2015-2016学年高一英语人教版必修四课件：UNIT3 4-GRAMMAR .ppt

1、Discovering useful structuresRead the sentences from the text and pay attention to the underlined parts.1.You may find it astonishing that Charlie was taught to sing 2.He grew more and more popular as his charming character,the little tramp,became 3.The acting is so convincing that it makes you beli

2、eve that it is one of the 4.-his subtle acting made everything entertaining.object complementattributepredicativesubject一、动词-ing形式作表语动名词作表语说明主语的内容，而且可以转换到句首作主语；现在分词作表语表示主语的特征、性质和状态，相当于形容词。Our greatest happiness is serving the people.（动名词）Our task is building socialism.（动名词）The film we saw last night

3、 is quite moving.（现在分词）His words are encouraging.（现在分词）二、动词-ing形式作定语动词-ing作定语用来说明该名词的用途，不表示名词本身的动作；现在分词作定语与所修饰的名词具有逻辑上的主谓关系，即现在分词相当于所修饰名词的谓语。We must improve our working method.（动名词）They set up an operating table in a small temple.（动名词）China is a developing country.（现在分词）The student making the experi

4、ment is our monitor.（现在分词）提示：1.动名词短语不能作定语，单个的动名词可以用作定语，但仅作前置定语。working method =method for working2.单个分词和分词短语都可作定语，单个分词一般作前置定语，分词短语则作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。the man visiting Japan=the man who is visiting Japan（2014北京卷）25.Last night,there were millions of people _ the opening ceremony live on TV.A.watch B.to w

5、atch C.watched D.watching【高考衔接】D【答案】D【解析】本句考察的是非谓语动词中的现在分词短语做定语的用法，因为动词watch与前面的名词millions of people构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词做定语。本句中的watching the opening ceremony live on TV相当于定语从句who were watching the opening ceremony live on TV.同时本句只是一个简单句，已经有了一个主谓结构了。句意：昨天晚上有成千上万人在电视里观看了开幕式。故D正确。（2014大纲卷）23.Toady there

6、 are more airplanes _ more people than ever before in the skies.A.carry B.carrying C.carried D.to be carrying B【答案】B【解析】本题查看的是非谓语动词中的分词做定语用法。动词carry与前面的名词airplanes构成逻辑上的主动关系，所以使用现在分词短语carrying more people than ever before在句中做定语。相当于短语从句which carry more people than ever before.句义：现在太空中有更多的能够运载比以前的飞机运载

7、更多的乘客的飞机。故B正确。Laura was away in Paris for over a week.When she got home,there was a pile of mail _ for her.(2013辽宁)A.waited B.to wait C.waiting D.was waiting解析：考查非谓语动词。此题there be句型的主语mail后接后置定语，wait与mail间为主动关系，且wait这个动作正在进行，故选C，现在分词。CRecently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supe

8、rmarkets has caused heated debate among citizens.(2011江苏)A.compared B.comparing C.compares D.being compared解析：compare的动作是survey发出的，现在分词短语做后置定语。故B正确。BJohn has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _ it.(offer)约翰真的已经得到了这份工作，因为他给我展示了给他提供这份工作的公函。解析：提供某物给某人为“offer sb.sth.”，故offer与th

9、e official letter之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词短语作后置定语修饰其前的名词。答案：offering himoffering him三、动词-ing形式作宾补1.动词-ing形式作宾语补足语常放在宾语后面，表示一个正在进行的主动性的动作，强调一个过程或一种状态。When we returned,we found a stranger standing in front of the house.2.当主句转换为被动结构时,原来作宾语补足语的动词-ing形式便转换为主语补足语。They found the film very exciting.=The film is f

10、ound very exciting.3.see,hear,feel,watch等动词之后用-ing形式和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别：We heard the telephone ring.We heard the telephone ringing.前者表示动作正在进行，后者表示（或强调）动作的全过程。能用-ing形式作宾语补足语的几类动词:1)表示感觉和心理状态的动词，常见的有see,hear,feel,smell,find,notice,observe,look at,listen to等。I felt somebody standing behind me.2)表示指使意义的动词，常

11、见的有have,set,keep,get,catch,leave等。Im sorry to have kept you waiting.Leave him sleeping,he works for the whole night.Hearing a scream I rushed downstairs only to see my hostess _ on the floor.(河北衡水中学 2013 届高三第二次模拟考试)A.lain unconscious B.lying unconscious C.laid unconsciously D.lying unconsciously解析：句

12、意：听到叫声我冲到楼下结果 see发现女主人躺在地板上失去了直觉。sb doing 看见某人某在做某事；unconscious 形容词，作状语表示 my hostess 当时所处的状态。故选 B 项。BDavid got well-prepared for the university interview for he couldnt risk the good opportunity _.(江苏省扬州中学 2013 届高三 1 月质量检测)A.to lose B.losing C.to be lost D.being lost解析：句意：戴维为大学面试做了充分准备，因为他不能冒险失去这个好机

13、会。risk 后用动名词形式，机会是被失去，故用被动语态，the good opportunity being lost 是动名词的复合结构做宾语。故选 D 项。D1.The _ boy was last seen _ near the bank of the lake.A.missing;playing B.missing;play C.missed;played D.missed;to play解析：A。missing是形容词，作boy的定语，意思是“失踪的”。was last seen playing表示被看见时正在玩。典型例题A2.Mr.Smith,_ of the _ speech,

14、started to read a novel.A.tired;boring B.tiring;bored C.tired;bored D.tiring;boring解析：A。此题考查现在分词与过去分词的区别。tired,moved,interested,excited等过去分词叙述的是人的本身感受；tiring,moving,interesting,exciting等现在分词叙述的是事物或事情给予人的感受。A3.When we watched the national flag _ in the Olympic Games on TV,we raised a cheer.A.rise B.b

15、eing risen C.raised D.being raised解析：D。本题考查分词作补语，rise是不及物动词，先排除A、B两项，国旗是被人们升起的，应该用分词的被动形式。D4.He was in hospital for six months.He felt as if he was _ from the outside world.A.cut out B.cut off C.cut up D.cut through解析：B。cut out的意思是“切下；删除”，cut off意思是“切断；使(人、城镇)孤立”，cut up的意思是“切碎”，cut through的意思是“穿越”。B

16、5.We sat there,_ with what we listened to.A.satisfying B.to satisfy C.contented D.content解析：D。本题考查动词用法。satisfied表示“感到满意的”，把A、B两项排除；content既是形容词，又是动词，be content with对满足。D6.Why did you go back to the shop?I left my son _ there.A.wait B.to wait C.waiting D.waits解析：C。本题考查分词作补语，leave在这意思是“让处于状态”。C1.She w

17、as offered the _(lead)role in the new film.2.Seeing the sun _(rise)above the surface of the sea,all of us began to take photos.3.As the stone was too heavy to move,I left it _(lie)on the ground.4.Havent you seen the sign,_(read)“NO PHOTOS”?Im really sorry I didnt.5.The comments which he made _(conce

18、rn)marketing bothered his boss greatly.Fill in the blanks with the correct form of each given word.leadingrising lyingreading concerning1.I cant imagine Billy _ a motorbike.2.Did you hear the someone downstairs _ at the door?3.Frank is very good at telling funny jokes.He can be very _.4.You cant sto

19、p me _ what I want.Complete the sentences with a word from the box.astonish,depress,play,do,ride,amuse,knockridingknockingamusingdoing5.You may find it _ that he made progress in such a short time.6.Most people consider it _ that it keeps raining for a whole week.7.When I came out of the theatre,I noticed a group of children _ musical instruments across the street.astonishingdepressingplaying