2023版新教材高中英语 Unit 4 Natural Disasters 课时作业（一）Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking 新人教版必修第一册.docx

1、课时作业(一)Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking必备知识基础练进阶训练第一层.单词拼写1Unfortunately, one dead child was found in the _ (废墟) almost two hours after the explosion.2Upon landing on the airport, the family heard the _ (令人震惊的) news.3They use only onequarter of the _ (电) to give off the same light.4As a

2、 popular sport, playing basketball can make it easier for people to _ (统一).5Many people are making efforts to _ (复兴) Chinese opera.单句语法填空1When they returned to Rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood _ ruins.2The nurse takes care of the patient as if he _ (be) her father.3Her refusal to

3、 do the job left me _ (shock). Therefore I was speechless.4Most of the major cities of the world suffer _ traffic jams.5It seemed that he had great difficulty _ (breath) after about twentyfive minutes jogging.6The family as well as their dog _ (trap) on the roof by the flood.7Hard as he tried, all h

4、is _ (effort) to get that job ended up with failure.8The little girl was sitting with her head _ (bury) in an interesting book.9Be careful! Anyone _ (touch) that wire will get an eclectic shock.10The heavy rain didnt do much damage _ the crops.课文语法填空Strange things were happening in the countryside o

5、f northeastern Hebei. The water in the village wells rose and fell. 1._ (chick) and pigs were too nervous to eat. Bright lights were seen in the sky and loud noises 2._ (hear).At 3：42 am, everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world were coming to 3._ end! A large city lay 4._ ruins in less

6、than one minute. The earthquake caused great damage to the city. People were in shock. Water, food, and electricity were hard 5._ (get).Soon 6._ the quake, soldiers were sent to the city to dig out those 7._ were trapped and to bury the dead. More than 10，000 doctors and nurses came to provide medic

7、al care. 8._ (slow) the city began to 9._ (breath)again.With strong support of the government and the tireless efforts of the citys people, a new Tangshan was built. And up to now the city 10._ (become) a home to more than seven billion people.关键能力综合练进阶训练第二层.阅读理解AA powerful earthquake struck the nor

8、theastern coast of Japan at two fortysix pm. local time on March eleventh 2011. Japans Meteorological Agency released its first tsunami warnings just three minutes later. The country has one of the best earthquake early warning systems in the world.There are more than four thousand Seismic Intensity

9、 Meters (地震烈度测量仪) in place throughout Japan to measure earthquake activity. These meters provide information within two minutes of an earthquake happening. Information about the strength and the center of the earthquake can be learned within three minutes.There are also concrete (混凝土) sea walls arou

10、nd much of the Japanese coastline. But these measures proved no match for the powerful earthquake and tsunami.Costas Synolakis, a tsunami expert at the University of Southern California said，“Japan is one of those most wellprepared countries on earth in terms of tsunami warning. They had a warning.

11、I think what went wrong is that they had not expected the size of this event.”He says there are two reasons for this. Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last one hundred fifty years. And scientists had not expected such a large earthquake happening off the coast of J

12、apan.The nine point zero magnitude earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide. It was also the worst earthquake ever to hit Japan. The tsunami waves that followed were reported to have reached as high as thirteen meters in some areas.Costas Synolakis says Japans concr

13、ete sea walls were not built to handle such high waves.1Where can this passage probably be adapted from?AA newspaper.BA fairy Tale.CA sports website.DAn entertainment magazine.2Which of the following statements is NOT true ?AA terrible earthquake hit the northeastern coast of Japan.B.The powerful ea

14、rthquake was also the worst one in Japan.CThe 9.0 earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded in Japan.DJapans concrete sea walls were unable to handle such high waves.3Why did Japan suffer such a loss?AThe country has never experienced any event as big as this one.BJapan has th

15、e best earthquake early warning systems.C.There are not enough concrete sea walls around the Japanese coastline.DThe government didnt announce its first tsunami warnings three minutes earlier.BOn Saturday 24 August 1918, it was raining cats and dogs and thundering over a city called Sunderland on th

16、e northeast coast of England. The storm lasted for only about ten minutes. People were shocked to see that it was not just rainwater falling from the sky. There were fish falling down, too! People came out to find out what was happening in the open air. They could not believe their own eyes. There w

17、ere thousands of fishsand eels (沙鳗)lying on the ground. They were about seven centimeters long, and all were frozen solid.Sand eels swim together in large groups, often in sandy water, and are often found in large numbers in the North Sea, which reaches out to the east of Sunderland. How was it poss

18、ible for these sand eels to be swept into the sky and land on Sunderland?Scientists believed the heavy thunderstorm that afternoon may have caused a waterspout. Waterspouts (水龙卷) can be formed when tornados, hurricanes or strong winds move quickly in a circle over water. They are so powerful; anythi

19、ng less than one meter in length can be trapped and taken into them and forced into the clouds. The clouds carry whatever has been taken into them for long distancessometimes over 150 kilometers. Its very cold up there and everything soon freezes solid.For hundreds of years there have been reports o

20、f small animals being taken into the sky through waterspouts. In 2009, dead tadpoles rained down on the city of Nanao in Japan. In 2012, fifty kilos of prawns fell from the sky over Sri Lanka. In 2017, fish fell on the coastal city of Tampico In Mexico.It must be a very shocking experience to see fi

21、sh raining down on you. It would probably hurt if one fell on your head! With climate change, global warming and many reports of terrible natural disasters, will the time ever come when it may really begin to rain cats and dogs?4What was the rain like on 24 August 1918?AIt was very heavy.BIt fell ar

22、ound England.CIt lasted quite a long time.DIt caused many human deaths.5What do we know about the sand eels that landed on Sunderland?AThey were few in number.BThey came in different sizes.CThey were still alive when landing.DThey probably came from the North Sea.6What does the underlined word “them

23、” in paragraph 3 refer to?AClouds. BWaterspouts.CStrong winds. DThe waters of the sea.7In the end, what does the author probably care most about?AOur health. BOur environment.CThe wild animals. DThe news reports.阅读七选五2022河北唐山遵化期中Earthquakes can strike without warning. But many injuries and deaths fr

24、om this kind of natural disaster can be prevented if people follow these safety tips.If youre inside a building, stay there! One of the most dangerous things to do in an earthquake is to try to leave a building. But do remember: do it carefully. _1_ So do it as follows: Drop to the ground. Get under

25、 an object that is not easily damaged. Hold on to it until the shaking stops. You can also get to a corner formed by two walls with your arms over your hand. If youre in bed when the quake hits, stay there and protect your head with a pillow._2_ You can go to the park, playground or fields near your

26、 house. Dont take shelter under a tree, streetlights, electric poles or tall buildings. If you are driving, stop as quickly as possible and stay away from overpasses, buildings, bridges or anything else that might fall or collapse beneath you. _3_If you are trapped in ruins, cover your mouth with a

27、handkerchief or a piece of cloth. Use your cell phone to call for help if possible. Dont shout. _4_ Tap (敲) on a pipe or the wall so rescuers can find you.Be prepared for aftershocks. _5_ However, sometimes they even happen months later. Therefore, if you are not in a safe position after the first s

28、hock, you should move quickly but carefully to a safer place.ADont move about or kick up dust.BIf youre outside, go to an open space.CShouting can cause you to breathe in dust.DDont park your car under a tree or any tall object.E.Take a good hold of your cell phone in the building.F.They can happen

29、in the first hours after the earthquake.GMost injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.语法填空A serious flood 1._ (strike) Colombo, Sir Lanka in May, damaging many buildings and 2._ (leave)many houses seriously destroyed. The local officials said that at least 82 persons were killed a

30、nd about 500，000 3._ (affect). Among the dead was a 9yearold girl killed after 4._ (trap) under a collapsed wall at her school. The government was investigating (评估) the exact damage and trying the best to provide safety 5._ the people in the affected area.Meanwhile, the local TV station showed dama

31、ged walls, broken 6._ (window)and streets washed away by the flood through the area. Tens of thousands of people were in great need of food and clean 7._ (drink)water.8_ (fortunate), Rescue efforts immediately began. Shelters were set 9._ by the soldiers and volunteers. Food was continuing to 10._ (

32、deliver)to the flooded area.课时作业(一)Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking必备知识基础练.1ruins2.shocking3.electricity4.unify5.revive.1in2.were3.shocked4.from5.breathing6.were trapped7.efforts8.buried9.touching10.to.1Chickens2.were heard3.an4.in5.to get6.after7.who8.Slowly9.breathe10.has become关键能力综合

33、练.A【语篇解读】本文是说明文，介绍了日本出现的地震引起的海啸对日本产生的巨大破坏以及日本对于地震的预防等方面的信息。1答案与解析：A文章出处题。本文属于新闻报道，介绍了日本出现的地震引起的海啸对日本产生的巨大破坏以及日本对于地震的预防等方面的信息，故最可能是出自报纸。2答案与解析：C细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段中“The nine point zero magnitude earthquake was the fourth most powerful earthquake ever recorded worldwide.”可知，9.0级地震是全世界范围里第四大地震，而不是日本。故C项说法错

34、误。3答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据文章倒数第三段中“Japan has not had any event anywhere near as big as this one in the last one hundred fifty years.”可知，破坏性如此之大是因为日本人没有预料到有如此严重的地震会袭击日本。故A项正确。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种名为“水龙卷”的自然现象。这种“水龙卷”会将任何长度小于一米的物质带到很远的地方，有时甚至会超过150公里。4答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第一段首句“On Saturday 24 August 1918. on the

35、northeast coast of England.”可知，1918年8月24日，桑德兰市的雨下得很大。rain cats and dogs 倾盆大雨。5答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Sand eels swim together in large groups.which reaches out to the east of Sunderland.”可知，沙鳗成群游动，通常生活在沙质水域中，在延伸至桑德兰东部的北海经常大量发现沙鳗。6答案与解析：B代词指代题。根据画线词上文“Scientists believed the heavy thunderstorm . in a ci

36、rcle over water.”可知，本段介绍的是“水龙卷”是如何形成的；再根据“They are so powerful.and forced into the clouds.”可知，水龙卷非常强大，长度小于一米的任何物体都可能被捕获，并被卷入云中。由此可推断，them指代的是“waterspouts”。7答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据最后一段末句“With climate change.when it may really begin to rain cats and dogs？”可知，作者提到了气候变化、全球变暖和许多可怕的自然灾害，从而担心，真的有一天会下起倾盆大雨吗？由此可推断，作

37、者最关心的可能是我们的环境。.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了为了预防像地震这样的自然灾害所造成的伤害和死亡，人们应该了解一些安全常识。1答案与解析：G根据上文“If youre inside a building. leave a building.”并结合G项“Most injuries happen when people inside buildings try to go out.”可知，大多数受伤事件都发生在建筑物内的人试图向外逃的时候，其中的injuries、inside buildings和try to go out这些也是关键词。2答案与解析：B设空句为段首句。根据下

38、文可知，本段告诉读者你可以去公园、操场或你家附近的田野，不要在树、路灯、电杆和高楼下躲避。如果你在开车，要尽快停车，远离立交桥、大楼、桥或其他任何可能在你面前坠落或倒塌的物体。所以B项“如果你在外面，要去一个开阔的地方”符合语境。3答案与解析：D设空句前有Dont.句型。且设空句为段尾句，总结上文。上文提到如果你在开车，要尽快停车，远离立交桥、大楼、桥和其他任何可能在你面前坠落或倒塌的物体。选项D也是Dont.句型，意为“不要把车停在大树或任何高的物体下面”，符合语境。4答案与解析：C设空句前有shout，C项中也含有关键词shouting，属于词汇复现，故选项C“大声呼喊会使你吸入灰尘”符合题意。5答案与解析：F段首的“为余震做好准备”是本段的主题句。选项F“余震在地震后的最初几小时里就有可能发生”是对主题句的说明，且能和设空句的下一句构成转折关系。.1struck2.leaving3.affected4.being trapped5.for6windows7.drinking8.Fortunately9.up10be delivered