江西省2012届高三英语二轮专项训练：阅读理解（57）.doc

1、高考资源网（） 您身边的高考专家江西省2012届高三英语二轮专项训练：阅读理解（57）阅读下列短文, 然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。ATobacco was first used by the people of pre-Columbian Americas Native Americans apparently cultivated the plant and smoked it in pipes for medical and ceremonial purposesChristopher Columbus brought a few tobacco leaves

2、 and seeds with him back to Europe, but most Europeans didnt get their first taste of tobacco until the mid-16th century, when adventurers and diplomats like Frances Jean Nicotfor whom nicotine is namedbegan to popularize its use Tobacco was introduced to France in 1556, Portugal in 1558, Spain in 1

3、559, and England in 1565The first successful commercial crop was cultivated in Virginia in 1612 by Englishman John Rolfe Within seven years, it was the colonys largest export Over the next two centuries, the growth of tobacco as a cash crop fueled the demand in North America for slave laborAt first,

4、 tobacco was produced mainly for pipe-smoking, chewing, and snuff Cigars didnt become popular until the early 1800s Cigarettes, which had been around in crude form since the early 1600s, didnt become widely popular in the United States until after the Civil War, with the spread of “Bright” tobacco,

5、a uniquely cured yellow leaf grown in Virginia and North Carolina Cigarette sales surged（急剧上升） again with the introduction of the “White Burley” tobacco leaf and the invention of the first practical cigarette-making machine, sponsored by tobacco baron James Buchanan “Buck” Duke, in the late 1880sThe

6、 negative health effects of tobacco were not initially known; in fact, most early European physicians subscribed to the Native American belief that tobacco can be an effective medicineBy the early 20th century, with the growth in cigarette smoking, articles addressing the health effects of smoking b

7、egan to appear in scientific and medical journals1. What does the underlined word “fueled” in Paragraph 3 mean?A IncreasedB MetC DecreasedD Affected2According to the first paragraph, what did the Native Americans use the tobacco for?A Economic purposesB Medical purposesC Ceremonial purposesD Both B

8、and C3Which of the following is NOT the reason for the popularity of the cigarette?A The first practical invention of cigarette making machineB The breakout of the Civil WarC The introduction of the “White Burley” tobacco leafD Slave labors pouring in4Which of the following statements in Not right a

9、ccording to the passage?A The tobacco was first used by the pre-Columbian American peopleB The tobacco smoking spread very quickly in Europe during the 16the centuryC The growth of tobacco directly led to the increase demand for the slave laborD Cigarette had become widely popular in the United Stat

10、es before the Civil War5What can we infer from the last paragraph?A Smoking has no negative effects to peoples healthB People began to pay more attention to the negative effects of smoking by the early 20th centuryC There are lots of articles promoting the cigarettes sales by the early 20th centuryD

11、 Smoking will be sure to result in cancerBChina began reforming college admissions in 2003 Since that time, in addition to the national college entrance examination reforms, the country has allowed some universities to set their own test papers In this way, they are able to enroll students independe

12、ntly But students have to go to many provinces where the universities are located to sit the examsHowever, things will change soon In 2010, five universitiesShanghai Jiaotong University, University of Science and Technology of China, Xian Jiaotong University, Nanjing University and Tsinghua Universi

13、tywill join hands to make the free university enrollment program easier The five universities joint（联合的）exams will be held at exam sites in most of Chinas provinces and regions This means that most students will just need to take the exams in their home provinceEach candidate（考生）will be able to appl

14、y for two of the five universities If the application fails, a student will then be able to apply to a third university If the application is successful, a student still has to take the national college entrance exam, but he or she will be given extra points in the examThe exam will be made up of wr

15、itten exams and an interview The written exams will have tow sectionsthe “General Exam” and the “Special Exam” In a number of subjects, including Chinese, math, English, natural sciences （for students of science）, and liberal arts（人文）（for liberal arts students） the general exam section will be the s

16、ame In the Special Exam, each university will have its own exam questions Some universities Special Exam sections will take place at the same time as the General Exam, while others will take place together with the interviewIn the joint exams, total points will not be the only criteria for college e

17、ntrance Those who excel in a particular subject will have the opportunity of admission to a top university Yang Yanjie, a senior three student at the Aerospace High School of Zunyi, Guizhou province, thinks the joint exams will benefit students “It will save students time they would otherwise have s

18、pent traveling or preparing for the exam,” Yang said, “It will also allow students to prepare for the exam on the basis of specific features of universities”Students can apply to take the exams in November and December Qualified candidates will take the written exams in January next year The univers

19、ities will publish the details of the joint exams program soon6Compared with the former methods, the new change benefits candidates a lot because _A candidates can apply to take the exam in November and DecemberB candidates can take the exam in their home province, which saves a lotC candidates need

20、nt to take the national college entrance exam any moreD candidates can apply for all the five universities at once7The fourth paragraph mainly tells us _A the “General Exam” and the “Special Exam”B the forms making up the examC which subject liberal arts students neednt prepare forD where and when t

21、he exam is held8The underlined word “excel” in the fifth paragraph most probably means _A to be superiorB to perform badlyC to be commonD to be as good as others9Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A Candidates who fail to apply for two of the five universities are not allowed to

22、 apply for a third universityB All the students who apply to take the exams can take the written examsC Candidates who perform well in a particular subject can also have a chance of admission to a top universityD As a student of science, he has to have a “General Exam” including Chinese, math, Engli

23、sh, natural sciences and liberal arts10Whats the main purpose of this passage?A To introduce a new change in college admissionsB To advertise for the five famous universitiesC To encourage more students to have the normal examD To tell students that they can pass the exam easilyCThe plan: turn Mars

24、into a blue world with streams and green fields, and then fill it with creatures from the earth This idea may sound like something from a science fiction, but it is actually being taken seriously by many researchers This suggests the future for the “red planet” will be the main topic for discussion

25、at an international conference hosted by NASA this week Leading researchers as well as science fiction writers will attend the event It comes as NASA（美国宇航局） is preparing a multi-billion-dollar Mars research program “Turning Mars into a little earth has long been a topic in science fiction,” said Dr

26、Michael Meyer, NASAs senior scientist “Now, with scientists exploring the reality, we can ask what are the real possibilities of changing Mars”Most scientists agree that Mars could be turned into a little earth, although much time and money would be needed to achieve this goal But many experts are s

27、hocked by the idea“We are destroying our own world at an unbelievable speed and now we are talking about ruining another planet,” said Paul Murdin from the Institute of Astronomy, Cambridge, UKOver the past months, scientists have become increasingly confident they will find Martian life forms Europ

28、e and Americas robot explorers have found the proof that water, mixed with soil, exists in large amounts on the planetIn addition, two different groups of scientists announced on March 28 that they had found signs of methane（甲烷） in the Martian atmosphere, the gas is a waste product of living creatur

29、es and could be produced by microbes（微生物）living in the red planets soil But scientists such as Dr Lisa Pratt, a biologist at Indiana University, say that these microbes will be put in danger by the little earth project “Before we have even discovered if there is life on Mars, we are talking about ca

30、rrying out projects that would destroy all these native life forms, all the strange microbes that we hope to find buried in the soil,” said Dr PrattMonica Grady, a planetary scientist at the Natural History Museum, London, shares this view “We cannot risk starting a global experiment that would wipe

31、 out the precious information we are looking for,” she said “This is just wrong”11. According to the passage, besides scientists, _ are also interested in the future of MarsA the publicB science fiction writersC the governments of many countriesD news reporters12The signs of methane in the Martian a

32、tmosphere greatly support the view that _ on MarsA microbes may existB aliens may existC water existsD soil exists13Those who are against the plan are worried that it will _A turn Mars into a little earthB bring destruction to the planet just as what has happened on the earthC not to carried outD co

33、st too much time and money14According to Monica Grady, the plan to change Mars _A should be carried out as soon as possible B should be stoppedC may destroy all those native lifeforms before human beings have found if there is life on MarsD could be a waste of time and money15Which of the headlines

34、is the fittest for the passage?A Mars programa Discussion PlanB Mars ProgramEach Scientist Has His own ViewC Mars Program Rising Before UsD Mars Program Challenge to MankindDCompanies often give work to an outside business that can do the job for less money than their own employees could This is cal

35、led outsourcing Outsourcing has become a political issue in the campaign for the American presidential election in November Many companies in the United States have been moving jobs to countries where costs are much lower Factory production jobs have moved away for years But the jobs now also involv

36、e computer programming and other skills based on knowledge Labor groups and workers are angry They point to reports that say the United States has lost two-and-a-half million jobs since 2001 Most were jobs in manufacturing Some states have lost more jobs than others But no one seems to know for sure

37、 how many jobs left the country There was a recession Jobs were cut Yet, so far, the economic recovery has produced fewer jobs than expected So outsourcing has created an emotional debate Lou Dobbs has a business news program on CNN television He keeps a list of companies that have sent jobs to fore

38、ign countries Almost every night, Mister Dobbs talks about what he calls the exporting of America Gregory Mankiw man-CUE is the chairman of the Council of Economic Advisers to President Bush Recently Mister Mankiw said outsourcing is probably good for the economy in the long term He said it makes se

39、nse to import goods or services produced at lower cost He called it just a new way of doing international trade Most economists would probably agree But Democrats and Republicans criticized Mister Mankiw He later apologized for having appeared to praise the loss of United States jobs Criticism of ou

40、tsourcing has led some people to condemn free trade They argue that if jobs are lost to foreign countries, then America should seek protective measures The director general of the World Trade Organization does not see it that way Supachai Panitchpakdi says one-third of all economic growth in the Uni

41、ted States since 1990 resulted from international trade Mister Supachai says training and education can create new opportunities for workers He says exports have helped create five-million new jobs in America in the last ten years He says those jobs pay ten-percent above the average 16Why does Ameri

42、ca move their jobs to some other countries?A American workers cant do the jobB American employers want to save the costC Workers in other countries are more experienced D America wants to help other countries17What is the subject talked about in the passage?A American OutsourcingB The Coming America

43、n ElectionC American International TradeD American Economic Growth18According to the passage, we know that most economists think _A outsourcing should be stoppedB American election has nothing to do with outsourcing C it will be good to move jobs outside in the long runD it doesnt make any sense to

44、do international trade19What does the underlined word “condemn” （in Paragraph 8） mean?A PraiseB SupportC CriticizeD Doubt20According to Mister Supachai, what can America do to create more job opportunities?A To stop outsourcingB To carry out training and education for the workersC To increase more money in the field of manufacturingD To stop international tradeADDDBBBACABABCBBACCB高考资源网独家精品资源，欢迎下载！高考资源网Ks5uK&S%5#UKs5uKs%U高考资源网高考资源网高考资源网 高考资源网版权所有，侵权必究！