人教版初二（上）英语第18讲：unit9语法篇（教师版）-张晶.docx

1、Unit 9 语法篇_学生通过本讲学习，能够掌握本单元的重点语法，并在综合能力上有一定的拓展。情态动词用法归纳情态动词有can (could), may (might), must, have to, shall (should, will (would), dare (dared), need (needed), ought to等。 情态动词无人称和数的变化；不能单独使用，必须与其后的动词原形构成谓语 一、 can, could 1) 表示能力（体力、知识、技能）。 Can you lift this heavy box?（体力） Mary can speak three language

2、s.（知识） Can you skate?（技能） 此时可用be able to代替。Can只有一般现在时和一般过去式；而be able to则有更多的时态。 Ill not be able to come this afternoon. 当表示“经过努力才得以做成功某事”时应用be able to，不能用Can。如： He was able to go to the party yesterday evening in spite of the heavy rain. 2) 表示请求和允许。 -Can I go now? - Yes, you can. / No, you cant. 此时可

3、与may互换。在疑问句中还可用could, might代替，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不能用于肯定句和答语中。 - Could I come to see you tomorrow? - Yes, you can. ( No, Im afraid not. ) 3) 表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力）。 Theyve changed the timetable, so we can go by bus instead. This hall can hold 500 people at least. 4) 表示推测（惊讶、怀疑、不相信的态度），用于疑问句、否定句和感叹句中。 Can this

4、 be true? This cant be done by him. How can this be true? 二、 may, might 1) 表示请求和允许。might比 may语气更委婉，而不是过去式。否定回答时可用cant 或mustnt，表示“不可以，禁止”。 -Might/ May I smoke in this room? - No, you mustnt. - May/Might I take this book out of the room? - Yes, you can. (No, you cant / mustnt. ) 用May I.？征徇对方许可时比较正式和客气

5、，而用Can I.？在口语中更常见。 2）用于祈使句，表示祝愿。 May you succeed! 3) 表示推测、可能性（不用于疑问句）。 might不是过去式，它所表示的可能性比may小。 1He may /might be very busy now. 2Your mother may /might not know the truth. 三、 must, have to 1) 表示必须、必要。 You must come in time. 在回答引出的问句时，如果是否定的，不能用mustnt（禁止，不准），而用neednt, dont have to（不必）. - Must we ha

6、nd in our exercise books today? - Yes, you must. - No, you dont have to / you neednt. 2) must是说话人的主观看法， 而have to则强调客观需要。Must只有一般现在时， have to 有更多的时态形式。 1 he play isnt interesting, I really must go now. 2 I had to work when I was your age. 3) 表示推测、可能性（只用于肯定的陈述句） 1 Youre Toms good friend, so you must k

7、now what he likes best. 2 Your mother must be waiting for you now. 四、 dare, need 1) dare作情态动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句和条件从句中, 过去式形式为dared。 1 How dare you say Im unfair? 2 He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he? 3 If we dared not go there that day， we couldnt get the beautiful flowers. 2) need 作情态

8、动词用时, 常用于疑问句、否定句。在肯定句中一般用must, have to, ought to, should代替。 1You neednt come so early. 2. - Need I finish the work today? - Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 3) dare和 need作实义动词用时， 有人称、时态和数的变化。在肯定句中，dare后面常接带to的不定式。在疑问句和否定句中，dare后面可接带to或不带to的不定式。而need后面只能接带to的不定式。 1. I dare to swim across this river.

9、2. He doesnt dare (to) answer. 3. He needs to finish his homework today. 1. 【2019年广东省初中毕业生学业考试英语试题】Look! The traffic light has turned red. We _ stop our car. A. can B. cant C. must D. mustnt 试题分析：句意：看！交通灯成了红灯。我们必须停车。turn red 灯成了红灯；stop sth.停止某物。A. can能；B. cant 不能；C. must 必须；D. mustnt千万别，一定不要。根据常识可知红

10、灯停，这是必须的，故选C。2.【贵州省安顺市2019年中考英语试题】He be in the classroom， I think.No， he be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.A. can； may notB. must； may notC. may； mustnt D. may； cant试题分析：句意：-我认为他可能在教室里。-不，他肯定没有在教室里，我刚才看到他回家了。must，can(could)，may(might) 可以表示猜测，must 表示肯定猜测，用于肯定句，肯定，一定；cant，表示否定猜测，肯定不，

11、另外can(could)，may(might)，表示可能性猜测，可能。根据I think，可知把握比较小，根据I saw him go home a minute ago可知第二句把握大，故选D。3. 【山东省泰安市2019年中考英语试题】Nowadays .all passengers go through safety check before take a train. A. can B. may C. must D. will 试题分析：句意：现在，所有的乘客在上火车之前都必须过安检。A. can 能；B. may 可以；C. must 必须 D. will将要。结合现在的实际情况，可

12、知是必须，故选C。4. 【德州市二O一五年初中学业水平考试英语试题】 Mr. Wang, must I come again to clean the classroom on Sunday?No, you_ . I have asked Kate to do it.A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. shouldnt试题分析：句意：-王老师，我星期天必须再回来打扫教室吗？-不，不必，我已经让Kate去做了。cant 不能，不会；mustnt禁止，不要；neednt 不必，没有必要；shouldnt不应该。must的一般疑问句的回答中，肯定回答仍用must,否定回答用

13、neednt，故应选C。5. 【2019浙江省杭州市中考英语试题】Harrys been driving all day- he be tired.A. need B. can C. shall D. must试题分析：句意：哈利已经开了一整天车了他一定累了。根据句意可知，开了一整天车，所以推测他累是一定的。所以用情态动词must。故选D。基础演练中考训练1. 【北京市2019年中考英语试题】 Jack, _ you ride a bike? Yes, I can. A. can B. may C. need D. must 2.【海南省2019年中考英语试题】Mr. Zhou cant fi

14、nd his ID card anywhere. It be lost.A. cantB. should C. must 3. 【河北省2019年中考英语试题】Theres an important football match today. I _ miss it.A. mayB. cantC. must D. neednt4. 【黑龙江省龙东地区2019年中考英语试题】What about going swimming this afternoon?You _ be joking! Dont you know Im afraid of water? A. may B. canC. must

15、5. 【湖北省孝感市2019年中考英语试题】 Dick, _ I use your e-dictionary? Yes, sure. _ you give it to David after you use it? A. will; WouldB. may; Might C. can; Could D. shall; Should6.【湖南省张家界市2019年中考英语试题】You _ tell anybody about thisits a secret.A. can B. must C. mustnt7.【江苏省常州市2019年中考英语试题】-Who will give us the spe

16、ech on public manners? -Mr. Brown_,but Im not sure. A.can B. need C. must D. might8. 【江苏省盐城市2019年中考英语试题】-Do you have any plans for this summer vacation? -Im not sure. I _ take a trip to Taiwan. A. must B. need C. may D. should 9.【山东省菏泽市2019年中考英语试题】How do you usually go to school? My school is far aw

17、ay. I _ take the bus to school.A. must B. might C. have to10【山东省青岛市2019年中考英语试题】You return the book now. You can keep it until next week if you like.A. have to B. cant C. mustnt D. neednt11.【山东省烟台市2019年中考英语试题】_ I complete the composition today, sir?No, you neednt. You may _tomorrow morning.A. Can, ha

18、nd it in B. May, hand in it C. Must, hand it in D. Need, hand in it12. 【上海市2019年中考英语试题】Martin was so busy _ he old that he gave up his part-time job.A .helping B .helped C .to help D. help13. 【上海市2019年中考英语试题】Mum, _ I visit the Movie Museum tomorrow? -Im afraid you cant . It is closed on Monday .A. m

19、ust B. may C. should D. needACBCC CDCCD CAB巩固提高用can, may, must, need, have to, had better的适当形式填空：1. You _ return the library book on time.2. I _ (not) find the way to the hospital. _ you show me the way?3. _ I finish the work right now? No, you _ (not). You _ do it later.4. He said he _ (not) come t

20、onight.5. Her mother was ill. She _ stay at home and look after her.6. I have to study for a test. (变为否定句)I study for a test.7. They can go to the concert. (改为一般疑问句) they to the concert?8. Can Mary go to your birthday party? (作出否定回答) 9. I often visit my aunt on Sundays. (用the day after tomorrow改写句子)

21、I my aunt .10. Joe has to go to the doctor because he has the flu. (就划线部分提问) Joe to go to the doctor?1. must 2. cannt, can 3. Must, neednt, can 4. might not/couldnt 5. Had to6. dont have to7. Can,go8. No,she cant9. will visit,the day after tomorrow10. Why does,have一、单项选择（共15小题；共15.0分） 1. Lily likes

22、playing piano, and she has piano lesson every Sunday. A. the; theB. the; aC. /; theD. /; a 2. - What are you doing?- Im studying my math test Tuesday morning. A. at; onB. for; onC. for; atD. on; for 3. My sister went to work without breakfast this morning. A. eatingB. to eatC. eatsD. ate 4. I dont l

23、ike living in this city. In autumn theres wind and the weather is always cold in winter. A. too much; much tooB. too much; too much C. much too; too muchD. much too; much too 5. - Would you come to my birthday party tomorrow evening?- Im afraid I . I have to look after my grandparents. A. wouldntB.

24、cantC. wontD. mustnt 6. You can the swimming club first, and then you can the swimming game. A. join; take part inB. take part in; join C. take part in; take part inD. join; join 7. - I finish my homework now?- No, you . Your work is over today. A. Cant; mustB. Must; dont have to C. May; couldntD. C

25、ouldnt; could 8. - ?- Its Monday the 5th. A. How are you todayB. What time is it C. Whats the date todayD. Whats today 9. - Would you like to climb mountains with me this Sunday?- Id love to. But I play table tennis against Class Three. A. am goingB. am going toC. amD. going to10. - Jenny, would you

26、 please my dog when I am away?- No problem. A. look upB. look inC. look atD. look after11. - How about having a picnic this weekend?- Sorry, I am going to America for a meeting. Lets make it time. A. othersB. the otherC. anotherD. other12. The fans were to know the death of their favorite singing st

27、ar Whitney Huston. A. gladB. angryC. excitedD. surprised13. - I cant find David. Where is he?- He for tomorrows competition at home. A. preparesB. is preparingC. has preparedD. prepared14. Will you please invite him in a writing competition? A. joinsB. to joiningC. to joinD. joining15. - I had a ple

28、asant weekend on the farm. A. Oh, thats very nice of youB. Its a pleasure C. CongratulationsD. Im glad to hear that二、完形填空（共10小题；共15.0分） Im going to have a party at home tomorrow evening. I told my mother that she neednt do 16 for me. This time I 17 to do everything by myself. I hope to 18 the party

29、a nice one. I 19 invitations to all my good friends this morning. Now Im thinking about 20 I should do tomorrow. I need to clean my house 21 decorate(装饰) it tomorrow morning. Tomorrow afternoon I need to do some shopping. I plan to 22 some snacks(小吃), drinks and fruits. There are too many things to

30、do, so I think it 23 be a very busy day for me tomorrow. The party will begin 24 6:30 p.m. I will be 25 to play with my friends. Oh, I cant wait!16.A. anythingB. somethingC. everythingD. nothing17.A. askB. takeC. decideD. get18.A. bringB. giveC. letD. make19.A. sendB. sentC. haveD. had20.A. whenB. w

31、hyC. whatD. which21.A. butB. soC. orD. and22.A. buyB. sellC. takeD. eat23.A. canB. mustC. may notD. cant24.A. onB. inC. atD. from25.A. surprisingB. surprisedC. excitingD. excited三、阅读理解（共9小题；共18.0分）A When you have a dinner party, what should you do? The following will help you. Try to open the door f

32、or each guest. If someone else answers the door, go to welcome your guests as soon as you can. Always offer to take their coats and ask, Would you like me to take your coat? People often bring gifts like flowers or chocolates to a dinner party. Be ready to receive(接受) the gifts if they do. Get a vas

33、e so that you can put the flowers in water. Never leave a guest unattended(没人照顾的), especially when there is only one guest! If there is more than one, they can talk to each other. If the party is at home, a good idea is to have a toilet sign for people who dont know your house. If the party is somew

34、here else, like a restaurant, try not to be too loud, because not everyone in the restaurant is at your party.26. If others answer the door, you should . A. go to receive their presents B. leave them talk freely C. go to welcome your guests as soon as possible D. close the door for them27. If people

35、 bring gifts to your dinner party, you should . A. help them put the gifts on the table B. be ready to receive them C. get a vase D. put the flowers in water28. If there is only one guest, you should . A. make him/her sit at a table B. make him/her wait until you are free C. never leave him/her unat

36、tended D. never talk to him/her29. If you have the party at home, you should . A. invite lots of people B. try to be loud C. talk with each other D. have a toilet sign for people who dont know your house30. If you have the party in a restaurant, you should . A. try not to be too loudB. have a toilet

37、 sign for people C. attend everyoneD. talk to everyoneB In the U.S., the most popular way to welcome the new year is with a big party. Some parties are at private homes. But in recent years, it has become more and more common for Americans to go to a hotel or eating-place on the night of December 31

38、st. There, they can eat a big dinner, drink champagne, and dance to orchestra music. Most New Years parties are usually noisy. People shout and sing. And often, guests blow on small noisemakers when the new year arrives at midnight. This tradition of noise making is believed to start centuries ago.

39、People thought that loud sounds would drive away the bad spirits of the old year. The biggest, noisiest New Years party in the U.S. takes place in Times Square in New York. Thousands of people gather(聚集) there. Some of them ring bells and set fireworks. Others blow whistles of car horns(喇叭). And at

40、twelve oclock, they begin to cheer as an electric sign in the shape of a red apple lights up on top of a tall building. The Times Square celebration includes another well-known American tradition. Since 1929, the band of musician Guy Lombardo has given a concert on New Years Eve. Guy Lombardo died i

41、n 1977. But, Bill Lombardo, has kept the tradition alive with a band concert at a New York city hotel. When the crowds in Times Square start cheering the arrival of the new year, television cameras show the band playing the song Auld Lang Syne.31. The most usual way to welcome the new year in the U.

42、S. is . A. to go shoppingB. to meet friends C. to travel abroadD. to hold a big party32. The biggest New Years party in the U.S. is . A. in Central ParkB. in Hollywood C. in Times SquareD. in Disneyland33. In the past, some American people made big noise when the new year arrived . A. to express the

43、ir friendship B. to drive away the bad spirits C. to make others more excited D. to give best wishes to each other34. In 1929 a concert on New Years Eve was given by . A. the band of Guy Lombardo B. the band of Bill Lombardo C. the band of Johann Strauss D. the band of Elvis Aaron Presley四、阅读与表达(表格式

44、)（共5小题；共10.0分） Hi, everyone! Im Mary. Im having a busy week! Monday is my dads birthday. My family is having a big party for him in the evening. I have to sing Christmas Carols on Tuesday. I think it will be great fun. On Wednesday Im going to the Rotary Meeting, so I have to wake up at 5:30 a.m. At

45、 night Im going to the party for Girl Guides. Rick is coming to my house on Thursday morning. We are studying together for a test in the afternoon. On Friday I have to go to school and Im giving Christmas presents to my friends and teachers. I hope they love them! On Saturday Im having two partiesa

46、Kids Christmas Party in the morning and a City Party at night (My mom works at City Hall). I dont have anything to do on Sunday morning, so I plan to get up late because Im sure Ill be tired after Saturday night. In the afternoon, Im getting ready for a new week.根据短文内容，完成表格。每空不多于3个词。Monday35. birthd

47、ay partyTuesdaysing 36. WednesdayRotary Meeting and the party for 37. Thursdaystudy for the test with RickFridaygo to school and give 38. to friends and teachersSaturdayKids Christmas Party and a 39. Sundaysleep and prepare for the next week五、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)（共5小题；共5.0分）40. The students are preparing f

48、or the science e .41. Mary is going back to England. Lets say g to her.42. I wont go u you come back.43. C the ball, Jim.44. Everyone is very s to hear that surprising news.六、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)（共5小题；共5.0分）45. The (prepare) for the party took hours.46. This (invite) to the meeting is for Gina.47. Can you

49、 come to the (open) of Library, Mr. Wang?48. My sister looks forward to (fly) to the moon one day.49. Dale refused (tell) me about it and I dont know what to do.七、按要求转换句型（共5小题；共10.0分）50. My brother has to walk to school every day. (改为一般疑问句) your brother walk to school every day?51. - Can she go to t

50、he concert this evening? (作否定回答)- , she .52. We can go to the mall on the 14th. (对划线部分提问) you go to the mall?53. Im playing tennis with Jim on Saturday. (对划线部分提问) are you on Saturday?54. He has lots of homework to do this evening. (改为同义句)He has homework to do this evening.八、对话7选5（共5小题；共10.0分）A: Hi,

51、Ted.B: Hi, Lee.A: Ted, 55. B: Uh, when?A: This afternoon.B: Sorry, I cant. 56. A: How about tomorrow?B: Im really sorry. Tomorrow Im playing basketball and I have a guitar lesson.A: 57. B: I have to help my mother do some cleaning.A: Oh, I see. 58. B: Im sorry, Lee. I have no time this week.A: It do

52、esnt matter. 59. A. Ill ask Tom to play with me. B. Youre too busy. C. can you play baseball with me? D. My mother is asking me. E. I have to go to the dentist and study for a test today. F. When do you have time? G. What are you doing the day after tomorrow?九、适当形式填空(短文适当形式)（共10小题；共10.0分）Dear Tony,

53、Thanks a lot for your 60. (invite). Im 61. (real) sorry I cant go to your house on Saturday afternoon. Im 62. (take) a vacation on the beach on Saturday and Sunday with my friends. On Monday, Im studying for my science test. I feel 63. (worry) about it. On Tuesday, Im going to my 64. (uncle) house t

54、o visit him. He phoned me last week and 65. (tell) me that he missed me very much. On Wednesday, I have to 66. (look) after my grandfatherhe is very old. On Thursday, Im helping my parents with some 67. (housework). And I have a guitar lesson on Friday afternoon. My mom thinks I can do much 68. (wel

55、l) in the guitar in this way. On Friday evening, I would like 69. (go) for a walk with my brother in the park. Can you come and join us? Write soon. Jessica 十、作文（共1小题；共25.0分）70. 假如你是Lisa，你的好朋友Kay邀请你下周和她一起去书店。请你根据下周活动的日程表，给她回一封email，说说你下周要做的事情，以及什么时间可以和她去书店。80个词左右，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Lisas CalendarMonday

56、Morning and afternoon: schoolEvening: do homework TuesdayMorning and afternoon: schoolEvening: help MomWednesdayMorning and afternoon: schoolEvening: visit my auntThursdayMorning and afternoon: schoolEvening: go to my piano lessonFridayMorning and afternoon: schoolEvening: do homework Saturday: stud

57、y for my chemistry test Sunday: free Dear Kay, Thanks for your invitation. _Yours,Lisa 答案一、单项选择 1. B 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. B10. D11. C12. D13. B14. C15. D二、完形填空16. A17. C18. D19. B20. C21. D22. A23. B24. C25. D三、阅读理解26. C27. B28. C29. D30. A31. D32. C33. B34. A四、阅读与表达(表格式)35. fathers

58、/dads36. Christmas Carols37. Girl Guides38. Christmas presents39. City Party五、单词拼写(单句首字母填空)40. exam41. goodbye42. until43. Catch44. surprised六、适当形式填空(单句适当形式)45. preparation46. invitation47. opening48. flying49. to tell七、按要求转换句型50. Does, have to51. No, cant52. When can53. What, doing54. too much八、对话7

59、选555. C56. E57. G58. B59. A九、适当形式填空(短文适当形式)60. invitation61. really62. taking63. worried64. uncles65. told66. look67. housework68. better69. to go十、作文70. 【参考范文】Dear Kay, Thanks for your invitation. Next week Im a little busy. From Monday to Friday, I have to go to school every morning and afternoon.

60、 On Monday and Friday evenings, I have to do my homework. On Tuesday evening, I have to help my Mom at home. On Wednesday evening, Im visiting my aunt. And Im going to my piano lesson on Thursday evening. On Saturday, I need to study for my chemistry test. But Im free on Sunday and I would like to go to the bookstore with you.signYours,Lisa/sign_