人教新课标高中英语2020-2021学年上学期高二寒假作业6 必修五&选修六 WORD版含答案.docx

1、作业5Global Warming&The Power of Nature一、 单词拼写1. An earthquake has hit the capital, causing damage to buildings and p among the population.2. These statistics display a definite (趋势). 3. I a refuse to get married.4. Its large compared to the other, smaller Spanish (平房) rooms.5. Martha would c nearly a

2、 pound of cheese per day.6. Public worries about accidents are threatening the very (存在) of the nuclear power industry.7. The v erupted last year killing about 600 people.8. The key to success as a romantic (小说家) is absolute belief in your story.9. Located off-centre in the irregularly shaped lake w

3、as a f .10. We are aware of the (潜在的) problems and have taken every precaution.二、用适当的短语完成句子1. The organization devotes itself to the peace of the world, and it _(反对) war strongly.2. If you _(订阅) the newspaper, itll be beneficial to your English study.3. I wonder how it _(发生) that she was half an hou

4、r late for such an important exam.4. The problems you discussed in the history class are political _(而不是) social matters.5. He _(热衷于) helping others no matter what situation he is in.6. She _(前往) to the other side of the road when the traffic light turned green.7. Please come nearer, sir, and _(细看)

5、at the rings.8. The church _(在附近) the school where she takes up teaching.三、翻译句子1.高中学生非常繁忙，即使有户外体育活动的兴趣也没有时间去参加。（even if）Senior high school students are so busy that they have no time for outdoor sports activities, _ .与太阳相比，地球非常小。（省略句；compare）_ the sun, the earth is rather small.3.毫无疑问，地球的温度在逐年上升。（do

6、ubt）_ the temperature of the earth is increasing year by year.4.我正要出去，这时听到外面一声巨响。（be about to do.when.）I _ I heard a loud noise outside.5.收集和评估这些信息后，我就帮助其他科学家一起预测火山熔岩接着将往何处流动。（现在分词短语作状语）_, I help other scientists to predict where the lava from the volcano will flow next.四、 阅读理解AScientists have long

7、suspected that global warming can cause extreme weather events like terribly hot weather and pouring downpours. Now experts have numbers to support that idea.The burning of fossil fuels has been leading to a build-up of carbon dioxide in the Earths atmosphere. This CO2 is a greenhouse gas. That mean

8、s it can trap heal in the air. As a result, our planets temperature has been rising. And this global warming will account for a growing share of ever more frequent extreme weather events.Many governments hope to limit global warming to 2 degrees Celsius above temperatures that were typical before th

9、e Industrial Revolution. It will be hard for nations to achieve that. But even if they do, global warming still will be responsible for nearly all heat extremes. Global warming will also be to blame for about 2 out of every 5 extreme rains and snowfalls. “This is a considerable fraction(分数) of major

10、 weather events,” says climate scientist Peter Stott.So far, the Earth has warmed about 0.85 degree Celsius since 1750. Thats about when the Industrial Revolution got its start. Thats also when fossil fuel use took off, spewing(喷出) lots of CO2 into the air. “Overall，the new study shows that relative

11、ly small rises in the global temperature translate into large increases in the likelihood of extremes,” Stott says.Erich Fischer and Reto Knutti analyzed 25 different computer models of global climate. These analyses looked at different climate periods, from preindustrial times to the present. The a

12、nalyses also predicted what weather events were likely to be like in the future. This period was predicted to be warmer by 2 and 3 degrees Celsius.The computer looked at when extreme heat and precipitation(降水量) occurred during each climate period. It focused on events of unusual heat or heavy precip

13、itation. Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1,000 days.“But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare. These new findings provide a global statement,” Fischer says. “You can still get the biggest heat th

14、at you have ever seen without any human changes.”1. The second paragraph is mainly about _.A. what damage global warming causedB. how global warming came into beingC. where global warming is becoming seriousD. why fossil fuels have to be forbidden2. What Peter said in Para. 3 suggests that _.A. it i

15、s reasonable for climate change to happenB. there is no serious effect of global warming nowC. the influence of global warming is greatD. the extreme weather happens in small numbers3. In the future, the temperature may rise at least by _ degrees Celsius.A. 2.5B. 3C. 4D. 24. According to the passage

16、, extreme weather _.A. will happen more often than beforeB. happens once in every 1,000 daysC. strikes every region without differencesD. becomes a rare phenomenon across the planetBGoing green seems to be a fad(时尚) for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we cant really say, but

17、 for the two of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.On April 22, 2011, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond the easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our ener

18、gy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.With the idea of going green every single day for a year, Our Green Year started. My wife and I decided to educate people about how they could go green in their lives and hoped we could show people all the green things

19、 that could be done to help the environment. We wanted to push the message that every little bit helps.Over the course of Our Green Year, we completely changed our lifestyles. We now shop at organic(有机的) stores. We consume less meat, choosing green food. We have greatly reduced our buying we dont ne

20、ed. We have given away half of what we owned through websites. Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners. We make our own butter, enjoying the smell of home made fresh bread. In our home office anyone caught doing something ungreen might be punished.Our minds have

21、been changed by Our Green Year. We are grateful for the chance to have been able to go green and educate others. We believe that we do have the power to change things and help our planet.5. What might be the best title for the passage?A. Going GreenB. Protecting the PlanetC. Keeping Open-MindedD. Ce

22、lebrating Our Green Year6. It was difficult for the couple to live a green life for the whole year because _.A. they were expected to follow the green fadB. they didnt know how to educate other peopleC. they were unwilling to reduce their energyD. they needed to perform unusual green tasks7. What di

23、d the couple do over the course of Our Green Year?A. They tried to get out of their ungreen habits.B. They ignored others ungreen behavior.C. They chose better chemical cleaners.D. They sold their home-made food.8. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. The government will give support to the

24、green project.B. The couple may continue their project in the future.C. Some people disagree with the couples green ideas.D. Our Green Year is becoming a national campaign.五、七选五Natural disasters come without warning, and this underlines the need for disaster management. Natural disasters may cause d

25、eath or damage crops and properties without warning. Emergency management can reduce the damage and save more lives than if there are no systems set up for disaster security(安全).There are steps to take when you plan for a natural disaster. Heres a list of some of them:1. Ask your local Red Cross cha

26、pter or emergency management office for reminders of disasters and emergency management steps. 1 You may also request a list of emergency steps that should be done in each type of disaster.2. Each community has its own set of emergency signals. 2 Knowing what to do at once gives you a head start in

27、any emergency.3. 3 Include discussions on what is likely to happen and what should be done in such cases. Plan how each one of you will react and what are the responsibilities of each one, in order to be able to work as a team.4. Set a meeting place in case of a natural disaster. It should be one wi

28、thin the vicinity(附近) of your workplace or home, and one outside your immediate vicinity. 4 Agree on an emergency telephone that everyone should try to call.5. Prepare a disaster supply toolbox. Stock it with first aid supplies. 5 Prepare emergency lights like flashlights with batteries. Include a b

29、attery-powered radio in the kit so you can listen to updates.A. Find out what they sound like and what they mean.B. Discuss the dangers of different types of natural disasters.C. Try to understand why these signals sound unfamiliar to you.D. Everyone should try to reach it when a natural disaster ha

30、ppens.E. Prepare some water and food that should be enough for three days.F. Find out any disaster management plan that your community has.G. This is also the best time to ask what kind of disasters may likely take place.一、单词拼写【答案】1. panic2. trend3. absolutely4. bungalow5. consume6. existence7. volc

31、ano8. novelist9. fountain10.potential二、用适当的短语完成句子【答案】1. is opposed to2. subscribe to3. came about4. rather than5. is enthusiastic about6. made her way7. have a closer look8. is close to【解析】句意：这个组织致力于世界和平，强烈反对战争。表示“反对”用be opposed to。根据前句时态可知，该句应用一般现在时。故填is opposed to。2.句意：如果订阅这份报纸，对你学习英语会有好处。If条件句用一般

32、现在时表将来，故该空应填subscribe to。3.句意：这么重要的考试她迟到了半个小时，我想知道这是怎么发生的。根据“she was late”可知她迟到这件事发生在过去，故该空用一般过去时态，填came about。4.句意：你们在历史课上讨论的这些问题是政治问题而不是社会问题。表示“而不是”，应用rather than。5.句意：无论在什么情况下，他都乐于助人。句子用一般现在时态，be enthusiastic about：对充满热情，故答案为is enthusiastic about。6.句意：当红灯变绿灯时，她向马路对面走去。句子用一般过去时态，make ones way：一路向前

33、，前进，故答案为made her way。7.句意：先生，请走近一点，仔细看看那些戒指。have a closer look：仔细看，故答案为have a closer look。8.句意：教堂离她教书的学校很近。be close to：在附近，靠近，故答案为is close to。三、翻译句子【答案】1. even if they have the interest2. When compared with3. There is no doubt that4. was about to go out when5. Having collected and evaluated the info

34、rmation【解析】1.考查even if的用法。even if=even though，意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。另外，根据主句可知，该从句应用一般现在时态。故填even if they have the interest。2.考查省略句。此处补充完整为：When the earth is compared with the sun。根据主从句主语一致，从句谓语动词含有be，可将从句的主语和be动词一起省略这个原则，从句省略后为When compared with the sun。故填When compared with。3.考查固定句型。There is no doubt that

35、.“毫无疑问”，其中，that引导同位语从句。故填There is no doubt that。4.考查固定句式。be about to do sth. when.：正要做某事这时。结合所给汉语可知答案为was about to go out when。5.考查现在分词短语作状语。分词短语在句中作时间状语时，相当于一个时间状语从句。当分词所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前时，用分词的现在完成式，此时分词的逻辑主语须是句子的主语。结合所给汉语可知答案为Having collected and evaluated the information。四、阅读理解A【答案】1-4 BCDA【解析

36、】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了全球变暖形成的原因及其对极端天气的具体影响。1.主旨大意题。根据第二段“As a result, our planets temperature has been rising.”可知上文是全球变暖的过程，故这一段主要描写了全球变暖是如何形成的，故选B。2.推理判断题。根据第三段中“This is a considerable fraction of major weather events”可知，Peter认为占比非常大，说明了全球变暖的影响是巨大的。故选C。3.细节理解题。结合倒数第三段最后一句“This period was predicted to be wa

37、rmer by 2 and 3 degrees Celsius.”可知，未来的温度至少会上升两度。故选D。4.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Before the Industrial Revolution, such extremes typically would have occurred only once in every 1,000 days.”和最后一段的第一句话“But since the globe has been warming, such extremes are no longer nearly as rare.”可知，未来这种极端的天气会频繁发生。故选A。B【答案】

38、5-8 ADAB【解析】本文为记叙文。2011年4月22日，作者夫妻二人决定每天都追求一种绿色的生活方式，并且要坚持一整年。这意味着要做365件“绿色的”事情，这对作者一家来说是个挑战。最后，“绿色之年”改变了作者的思维，作者很感激有这个机会，也坚信确实有能力保护我们的地球。5.主旨大意题。概括文章大意可知，文章主要介绍了作者夫妻二人追求绿色生活方式的行为。在本文中going green为关键词，可概括文章主旨。6.推理判断题。根据第二段的最后两句可知，整整一年都要过绿色的生活，不是件容易的事情，因为这不仅意味着要做365件不同的“绿色的”事情，还意味着除了一些简单的事情，我们还要不断地挑战自

39、己，追求环保。这些都是不寻常的（unusual）环保任务，D项与之意思一致。7.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段可知，在这一年里，作者一家完全改变了生活方式，追求环保、绿色，否则就要接受惩罚，所以A项正确。B顶：他们无视他人不环保与第二段最后一句矛盾；C项：他们选择更好的化学清洁剂，与倒数第二段的“Our home is kept clean by vinegar and lemon juice, with no chemical cleaners.”表达意思不一致；D项：他们卖家庭自制食品与倒数第二段的倒数第二句不一致。8.推理判断题。最后一段指出，“我们”的思维已经发生了变化，坚信自己有能力改变

40、一些事情，保护赖以生存的地球。由此可知，作者一家会继续自己的这种绿色生活方式。故B项正确。五、七选五【答案】1-5 GABDE【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了当你计划应对自然灾害时，要采取的步骤。1.设空在段中，应起到承前启后的作用。根据空格前文内容“Ask your local Red Cross chapter or emergency management office for reminders of disasters and emergency management steps.”（向当地红十字会或应急管理办公室询问灾害提醒和应急管理措施。）可知，段中提及向红十字会询问灾害提

41、醒和应急管理措施，且后文已经提及emergency steps，因此设空句需要涉及灾害提醒。G选项（这也是询问可能发生何种灾难的最佳时机。）符合语境需求。故选G项。2根据空格前句“Each community has its own set of emergency signals.”（每个社区都有自己的一套紧急信号。）可知，本段主要讲述要对社区的紧急信号有所了解。A选项（明白它们听起来像什么，分别是什么意思。）为了解紧急信号的方式，符合本段主旨。故选A项。3.根据空格后一句“Include discussions on what is likely to happen and what sh

42、ould be done in such cases.”（包括讨论在这种情况下可能会发生什么以及应该做什么。）可知，设空句应提及关键词discuss。B选项（讨论不同类型的自然灾害存在的危险。）符合语境，且对应关键词discuss。故选B项。4.根据空格前句“It should be one within the vicinity of your workplace or home”（它应该在你的单位附近或家附近）可知，设空句应是进一步解释为何选择这样的地点作为集合场。D选项（当自然灾害发生时，每个人都应该能设法到达。）为合理解释，符合句意。故选D项。5.根据主题句“Prepare a disaster supply toolbox.”（准备一个应急工具箱。）可知，在准备灾难应急箱时，水和食物应是必需品。E选项（准备一些足够支撑三天的水和食物。）符合语境，贴合主旨。故选E项。