外研版初二（上）英语第24讲：Module12语法篇（学生版）.docx

1、Module 12语法篇_熟练掌握本模块语法知识。祈使句 定义 用于表达命令、请求、劝告、警告、禁止等的句子叫做祈使句。祈使句因对象（即主语）是第二人称， 所以通常都省略，祈使句的动词都为一般现在时。祈使句的肯定形式 1. 实意动词的祈使句要用动词原形开头。 Come to the party! 来晚会吧！ Do it now!现在就做！ 2. be动词的祈使句要用be开头。 Be careful next time! 下次注意！ Be quiet! 安静！ 3. let祈使句采用“let sb do sth”的形式。Let me help you. 让我帮你吧。 Lets dance. 我们

2、跳舞吧。祈使句的否定形式 1. 直接在句首加dont或do not。 Do not come in unless asked.非请莫入。 Dont make noise. 别出噪音。 2. Lets 开头的祈使句的否定：直接加not do Lets not go home. 我们别回家。 但是Let 开头的祈使句的否定：直接在前面加Dont或在sb后面加not例如：Let him come in.变为Dont let him come in或Let him not come in. 3. no开头的祈使句表示“禁止，不要”，语气较强硬。 No smoking! 禁止吸烟。情态动词can/mus

3、t/could表推测 情态动词表推测的三种句式 1.在肯定句中一般用must (一定)，may（可能），might （也许，或许）。 The photo must be Miss Lus, those must be their parents. 照片肯定是陆小姐的，那肯定是她的父母。 The policeman may know the way to that school. 警察可能知道去那所学校的路。 If you have any idea where it might be, please call me. 如果你知道它可能在哪儿，请给我打电话。 2. 否定句中用cant / cou

4、ldnt（不可能）， may not/might not（可能不）。 It cant/couldntbe the headmaster. He has gone to America. 这不可能是校长，他去美国了。 The doctor may not/might not be in the hospital now, Its nearly six oclock. 医生可能现在不在医院了，快6点了。 注意：can/could表推测时一般用于否定句和疑问句，但是could可以用于肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，表示 事情可能发生。3. 疑问句中用can/could (能.?)。 Could he ha

5、ve finished the task? 他可能把任务完成了吗？ Can he be at home now? 他现在能在家吗？情态动词表推测的三种时态 1. 对现在正在进行的动作推测时，用“情态动词 + be +doing”。He must / may / might / could be listening to the radio now. 他一定/可能/也许正在听收音机。 2. 对一般情况的推测，“情态动词 + 动词原形”。 He cant (couldnt) / may ( might ) not be at home at this time. 这个时候他不可能/可能不在家。 M

6、r. Bush is on time for everything，he cant (couldnt) be late for the meeting 布什先生一向准时，这次会议他不可能迟到。3. 对过去情况的推测，用“情态动词 + have +过去分词”。 It must / may / might / could have rained last night .The ground is wet. 地湿了，昨晚肯定/可能/也许下雨了。 The door was locked. He can ( could ) not / may ( might ) not have been at hom

7、e. 门锁着，他不可能/可能不在家。( )1. Whose shoes are these? They be Mikes. Theyre a little larger for him. A. might B. cant C. willD. can( )2. Please look outside. Look at the blackboard. A. not B. dont C. cantD. can3Pass me that ball please.Here you are._！A Forget BListen CCatch DThrow4. Cars, buses and bikes s

8、top when the traffic light is red.A. canB. must C. mayD. need5. buy your ticket from a ticket machine. There are lots of people.A. No B. Not to C. Dont D. Dont to基础演练1. The cup is_ (break). Who broke it?2. The astronauts need lots of_ (train) before going into space.3. I have great trouble in_ (lear

9、n) math and I am so worried.4. Hello, everyone. Todays topic is about_ (make) friends on the Internet.5. Tom isnt at home. He could_ (be) on the playground.6. I think this book is_ (help) to your English study. Youd better buy it.7. The doctor advised my uncle to stop_ (work) immediately and have a

10、rest. 8. Its impossible_ (learn) English well in a short time. 9. Please be careful of_ (fall) stones during an earthquake.10. _ (not smoke) here, Rick. Smoking is not allowed in public places.巩固提高选择填空1Do we have to finish our homework this afternoon?Yes, you _.A mustBcan Cmay Dneed2It doesnt look l

11、ike rain, so you _ bring your umbrella with you.Ashouldnt Bmustnt Ccant Dneednt3Lets go dancing tonight!Sorry, I _.I have to go to a meeting.A mustnt Bmay not Cneednt Dcant4.Whose bike is this?It _ Toms, but I am not sure.A. must be B. could beC. cant be D. mustnt be5. It is a good idea _ Alaska for

12、 the summer holiday.A. to go B. goC. to go to D. going to6. May I take the food to the reading room?No, you cant. You _ eat it outside. Its the rule. A. must B. wouldC. may D. might7.The lady in this photo _ be over fifty! She looks so young!A. mustnt B. mustC. cant D. can一单项选择. 1. On the way _ the

13、mountain village, we found the local houses different from ours. 6A. toB. byC. atD. on2. Keep _ of the fire; its too dangerous.A. cleanB. cleaningC. clearD. clearly3. _ get off the bus before it stops.A. Dont B. DoesntC. DidntD. Cant4. When an earthquake happens, please _ from the windows and heavy

14、furniture.A. look upB. stay awayC. stay upD. look for5. Ask Jim. He _ know about Tony because they are good friends.A. mightB. cantC. mustntD. must6.Must we clean the classroom right now?No, you neednt, but you _ do it today.A. must B. mustntC. may D. neednt7.Whose is the notebook?Im not sure. It _

15、be Marys.A. must B. mustntC. neednt D. could8.Whos the boy under the tree? Is he Jim?No, it _ be him. Jim is much taller.A. mustnt B. may notC. cant D. neednt9.He warned me _ in the river.A. not to swim B. not swimC. to not swim D. dont swim10. Follow the sign _ to run out of a building when there i

16、s danger.(2019-2019学年外研版英语八年级上期中综合检测试题)二. 完形填空 。Zhou Yang successfully defended(卫冕)her 1, 500-meter Olympic title at the Sochi Winter Games on Saturday. She is now well known in the world 1 an excellent short track speed skater(短道速滑运动员). Zhou Yang is not an overnight 2 . She was born in a poor famil

17、y in Changchun on June 9th, 1991 and started 3 at the age of 8. She fell in love with the 4 at once when she put on her skates to train for the first time. Soon her talent(天分)for short track speed skating was 5 . Zhou Yang trained hard and made her way into the national team 6 . In the world champio

18、nships(锦标赛)in 2019, Zhou Yang set a world record in the 1, 500 m event. Zhou Yang won a gold medal at the Vancouver Olympic Winter Games in 2019! Zhou Yang 7 herself again. Her performance gave China the 8 gold medal in the womens 1, 500 meters in the Winter OlympicsChina had never won the event bef

19、ore. “Winning 1, 500 m is my dream, 9 I still have one more dream, winning the relay(接力)competition, ”Zhou Yang said. We hope that her “one more dream” will 10 . 1. A. asB. likeC. forD. with2. A. problemB. fanC. successD. prize3. A. skiingB. swimmingC. runningD. skating4. A. seasonB. sportC. movieD.

20、 book5. A. noticedB. refusedC. receivedD. forgotten6. A. some dayB. as wellC. at firstD. at last7. A. taughtB. provedC. allowedD. accepted8. A. firstB. secondC. thirdD. last9. A. soB. butC. orD. if10. A. see offB. grow upC. come trueD. run away_补全对话。从方框中选择最佳选项完成对话, 有两项多余。A. How did the accident happ

21、en?B. Where were you going at that moment?C. The other person covered me with his coat.D. How are you feeling today?E. Youre welcome.F. Sounds great!G. Then I fell off my bike and hurt my leg. A: Hi, Jane. 1B: Hi, Mary. Im much better now. Thank you for coming to see me.A: 2B: While I was riding alo

22、ng the street, suddenly a car hit me. 3A: Terrible! What happened then?B: Thanks for two walkers. One of them called the First Aid Centre. 4 The ambulance(救护车)came five minutes later. A: How kind they are!B: Yes. I dont know what their names are.A: I hope that you are getting better and better soon.

23、 B: Thank you.A: 51. _2. _3. _4. _5. _二阅读理解。ADoherty was a policeman. He liked boiled(煮熟的)eggs. He often had one for breakfast. One morning in December, he was on duty on the road in his police car. At ten oclock, he went into a small caf by the roadside for breakfast. He ordered a boiled egg, a dri

24、nk and a sandwich. When the waiter brought them to him, he found that the egg was not cooked enough. He looked around the caf and saw a microwave oven(微波炉)on the table beside the wall. He decided to cook his egg a little longer. He put the egg inside the microwave oven and turned it on. He let the e

25、gg cook for one minute, then he took it out. He took the egg back to his table, picked up his spoon and pushed it into the egg. Suddenly there was a loud explosion(爆炸). For a moment, all the other people rushed to hide under the table in the caf as they thought someone had thrown a bomb(炸弹)into the

26、building. But when they saw Dohertys face, they all laughed because he had the egg all over it. Doherty had made a big mistake as eggs must never be cooked in a microwave oven. 1. Dohertys favourite food for breakfast was_. A. a sandwichB. a hot dogC. chipsD. a boiled egg2. Why did he cook the egg w

27、ith a microwave oven? B. They didnt cook the egg enough.C. They didnt cook the egg with a microwave oven. D. He often cooked eggs with a microwave oven.3. Where was the explosion?A. On Dohertys table.B. In the microwave oven.C. In the kitchen.D. In Dohertys car.4. Doherty had the egg all over_.A. hi

28、s feetB. his faceC. the cafD. the waiter5. People felt _ as soon as they heard the explosion.A. excitedB. funnyC. frightenedD. Pleased B Fire can help people in many ways. But it can be very dangerous. Fire can heat water, warm houses, give light and cook. But fire can burn things, too. It can burn

29、trees, houses, animals or people. Sometimes big fires can burn forests.Nobody knows for sure how people began to use fire. But there are many interesting stories about the first time a man or a woman started a fire. One story from Australia tells about a man very, very long time ago. He went up to t

30、he sun by a rope(绳子)and brought fire down. Today people know how to make a fire with matches(火柴). Children sometimes like to play with them. But matches can be very dangerous. One match can burn a piece of paper, and then it might burn a house. A small fire can become a big fire very fast. Fire kill

31、s many people every year. So you must be careful with matches. You should also learn to put out a fire. Fire needs oxygen(氧气). Without oxygen it will die. Cover fire with water, sand or sometimes with your coat. This keeps the air away from fire and kills it. Be careful with fire, and it will help y

32、ou. Be careless with fire, and it will burn you.1. How did people begin to use fire?A. Not everybody knows how people began to use fire.B. Nobody knows how to make a fire.C. It is an Australian who started a fire first.D. We are not sure how people began to use fire.2. Children mustnt play with matc

33、hes because_.A. matches burn paperB. it isnt interestingC. they can be dangerousD. they can burn a house3. When you are going to put out a fire, you_.A. may be carelessB. should keep air away from itC. know it is not dangerousD. should only use water4. We must be careful with fire, or it_.A. will di

34、eB. will warm our housesC. might burn usD. wont help us5. Which of the following is the main idea of this passage?A. Fire can help people in many ways.B. Fire can be both helpful and dangerous.C. Fire can burn things and people.D. We must be careful with matches.CA big earthquake happened in Japan a

35、 few months ago. It was 9.0 on the Richter scale(里氏).It caused a tsunami(海啸) and a nuclear leak(核泄漏).Thousands of people died and millions of Japanese lost their homes.However, the disaster didnt cause panic(恐慌) among Japanese people. When the earthquake happened, people left dangerous places in an

36、orderly way. After the shock, they waited in line for food and water. There was no robbing or stampeding(惊逃).The Japanese are ready for an earthquake at any time. Almost every family has a survival kit(救生包),which has a flashlight, a radio, water and enough food for a few days. It can keep people ali

37、ve(活着) after an earthquake.Many earthquakes happen in China, too. Are you ready for the next earthquake?When an earthquake happens, protect yourself first. The life is the most important because where there is a life there is hope. Dont go back to get your money or computers. When an earthquake has

38、ended, be careful because aftershocks(余震) may still happen. Make sure you wear shoes after an earthquake. There may be broken glass on the ground.We should always hope for the best but prepare for the worst.阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。( )1.The earthquake in March,2019 in Japan caused a tsunami and a nuclear leak.( )2.The earthquake made the Japanese fear.( )3.Few Japanese people lost their homes and their lives.( )4.When the earthquake happens, you should go back to get your money.( )5.There are few earthquakes in China.