2014-2015学年高中英语（人教版选修6）同步课件：UNIT1 ART 第四学时.ppt

1、Unit 1Art第四学时 Grammar虚拟语气一、概念虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，常表达与事实相反的情况或假设。如：If he had seen you yesterday，he would have asked you about it.如果他昨天见到你，他会问你这件事的。二、虚拟语气在条件从句中的用法英语的条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，另一类为非真实条件句，即虚拟条件句。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的，就是真实条件句。例如：If it doesnt rain tomorrow，we will go to the park.(如果明天不下雨的话，我们就去公园。)这种真实条

2、件句中的谓语常用真实语气。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。虚拟语气含有现在、过去、将来三个前提。1表示与现在事实相反的假设和结果(从句动词用过去式，be 动词的过去式用“were”，表虚拟，主句动词用would/could/might do)If I were you，I_would_ study harder in Senior 2.我是你的话，我会在高二阶段更努力学习。If my brother were_here，everything would_be all right.要是我哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。即学即练把下列句子翻译成英语。(1)如果他有时间，

3、他就会(可能)和你去。_(2)要是我是你，我就会(可能)对他说实话。_If I were you，I should/would/could/might tell him the truth.2表示与过去事实相反的假设或结果(从句动词用had done，主句动词用 would have done)If you had worked harder，you would/could/might have passed your exams.如果你更努力一点，你就会(可能会)通过考试。If I had_been on the spot，I would/should/could/might have ca

4、lled an ambulance.如果我当时在事故现场，我就会打电话叫救护车。即学即练把下列句子翻译成英语。(1)要是她早来五分钟，她就能赶上早班车了。_(2)如果你昨天在这里，他就能找到你了。_If you were here yesterday，he would have found you.If she had come five minutes earlier，she would have caught the early bus/she would not have failed the early bus.3表示与将来事实相反的假设和结果(从句动词有三种形式：were to do

5、/should do/did，主句动词用 would do)If it_were_sunny tomorrow，I would come to see you.明天要是天气好的话，我来看你。If it should_rain，the crops would be saved.假如下雨，庄稼就一定(有可能)得救。If it were_to_snow this evening，they would not go out.如果今晚下雪，他们将不出去了。即学即练把下列句子翻译成英语。(1)如果你明天能把书还给我，我会非常高兴。_(2)如果他知道了真相，你怎么办呢？_If you were to ret

6、urn the book to me，I would be very glad.If he should know/knew the truth，what would you do?4主、从句的动作发生时间不一致的情况有时条件从句中的动作和主句中的动作发生的时间不一致，这时主句、从句中动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间加以调整。If you had_listened to the doctor，you would_be all right now.如果你当初听了医生的话，身体现在就好了。(从句动作指过去，主句动作指现在)If you had_practised speaking English m

7、ore，you would_be able to speak it fluently.如果你当时多练习讲英语，现在就能讲得很流利了。5虚拟条件句可以转换的形式(1)省略连词if。在书面语中，如果虚拟条件句中有were，had或should，可以把if省略，并把这几个词放到主语之前，构成主谓倒装，如：Were_I you(If I were you)，I would not do it.我要是你，就不做这事。Should_he come(If he should come)，tell him to ring me up.他要是来了，让他给我打个电话。(2)用介词短语代替条件状语从句。Without air(If there were no air)，there would be no living things.如果没有空气的话，就不会有生物了。Without/But_for your help(If it hadnt been for your help)I couldnt have done it.要不是你的帮助，我就不可能完成这件事。