人教版必修五第5讲：Unit3Life in the future-词汇篇（学生版）.docx

1、Unit3 Life in the future-词汇篇_1. 掌握重点词汇的搭配及用法，能够正确完成基础类型题。2. 掌握重点句型的用法，会模仿句型进行写作和翻译。【重点单词详解】1. lack v. & n. 缺乏；缺少的东西(2019浙江卷阅读理解)Its not that exercise makes you healthy，its more that a lack of exercise leaves your body weak and easily affected by disease.与其说运动使你健康，倒不如说缺乏运动使你的身体虚弱，容易受到疾病的影响。(1)v.(2)n.

2、(3) Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you dont know?你是否想交更多的朋友，但缺乏信心和陌生人交谈？Though lacking money, his parents managed to send him to a university.尽管缺钱，他的父母设法送他上大学。The lack of ecofriendly habits among the public is thought to be a major cause of global climate

3、change.公众缺乏环境保护的习惯被认为是全球气候变化的一个主要原因。2. tolerate vt.容忍；忍受教材原句P18：At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.一开始，新的环境很难忍受。容忍，忍受Those who know to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.那些懂得容忍他人的人自然可以生活得幸福。The sports world does not tolerate doping as it is a fundamental form of che

4、ating.运动世界不能容忍使用麻醉，因为这是作弊的基本形式。Earth is letting Mankind know that our waste and destruction will not be_tolerated_any_more.地球正在让人类知道我们的浪费和破坏不会再被忍受了。3. instant adj.立即的，立刻的；n.瞬间，刹那(牛津P1058)I recognized her the instant (that) I saw her.我一眼就认出她了(1)(2)in instant need of help急需援助(3) 一就In an instant, he to

5、ok off his coat and jumped into the water.他马上脱掉衣服跳进了水里。We cant promise instant solutions，but we can promise to listen.我们不能保证立刻给予解决，但保证能认真听取意见。They carried out the volunteer activity the instant/instantly they arrived there.他们一到达那里就从事志愿活动。【重点短语详解】1. expect (sb.) to do sth. 希望(某人)做某事I expect to be bac

6、k within a week.hope to do something 希望做某事2. overcome ones shortcomings 克服缺点overcome enemy 压倒, 制服be overcome with/by sth .不堪 (通常指感情，常用被动语态）She was overcome by fear. 她吓得要命3.First impressions.第一印象impressions: n. C 印象;感想 I had a very good impression of him. 我对他的印象很好.First impressions are half the battl

7、e. 谚最初的印象最深刻; 先入为主。impress 1) v. 使(某人)印象深刻He impressed me unfavorably. 我对他印象不好注意:使（某人）印象深刻，常用这个句型be impressed by/at/with sth 对留下深刻印象，惊叹通常用于被动语态,不用于进行时,常用于下列结构:The teachers were most impressed by your performance in the exam.2) v.使(某人)铭记impress sth on sb /impress sb with sth3）impressive 给人深刻印象的, 感人的a

8、n impressive scene 感人的场面an impressive ceremony 给人深刻印象的典礼4. take up Do you intend to take up his offer of a job? 接受This table takes up too much room.占用(时间或空间)When does the new manager take up his job? 开始从事由take组成的短语：take office就职take apart拆开 take in 吸收，留宿 take it easy别着急take back收回take down取下,记下take

9、notes作笔记take away拿走take aim瞄准take out拿take notice of注意take it for granted想当然的认为take hold of抓住take steps to do sth采取措施做某事take sb as., 把某人当作take advantage of利用take a deep breath深呼吸5. remind sb. of/about sth. 使某人想起某事The film reminded him of his school life. 这部影片使他回想起学生时的生活。1）remind sb. to do sth 提醒某人做某

10、事Please remind him to meet at the school gate on the outing day. 请提醒他秋游那天在校门口集中。6. constant adj.经常的，不变的，忠贞的I am Jays constant fan and supporter.我是周杰伦忠实的粉丝和支持者。(1)constantly adv. 经常地，反复地 The old mans hands shook constantly. 老人的手不停的颤抖.Fashion is constantly changing. 时尚总是日新月异。7. as a result (of) 因此resu

11、lt from 起因于 result in 导致某事,造成某事(=lead to)8. suffer from: 患有(疾病等);为所苦,因而吃苦头。She suffers from headache. 她患头痛病。suffer from the war / the flood遭受战争,洪水之苦/患头病suffer (from) cold and hunger 遭受寒冷和饥饿suffering n. 痛苦,苦恼;劳苦,困难9. keep doing sth. 继续做某事keep away from 不接近;避开 keep back 留在后面,不上前;隐瞒keep off 不接近,挡住 keep

12、 out (of) 使在外keep up 跟上;赶上;保持 keep up with 跟上;不落人之后10. previous (adj)1) 在前的,早先的a previous engagementa previous experience2) 过急的,太快的You are previous in making the decision.11. transport n.运送/输；交通工具 v.运送/输transport from to 从输送到12. surrounding (1) adj. 周围的，附近的He lives in the surrounding area of our sch

13、ool.(2) pl. 环境（自然环境）environment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境。 The boy grew up in beautiful surroundings but not in a happy home environment.这个男孩在美丽的环境中长大，但缺少一个幸福的家庭环境。13. 辨析: beat, hit与strikebeat指连续地打;hit侧重指“击中”,有时也指“打一下”;strike常指“猛地一击”。“敲锣”要用strike;“打鼓”要用beat;“敲门”要用knock;“钟敲几点”要用strike;比喻意思的“打击”要用give (deal) a b

14、low to sb.14. lack n 缺乏,不足,没有 (a) lack ofShe showed a lack of humor.for lack of因缺乏lack 动词lacking adj. 缺少的；不足的be lacking in . 在不足15. 有关time的短语（看看）in on time: very quickly 立刻;马上all the time 一直, 始终at a time 依次, 逐一, 每次take ones time不要急，慢慢来at all times 无论何时,一直at one time 从前；一度at times 有时 behind the times

15、 过时的,落伍的for the time being 暂且, 眼下 from time to time 不时,偶尔,间或 On time 按时once upon a time 从前at the same time 同时）【重点句型详解】1. Well, now theres a system where the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology.现在，这里有一种装置，能利用生态学原理来处理掉废弃物。名师指津：where引导定语从句，修饰先行词a system。例句仿写：许多人想得到那个位置，在那儿他会发展得更好。Many

16、people want to get the position, where they will develop better.2. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.由于缺乏新鲜空气，我头痛。名师指津：hit by a lack of fresh air为过去分词短语作原因状语。例句仿写：假如给予更多的关心和照顾，这个孩子就不会变得如此自私和淘气。Given more attention and caring, the child wouldnt have become so selfish and naughty.3. However, I

17、 lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a largemarket because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.但是，当我们到达一个看上去像是大市场的地方时，由于车辆朝四面八方飞奔，我看不见王平了。名师指津：what引导宾语从句。例句仿写：前几天，我父亲开车以我认为危险的速度行驶。The other day，my father drove his car at what I thought was a dangerous speed.4. Exha

18、usted, I slid into bed and fell fast asleep.我感到累极了，爬上床很快就睡着了。名师指津：exhausted为形容词化的分词在句中作原因状语。例句仿写：长途旅游后，他们三个回到了家，又饿又累。After the long journey，the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.1. (2019浙大附中高三质检)Many species are in danger of dying out because of a _of habitat.I couldnt agree more. We mu

19、st take action for them as well as for ourselves.A. waste B. possession C. pollution D. lack2. (2019福建十所名校第二次联考)According to the research, women tend to _jobs requiring speech skills.A. take up B. pick up C. look up D. set up3. (2019潍坊市抽样监测)To be mentally healthy, you need to _good relationships wit

20、h each other.A. build up B. put up C. take up D. hold up4. (2019河北衡水二次调研)He didnt_ what he read because his mind was on something else.A. take on B. take in C. take over D. take for5. We knew nothing about the accident. It happened to our arrival. A. junior B. previous C. senior D. accessible基础演练一、单

21、词拼写1. He is good at his job but he seems to l_ confidence.2. Her address made a great i_ on the audience.3. She was always o_ even when things were at their worst.4. Training is provided，so no p_ experience is required for the job.5. The plane is taking off. Please f_ your seat belt.6. The company w

22、ill make an _(调整) in your salary.7. The date of his arrival is still _(不确定的). 8. He _(指引) the tourist party through the park.9. He _(按) the bell to call his secretary.10. I cant _(容忍) your bad manners any longer.二、选词填空take up, lose sight of, remind.of.,in no time, in all directions, be back on ones

23、feet, sweep up, slide into1. When he looked up again, he _ the plane which he saw just now.2. Im sorry for the pieces of broken glass. Will you help me to _ all of this?3. When the police arrived，the crowd scattered(散开) _.4. Last night, a thief _ his apartment and stole his computer.5. The song alwa

24、ys _ me _ the beautiful flowers I saw in Luoyang, the hometown of peony(牡丹花). 6. You neednt worry about the engine. Well get it fixed _.7. It doesnt matter much to be beaten. What it matters is that you_ and go on fighting.8. He _ telephone receiver and began to dial.巩固提高一、词义辨析1. 用surroundings或envir

25、onment填空。(1)An unhappy home _ can affect a childs behavior.(2)The new office block doesnt blend in with(与协调) its _.(3)It is our duty to protect the _ from pollution.2. 用as a result或as a result of填空。(1)He didnt finish his work _ his laziness.(2)Man destroyed a lot of forests，and _, more and more land

26、s became deserts.(3)She died _ her injuries.3. 用hit, beat或strike的适当形式填空。(1)The rain was _ against the window.(2)He shot his arrow(箭) and _ the target(目标). (3)I can easily _ him at table tennis.(4)The clock has just _ eight.(5)Someone was _ a drum.二、佳句翻译与仿写1. I still cannot believe that I am taking u

27、p this prize that I won last year.翻译：_仿写：他仍不能相信他即将从事他一点也不喜欢的工作。_ _2. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.翻译：_仿写：由于陷入沉思，他几乎撞上了前面的树。_ _3. At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.翻译：_仿写：我认为这个人很难相处。_ _4. The air seemed thin, as though its combination of gase

28、s had little oxygen left.翻译：_仿写：她对待这个孩子就好像对待自己的儿子一样。_ _5. Arriving at a strange looking house，he showed me into a large, bright clean room.翻译：_仿写：听到这个消息，她高兴地跳了起来。_ _一、单项填空1. I still cannot believe that I am _ this prize that I won last year.A. sweeping up B. taking up C. making up D. bring up2. I ha

29、ve to _ myself constantly that I am really in AD 3008.A. suggest B. hope C. demand D. remind3. _ by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.A. Hits B. To hit C. Hit D. Hitting4. He hurried me through to a small room nearby for a rest. I felt better _.A. at all times B. at any time C. in no time D. at tim

30、es5. Soon I was back on my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage _ by computer.A. drive B. driven C. driving D. to drive6. However, I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached _ looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions.A. that B. which

31、C. as D. what7. Then I _ Wang Ping again and flew after him.A. lost sight of B. out of sight C. in sight D. caught sight of8. Arriving at a _ house, he showed me into a large, bright clean room.A. snow covering B. new built C. strange looking D. well knowing9. _, I slid into bed and fell fast _.A. E

32、xhausted; asleep B. Exhausting; sleepyC. To be exhausted; to sleep D. Being exhausted; sleep10. With the correct help of my teachers, I am always _ about my studies.A. pessimistic B. worried C. curious D. optimistic二、用适当的介、副词填空1. _ a result, I suffered _ “time lag”. 2. So I was very nervous and unce

33、rtain _ first.3. Well-known _ their expertise, his parents company transported me safely _ the future _ a time capsule.4. He handed it _ me and immediately hurried me through _ a small room nearby _ a rest.5. Soon I was back _ my feet again and following him to collect a hovering carriage driven _ c

34、omputer.6. These carriages float _ the ground and _ bending or pressing _ in your seats, you can move swiftly.7. However, I lost sight _ Wang Ping when we reached what looked _ a large market because _ too many carriages flying _ _ all directions.8. He was swept _ _ the center _ them.9. Then Wang Pi

35、ng flashed a switch _ a computer screen, and a table and some chairs rose from _ the floor as if _ magic.10. Exhausted，I slid _ bed and fell fast asleep._一、单词拼写1. Today every c_ aged eighteen or over has the right to vote.2. He had a sore throat and found it difficult to s_.3. I was tricked by the s

36、alesmans wiles(计谋) into buying worthless g_.4. I have the honor to have been sent as their r_ to attend the ceremony.5. In case of fire，break the glass and push the red b_.6. Some people are _(贪婪的) for money and something alike.7. I have never been to the _(沙漠) visited by them.8. At present theres n

37、o _(解决) in this disagreement.9. The sick boy needs _(立即的) attention.10. When building _(材料) cost more，the price of houses increases.二、词义辨析1. 用stare, glare或glance的适当形式填空。(1)They stopped arguing and _ at each other.(2)She _ at him in surprise.(3)He _ at his watch and then left in a hurry.(4)He _ at th

38、e problem，trying to work it out.2. 用happen, occur, take place或break out的适当形式填空。(1)Great changes have _ in my hometown since then.(2)Yesterday a traffic accident _ on this road，but luckily no one was injured.(3)Last night a fire _ in that building，causing a great loss.(4)An idea suddenly _ to me that

39、 our room will be decorated in blue.(5)Please remind me that the meeting will _ at two tomorrow afternoon.三、单项填空1. His report was so exciting that it was _ interrupted by applauses.A. constantlyB. constant C. seldom D. never2. After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane _ her job as a d

40、octor in the countryside.A. set out B. took over C. took up D. set up3. At the railway station, the mother waved goodbye to her daughter until the train was _.A. out of sight B. out of reach C. out of order D. out of place4. The cartoon series Pleasant Goat and Big Big Wolf(喜羊羊与灰太狼) made a good _ up

41、on all the boys and girls.A. expression B. impression C. opinion D. experience5. The company is _ me _ a decision, and I dont know whether to accept the job.A. pressing; to make B. pressed; to makingC. pressing; making D. pressed; to make6. _ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if shed like tha

42、t little doll on her bed.A. Seeing B. To see C. See D. Seen7. Though _ money, his parents managed to send him to university for further study.A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in8. The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.A. seein

43、g B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see9. Farmers can increase their corn crops three times simply _ watering their fields.A. for B. across C. by D. in10. _ by the police，the thief had to give in.A. Surrounding B. Surrounded C. To be surrounded D. Be surrounded四、完形填空When Pat Jones finished colleg

44、e, she decided to travel around the world and see as many foreign places as she could _1_ she was young. Pat wanted to visit Latin America _2_, so she got a job _3_ an English teacher in a school in Bolivia. Pat spoke a little Spanish, _4_ she was able to communicate with her students even when they

45、 didnt _5_ much English.A sentence she had read somewhere stuck in her mind: if you dream _6_ a foreign language, you have really mastered (掌握) it. Pat repeated this sentence to her students and _7_ that some day she would dream in Spanish and they would dream in _8_.One day, one of her _9_ students

46、 came up and explained in Spanish that he had not done his homework. He had _10_ early and had slept _11_.“What does this have to do with your _12_ ?” Pat asked.“I dreamed all night, Miss Jones. And my dream was in English.”“In English？” Pat was very _13_, since he was such a bad student. She was _1

47、4_ secretly jealous(嫉妒的). Her _15_ was still not in Spanish. But she encouraged(鼓励) her young student. “Well, _16_ me about your dream.”“All the people in my dream _17_ English, ” the student said. “And all the signs were in English. All the newspapers and magazines and all the TV programs were in E

48、nglish.” “But thats _18_.”said Pat. “What did all the people say to you?”“Im sorry, Miss Jones. Thats _19_ I slept so badly. I didnt _20_ a word they said. It was a nightmare(噩梦)!” 1. A. becauseB. whileC. ifD. since2. A. firstB. at firstC. lastD. at last3. A. forB. ofC. asD. like4. A. andB. butC. so

49、D. yet5. A. sayB. knowC. readD. write6. A. inB. aboutC. ofD. for7. A. thoughtB. realizedC. hopedD. wanted8. A. EnglishB. SpanishC. RussianD. German9. A. brightB. excellentC. bestD. worst10. A. got upB. gone to bedC. fallen asleepD. waken up11. A. wellB. soundlyC. badlyD. heavily12. A. EnglishB. lang

50、uageC. dreamD. homework13. A. surprisedB. worriedC. pleasedD. excited14. A. yetB. seldomC. alsoD. still15. A. studyB. classC. workD. dream16. A. answerB. writeC. tellD. ask17. A. readB. likedC. spokeD. learned18. A. wonderfulB. terribleC. funnyD. strange19. A. howB. whyC. whenD. because20. A. hear B

51、. understand C. know D. remember五、阅读理解What will man be like in the futurein 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make guesses，of course，but we can be sure that he will be different from what he is today，for man is slowly changing all the time.Let us take an obvious example.Man, even five

52、 hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average，men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is relatively a short period of time, so we may assume that man will continue to grow taller.Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use o

53、f only about 20% of the brains capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to bring about a physical change to the head, in particular, the forehead will grow larger.Nowadays our eyes are in constant use.

54、 In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that mans eyes will grow stronger.On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the sam

55、e time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life.But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body altogether in course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be

56、 bald.Perhaps all these give the impression that in the future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. All the same, in spite of all these changes, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being, with thoughts and emotions sim

57、ilar to our own.1. The passage mainly tells us that _.A. mans life will be different in the futureB. future man will look quite different from usC. man is growing taller and uglier as time passesD. mans organs functions will be on the wane2. What serves as the evidence that man is changing?A. Man ha

58、s got stronger eyes now than he ever had.B. Mans hair is getting thinner and thinner.C. Mans arms and legs have become lighter and weaker.D. Man has been growing taller over the past 500 years.3. Which of the following is TRUE about a human being in the future?A. He is hairless because hair is no lo

59、nger useful.B. He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C. His fingers grow weaker because he doesnt have to make use of them.D. He thinks and feels in different ways.4. It is implied that _.A. human beings will become less attractive in the futureB. less use of a bodily organ may lead to its de

60、generationC. human beings hope for a change in the future lifeD. future life is always predictableLast week, about 600 teenagers in the US imagined a future changed by technology in which their lessons are taught by robots and they learn about celebrities and alien languages. They believe they will

61、use jet packs, and hoverboards(旋转飞盘), as everyday transport.All the participants(参加者) of the survey are teenagers born into the Internet age. The study is to show how the first cyber(与电脑有关的) generation dream about a future life created by advanced technology.Most believe there will still be schools

62、to go to, but that technology will play an increasingly important role in learning. The 600 teens surveyed think there will still be teachers, but 37 per cent imagine them to be robots. Some 24 per cent believe that teachers will still be human but they will have interchangeable microchips(微型芯片) so

63、that one person can teach all subjects.More than one in two believe hoverboarding will be popular, while onethird say that wearing rocket boots will be their favourite activity. Another third think jet packs will be popular. Nearly 30 per cent think football and bikeriding will remain popular.When i

64、t comes to the courses, they think future generations will be learning about robot building(63 percent), alien languages(47 per cent), celebrities(26 per cent) and R&B music(22 per cent). Children will wear virtual reality helmets(可视头盔) to bring lessons to life, say 40 per cent, while over 20 per ce

65、nt believe they will not need lessons because microchips put in their head will send relevant(相关的) information into the brain.Matt Whyman, adviser to the chief medical officer on youth issues at American Online, said, “The kids seem very aware of the liberating qualities of technology.”1. The survey

66、 was made in order to know _.A. how the students will go to schoolB. who is willing to attend the surveyC. what the teenagers know about advanced technologyD. what future life will be like in teens eyes2. What can you infer from the passage?A. The teenagers being surveyed have surfed the Internet.B.

67、 234 teens surveyed think teachers in the future will still be humans.C. Their dreams about the school future will certainly come true.D. In the US, robots have appeared in the classroom to give students lessons.3. How many participants believe hoverboarding will be popular?A. Less than 100. B. 180. C. 200. D. Over 300.4. The writer is _ when telling the results of the survey.A. objective B. admiring C. critical D. distrustful