2012届高考英语新课标人教版第一轮必修5基础知识梳理复习UNIT 3 LIFE IN THE FUTURE.ppt

1、Unit 3Life in the future1impression n印象；感想；印记2previous adj.在前的；早先的3surroundings n周围的事物；环境n缺乏；短缺的东西4lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有5ache n&vi.疼痛；痛6switch n开关；转换；突变 vt.&vi.打开(或关掉)开关；改变；转换7private adj.私人的；私有的8settlement n定居；解决；殖民地1previous adj.在前的；早先的例句He has had no previous experience of this kind of job.他以前没有做这种工作

2、的经验。搭配previous toprior to 在之前；先于(后接名词或动名词)运用完成句子来此之前，我在北京工作。_coming here,I worked in Beijing.Previous to2surroundings n周围的事物；环境例句Animals in zoos are not in their natural surroundings.动物园中的动物没有自然环境。派生surround v包围；环绕surrounding adj.周围的辨析surroundings/environment(1)surroundings 专指自然环境，从周围的事物这一客体着眼。(2)en

3、vironment 可指自然环境，也可指精神环境。运用用上面所提供的辨析词填空The girl grew up in beautiful _but not in a happyfamily_.surroundingsenvironment3lack vi.&vt.缺乏；没有n缺乏；短缺的东西例句搭配He lacks courage.他缺乏勇气。for lack of 因缺少no lack of 充足的be lacking in 缺少运用完成句子(1)蔬菜不缺。There is _vegetables.(2)由于缺乏技术，他不能做这项工作。He cannot do the work _skill

4、s.no lack offor lack ofvt.&vi.打开(或关掉)开关；4switch n开关；转换；突变改变；转换例句Could you turn on the light switch?你可以打开灯的开关吗？搭配switch off 关掉；关上switch on 打开；接通switch out 切断switch from.to.由转变为；从转移到a switch in 在方面的转变运用完成句子(1)你离开办公室时务必把灯关掉。Be sure to _the light when you leave the office.(2)首先，你必须先接通你的计算机。First,you hav

5、e to _your computer.(3)这位商人将把他的钱从伦敦转移到世界其他地方。The businessman will _his money_ London _ otherparts of the world.switch offswitch onswitchfromto5settlementn定居；解决；殖民地例句The British Empire had many settlements.大英帝国有许多殖民地。派生settle v安家；定居；解决settler n定居者搭配settle down 定居下来；安定下来settle down to 专心于settle in/int

6、o 适应新环境；在新居安顿下来运用完成句子(1)他在新屋居住下来。He took up his _ in a new house.(2)你最好安定下来并开始复习功课。You had better_ and study the lesson.(3)动物们很快适应了动物园的生活。The animals quickly _ the zoo.settlementsettle downsettle into用本单元所学单词及用法完成下列句子1解决问题的时机已经成熟。The problem is ripe for_.2他说的话给我留下深刻的印象。His words_my memory.3我记得你在以前某个

7、时候提及过同一件事。I remember you mentioned the same thing on a_occasion.settlementare strongly impressed on/make a strong impressiononprevious4他没有过多注意周围的环境。He didnt pay much attention to his_.5由于时间不够，我们只能做到这样。Oweing to _time,we cannot do more than what we havedone.6他胸部有点疼。He _ his chest.7他不断地转换话题。He _the co

8、nversation _one subject _another.surroundingslack ofhas an ache inswitchedfromto1.lose sight of.看不见；失去联系；忽视2.speed up 加速1lose sight of.看不见；失去联系；忽视例句拓展Ive lost sight of that brid.我看不见那只小鸟了。out of sight 看不见；在视野之外catch sight of 瞥见；突然看见at first sight 初见；乍看之下运用完成句子(1)我和他完全失去了联系。I _ him entirely.(2)飞机向上飞去

9、，随即看不见了。The plane flew upwards and_.(3)她对他一见钟情。She fell in love with him_.have lost sight ofout of sightat first sight2speed up 加速例句They have speeded up production of the new car.他们加快了新汽车的生产。拓展at a speed of.以的速度at the speed of light/sound 以光速/音速with speed 快速地运用完成句子(1)那辆汽车以每小时六十英里的速度行驶。The car runs_

10、sixty miles per hour.(2)他在飞快地打字，工作效率很高。He was typing _ and efficiency.at a speed ofwith speed用本单元所学短语及用法完成下列句子1你能不能尽量加快速度？否则我们就会错过航班。Could you try and _ a bit?Or well miss the flight.2钢琴占地方太多。The piano _ too much space.3在她等了两个小时之后，她高兴地看见远处有一辆小车。She _a car in the distance and felt happy aftertwo hour

11、s long wait.4聚会结束后她被留下来做打扫工作。She was left to_ after the party.5她常常头痛。She often _headaches.speed uptakes upcaught sight ofsweep upsuffers from原句Which problems do you think people will haveovercome in one thousand years？你认为有哪些问题在一千年以后人们可以克服？精讲这是一个含有插入语成份的特殊疑问句。其构成为：特殊疑问词插入语(do you think/suppose/expect

12、/believe 等)陈述语序。精练根据中文提示，完成下列句子(1)你觉得我们什么时候见面好？_for us to have a meeting?(2)你为什么认为他们不会按时到呢？_they will arrive on time?When do you think is convenientWhy dont you think运用所学语言基础知识，补充完整下面短文，并背诵之His whole morning(1)_(被占据)with the meetingand his head ached when it was finally over.Just at that time,theass

13、istant came in and(2)_(提醒)him that it was time forhim to meet the customer at the airport.Looking at his watch,he(3)_(站起来)and rushed out of his office into hiscar.Worried about(4)_(留下不好的印象)the customer,he(5)_(加速)his car on the way butgot there some minutes late.Among all the people (6)_(向四面八方),he(7)

14、_(看见)the customerwho was waiting for him,(8)_(没有)patience.He hurried tothe man,thinking of the coming holiday.was taken upremindedjumped to his feetmaking a poor impression onspeeded upin alldirectionscaught sight oflacking听说考试“故事复述”备考指导(六)3使用定语从句连接句子，丰富内容。在复述时，常常可以使用定语从句丰富时间状语、地点状语，补充说明一件事情。例 1：(原文

15、)The couple gladly invited him to dinner and shared thescarce food with him.At night,the couple invited him to sleep ontheir bed while they used the shed.The next morning the merchantsaid good bye to the couple.When he arrived home,he had a lovelyhouse built for the couple in return for their kindne

16、ss andhospitality.本段文字可发挥定语从句的作用。参考答案：athe couple gladly shared the scarce food with him andinvited him to sleep on their bed,which greatly impressed him.b.their kindness and hospitality left a deep impression on themerchant,because of which he had a beautiful house built for themafter he reached ho

17、me.4多种方法概括人物心情。故事的发展情节经常伴随着人物心情的变化。考生可用以下方法描述人物心情。例 2：Several days later,the parents received news from the policethat their son had committed suicide by falling from a building.Ingreat pain,the parents went to identify the body of their son anddiscovered that their son had only one arm and one leg.

18、a.使用形容词直接描述。如：the grief-stricken parentsb.使用非谓语。如：Grief-stricken,the parents went to identifythe body of their son。c.使用介词词组。如：in great pain,to ones surprise/amazement/disappointment,with a smile on ones face。d.使用常用句型“so/such.that”。如：The parents were so sad that they went to identify the body oftheir

19、 son.以上复述故事的方法与任务写作摘要导写的技巧，学生可融会贯通，通过口语促进写作技巧的提高，通过写作锻炼口语复述能力。写作基础指导二怎样写好英语句子(二)二、表达原因的结构掌握好表达原因的结构是十分重要的，几乎所有的写作试题都要求写原因或可以写原因。英语中用来表达原因这一概念的 结 构 有 多 种。我 们 可 用 as,because,since,seeing that,considering that,now that,not that.等词(词组)引出表示原因的从句。如：Now that we have seen these great achievements with our o

20、wneyes,we feel more proud than ever of our country.既然我们亲眼看到这些伟大的成就，我们更加为我们的祖国感到骄傲了。Professor Liu is strict with us because he wants us to makerapid progress.刘教授对我们要求严格，因为他想我们取得快速进步。Since we live near the sea,we enjoy a healthy climate.由于我们住在海的附近，我们这的气候很有益于健康。三、否定结构否定结构除了在助动词、情态动词、be 和 have 后面加 not之外

21、，还有许多不含 not 的否定结构。若能正确使用他们，文章会显得生动活泼，增加写作的闪光点。1含有否定意义的词汇和短语：介词：against,beyond,but,except,without,.形容词和动词：absent,deny,differ,different,fail,free,ignore,miss,refuse,the last,used to,reluctant,lack.短语：keep.from,protect.from,prevent.from,let alone,at aloss,in vain,instead of,out of the question,rather t

22、han,too.to,byno means,anything but,.以下列举的词和词组本身就具有否定的含义，因此无需用否定词。如：Women fail to get the equal rights in some countries.在一些国家里妇女没有得到平等的权利。This is by no means the best way to solve the problem ofenergy crisis.这不是解决能源危机的最好的办法。2含有半否定意义的词语：barely,hardly,few,little,rarely,scarcely,seldom,not all,notevery

23、one,not everything。如：We could hardly see any fresh vegetables in winter on marketseveral years ago.几年前在冬天市场上很难见到新鲜蔬菜。These young people know little about how to choose goodbooks to read.这些年轻人几乎不知道如何挑选优秀的书籍来读。3不含否定意义的否定结构有些词和词组形式上是否定结构，但其含义是肯定的，比如：cannot but,cant help,no sooner.than,not.until,in no t

24、ime,none other than,nothing but,.。如：We cant but face the reality.我们只有面对现实。These old buildings will be replaced by modern apartmentbuildings in no time.这些旧建筑将很快为现代化的公寓所代替。4否定结构的倒装语序我们有时为了强调而把否定词和词组放在句首，这时句子应倒装。如：On no account should we follow blindly.我们决不应当盲从。No where has the world ever seen such gre

25、at enthusiasm forlearning as in our country.没有任何其他地方有我国这样高的学习热情。四、含有 it 的结构it 在英语中是个相当活跃的代词，在写作中我们常要使用它。以下几种用法应熟练掌握，并能灵活运用。1作形式主语。如：It is necessary for us to master a foreign language skillfully.熟练掌握一门外语对我们来说很有必要。It makes difference whether we could purify the air or not.我们能否净化空气有很大的不同。2作形式宾语。如：We f

26、ind it rather difficult to prevent people from doing that.我们发现阻止人们那样做相当难。Modern science has made it possible for babies to growhealthily and for people to live longer.现代科技让婴儿健康成长和人民寿命更长成为可能。3引导强调句。如：It is only by this way that we can achieve success.我们就是仅用这种方式获得成功的。It was then that people began to realize the importance ofcontrolling population.就是那时人们开始意识到控制人口的重要性。从语法结构来看，上述句子都不难，或者可以说是考生相当熟悉的。然而在写作考试中，多数考生缺乏运用自己已掌握的句式的意识，而以自己头脑中拼凑的中式英语取而代之。其实，只要能恰当地运用上述的任何一个句式，考生的作文就会出现闪光点，就会取得比较好的成绩。