初中英语七下Unit4单词知识梳理词汇句式精讲.docx

1、初中英语七下Unit4单词知识梳理词汇句式精讲Unit 4单词 （音标）rule rul n.规则;规章arrive ravv.到达(be) on time 准时hallway hlwe n.走廊;过道hall hln.大厅;礼堂dining hall餐listen ls()nv.听;倾听listen to听fight fatv. & n.打架;战斗sorry sradj.抱歉的;难过的;惋惜的outside atsad; atsadadv.在外面 adj. 外面的wear wev.穿;戴important mpt()ntadj.重要的bring brv.带来;取来uniform junfmn

2、.校服;制服quiet kwatadj.安静的out atadv.外出go out 外出(娱乐)practice prktsv. & n.练习dish dn.碟;盘do the dishes清洗餐具before bfprep. & conj.在以前 adv.以前make (ones) bed铺床dirty dtadj.脏的kitchen ktnn.厨房more madj. & pron.更多的noisy nzadj.吵闹的relax rlksv.放松;休息read ridv.读;阅读terrible terb()ladj.非常讨厌的;可怕的feel filv.感受;觉的strict strkt

3、adj.严格的;严厉的be strict (with sb)(对某人)要求严格remember rmemb v.记住;记起follow flv.遵循;跟随follow the rules遵守规则luck lk n.幸运;运气keep kip v.保持;保留hair he n.头发;毛发learn ln v. 学习;学会Clark kla:k克拉克(姓;男名)Amy em埃米(女名)Mollyml莫莉(女名)Unit4 知识梳理短语归纳1. on time 准时，按时2. listen to 听3. in class 在课上4. be late for 做迟到5. have to 不得不6. b

4、e quiet 安静7. go out 外出8. do the dishes 清洗餐具9. make breakfast 做早饭10. make (ones) bed 铺床11. be noisy 吵闹12. keep ones hair short 留短发13. play with sb. 和某人一起玩14. play the piano 弹钢琴15. have fun 玩得高兴16. make rules 制订规则用法集萃1. Dont + 动词原形+其他。 不要做某事。2. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事3. too many + 可数名词复数 太多的4. p

5、ractice doing sth. 练习做某事5. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格6. be strict in sth. 对某事要求严格7. leave sth sp. 把某物落在某地8. keep+宾语+形容词 使保持某种状态9. learn to do sth. 学会做某事10. have to do sth. 不得不做某事典句必背1. Dont arrive late for class. 上课不要迟到。2. Can we bring music players to school? 我们可以带音乐播放器到学校吗？3. And we always have to

6、 wear the school uniform. 并且我们总是不得不穿校服。4. There are too many rules! 有太多的规则！5. Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen! 不要把脏盘子留在厨房里！6. I have to keep my hair short. 我不得不留短发。话题写作主题：规则Dear Tom,Thanks for your last letter. You want to know the rules in our school. Now let me tell you about them.We ca

7、nt arrive late for class. We cant talk loudly in class. We should keep quiet. When we meet our teachers on our way, we should say hello to them. We cant eat or drink in class, and we cant listen to music or play games in class.I think we have too many rules. What about yours? Please write and tell m

8、e.Yours,Li MingUnit4 词汇讲解1. arrive1）arrive 意为“到达”。arrive at+小地点，arrive in +大地点。例如：I will arrive in Beijing next week. 我下周到北京。I arrived at the small village on a cold morning.在一个寒冷的早晨我到达了那个小村庄。2）arrive 后面跟地点副词here, there, home时，不需要跟介词。例如：arrive home 到家 arrive here 到这儿注意：arrive late for与be late for是同义

9、短语，都表示“做某事迟到”的意思。arrive late for 强调动作晚，be late for 侧重状态晚。例如：Dont arrive late for the next test.Dont be late for the next test.下一次考试不要再迟到了。2. listenlisten 是不及物动词，意为“听,倾听”，强调听的动作，后面接宾语时要加上介词to。例如：We should listen to the teacher carefully.我们应该认真听老师讲课。Listen! Someone is singing in the garden.听! 有人在花园里唱歌

10、。拓展：hear, listen和sound的辨析三个词都有“听”的意思，具体区别如下：hear 意思是“听说，听到”，侧重听到的内容。例如：I heard someone cry in the next room last night.昨晚我听见有人在隔壁哭。listen意思是“听”，侧重听的动作。例如：Listen! Someone is crying.听！有人在哭。sound作动词讲时是连系动词，意为“听起来”，后面跟形容词作表语，构成主系表结构。例如：It sounds good! 听起来不错！3. relaxrelax 作及物动词，意为“放松, 休息，使轻松”，第三人称单数为rela

11、xes。例如：You work too hard; you should relax yourself.你工作太努力了，你应该放松一下你自己。This song relaxes me. 这首歌使我心情舒畅。拓展：1）relaxed形容词，意为“感到轻松的”，常修饰人做表语。例如：He is relaxed after listening to music.听完音乐后，他感到轻松。2）relaxing 也是形容词，意为“令人轻松的”，常用来修饰物或者事情，可以作表语也可以作定语。例如：Its a relaxing trip. 这是一次令人轻松的旅行。The film is very relaxi

12、ng. 这部电影很令人放松。4. on timein timeon time 意为“按时，准时”，指按照规定的时间或者指定的时间做某事；而in time指“及时”，指不迟到或在规定的时间之前或者接近所规定的时间做某事。例如：We must arrive there on time.我们必须按时到达那里。At last, the police arrived there in time.最后警察及时赶到了那里。5. wear, put on, dressin1）wear是动词，它的意思是“穿”，它表示状态。例如：My father wears a T-shirt today. 我爸爸今天穿着T恤

13、衫。2）put on的意思是“穿上、戴上”，它表示动作。例如:Its cold outside, put on your coat please.外面非常冷，请穿上你的大衣。3）dress 作动词时，表示“为穿衣”后接反身代词或人，也可以不接宾语。例如：Can you dress the baby for me?你能帮我给孩子穿衣服吗？4）in 表示穿着的状态，后接颜色或服装。例如：The girl in red is my sister. 穿红衣服的女孩是我姐姐。The girl in hat is very beautiful. 戴帽子的女孩儿很漂亮。6. strictstrict 形容词

14、，意为“严厉的，严格的”，在句子中可以做表语、定语。常用短语be strict with sb. 意为“对某人要求严格”；be strict in sth. 意为“对某事要求严格”。例如：She is a strict teacher.她是一个严格的老师。She is strict with her students and strict in her work.她对她的学生和工作要求严格。7. bringbring 动词，意为“带来；拿来”。例如：Bring your English book to my office.把你的英语书带到我办公室里来。辨析：bringtake1）bring指从

15、别处将某人或者某物带到说话人所在的地方。例如：Please bring your family photo tomorrow.明天请把你的全家福带过来。2）take 意为“带走，拿走”时，指把某人或者某物从说话人所在地带走。例如：His father often takes him to the zoo on weekends.他爸爸周末经常带他去动物园。8. outside1）outside 副词，意为“在外面”，反义词是inside。例如：Dont go outside. Its too cold. 不要到外面去，天气太冷了。2）outside还可以做介词， 意为“在外面”。例如：Ther

16、e is a new car outside the house. 房子外边有一辆新车。3） outside 作名词，意为“外部，外表”。例如：The outside of the house is red. 这个房子的外部是红色的。辨析：作副词时out 与outside的区别拓展：go out的用法1） 外出，或者指“参加社交活动，外出交际或娱乐”。例如：Mary goes out a lot on Sundays.每逢周日，玛丽的应酬非常多。2） 出去。例如：Lets go out for a walk. 让我们出去散步吧。3） 出国，移居国外。例如：He went out to Cana

17、da two years ago. 他两年前移居加拿大了。4） 过时，不流行。例如：This kind of shoes went out last year. 这款鞋去年就过时了。9. dish1） dish 名词，意为“碟，盘”，做餐具讲时，常用复数形式，其前常加the。do the dishes 相当于wash the dishes，意为“清洗餐具”。例如：Its your turn to do the dishes today. 今天轮到你洗碗了。2）dish 还可用作可数名词，意为“菜肴，一道菜”。例如：He likes cold dishes. 他喜欢凉菜。辨析：dishplate

18、dish和plate都是“盘，碟”的意思，它们的区别在于：dish 可以泛指就餐时所用的餐具，包括盘、碗、碟、杯、刀、叉等，特指较深的盘子。例如：Please dry the dishes and put them away.请你把餐具擦干, 收拾好。plate 指较平的盘子、碟子, 可用来盛汤，也可用来装菜。例如：Our host was very generous, heaping a plate of food to us.主人十分慷慨, 给我们装了一盘食物。10. practice1）practice 作动词时是及物动词，意为“练习，训练”，其后可跟名词、代词或动名词做宾语。例如：I

19、often practice my English in the morning.我经常在早上练习英语。He practices playing the piano every day.他每天练习弹钢琴。2）practice 作名词，意为“练习，实践”，是不可数名词。例如：Playing the piano needs a lot of practice.弹钢琴需要多加练习。Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。11. followfollow 动词，意为“遵循，跟随”。follow the rules 意为“遵守规则”。例如：You must follow the sch

20、ool rules.你必须遵守学校规章制度。拓展：follow常见的其他用法有：1） 跟随，跟着。例如：Please follow me. Ill show you the way.请跟我走，我来给你带路。2） 明白，领悟。例如：You are speaking too fast and we cant quite follow you.你讲的太快，我们不太懂你的意思。3） 表示“沿而行”。例如：follow the road 沿路而行12. feel1）feel作行为动词，意为“觉得，认为”。例如：How do you feel today? 今天你感觉怎样?I feel that you

21、will win. 我感觉你会赢。2）feel 作连系动词，意为“感觉，摸起来”，其后跟形容词作表语。例如：I feel happy today. 我今天感觉很高兴。Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起来很凉。练一练：. 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示补全单词。1. We must f_ the rules in the school.2. Today is my birthday. I f_ very happy.3. Dont stand o_! Come in, please!4. He is very lazy. Hes always l_ for school.5. D

22、ont f_ with each other.6. When do you a_ at school? At half past seven.7. Can we l_ to the music?8. The room is very d_, so you must clean it.9. He has to do his homework b_ dinner.10. Do you do the d_ after dinner?. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. We have to _ (wear) uniforms to school every day.2. Jim _ (have)

23、 to brush his teeth before going to bed.3. My mother often asks me to practice_ (play) the violin.4. Dont _ (bring) music players to school.5. Dont be_( noise) in the library.6. Everyone feels_ (relax) when they listen to light music.7. The weather is _ (terrible) hot.8. Does Jack _ (do) his homewor

24、k on time?9. She _ (not like) playing basketball.10. I have to _ (get up) at six oclock.III.选词填空。1. _ (Dont, Cant ) cross the road when the traffic lights are red.2. Its cold outside. I _ (must, have to) put on my coat.3. This is _ (quiet, quite) an interesting book.4. _ (Take, Bring) your sister he

25、re with you.5. Our teacher is very _ (strict with, strict in) us.6. Dont make so much _ (noise, noisy). Dad is sleeping in the next room.7. After dinner I cant _ (relax, relaxing, relaxed) either.8. She likes_ ( dressing, wearing, putting on) sunglasses.9. There is a new car _ (out, outside) the hou

26、se.10. Speak loudly, please! I cant _ (hear, listen to) you clearly.参考答案I. 根据句意和首字母或汉语提示补全单词。1. follow 2. feel 3. outside 4. late 5. fight6. arrive 7. listen 8. dirty 9. before 10. dishesII. 用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。1. wear 2. has 3. playing 4. bring 5. noisy6. relaxed 7. terribly 8. do 9. doesnt, like 10. g

27、et upIII.选词填空。1. Dont 2. have to 3. quite 4. Bring 5. strict with6. noise 7. relax 8. wearing 9. outside 10. HearUnit4 重点句型解析1. Dont arrive late for class.1）这是一个表示否定的祈使句，祈使句表示请求、命令或者建议。谓语动词用原形，句子的主语you通常省略。句子结尾用句号，表示强烈语气的时候用感叹号, 朗读时要用降调。可以在句末或者句首加上please, 使语气更加的缓和客气。please 放在句首时后面不需要加逗号，放在句末时后面要加逗号。

28、例如：Listen to your teacher, please. 请听你的老师讲话。Dont look out of the window. 不要向窗外看。Please come in. = Come in, please. 请进。2）这种祈使句的肯定式是“Do (实义动词) + 其他成份”。例如：Listen to me carefully! 认真听我讲！Open the door! 打开门！2. help his mother make breakfast.help sb. (to) do sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”，help 后面可以跟带to的不定式（to+动词原形）做宾语补足

29、语，也可以跟不带to的动词不定式（动词原形）做宾语补足语。例如：He often helps me (to) clean the classroom.他经常帮助我打扫教室。拓展：help既可以做动词也可以是名词，常见的其他用法有1）help sb. with sth. 意为“帮助某人做某事”，with后可以跟名词。例如：I often help him with his lessons. 我经常帮他做功课。2）with ones help 意为“在某人的帮助下”。例如：With my teachers help, I passed the exam.在老师的帮助下，我通过了考试。3）help

30、oneself to 意为“请随便用”。例如：Please help yourselves to some fish. 请随便吃些鱼吧。3. I have to keep my hair short.“keep +sb./sth.+形容词”表示“使某人或者某物保持某种状态”。此句式中的keep是动词，意为“保留，保存，保持”。例如：Too much work keeps me busy and tired.太多的工作让我忙碌而且疲惫。We must keep the class clean.我们必须保持教室干净。拓展：keep常见的其他用法1）“keep + 形容词”，意为“保持某种状态”。例

31、如：Keep quiet, please! 请保持安静!2）“keep sb. doing sth.”表示“让某人继续/不断地做某事”。例如：He kept me waiting for an hour. 他让我等了一个小时。4. because I have to/must learn to play the piano.此句中的learn是及物动词，意为“学习，学会”。“learn（how）to do sth.”意为“学会，学习（如何）做某事”。例如：You must learn (how) to drive a car. 你必须学会怎样开车。Last year, I learnt how

32、 to swim. 去年我学会了游泳。拓展：learn 的其他用法1）learn from 意为“向学习”。例如：We must learn from Lei Feng. 我们必须向雷锋学习。2）learn by oneself 意为“自学”。例如：He learns English by himself. 他自学英语。3）用于某些谚语中。例如：Its never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。5. Dont leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!1）leave 作动词，意为“留下，搁置，不马上做，不马上处理”。“leave sth.

33、/sb. + 地点” 可以表示“把某人/某物留在或者落在某地”。“leave sth./sb. + 时间”可以表示“把某事搁置到某时”。例如：I left my pen in the classroom. 我把钢笔落在教室了。John always leaves his dirty clothes in his bedroom.约翰总是把他的脏衣服留在卧室。He often leaves the things till next day. 他总是把事情留到第二天。注意：leave sb. by oneself 意为把某人独自留下例如：They are busy with work and al

34、ways leave their son home by himself. 他们忙于工作并且总是把他们的儿子独自留在家里。2）leave 还可用在及物动词或者不及物动词表示“离开，出发”，“leave for”意为“出发去某地”。例如：The plane leaves for Beijing at 2 p.m. 飞机下午两点起飞去北京。Mr. Smith left two minutes ago. 史密斯先生两分钟前离开了。练一练：. 仔细阅读对话，选择方框内的句子填空格，使对话意思连贯正确。A： 1 ?B: I am from Canada. And my name is Alice.A:

35、Welcome. Well, 2 . Do you know them?B: Oh, no. Can you tell me, please?A: OK!B: Do we have to wear a uniform every day?A: Yes, we do.B: 3 ?A: No, we cant. But we can listen to it outside.B: Can we watch TV on school nights?A: 4 .B: Do we have to go to bed by 10:00 at night?A: Yes, we must.B: Oh I se

36、e. Thank you very much.A: 5 . 句型转换，每空一词。1. We cant listen to music in the room. (改为祈使句)_ _ to music in the room.2. Eat in class, please. (改为否定句)_ _ in class, please.3. You can practice your piano every day. (改为同义句)_ _ your piano every day.4. They have to clean the classroom every day. (对划线部分提问)_ _ t

37、hey have to _ every day?5. She has to wash clothes every week. ( 改为一般疑问句)_ she_ _wash her clothes every week?6. We must wear uniforms on Monday. （改为同义句）We _ _ wear uniforms on Monday.7. She has to get up at six oclock every morning. ( 改为否定句)She _ _ _ get up at six oclock every morning.8. I have to p

38、ractice my violin on Sundays. (对划线部分提问)_ _ you have to practice your violin?9. late, cant, arrive, for, we, school（连词成句）_.10. There is one thing you can do. (改为复数形式)There _ _ _ you can do.III. 根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。1. 你们在图书馆必须保持安静吗？Do you _ _ _ _ in the library?2. 你的作文里语法错误太多了。_ _ _ _ grammar mistakes in

39、 your composition.3. 我妈妈说做完作业以前不能看电视。My mom says I _ watch TV _ I finish my homework.4. 周末她得帮妈妈干家务。_ weekends, she _ _ help her mum _ some housework.5. 上课不能迟到，也不能打架。_ arrive _ _ class or _ in class.6. 在周末，我不得不打扫自己的房间和清洗餐具。On weekends, I _ _ clean my room and _ _ _.7. 外面的世界很精彩。The _ _ is very wonderf

40、ul.8. 我们的数学老师对我们要求严格。Our math teacher _ _ _us.9. 不要把脏衣服留在卧室里！_ _ the _ clothes _ the bedroom!10. 我必须学会说英语。I _ _ _ _ English.参考答案. 仔细阅读对话，选择方框内的句子填空格，使对话意思连贯正确。1-5：CAEGB. 句型转换，每空一词。1. Dont listen 2. Dont eat3. Practice playing4. What do, do5. Does, have to6. have to 7. doesnt have to8. When do9. We cant arrive late for school.10. are some thingsIII. 根据汉语意思，完成句子，每空一词。1. have to keep quiet2. There are too many3. cant, before4. On, has to, with5. Dont, late for, fight6. have to, do the dishes7. outside world8. is strict with9. Dont leave, dirty, in10. must learn to speak