of PlantsBThe Study about the Plant Warning SystemCThe Plants that Give WarningsDWhy Scientists Do Research about Plants（2023福建泉州统考三模）On a Sunday, a caterpillar (毛虫) is born. It is so hungry that it eats an apple on Monday

75、. Still hungry, it eats two pears on Tuesday, three plums (李子) on Thursday, four strawberries on Friday and five oranges on Saturday. After eating more food, it finally turns into a butterfly. This is the story of the childrens picture book The Very Hungry Caterpillar. The books author and illustrat

76、or (插画家) was Eric Carle, who passed away in 2021 at the age of 91. Carle illustrated more than 70 childrens books which have sold more than 170 million copies. The Very Hungry Caterpillar, Carles most popular book, has sold 40 million copies and been translated into 60 languages. Besides answering t

77、he question of where butterflies come from, it also teaches children about different kinds of food, as well as how to count. Carle didnt start creating childrens books until he was nearly 40. But he found great inspiration in his own childhood. Born in New York. US. Carle was introduced to the wonde

78、rs of living creatures thanks to his father.“He would show me worms,bugs, bees and ants and explain their lives to me. It was a very loving relationship.” Carle said. These animals became the characters in his books. “The unknown often brings fear with it.” Carle said. “In my books I try to countera

79、ct (抵消) this fear, to replace it with a positive message.” In his own words, The Very Hungry Caterpillar is “a book of hope”. “ ,” he said. “Youlittle insignificant caterpillarcan grow up into a beautiful butterfly and fly into the world with your talent.”46How does the writer start his text?_ABy gi

80、ving examples.BBy listing reasons.CBy telling a story.DBy comparing facts.47How many copies of The Very Hungry Caterpillar were sold?_A120 million.B70 million.C60 million.D40 million.48What do we know about Eric Carle?_AHe is the main character in his books.BHe wrote more than 70 childrens books.CHe

81、 is a famous writer as well as an illustrator.DHe began to create childrens books when he was young.49Which of the following is the best sentence to fill in the blank in Paragraph 6?_AI love childrenBChildren need hopeCMy book is meaningfulDIts wonderful to be a butterfly50What does the writer try t

82、o express in the text?_AA loving father is a must of success.BIts important to go out to enjoy nature.CCaterpillar is such a cute and lovely insect.DFace the fear bravely to make a big difference.参考答案：1D 2A 3C 4D 5B【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍科学家开发出一种读心的方法，将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字。1代词指代题。分析“They used artificial intellige

83、nce (AI) (人工智能). It is the name given to a computer system that is able to think for itself and carry out tasks that usually require human intelligence.”可知，他们使用了人工智能，它是一种计算机系统的名称，它能够自己“思考”，并执行通常需要人类智能才能完成的任务。此处It指的是AI，故选D。2段落大意题。分析第二段内容可知，本段主要介绍这种特殊的扫描仪的实验过程，故选A。3细节理解题。根据“For example, it turned I do

84、nt have my drivers license yet into She has not even started to learn to drive yet. It could usually understand the meaning of what someone was thinking rather than the exact words.”可知，例如，它把“我还没有驾照”变成了“她甚至还没有开始学开车。”它通常能理解人们在想什么，而不是确切的话语。故选C。4推理判断题。根据“Scientists have developed a way to read minds, tr

85、anslating unspoken thoughts into written words.”和“The scientists hope it will help people with certain medical conditions, who are still awake but have lost the ability to speak, to communicate once again.”可知，可以将将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字，科学家们希望它能帮助那些患有某些疾病的人，那些仍然清醒但失去了说话能力的人，再次与人交流。由此可知，预计人工智能将帮助那些哑口无言的人交流思想。

86、故选D。5最佳标题题。本文主要介绍科学家开发出一种读心的方法，将未说出口的想法转化为书面文字。选项B“读心术的发展”符合主题，故选B。6B 7B 8D 9C 10A【导语】本文讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚河湖水生态环境的故事。6细节理解题。根据“Li Jin immediately took the lead in a cleanup activity on the Sanya River.”可知李金参与了三亚河湖清理工作，努力保护三亚河的水。故选B。7细节理解题。根据“In April, 2021, he used his own money to set up a volunteer

87、service center which has 1, 170 registered members who take part in activities without asking for payment.”可知有1170名志愿者参与活动中。故选B。8细节理解题。根据“In 2021, because of Lis growing influence in environmental protection circles, the city government invited him to make a number of short videos, in which he uses

88、simple words to explain how to protect the environment. Several of the videos have been watched millions of times.(2021年，由于李在环保界的影响力越来越大，市政府邀请他制作了一些短视频，在视频中，他用简单的语言解释如何保护环境。其中一些视频已经被观看了数百万次。)”可知李金制作的视频是很成功的。故选D。9细节理解题。根据“So far, he has spent about 3, 800 hours on volunteer activities in over 550 eve

89、nts.”和“My volunteer work would be meaningless if I got paid. But the work itself is of great value. So I will continue doing the environmental protection work, he said.”可知截至目前为止，他花费了约3800个小时从事志愿者活动，且会继续坚持下去，由此可见他是意志坚强的人；这是志愿者服务，他也是一个无私的人。故选C。10主旨大意题。本文讲述了李金用自己的行动来守护三亚河湖水生态环境的故事，说明李金是一个因志愿者工作而受到赞扬的英雄

90、。故选A。11B 12D 13C 14B 15C【导语】本文主要介绍了现今老师和学校更加关注道德教育和性格塑造，以确保青少年在建立人际关系方面取得成功，同时介绍了帮助孩子们获得成功的关键是什么。11词义猜测题。根据“Some schools used to agree with most parents who measured (判定) the success of their children according to grades, but now they pay special attention to moral (道德的) education and character-buil

91、ding”可知，一些学校过去同意大多数家长用成绩来衡量孩子的成功，但现在他们特别重视道德教育和性格塑造，所以they指代前文提到的some schools，故选B。12细节理解题。根据“Teenagers also get the pleasure of success when they join their favorite clubs”可知，参加活动是为了获得成功的乐趣，故选D。13推理判断题。根据“Another good quality (品质) is a sense of responsibility which makes them remember that a task ha

92、s to be completed”可知，如果孩子们有责任感，这会让他们记得要按时完成任务，故选C。14细节理解题。根据“Self-motivation (自我激励) is another quality to be developed, for self-motivated teenagers will have the strong will and drive to perform a task and finally get to enjoy a sense of achievement”可知，自我激励的青少年会有坚强的意志，故选B。15最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文围绕“succes

93、s成功”这一个词展开描述，介绍了成功对于孩子们的意义，以及成功的关键，所以C选项“成功对青少年的意义”符合本文标题，故选C。16B 17B 18C 19D 20B【导语】本文着重介绍了教育部2022年秋季实施的劳动教育新标准的内容以及部分家长对其的看法。16细节理解题。根据“Starting from the 2022 fall semester, students in primary and middle schools have to take courses on labor skills at least once a week.”可知初中生应该参加劳动课程。故选B。17细节理解题。

94、根据“They will also need to learn how to plant vegetables, raise poultry and mend home appliances under new requirements for labor education.”以及“The first is for things like everyday chores, including cleaning, organizing, cooking, and using and maintaining home appliances. Next is productive labor, i

95、ncluding agriculture, making traditional handicrafts, and applying new technologies such as 3D printing and laser cutting. The third type is service work, which includes volunteer work.”可知如何种菜，如何养鸡养鸭，如何修电脑和冰箱都可以从中学习。故选B。18段落大意题。根据第四段“The first is for things like everyday chores, including cleaning,

96、organizing, cooking, and using and maintaining home appliances. Next is productive labor, including agriculture, making traditional handicrafts, and applying new technologies such as 3D printing and laser cutting. The third type is service work, which includes volunteer work.”可知，介绍了教育部规定的学生劳动新标准的三个方

97、面，即日常琐事，使用和维护家用电器，生产性劳动。所以第四段主要介绍新标准所包括的内容。故选C。19推理判断题。从刘芳所叙述中“Through doing housework, their hand-eye coordination, time management and organization skills can be trained and its also good to help them relax.”可知通过做家务，他们的手眼协调, 可以训练时间管理和组织技能，帮助他们放松心情也很好，因此是帮助孩子发展了不同的技能。故选D。20主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文着重介绍教育部劳动教

98、育关于中小学的实施的新标准。故选B。21C 22A 23B 24B 25C【导语】本文主要介绍了达芬奇在艺术之外的其他领域也有卓越的表现。21细节理解题。根据“In his notebooks, there were designs for flying machines.”和“Leonardo da Vinci drew pictures and designs of war machines, musical instruments and many other things as well.”可知，达芬奇画过飞行器、战争机器、乐器等设计。没有提到画过翻转的镜子的设计。故选C。22词句猜测

99、题。根据“He left behind many notebooks full of creative ideas and inventions. They were also full of different subjects that he was studying.”可知，他留下了许多充满创意和发明的笔记本。它们也充满了他正在研究的不同物品。因此代词they指代“达芬奇笔记本”。故选A。23细节理解题。根据“In his opinion, the study of science and nature helped shape his work as an artist.”可知，在他看

100、来，对科学和自然的研究有助于他塑造艺术作品。故选B。24篇章结构题。文章第一段引出话题，介绍达芬奇在艺术之外的许多其他领域也有卓越的表现；第二至四段介绍了达芬奇留下了许多充满创意和发明的笔记本；第五段介绍达芬奇对科学和艺术的关系的看法。因此选项B的篇章结构图符合本文内容。故选B。25推理判断题。根据“But do you know that he also did well in many other areas outside of art?”可知，本文主要介绍了达芬奇在艺术之外的其他领域也有卓越的表现。因此本文的写作目的是让我们更了解达芬奇。故选C。26A 27B 28C 29A 30D【

101、导语】本文主要讲述了英国学者Reginald Johnston在1919年第一次走进紫禁城时，大多数宫殿不允许访问，但在一个世纪之后，599岁的宫殿成为世界最繁忙的博物馆，故宫现在向公众开放，并且通过线上线下结合的方式吸引更多的年轻人。26细节理解题。根据文中“when the Peoples Republic of China is to celebrate its 70th founding anniversary in October, the 599-year-old palace complex becomes the worlds busiest museum.”可知当中华人民共和

102、国将于10月庆祝70周年时，有599年历史的故宫建筑群成为世界上最繁忙的博物馆。故选A。27细节理解题。根据文中“When the Palace Museum was founded in 1925”可知1925年故宫博物院成立，结合试题来源，2020年时故宫已经向公众开放95年了。故选B。28推理判断题。根据文中“It felt like you were hit by hundreds of years of history” 可知外国人受到中国数百年历史的冲击，选项A正确；根据文中“The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly

103、 to visitors”可知，紫禁城对游客越来越开放和友好，选项B正确；根据文中“The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon everywhere it goes.”可知故宫博物院的展览成为一种文化现象，选项D正确；文中并没有提到紫禁城的票价是最低的。故选C。29细节理解题。根据“On the Palace Museums online store on Taobao”“Some favourite products also go offline”以及“watching several popular TV show

104、s about the museum”可知年轻人可以从网店、线下商店和电视节目了解故宫。故选A。30细节理解题。根据“The Forbidden City is becoming more open and friendly to visitors. It attracted about 3.5 million visitors from abroad and 9 overseas exhibitions were held in 2018. The Palace Museum exhibition becomes a cultural phenomenon everywhere it goe

105、s”可知随着中国的发展，故宫博物院张开双臂，欢迎来自世界各地的游客。故选D。31D 32B 33A 34C 35A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了通过人工智能破译动物的声音。31推理判断题。根据“Coral in the ocean also sends sound waves to attract baby coral to safer areas to grow. This is surprising as coral doesnt have any ears!”可知，我们人类用耳朵不能听到珊瑚的声音，故选D。32细节理解题。根据“Coral in the ocean also sen

106、ds sound waves to attract baby coral to safer areas to grow.”可知，海洋中的珊瑚发出声波，是为了吸引小珊瑚到更安全的地区生长。故选B。33细节理解题。根据“They found that more than 60 percent were arguments about four things: food, sleep positions, invasion (侵犯) of personal space, and unwanted advances (求爱).”可知，蝙蝠超过60%的人是关于四件事的争论：食物、睡眠姿势、侵犯个人空间和

107、不必要的求爱，即对于生活需求的争论，故选A。34细节理解题。根据“A research team in Germany, therefore, put the bee language AI system into a robot bee. They asked the robot to create a dance routine (路线) to tell the bees where the nectar (花蜜) was, Vox reported.”可知，科学技术不仅可以理解动物，还可以与它们进行交流。故选C。35篇章结构。文章第一段介绍随着人工智能的发展，我们也许能够理解动物的语言；

108、第二、三段具体介绍人工智能监听动物声音以及对于监听的声音进行研究；第四段介绍人工智能不仅可以理解动物，还可以与它们进行交流。所以选项A符合本文的篇章结构，故选A。36D 37B 38B 39A 40C【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国的“Morning Star 50”无人机及其首次试飞。36细节理解题。根据第二段“Thats why researchers have been working to make solar-powered drones that can not only stay in the air for longer but also perform more ta

109、sks while in the sky.”可知，研究人员一直致力于制造太阳能无人机，是因为这种无人机不仅可以在空中停留更长时间，而且可以在空中执行更多任务。故选D。37细节理解题。根据第三段“Made from a special kind of plastic, the drone was so light, weighing only 41 pounds.”可知，这架无人机由一种特殊的塑料制或，重量只有41磅，非常轻。故选B。38推理判断题。根据“Staff told some local reporters that all flight systems worked normally

110、. This is a good start for future flights of the solar-powered drone that could last for many days or even months at a time.”（工作人员告诉一些当地记者，所有飞行系统工作正常。这对太阳能无人机未来的飞行来说是一个良好的开端，它可能一次持续数天甚至数月。）可推知工作人员认为“Morning Star 50”的试飞很成功。故选B。39细节理解题。根据最后一段“Unluckily, the drone fell onto the ground only a few hours

111、before it would have set a new record.”可知，不幸的是，这架无人机在创下新纪录前几个小时就掉到了地上，即它并没有顺利着陆，故选A。40推理判断题。根据全文可知，本文主要介绍了中国的“Morning Star 50”无人机及其首次试飞。选项C“报告无人机的试飞”符合文意，故选C。41D 42A 43A 44D 45A【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了植物之间会交流以及交流的方式。41词句猜测题。根据“The plant gives out chemicals from the leaves that are being eaten.”可知，这种植物从被吃掉

112、的叶子中释放出化学物质。leaves意为“叶子”。故选D。42细节理解题。根据“The wood wide web is linked underground by fungi（霉菌）. It links the roots of different plants to each other.”可知，木网在地下由霉菌连接，它把不同植物的根连接在一起。故选A。43推理判断题。根据“Maybe one day we will know enough about plant communication to be able to talk with them ourselves.”可知，也许有一天，

113、我们会对植物的交流有足够的了解，从而能够与它们“交谈”。据此推断本段的目的是给予人们进一步研究的希望。故选A。44篇章结构题。第一段主要讲了植物之间相互交流的事实；而第二、三、四段主要讲了植物之间交流的方式；第五段主要是总结，因此本文的篇章结构图应是选项B。故选D。45最佳标题题。根据“Modern research has found something amazing: they do communicate with each other.”可知，现代研究发现了一些惊人的事情：它们确实可以互相交流。选项A“植物间的秘密语言”作为标题最为合适。故选A。46C 47D 48C 49B 50D

114、【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了儿童插画家和作家Carle和他的故事。46细节理解题。根据第一段全段内容可知，在一个星期天毛毛虫出生了，它太饿了，所以星期一吃了一个苹果，星期二吃了两个梨，星期四吃了三个李子，星期五吃了四个草莓，星期六吃了五个橙子，吃了更多食物后，它终于变成了一只蝴蝶。这是一个儿童绘本的故事，所以作者是通过讲故事的方式开始他的文章的。故选C。47细节理解题。根据“The Very Hungry Caterpillar, Carles most popular book, has sold 40 million copies”可知，饥饿的毛毛虫售出4000万册。故选D。4

115、8细节理解题。根据“The books author and illustrator (插画家) was Eric Carle”可知，这本书的作者和插画家都是Eric Carle，选项C“Eric Carle是一位著名的作家也是一位插画家”符合题意。故选C。49推理判断题。根据“In his own words, The Very Hungry Caterpillar is a book of hope”可知，用他自己的话来说，饥饿的毛毛虫是一本充满希望的书，推测出下句也是关于希望的话题。选项B“孩子们需要希望”符合题意。故选B。50主旨大意题。根据第五段”The unknown often brings fear with it. In my books I try to counteract (抵消) this fear, to replace it with a positive message.”可知，未知常常带来恐惧，作者说在他的书中可以试图消除这种恐惧，用积极的信息取而代之。选项D“勇敢地面对恐惧才能有所作为”符合题意。故选D。