2022届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 3 人与环境、人与动植物练习（含解析）新人教版选修7.doc

1、人与环境、人与动植物一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)roughbeach wave bay channel sand island harbour seashore coast action environmentally dolphin disappear habitat decrease existence severely survival protect (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)rough， wave， bay， channel， island， seashore， dolphin， habitat， harbour

2、， action1He liked to look for shells on the seashore. 2The pandas natural habitat is the bamboo forest.3A dolphin is a mammal which lives in the sea and looks like a large fish with a pointed mouth.4Living just a few blocks from the beach, Natalie can see the ocean and hear the wave from her house.5

3、An island is a piece of land that is completely surrounded by water.6The Channel Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe. 7A bay is a part of a coast where the land curves inward. 8His manners are rough, but he is a kind man at heart. .用所给词的适当形式填空1Many wild animals are battling for their existe

4、nce (exist)2Two people have been severely (severe) injured in the accident.3The life is a great puzzle and the survival (survive) is a greatest mystery! 4What can we do to protect the Milu Deer from disappearing (disappear) again?5Since 1945, the air forces have decreased (decrease) in size.6Such a

5、diet is widely believed to offer protection (protect) against a number of cancers.7. We should do our best to help put this environmentally(environment)friendly plan into operation. 8. We need more time to see how things develop before we take action (act)二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are an integ

6、ral part of sea life and sustain it by providing shelter and habitat to various organisms. They also supply and recycle nutrients as well as enable a growing fish population, along with other species, for a healthy and diverse ecosystem. However, the rise in average water temperatures due to climate

7、 change has resulted in more frequent and longtime “coral bleaching (珊瑚白化)” events that damage their health, causing fish and other sea species to abandon them.In order to restore this delicate ecosystem, scientists from the U. K. and Australia conducted a study that involved using loudspeakers unde

8、rwater near damaged coral reefs to make them sound healthy and attract fish, potentially kickstarting the natural recovery process of coral reefs and their dependent life forms. The location for this experiment was the Great Barrier Reef in the Coral Sea, found alongside the east coast of Queensland

9、, Australia. The site is noted to have the largest coral reef system in the world.“Healthy coral reefs are remarkably noisy places the crackle of snapping shrimp and the whoops and grunts of fish. Young fish concentrate on these sounds when theyre looking for a place to settle，” said Steve Simpson,

10、study coauthor and a professor at the University of Exeter, U. K.By using loudspeakers to copy such sounds, parts of dead coral reefs were found to attract twice as many fish, compared to places where no sounds were played. “These returning fish are crucial for coral reefs to function as healthy eco

11、systems. Boosting fish population in this way could help to kickstart natural recovery processes, preventing the damage were seeing on many coral reefs around the world，” said lead author, Tim Gordon.语篇解读：由于海水温度的上升，深海珊瑚的生态遭到破坏。科学家通过实验研究发现，在珊瑚礁旁边放置扬声器以吸引海洋生物对于恢复珊瑚的生态卓有成效。1What causes the phenomenon o

12、f coral bleaching?ADiverse species.BNoise pollution.CFishing industry. DClimbing temperatures.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，是气候变化所引起的海水温度的上升导致了这种白化现象。故选D项。2What approach is introduced to recover the coral reefs?ARemoving damaged coral reefs.BUsing loudspeakers to keep fish away.CBuilding new homes for sea s

13、pecies.DPlaying certain sounds to attract fish.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，为恢复珊瑚生态，科学家在遭破坏的珊瑚附近放置扬声器，以吸引鱼类。即通过播放声音来吸引鱼类。故选D项。3Why are Steve Simpsons words quoted?ATo provide some findings of the study.BTo show the progress of the experiment.CTo explain reasons for the new approach.DTo give another solutio

14、n to the problem.解析：选C细节理解题。根据前两段内容可知，鱼儿会离开不健康的、遭到破坏的珊瑚。为了吸引鱼类，科学家们在这些珊瑚附近放置扬声器。再结合第三段第一句可知，健康的珊瑚礁是非常热闹的地方，各种海洋生物很多。由此可推知，此处引用这位教授的话是为了解释在受损珊瑚礁旁边放置扬声器这一新方法的原因。故选C项。4What can we infer from the last paragraph?AThe attempts are in vain.BNatural recovery is impossible.CInitial success has been achieved.

15、DThe coral reefs have returned to normal.解析：选C推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句可知，通过用扬声器复制一些声音，部分死亡的珊瑚礁吸引了更多的鱼类，由此可推知，珊瑚生态保护已经初见成效。故选C项。.语法填空Pollution takes away all the beauty of the beaches of Hawaii. I hate to go to the beaches on 1 (sun) weekends and see rubbish bags lying on the sand, cigarette butts (烟头) 2 (bur

16、y) in the sand, and soda cans floating in the ocean.One thing that really annoys me is that I see 3 (tour) who visit Hawaii leave their rubbish on the beaches. I was always taught after drinking soda to throw the can into the place 4 it should stay the trash can. Another thing that annoys me is that

17、 some people walk right by rubbish 5 pretend that its not there.The dogs or the fish are not to blame 6 it. Its our fault and we must blame 7 (we). Everyone has to do his or her part 8 (solve) this problem. It cant be difficult to do the job. There are a lot of things that we can do. First of all, w

18、e can help pick up rubbish along the beaches. We could also form organizations that help clean up our beaches. More 9 (important), we need to start now before the beaches 10 (damage) beyond repair.语篇解读：本文主要讨论了海滩污染的问题。1sunny考查形容词。修饰名词一般用形容词，故用形容词sunny修饰其后的名词weekends。2buried考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，bury和其逻辑主语

19、cigarette butts构成动宾关系，故用其过去分词形式作宾语补足语。3tourists考查名词。结合定语从句的关系词who可知，此处的先行词为表示人的名词，且定语从句中的谓语动词为复数，故用名词复数形式。4where考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，在从句中作地点状语，修饰先行词the place，故填where。5but考查连词。根据语境可知，空处前后存在逻辑上的转折关系，故用连词but。6for考查介词。此处考查固定词组be to blame for sth.“对某事负有责任”，故用介词for。7ourselves考查代词。与句子主语we呼应，此处应用反身代词our

20、selves作动词blame的宾语。8to solve考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用动词不定式，表示目的。9importantly考查副词。副词一般修饰形容词、副词、动词，甚至整个句子，在句子中作状语。此处修饰整个句子，故用副词importantly。10are damaged考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，damage和主语the beaches之间是被动关系，根据该句中的“need”可知，此处叙述一般的情况，故用一般现在时的被动语态。.短文改错This morning I happened to meet a foreigner when I was taking wa

21、lk in the park. It was a good chance for me to practise my spoken English, but I went up to him, introduced himself in English and expressed my wish to have a talk with him. In my surprise, he just stared at me, looking puzzling. I thought I had not made myself understand, so I repeated again what I

22、 had said. But he just said anything that I didnt understand. I suddenly realize he was not an English speaker! Not all foreigner speak English.答案：第一句：taking后加a第二句：butso; himselfmyself第三句：InTo; puzzlingpuzzled第四句：understandunderstood; 去掉again第五句：anythingsomething第六句：realizerealized第七句：foreignerforei

23、gners.书面表达假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“我们的地球，我们的家”(Our Earth, Our Home)的环保创意活动。请用英语写一封邮件，邀请你的英国朋友Peter参加，内容包括：1活动时间和地点；2活动内容(照片展、废物利用、环保海报等)；3期待Peter参加。注意：1词数100左右；2邮件格式已给出，不计入总词数；3可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Peter， Yours，Li Hua参考范文：Dear Peter，Our school will hold an environmental protection activity entitled “Our Eart

24、h, Our Home” in our schools stadium this Saturday. I sincerely invite you to take part in it.This activity aims at improving students environmental protection awareness and urging students to take effective action to protect our Earth. Various activities will be held. For example, you will enjoy a p

25、hoto show which displays students efforts to gather and classify the rubbish. The process of recycling waste materials will tell us how to deal with the waste materials. The posters of environmental protection will arouse students interest in protecting our Earth. We also welcome students to put forward more creative methods to make this activity more interesting. Im looking forward to your coming.Yours，Li Hua