天津市咸水沽第一中学2023届高三上学期开学考试英语试题Word版含答案.docx

1、咸一中2022-2023学年第一学期高三开学检测英语笔试试卷一、单选题（本大题共15小题，共15分）1. Tom, you seem to be overjoyed._? I have just received the offer of Sydney University.A. Guess whatB. What forC. What ifD. So what【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：汤姆，你看起来很高兴。你猜怎么着？我刚刚收到悉尼大学的录取通知书。A. Guess what你猜怎么着；B. What for为什么；C. What if假使将会怎么样；D. So what

2、那又怎样。根据语境可知，汤姆很高兴，取得了意想不到的结果，Guess what(你猜怎么着)符合题意。故选A。2. Our efforts were not _; we didnt waste our energy.A. in viewB. in valueC. in vainD. in doubt【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：我们的努力没有白费，我们没有浪费我们的精力。in view计划好的；in value在价值上；in vain白费地；徒劳无益的；in doubt存在疑问。根据下文“we didnt waste our energy”可知，我们没有浪费精力，因

3、此我们的努力没有白费。故选B项。【点睛】3 There was a _ look on his face when he met with the difficult problems.A. confusedB. confusingC. frightenedD. frightening【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词辨析。句意：当他遇到难题时，脸上露出困惑的表情。A.confused 感到困惑的；B. confuing 令人困惑的；C. frightened害怕的；D. frightening 可怕的。根据“when he met with the difficult proble

4、ms”，可知遇到难题时，脸上露出了困惑的表情。confused指某人感到困惑的，而confusing是指某物令人困惑的。故选A。4. The boss is quite _ with his secretarys _ ability.A. satisfied; satisfiedB. satisfying; satisfyingC. satisfied; satisfyingD. satisfying; satisfied【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：老板对他的秘书令人满意的能力相当满意。第一空修饰人的感情，应用-ed结尾形容词satisfied“满意的”，作表语；第二空

5、修饰ability，应用-ing结尾形容词satisfying“令人满意的”，作定语。故选C。5. Only those who have a lot in common can get along well._. Opposites sometimes do attract.A. I hope notB. I think soC. I appreciate thatD. I beg to differ【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：只有那些有许多相同之处的人能和睦相处。恕我不能同意，意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。I hope not我可不希望这样；I think so我认

6、为如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites sometimes do attract.（意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。）可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。故选D。6. 【2018天津】The_ that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.A. adviceB. orderC. possibilityD. invitation【答案】C

7、【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。A. advice建议；B. order命令；C. possibility可能性；D. invitation邀请。故选C。点睛：本题考查名词辨析。名词和动词及短语的考查是高考重点考查的知识点。本题语法上是一个同位语从句，从句that there is life on other planets in the universe是来解释说明前面所选择的名词。根据常识可以判断，宇宙中其它星球上存在生命只是一种可能性，目前无法证明，从而选出正确答案。7. In any unsafe si

8、tuation, simply _ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查祈使句。句意：在任何不安全的情况下，仅仅摁一下这个按钮，一个训练有素的特工就会使你得到你需要的帮助。and是连词，连接并列结构，and后面是一个句子，那么，前面也应是句子，选项中只有动词原形可以构成祈使句，其余的都是非谓语动词，无法构成句子。故A选项正确。点睛：祈使句+and/or+陈述句是一种常见结构。当前后两部

9、分间为承接关系时，用and；前后意思为相反关系时，用or。该句式中的陈述句部分常用一般将来时态。8. 【2018天津】It took him a long time to_ the skills he needed to become a good dancer.A. displayB. acquireC. teachD. test【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。句意：他花了很长时间才获得了成为一名优秀舞蹈家所需的技能。A display显示；B. acquire获得；C. teach教；D. test测试。故选B。点睛：本题考查动词辨析。动词和动词短语的考查是高考重点考

10、查的知识点，解题时要区分清选择项的含义与区别，再联系句意进行判断，从而选出正确答案。9. Amy, as well as her brothers, _ a warm welcome when returning to the village last week.A. is givenB. are givenC. was givenD. were given【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last week可知，应用过去时，排除选项A和B；本句的主语是Amy，她受到热烈欢迎，所以用过去时的被动。故选C。10. More e

11、xpressways _ in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.A. are being builtB. will be builtC. have been builtD. had been built【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意为：四川将建设更多的高速公路以促进当地的经济。根据时间状语soon可知，考查了将来时。英语中的时态是靠动词的变化来体现的，在具体做题时，需要关注的是时间状语。因此，考生在做本题时，需要先找出时间状语soon，然后才能准确判断时态是一般将来时。通过观察选项可知，选项A是现在进行时；选项B是一般将来时；选项C

12、是现在完成时；选项D是过去完成时。故选择B。11. Why do people like pop music? I hate it so much._ it is not your style, that doesnt mean it is bad.A. Only ifB. Even thoughC. Now thatD. In case【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意:-人们为什么喜欢流行音乐?我非常讨厌它。-即使这不是你的风格，也不意味着它不好。A. Only if只有在的时候；B. Even though即使，尽管；C. Now that既然；D. In case以防，万

13、一。前半句说:它不是你的风格；后半句说:这并不意味着流行音乐不好。很明显，前后两句之间是转折关系，空处引导让步状语从句。故选B。12. When _to compare the education system of China and Britain, the professor gave no answer.A. askB. askingC. askedD. to ask【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查时间状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及比较中国和英国的教育制度时，教授没有回答。分析句子可知，本句符合时间状语从句的省略情况，即主句主语与从句主语一致，均为the professor，且从句谓语动

14、词含有be动词的时候，从句的主语和be动词可省略，所以此处其实完整从句为When (the professor was) asked to compare the education system of China and Britain，所以填asked，表示“被问到”。故选C项。13. Education reform has swept across schools, bringing with _ new opportunities for students to develop in an all-round way.A. oneB. itC. themD. those【答案】B【解

15、析】【详解】考查代词辨析。句意：教育改革已经席卷了学校，随之而来的是学生全面发展的新机会。one代指与前文所提事物同类的事物，不合题意，排除选项A；them和those代指的是名词复数，但教育改革是单数，排除选项C和D；it代指前文中提到的同一个事物且为单数，故选B。14. All color fades, _ under the impact of direct sunlight.A. especiallyB. eventuallyC. appropriatelyD. merely【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：所有的颜色都会褪色，尤其是在阳光的直射下。A. especia

16、lly特别、尤其；B. eventually最终；C. appropriately适当地；D. merely仅仅。根据“under the impact of direct sunlight.”可知，此处表示“尤其是”，故A项正确。15. 【2018江苏】Itsstrangethathe_ havetakenthebookswithouttheownerspermission.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/st

17、range/impossible/natural that.”中，其中由that引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should可以省略。故选B。点睛：本题考查虚拟语气。It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that. 主语从句多数情况下用虚拟语气，表达一种要求、命令或者责备、建议或主观看法。但是如果只是表示陈述一个事实而不是强烈的感情，完全可以用一般的陈述语气。试比较：It is strange that he had made a mistake.（陈述一个事实：他犯了错误让人有点奇怪。）I

18、t is strange that he (should) have made a mistake. （虚拟语气，说话者是在责备他本不应该犯错。）二、完形填空（本大题共20小题，共30分）British Cycling had recently hired Dave Brailsford as its new director. At the time, professional cyclists in Great Britain had _16_ nearly one hundred years of mediocrity(平庸). In fact, their_17_ had been s

19、o poor that one of the top bike companies in Europe _18_ to sell bikes to the team because they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the British people using their bikes.What made Brailsford different from previous coaches was his_19_ of searching for a tiny improvement in

20、 everything they do. The whole principle came from the idea that if you_20_ everything you could think of that goes into riding a bike, improve it by 1 percent and you will get a_21_ increase when you put them all together.Brailsford and his coaches began by making small_22_. They redesigned the bik

21、e seats to make them more_23_. They asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts to _24_ ideal muscle temperature while riding and used biofeedback sensors to _25_how each athlete responded to a particular workout.But they didnt stop there.They_26_ to find 1 percent improvements in overlooke

22、d areas. They hired a(n)_27_ to teach each rider the best way to wash their hands to reduce the _28_ of catching a cold. They even painted the _29_ of the team truck white, which helped them _30_little bits of dust that would normally slip by _31_ but could affect the performance of the_32_tuned bik

23、es.As these and hundreds of other small improvements were _33_, the results came faster than anyone could have _34_. Just five years after Brailsford took over, they_35_ the road and track cycling events in all the important Games.16. A. lostB. enjoyedC. showedD. suffered17. A. scoreB. trackC. perfo

24、rmanceD. model18. A. failedB. refusedC. expectedD. pretended19. A. promiseB. opinionC. dreamD. philosophy20. A. broke downB. took downC. put upD. gave away21. A. flexibleB. temporaryC. significantD. random22. A. differencesB. adjustmentsC. programsD. efforts23. A. attractiveB. emptyC. softD. comfort

25、able24. A. maintainB. raiseC. reduceD. discover25. A. changeB. monitorC. manageD. produce26. A. continuedB. happenedC. learnedD. bothered27. A. coachB. secretaryC. assistantD. surgeon28. A. sessionsB. chancesC. recordsD. reactions29. A. tyresB. roofC. insideD. seats30. A. gatherB. recognizeC. spotD.

26、 send31. A. surroundedB. unnoticedC. removedD. discovered32. A. finelyB. initiallyC. slightlyD. positively33. A. took offB. picked upC. built upD. got off34. A. achievedB. rememberedC. mentionedD. imagined35. A. dominatedB. witnessedC. celebratedD. attended【答案】16. D 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A 21. C 22.

27、 B 23. D 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国的自行车赛车队雇佣了Brailsford主管。该主管以一点点进步与改善为人生信条，在各方面不断改进，使得该车队在五年时间里，在重要的赛事中有了自己的一席之地。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时，英国的职业自行车手遭受了近百年的平庸。A. lost失去；B. enjoyed喜爱；C. showed展示；D. suffered遭受。通过下文“nearly one hundred y

28、ears of mediocrity”以及“they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the Brits using their bikes”可推知，此处指英国的职业自行车手被人看不起，遭受了近百年的平庸。故选D。【17题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，他们的表现一直很差，以至于欧洲一家顶级自行车公司拒绝向车队出售自行车，因为他们担心，如果其他专业人士看到英国人在使用他们的自行车，会影响销售。A. score分数；B. track踪迹；C. performance表现；D. model模型。通

29、过下文“had been so poor”以及“they were afraid that it would hurt sales if other professionals saw the Brits using their bikes”可推知，此处指英国的职业自行车手的表现很差。故选C。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：句意：事实上，他们的表现一直很差，以至于欧洲一家顶级自行车公司拒绝向车队出售自行车，因为他们担心，如果其他专业人士看到英国人在使用他们的自行车，会影响销售。A. failed失败；B. refused拒绝；C. expected预期；D. pretended假装。通过

30、下文“they were afraid that it would hurt sales”可推知，此处指自行车公司拒绝向车队出售自行车，因为他们担心会影响销售。故选B。【19题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：与之前的教练不同，Brailsford的人生观是在他们所做的每一件事上都寻求微小的改进。A. promise诺言；B. opinion观点；C. dream梦想；D. philosophy人生观。通过下文“of searching for a tiny improvement in everything they do”可推知，此处指Brailsford的人生观与之前的教练不同。故选D。【2

31、0题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：整个原则来自于这样一个想法，如果你把你能想到的骑自行车的所有东西分解，提高1%，当你把它们放在一起时，你会得到显著的提高。A. broke down分解；B. took down取下；C. put up建造；D. gave away赠送。通过下文“when you put them all together”可推知，此处指分解各个领域并不断改进，再放在一起。故选A。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整个原则来自于这样一个想法，如果你把你能想到的骑自行车的所有东西分解，提高1%，当你把它们放在一起时，你会得到显著的提高。A. flexible灵活的；B.

32、temporary暂时的；C. significant显著的；D. random随意的。通过上文“if you broke down everything you could think of that goes into riding a bike, improve it by 1 percent and you will get”以及下文“increase”可推知，此处指分解各个领域并逐一提升，最后可以得到显著的提高。故选C。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：Brailsford和他的教练们从一些小的调整开始。A. differences差异；B. adjustments调整；C. p

33、rograms程序；D. efforts努力。通过下文“They redesigned the bike seats”以及“asked riders to wear electrically heated over-shorts”可推知，此处指Brailsford和他的教练们做了一些小的调整。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们重新设计了自行车座椅，使其更舒适。A. attractive吸引人的；B. empty空的；C. soft柔软的；D. comfortable舒适的。通过上文“redesigned the bike seats to make them more”可推知

34、，此处指Brailsford和教练们重新设计了自行车车座，使其更舒适。故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们要求骑手在骑行时穿上电热短裤以保持理想的肌肉温度，并使用生物反馈传感器监测每位运动员对特定训练的反应。A. maintain保持；B. raise提升；C. reduce减少；D. discover发现。通过上文“to wear electrically heated over-shorts”以及下文“ideal muscle temperature”可推知，此处指Brailsford和教练们要求骑手穿上电热短裤以保持理想的肌肉温度。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句

35、意：他们要求骑手在骑行时穿上电热短裤以保持理想的肌肉温度，并使用生物反馈传感器监测每位运动员对特定训练的反应。A. change改变；B. monitor监控；C. manage管理；D. produce生产。通过上文“used biofeedback sensors”以及下文“how each athlete responded to a particular workout”可推知，此处指使用生物反馈传感器监测运动员的反应。故选B。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们并没有就此止步，他们继续在被忽视的地方找出1%的改善。A. continued继续；B. happened发生；C.

36、 learned学习；D. bothered打扰。通过上文“But they didnt stop there”以及下文“to find 1 percent improvements”可推知，此处指Brailsford和教练们并没有就此止步，而是继续寻找改善。故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们聘请了一名外科医生来教每位骑手洗手的最佳方法，以降低患感冒的可能性。A. coach教练；B. secretary秘书；C. assistant助理；D. surgeon外科医生。通过下文“teach each rider the best way to wash their hands”

37、以及“catching a cold”可推知，此处指Brailsford和教练们为车队请了一个医生教骑手洗手，来预防感冒。故选D。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们聘请了一名外科医生来教每位骑手洗手的最佳方法，以降低患感冒的可能性。A. sessions会议；B. chances可能性；C. records记录；D. reactions反应。通过下文“the best way to wash their hands to reduce”以及“catching a cold”可推知，教骑手洗手的最佳方法是为了降低患感冒的可能性。故选B。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队

38、卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些灰尘，这些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A. tyres轮胎；B. roof顶部；C. inside里面；D. seats座位。通过下文“affect the performance of the _17_ tuned bikes”可推知，将卡车漆成白色是为了尽可能不影响到调校的自行车的性能，自行车应在卡车里面，所以被漆成白色的应该是卡车的内部。故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A

39、. gather聚集；B. recognize认出；C. spot发现；D. send邮寄。通过上文“helped them”以及下文“little bits of dust”可推知，此处指把卡车的内部漆成白色有助于发现一些灰尘。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A. surrounded被环绕着的；B. unnoticed未被注意到的；C. removed移除的；D. discovered被发现的。通过上文“little bits of dust that

40、 would normally slip”以及下文“but could affect the performance”可推知，此处指灰尘经常不被注意到，但是它会产生影响。故选B。【32题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们甚至把车队卡车的内部漆成白色，这有助于他们发现一些通常会不被注意到的灰尘，它可能会影响到这些经过精确调校的自行车的性能。A. finely精确地；B. initially最初地；C. slightly轻微地；D. positively肯定地。结合语境，再通过下文“tuned bikes”可推知，此处指车队的自行车经过精确地调校，所以细小的灰尘也会使其受到影响。故选A。【33题详

41、解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这些和其他数以百计的小改进累积起来，效果出现的比任何人想象的都要快。A. took off脱下；B. picked up拾起；C. built up累积；D. got off下车。通过上文“As these and hundreds of other small improvement”以及下文“the results came faster”可推知，此处指许多的小的改进累积起来，见效很快。故选C。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些和其他数以百计的小改进累积起来，效果出现的比任何人想象的都要快。A. achieved达到；B. remembered记得；C.

42、 mentioned提到；D. imagined想象。通过上文“the results came faster than anyone could have”可推知，此处指许多的小的改进累积起来，效果比任何人想象的都要好，结果出现的比任何人想象的都要快。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在Brailsford接管后仅仅5年，他们就在所有重要赛事的公路和场地自行车项目中占据了主要地位。A. dominated在中占主要地位；B. witnessed见证；C. celebrated庆祝；D. attended参加。通过上文“the results came faster than an

43、yone could have imagined”以及下文“the road and track cycling events in all the important Games”可推知，此处指Brailsford接管车队仅仅五年，他注重细节的做法就让车队在所有重要赛事的公路和场地自行车项目中占据了主要地位。故选A。三、阅读理解（本大题共20小题，共50分）AUniversity summer school coursesWelcome to our university summer school. Summer is a good time to start a course, purs

44、ue a degree, participate in a professional development program, or prepare for your future. This summer, well be offering hundreds of undergraduate and graduate courses available online. These include special professional development classes and programs. Take a look at some of our courses below.Tit

45、le:Africana PhilosophyInstructor:Ted Karson, PhDSession:seven-week sessionTime:Tues., Thurs., 8:30-11:30 a. m., or on demandStart Date:June 22, 2020Notes: This course meets via live web conference. Students must attend and participate at the scheduled meeting time.Description: This class carries out

46、 a research of Africana philosophy as a subject studied by professional philosophers of African background and non-African scholars. Students enrolled will be exploring related issues in a classroom environment mediated by dialogued debates, and presentations.Title:Space Law and PolicyInstructor:A.

47、J. Harrison, PhDSession:four-week sessionTime:Tues., Thurs., noon-3:00 p.m.Start Date:June 23, 2020Notes: This course meets via live web conference. Students must attend and participate at the scheduled meeting time.Description: This course shows students the practice of space law and policy in the

48、United States and around the world. Students start by exploring the basics of both fields. Then they take a detailed look at the roles of governance, addressing ongoing debates challenging the space sector.Title:Introduction to Social AnthropologyInstructor:Adam Mackay, PhDSession:six-week sessionTi

49、me:Tues., Thurs., 3:15-6:15 p.m.Start Date:June 22, 2020Notes: Open to admitted Secondary School Program students. Required sections for graduate students and optional sections for undergraduate students to be arranged.Description: The course explores anthropological approaches to society, culture,

50、history, and current events. Students will conduct in-depth studies on a series of themes and try their best to deal with the intellectual and ethical challenges of anthropologists both in the past and at present.Title:African and African American ReligionsInstructor:Danile Evans, PhDSession:seven-w

51、eek sessionTime:Tues., Thurs., 8:30-11:30 a.m., or on demandStart Date:June 21, 2020Notes: This course meets via live web conference. Students must attend and participate at the scheduled meeting time.Description: This course provides an overview of West African and African American religions from a

52、 comparative, transatlantic aspect. Based on up-to-date research, the course explores the historical process by which African religions have become world religions a trend that is speeding up in the 21st century.36. By participating in Africana Philosophy courses, students can _ .A. attend and parti

53、cipate in some academic meetings in AfricaB. be involved in studying some issues related to African PhilosophyC. have face-to-face communications with some African professionalsD. turn to some African background scholars for help to finish the course37. How does the instructor in Space Law and Polic

54、y help the students learn?A. By showing students how space law and policy are practised.B. By showing the students around the United States and the world.C. By introducing how to explore the basics of space law and policy.D. By introducing the history of making the space law and policy.38. If you on

55、ly have free time in the afternoon from June 22, 2020 to July 20, 2020, which course is suitable for you?A. Africana Philosophy.B. Space Law and Policy.C. Introduction to Social Anthropology.D. African and African American Religions.39. Whose course is available for high school students?A. Ted Karso

56、n.B. A. J. Harrison.C. Adam Mackay.D. Danile Evans.40. What is the purpose of the text?A. To explore the meaning of a good summer.B. To make comments on the courses of a university.C. To discuss the advantages of a university summer school.D. To introduce the online courses of a university summer sc

57、hool.【答案】36. B 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了某大学暑假为本科和研究生提供的数百个线上课程中的四个，包括它们的指导老师、时间、注意事项、课程主要内容等。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据第一门课程中的“This class carries out a research of Africana philosophy as a subject studied by professional philosophers of African background and non-African scholars. Students e

58、nrolled will be exploring related issues in a classroom environment mediated by dialogued, debates, and presentations. (本课程以非洲哲学为研究对象，由非洲背景的专业哲学家和非非洲学者进行研究。入学的学生将在对话、辩论和演讲的课堂环境中探索相关问题)”可知，学生将参与非洲哲学相关问题的研究。故选B。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第二门可课程中的“This course shows students the practice of space law and policy in

59、the United States and around the world. (本课程向学生展示美国和世界各地空间法律和政策的实践)”可知，在Space Law and Policy这门课程中指导老师通过给学生展示美国和世界各地空间法律和政策是如何实践的来给与学生帮助。故选A。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第二门课程中的“Session:four-week session(课时长度：为期四周)”,“Time:Tues., Thurs., noon-3:00 p.m.(时间：周二、周四，中午至下午3点)”个“Start Date:June 23, 2020(开始日期：2020年6月23日)”可

60、知，Space Law and Policy时长为四周，即从2020年6月23日到2020年7月21日，时间是在每周二和周四中午到下午三点。如果你从2020年6月22日到2020年7月20日只有下午有空余时间可以选择这门课程。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第三门课程中的“Open to admitted Secondary School Program students. (对被录取的中学生开放)”可知，Adam Mackay, PhD的课程适合高中生。故选C。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的“This summer, well be offering hundreds of u

61、ndergraduate and graduate courses available online. These include special professional development classes and programs. Take a look at some of our courses below.(今年夏天，我们将在网上提供数百门本科和研究生课程。这些包括特殊的专业发展课程和项目。看看我们下面的一些课程吧)”结合下文介绍的四个课程可知，本文的目的是介绍某大学暑期班网络课程。故选D。BOjok Okellos dream to build a city in his f

62、athers home village began with a small house. When he set foot there in Northern Uganda for the first time in 2013, he wanted to build a small mud brick house where he could spend time with his extended family in Okere. But the poverty of his dads village nagged at him.So in 2018 he returned. By tha

63、t time, hed earned a masters degree in rural development, where he studied up on various kinds of aid projects. International projects often didnt work in places like Northern Uganda, hed begun to realize, because they saw locals as recipients, not cooperators. So when he decided to help rebuild Oke

64、re, he believed it had to be done differently.He began asking locals what their most pressing challenges were. At the time, the nearest school was 2.5 miles away, and had few teachers and books.So Mr. Okello took out his savings and in 2019 began building a small kindergarten. Later, he began anothe

65、r program to help adults learn to read and write. This fall, after Okere residents said they needed a way to make money, Mr. Okello began to experiment with processing small nuts, which residents mostly womencollect and turn into butter for cooking and cosmetics.But his project has run into some of

66、the same challenges as other development projects in the region. It needs money. To date, almost all of the project has been funded by Mr. Okellos savings. Hes open to donor support, as long as donors are willing to back what the community says it needs rather than impose their own agenda. And so fa

67、r, hes had some donors. But the question of funding remains a lasting one. Mr. Okello says he plans to keep using his own money until he has none left to give. “New York City was built by someone. Okere will also be built.” he says. “The most important thing is that its foundation has already been l

68、aid.”41. What do the underlined words “nagged at” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. Encouraged.B. Transformed.C. Honored.D. Worried.42. Why did international aid projects fail to work in Northern Uganda?A They lacked money.B. They couldnt find cooperators.C. They didnt get locals involved.D. They lack

69、ed experts in rural development.43. What did Mr. Okello do for Okere residents?A. He met their educational needs.B. He sponsored their schoolchildren.C. He taught at the local kindergarten.D. He found jobs for women in a cosmetic factory.44. Whats the main challenge of Mr. Okellos project?A. Its sho

70、rt of money.B. It is not welcomed by the locals.C. There are not enough participants in it.D. It doesnt change the poverty of the village.45. What does Mr. Okello want donors to do?A. Help lay the foundation for Okere.B. Solve real problems of the community.C. Put forward their own construction plan

71、s.D. Launch as many development projects as possible.【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. A 45. B【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了奥约克奥凯洛通过不懈努力，帮助当地人重建奥克尔的故事。【41题详解】词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“When he set foot there in Northern Uganda for the first time in 2013, he wanted to build a small mud brick house where he could spend time with h

72、is extended family in Okere. But the poverty of his dads village nagged at him.(2013年，当他第一次踏上乌干达北部的土地时，他想建造一座小泥砖房子，在那里他可以与他在奥克尔的大家庭共度时光。但他父亲所在村庄的贫困状况.他。)”可知，奥凯洛希望建造一座小泥砖房子，转折连词but之后应说明他的想法受到了阻碍，父亲所在村庄的贫困状况使他担忧，推测划线短语表示“担心，担忧”，与worried同义。故选D项。【42题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“International projects often didnt wo

73、rk in places like Northern Uganda, hed begun to realize, because they saw locals as recipients, not cooperators.(他开始意识到，国际项目通常在乌干达北部这样的地方行不通，因为他们把当地人视为接受者，而不是合作者。)”可知，国际援助项目在乌干达北部无法奏效是因为他们没有把当地人当成合作者，没有让当地人参与进来。故选C项。【43题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“So Mr. Okello took out his savings and in 2019 began building a

74、 small kindergarten. Later, he began another program to help adults learn to read and write.(因此，奥凯洛拿出自己的积蓄，于2019年开始修建一所小型幼儿园。后来，他开始了另一个帮助成年人学习读写的项目。)”可知，奥凯洛先生为奥克尔居民修建了一所小型幼儿园并开始了一个帮助成年人学习读写的项目，所以奥凯洛先生满足了奥克尔居民的教育需求。故选A项。【44题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“But his project has run into some of the same challenges as

75、 other development projects in the region. It needs money. To date, almost all of the project has been funded by Mr. Okellos savings. (但他的项目遇到了与该地区其他发展项目相同的一些挑战。它需要钱。到目前为止，几乎所有的项目都是由奥凯洛先生的积蓄资助的。)”可知，奥凯洛先生的项目的主要挑战是它缺钱。故选A项。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Hes open to donor support, as long as donors are willing

76、 to back what the community says it needs rather than impose their own agenda.(他对捐助者的支持持开放态度，只要捐助者愿意支持社区所说的需要，而不是强加实行他们自己的议程。)”可知，奥凯洛先生希望捐赠者支持社区所说的需要，而不是强加实行他们自己的议程，由此可推断出，奥凯洛先生希望捐赠者能解决社区的实际问题。故选B项。CNearly one year after the arrival of the COVID-19 pandemic, students across Chicago and the suburbs i

77、n the US say when it comes to high school, the thrill is gone. Simple pleasures such as getting together with friends in the hallways and catching up over lunch in the cafeteria are displaced by a dystopian (反乌托邦的) landscape of remote learning and virtual extracurricular.After 11 months of remote le

78、arning, and what many teens describe as the soul-crushing disappointment of canceled after school activities, experts say a growing number of teens are now struggling with anxiety and depression due to heightened levels of stress and social isolation.Still, the following stories shared by high schoo

79、l students from Chicago and the suburbs provide a glimmer of hope that for some, the pandemic-era heartbreak might develop a generation of resilient (有韧性的) young adults who will be better equipped to deal with lifes twists and turns.Students who participate in speech, an activity that combines drama

80、 and public speaking, have been able to continue this school year, albeit (尽管) over the internet. Instead of delivering emotional monologues (独白) and duets (二重唱) to a live panel of judges, they must summon their best performances while looking into a webcam.“Dueting is so frustrating when it comes t

81、o online,” said Jaylah Hogg, 17, a junior at Thornton Township High School in Harvey. “Wi-Fi at my house is pretty good but my partners isnt. So its like Im trying to time her lines in my head because shes blanking out when shes talking. Sometimes the judges do hold that against us.”But it hasnt bee

82、n all bad. After nearly a year of remote learning, Deerfield High School freshman Ben Segall, 15, said he was excited that the school was expected to finally welcome students back into the building for a hybrid program later this month.The pandemic has also crushed the athletic seasons for sports at

83、 many high schools including Senn High School in the Edgewater neighborhood. There, Davion Holmes is staying focused on applying to Wilberforce, Ohio-based Central State University.And with some of the recent updates to the Illinois High School Associations COVID-19 guidelines, Holmes said he remain

84、ed hopeful, albeit realistic, about finally resuming his high school athletic career in the months ahead.“I didnt want to have to live through a pandemic, but I worked through it, and thats something Ill be able to tell my kids and grandkids someday,” he added.46. What is a major problem with remote

85、 learning?A. The heavy workload.B. The lack of social interaction.C. The large number of students in class.D. The high levels of stress in class.47. Why did Jaylah Hogg find online dueting frustrating?A. The Wi-Fi at her house was dissatisfactory.B. It was hard to work as a team online.C. The judges

86、 failed to do their job well.D. She felt nervous in front of the webcam.48. What does Davion Holmes think of the pandemic?A. It allowed him to focus on applying to universities.B. It made little difference to his athletic career.C. It is something that has made him stronger.D. Its the last thing he

87、wants to mention in the future.49. Whats the main purpose of the article?A. To describe the pandemics influence on teens.B. To present different views on the pandemic.C. To call for attention to students mental health.D. To encourage teens to be positive toward school life.50. What is the best title

88、 of the passage?A. Athletic CareerB. Monologues and DuetsC. Best PerformancesD. Adapting to Change【答案】46. B 47. B 48. A 49. A 50. D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了由于疫情缘故，给孩子们带来了社交等各种压力。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段话“After 11 months of remote learning, and what many teens describe as the soul-crushing disappointment of c

89、anceled after school activities, experts say a growing number of teens are now struggling with anxiety and depression due to heightened levels of stress and social isolation.(在进行了11个月的远程学习之后，许多青少年都对取消课外活动感到失望，专家说，越来越多的青少年现在正因压力和社交孤立而饱受焦虑和抑郁的折磨。)”可知，由于远程教学，孩子们现在面对的最大问题是缺乏社交。故选B项。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段话“W

90、i-Fi at my house is pretty good but my partners isnt. So its like Im trying to time her lines in my head because shes blanking out when shes talking. Sometimes the judges do hold that against us.(我家的Wi-Fi很好，但我搭档的就不好了。就好像我要在脑子里给她的台词计时因为她说话的时候脑子一片空白。有时候裁判确实会因此而对我们不利。)”可知，在网上想要完成团队协作比较难，有时候她的搭档网络不好，这样会

91、影响裁判的判定。故选B项。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第三段话“There, Davion Holmes is staying focused on applying to Wilberforce, Ohio-based Central State University.(在那里，Davion Holmes仍然专注于申请俄亥俄州威尔伯福斯的中央州立大学。 )”可知，他在疫情期间还是专注的申请他的理想大学，故选A项。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段话“After 11 months of remote learning, and what many teens describe as

92、the soul-crushing disappointment of canceled after school activities, experts say a growing number of teens are now struggling with anxiety and depression due to heightened levels of stress and social isolation.(在进行了11个月的远程学习之后，许多青少年都对取消课外活动感到失望，专家说，越来越多的青少年现在正因压力和社交孤立而饱受焦虑和抑郁的折磨。)”以及第七段话“The pandem

93、ic has also crushed the athletic seasons for sports at many high schools including Senn High School in the Edgewater neighborhood.(疫情还摧毁了许多高中的体育季，包括埃奇沃特社区的森高中。 )”可知，文章目的在于讲述疫情在家上网课给孩子们带来了很多的影响。故选A项。【50题详解】主旨大意题。据第二段话“After 11 months of remote learning, and what many teens describe as the soul-crushi

94、ng disappointment of canceled after school activities, experts say a growing number of teens are now struggling with anxiety and depression due to heightened levels of stress and social isolation.(在进行了11个月的远程学习之后，许多青少年都对取消课外活动感到失望，专家说，越来越多的青少年现在正因压力和社交孤立而饱受焦虑和抑郁的折磨。)”以及第三段话“Still, the following stor

95、ies shared by high school students from Chicago and the suburbs provide a glimmer of hope that for some, the pandemic-era heartbreak might develop a generation of resilient (有韧性的) young adults who will be better equipped to deal with lifes twists and turns.(不过，来自芝加哥和郊区的高中生分享的以下故事给一些人带来了一线希望，对一些人来说，疫

96、情时代的心碎的时刻可能会培养出一代适应能力强的年轻人，他们将更好地应对生活的曲折。)”可知，疫情给青少年带来了很多的负面影响，但这并不意味着都是坏的，也许正是疫情的缘故能看到更多适应能力强的年轻人，D项“适应变化”符合文意。故选D项。DWe are all born social and company to live happy and fruitful life. Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help reduce stress and promote the, physical, mental and emotional wel

97、l-being by building skills like time management, assertiveness( 坚定自信), sociability and empathy.Making friends has made me feel secure. However, I have to be cautious to pick up friends sharing similar tastes and values. In addition, having added to ones circle of friends helps one feel supported.It

98、is true that finding time to cultivate relationships is all about effective time management. My busy uncle finds time to catch up with family and friends during his tea and lunch breaks. Similarly my friend Somya uses her time on her way back home from work in her chauffeur-driven car to catch up wi

99、th people. The modern inventions of SMS and e-mail help send wishes for birthdays and anniversaries to show your love and care.Assertiveness is as much applicable to relationships. My friend Mohana emphasizes that neither being a passive observer nor being aggressive helps relationships. It is asser

100、tiveness in our relationships that opens the lines of effective communication. It emphasizes helping friends in need and also strengthens mutually supportive relationships.It is also true that assertiveness by intuition promotes discretion(自行决定权) of friends and helps Lalitha distinguish positive peo

101、ple from drains of energy. She can easily figure this out by the flow of the conversation, the way each feels understood, accepted and supported, and by how I feel, happy, bored or energized in the relationship. It also helps to know whether all benefit from each others positive aspects.Handling str

102、ess in life is all about cultivating mutually supportive relationships and working on them. Manisha always says she feels great when sharing her feelings after a hard day with people who share similar ideas. Actually we all need someone who would not just hear us, but listen to us, and we need to cu

103、ltivate the art of listening and understanding people.51. A busy person can develop his social relationships by_.A. inviting friends for dinnerB. making friends with strangersC. working hard for high positionsD. getting together in the intervals of business52. Which of the following helps build mutu

104、ally supportive social relationships?A Being passive.B. Being assertive.C. Being aggressive.D. Being relaxed.53 A person most needs supportive social relationships when he/she is_.A. lonelyB. boredC. stressedD. energetic54. From the passage, who can positively get supportive social relationship?A. M

105、anisha.B. Mohana.C. Lalitha.D. Somya.55. What is mainly discussed in the passage?A. How should we handle our stress in life?B. What is to be done for applicable relationships?C. How can we pick up friends supporting us?D. How people build mutually supportive social relationship?【答案】51. D 52. B 53. C

106、 54. A 55. D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。如何构建相互支持的社会关系？本文就此提供一些技巧：时间管理、坚定自信、社会化和共鸣。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“My busy uncle finds time to catch up with family and friends during his tea and lunch breaks. Similarly my friend Somya uses her time on her way back home from work in her chauffeur-driven car to catch up with

107、people. (我忙碌的叔叔在茶点和午餐休息时间，抽出时间和家人朋友叙叙旧。同样地，我的朋友Somya下班回家时，她的司机开车，她利用司机在路上开车的时间和人们交谈。)”可知，忙碌的人通过利用休息时间和朋友团聚，以此来维护社会关系，故选D。【52题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help reduce stress and promote the, physical, mental and emotional well-being by building skills like time manageme

108、nt, assertiveness( 坚定自信), sociability and empathy.(健康和相互支持的人际关系有助于减轻压力，通过培养时间管理、自信、社交能力和同情心等技能，促进身心和情感健康。)”和第四段中“Assertiveness is as much applicable to relationships.(自信同样适用于人际关系。)”可知，自信有助于培养相互支持的社会关系，故选B。【53题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Handling stress in life is all about cultivating mutually supportive relat

109、ionships and working on them. Manisha always says she feels great when sharing her feelings after a hard day with people who share similar ideas.(处理生活中的压力就是培养相互支持的人际关系，并努力改善这种关系。Manisha总是说，当她在一天的辛苦工作之后和有相同想法的人分享她的感受时，她感觉很好。)”可知，此处以Manisha的例子说明，和别人分享自己的压力，有助于培养相互支持的人际关系，由此可推知，当一个人有压力时，他/她最需要相互支持的社会关系

110、，故选C。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Handling stress in life is all about cultivating mutually supportive relationships and working on them. Manisha always says she feels great when sharing her feelings after a hard day with people who share similar ideas.(处理生活中的压力就是培养相互支持的人际关系，并努力改善这种关系。Manisha总是说，当她在一天的辛苦工作之

111、后和有相同想法的人分享她的感受时，她感觉很好。)”可知，Manisha通过与他人分享自己的心情来消除压力，这是处理生活中的压力，就是培养相互支持的社会关系，由此可知，Manisha能积极地获得支持性的社会关系，故选A。【55题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Healthy and supportive mutual relationships help reduce stress and promote the, physical, mental and emotional well-being by building skills like time management, as

112、sertiveness( 坚定自信), sociability and empathy.(健康和相互支持的人际关系有助于减轻压力，通过培养时间管理、自信、社交能力和同情心等技能，促进身心和情感健康。)”可知，本文主要讲述了构建相互支持的社会关系的一些技巧，包括时间管理、坚定自信、社会化和共鸣。故选D。四、阅读表达（本大题共1小题,共10分）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题Eleven-year-old Ruby Kate has long been close to older folks. Her mother, Amanda Chitsey, works at nursing hom

113、es in northwest Arkansas, and Ruby Kate often goes with her in the summer. “Ive never found them scary at all, so Im able to just go up to them and ask if they need anything,” she says.Last May, Ruby Kate noticed a resident named Pearl staring out a window. She seemed sad. “What are you looking at?”

114、 Ruby Kate asked. Pearl said she was watching her dog being led away by his new owner after a visit. Pearl didnt know when she would see her dog again.Ruby Kate and Amanda asked around and discovered that the nursing home didnt allow residents to have dogs and Pearl couldnt afford to pay anyone to l

115、ook after hers. The Chitseys also learned that many nursing home residents are unable to afford even the smallest luxuries. So Ruby Kate decided to do something about it.She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world. “Thats a lot simpler than going, Hey, what do you

116、 want?” she explains. “They can understand you better.” Amanda worried that people would ask for cars and other things an 11-year-old wouldnt be able to provide. Instead, they asked for chocolate bars, McDonalds fries, pants that fit properly, and even just a prayer.“It broke me as a human,” Amanda

117、says. “We left the nursing home that day and went straight to a store and bought as many items as we could.” Using their own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months.Then they started asking for donations, set up a GoFundMe page, Three Wishes for Rubys Residents, an

118、d raised more than $250,000 in five months. One of their new goals is to set up a communal laptop in one nursing home in each state.Ruby Kate doesnt plan to stop there. “I consider kindness to be my hobby,” she says, “and Im very good at it.”56. What makes Ruby Kate have a close relationship with ol

119、der people? (No more than 10 words)57. Why was Pearls dog taken away from her? (No more than 15 words)58. What are paragraphs 4 and 5 mainly about? (No more than 10 words)59. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (No more than 10 words)60. What do you think of Ruby Kat

120、e? Give your reasons. (No more than 20 words)【答案】56. She often goes to them and finds them not scary. 57. Because the nursing home forbad dogs and Pearl couldnt afford to have hers looked after. Or: Because the nursing home banned dogs and Pearl had no money to have hers raised. Or: Because the nurs

121、ing home didnt allow dogs and Pearl couldnt pay to have hers raised. 58. How Ruby Kate（the Chitseys）helped the nursing home residents. 59. She will continue to do more work to offer help. 60. Ruby Kate is kind, bright and helpful because she has devoted herself to helping people in a smart way.【解析】【

122、分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了鲁比凯特(Ruby Kate)经常跟着在养老院工作的母亲阿曼达奇奇(Amanda Chitsey)一起去阿肯色州西北部的养老院看望老人；随后，她们又积极寻求捐款，为老人们买他们最想要的东西。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中 “Ive never found them scary at all, so Im able to just go up to them and ask if they need anything,” she says. 她说：“我从来没有发现他们有任何可怕的地方，所以我可以走到他们面前，问他们是否需要任何东西。”可知，关键词是neve

123、r scary和go up to them。故回答为She often goes to them and finds them not scary.。【57题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Ruby Kate and Amanda asked around and discovered that the nursing home didnt allow residents to have dogs and Pearl couldnt afford to pay anyone to look after hers. Ruby Kate和Amanda四处打听，发现养老院不允许居民养狗，而珀尔又雇不起

124、人来照顾她可知，关键词是didnt allow to have dogs和couldnt afford to pay。故回答为Because the nursing home forbad dogs and Pearl couldnt afford to have hers looked after. Or: Because the nursing home banned dogs and Pearl had no money to have hers raised. Or: Because the nursing home didnt allow dogs and Pearl couldnt

125、 pay to have hers raised.。【58题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段中She started by asking residents what three things they wanted most in the world. 她首先问这里的老人他们最想的三样东西。和第五段中Using their own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months. Chitseys一家用自己的钱，在三个月内满足了大约100人的愿望。可知，这两段主要是讲述了Ruby Kate怎么帮

126、助这些养老院的老人的。故回答为How Ruby Kate（the Chitseys）helped the nursing home residents.。【59题详解】词义猜测题。根据划线句的上一句One of their new goals is to set up a communal laptop in one nursing home in each state. 他们的新目标之一是在每个州的疗养院里建立一个公共的笔记本电脑。可知，Ruby Kate会继续提供帮助。故回答为She will continue to do more work to offer help.。【60题详解】推

127、理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Using their own money, the Chitseys granted the wishes of about 100 people in three months.” Chitseys一家用自己的钱，在三个月内满足了大约100人的愿望。最后一段最后一句“I consider kindness to be my hobby,” she says, “and Im very good at it.”“我认为善良是我的爱好，”她说，“我非常擅长它。”可知，Ruby Kate是个善良、有智慧、无私奉献的人。故回答为Ruby Kate is kind, bri

128、ght and helpful because she has devoted herself to helping people in a smart way.。五、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25分）61. 假设你是晨光中学的李津。2022年北京冬奥会圆满结束了，苏翊鸣、谷爱凌等中国青少年选手表现优异，夺得多枚金牌。为号召同学们向优秀的同龄人学习，你校英语社团的微信公众号开展以“Growing up along with Olympic Champions”为主题的英语征文活动。现请你投稿，文章内容应包括：（1）奥运冠军的共同点（追求梦想，全力以赴，永不言弃等）；（2）如何做学习或生活中的

129、“冠军”？注意：（1）词数不少于100词；（2）可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；（3）题目和开头已给出，不计入总词数。Growing up along with Olympic ChampionsMany teenage champions have stood out in the Beijing Winter Olympics. _【答案】Many teenage champions have stood out in the Beijing Winter Olympics. Their self-made accomplishments are an incredible sour

130、ce of inspiration for anyone who aspires to fulfillment in life.The stories coming out of the champions have much in common. First, they go all out to be excellent, which is the universal quality that will pay off in the long-term. Besides, faced with one failure after another, they never give up, t

131、aking every setback in stride. In the course of the pursuit of our dreams, we also need goal to keep us moving forward as well as the resilience to deal with tress and failure. A journey of 1,000 miles begins with one step. I have every ground to believe persistence and the longing for excellence wi

132、ll help us teenagers win through.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生为学校英语社团组织的以“Growing up along with Olympic Champions”为主题的英语征文活动投稿。【详解】1.词汇积累突出、杰出：stand outexcelent放弃：give upquit处理：deal withcope with坚持：persistenceinsistence2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Besides, faced with one failure after another, they never give up, tak

133、ing every setback in stride. 拓展句：Besides, when they are faced with one failure after another, they never give up, taking every setback in stride. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Their self-made accomplishments are an incredible source of inspiration for anyone who aspires to fulfillment in life.（运用了who引导的定语从句）【高分句型2】First, they go all out to be excellent, which is the universal quality that will pay off in the long-term. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句以及that引导的限制性定语从句）