2022届高考英语一轮复习 Unit 5 重大政治、历史事件文化渊源练习（含解析）新人教版选修8.doc

1、重大政治、历史事件，文化渊源一、主题语基拓展练(一)主题词汇盘查(已会词汇，在内打“”；欠熟练词汇，多翻阅识记)anthropologistoriginruins remains relic tribe originate prehistoric heritage forefather era ancient period civilization dynasty emperor sacrifice aggression revolution historical (二)主题词汇训练.选词填空(有两词多余)civilization， revolution， origin， relic， rem

2、ains， era， period， prehistoric， heritage， aggression1In 1998, the Summer Palace was formally included in the UNESCO “World Heritage List”2The invention of the computer marked the beginning of a new era in human history.3I will stay in Beijing for a meeting for a period of 4 days.4In old days, in Chi

3、na cultural relics protection was almost nonexistent.5Some prehistoric people mainly lived in caves.6In the history of Chinese civilization, the ancient Chinese made great contributions to the development of the world.7We were deeply sad when we visited the remains of Yuanmingyuan.8One must not forg

4、et his origin, now that he is appointed to the leading post.单句语法填空1He didnt hesitate to sacrifice (sacrifice) his all for protecting his motherland.2We visited the ancient Mayan ruins (ruin) on our vacation to Central America.3The whole nation of the country has gone through 4 different periods (per

5、iod) of hardship.4There was a great change in the original (origin) plan.5The anthropologist (anthropology) has been doing research into the development of human beings.6He was hungry and ate the remains (remain) of food on the table, though cold.二、主题语篇押题练.阅读理解AFamous for its tolerance as well as it

6、s narrow houses and broad canals, Amsterdam is undergoing a change of attitude when it comes to the millions of tourists that come to see it each year. Tolerance has reached its limits in the capital of Dutch, which is now actively urging visitors to head elsewhere.Ellen van Loon, a partner at Dutch

7、 architectural firm OMA says, “We dont want to turn into a Venice. While tourism earns the Dutch economy around 82 billion euros a year, the problem we are currently facing is that Amsterdam is so loved by tourists, we just have so many coming to the city.”Netherlands tourist officials recently took

8、 the decision to stop advertising the country as a tourist destination. Their “Perspective 2030” report, published earlier this year, stated that the focus will now be on “destination management” rather than “destination promoting”. The document also describes the countrys future strategy, acknowled

9、ging that Amsterdams livability will be severely influenced by “visitor overload” if action isnt taken.Solutions listed include working to discourage groups of visitors by either limiting or completely shutting down accommodation and entertainment products aimed at them, as well as spreading visitor

10、s to other parts of the Netherlands.Some of these measures have already come into play. Last year, the famous “I amsterdam” sign was removed from outside the Rijksmuseum, the citys main art gallery. The twometer high letters have been moved to various lesserknown neighborhoods in a bid to entice tra

11、velers to leave the center of the city.But will the measures being put in place be enough to save it from being damaged by its own success? Like many other locals, van Loon fears that Amsterdam has already lost its uniqueness forever. “The reason tourists come here is that theres something in the ch

12、aracter of Amsterdam they love，” she explains. “But at a certain point, when the number of tourists is increasing and increasing, they actually kill what they loved in the first place.”语篇解读：本文是说明文。因为过多的游客给城市管理带来了麻烦，荷兰首府阿姆斯特丹对待游客的态度发生了变化，由欢迎变为鼓励其到别的地方去。1What does van Loon mean by saying “We dont want

13、 to turn into a Venice”？AVenice is suffering from overtourism.BAmsterdam doesnt necessarily copy Venice.CVenice does more poorly than Amsterdam.DAmsterdam is more popular than Venice.解析：选A推理判断题。第一段提到阿姆斯特丹鼓励游客去其他地方旅游，根据第二段中van Loon说他们不想变成另一个威尼斯城，又提到阿姆斯特丹游客太多可以推断，威尼斯城面临着游客过多的问题，故选A项。2Why did Amsterdam

14、 advise visitors to head elsewhere?ATo reduce its pressure of mass visitors.BTo turn the focus on destination promoting.CTo promote the development of other areas.DTo avoid much spending on city management.解析：选A细节理解题。根据第二段中的“the problem ing to the city”及第三段中的“Amsterdams livability will be severely i

15、nfluenced byvisitor overload”可知， 阿姆斯特丹现在面临的问题是游客过量，故为了缓解这一压力，阿姆斯特丹鼓励游客到别的地方去。3What does the underlined word “entice” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?AForce.BPersuade.CInform. DAllow.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据上下文可知，阿姆斯特丹将著名的“I amsterdam”标志从其国立博物馆(Rijksmuseum)外移除，并将其重新安置在不太知名的街区，以劝游客从城市中心离开(来这些不太知名的街区)，故B项与画线词的词义最为接近

16、。4Whats van Loons attitude to the measures?AOptimistic. BObjective.CSkeptical. DAmbiguous.解析：选C观点态度题。根据最后一段中的“But will the measures . uniqueness forever.”可知，文章发出“这些正在实行的措施是否足以使阿姆斯特丹免于被自身的成功所损害？”这样的疑问，而后提到：像很多当地人一样，van Loon担心阿姆斯特丹已经永远失去了其独特性。故van Loon怀疑这些措施并不能真正地使阿姆斯特丹免于被自身的成功所损害。BMysterious, 3,000ye

17、arold footprints of ancient Egyptian children have been discovered by a group of archaeologists (考古学家) in a recent exploration in Egypt, together with some more information about the ancient Egyptian city PiRamesses.The footprints were uncovered at the remains of a large building in PiRamesses, whic

18、h was Egypts capital during the rule of the King Ramesses . They have a size of 1517 centimeters, thus relating to children between 3 and 5 years old. The archaeologists cannot yet say if there was more than one child since the differences in size are not big enough for them to distinguish. The foot

19、prints are also not so well protected that the archaeologists cant tell so far any other features of the feet. Moreover, the reason for the footprints presence remains a mystery. Although no modern concept of banning child labor existed at that time, the footprints seem to be too small even for chil

20、dren who could work. Whats more, it appears unlikely that the footprints belong to royal kids since they couldnt be allowed to play in the mud.Built on an island in the easternmost Nile branch, some 65 miles northeast of Cairo, which is the capital of Egypt now, PiRamesses had an extension of about

21、10 square miles. With a population of over 300,000, it was one of the largest cities of ancient Egypt. PiRamesses was strong during the 66 years of Ramesses s rule and for more than a century after his death. Then the city began to wane. Just decades later, its monuments (纪念碑) and temples were destr

22、oyed. Abandoned and forgotten, PiRamesses has been buried in the desert sand for thousands of years.Today nothing of the citys splendid past can be found at the surface. However, its monumental remains have been identified through modern technologies. The findings are exciting, but the archaeologist

23、s think there should be more. They are planning to make a further exploration in the area in the next season, hoping to find out a little more about the footprints and the city.语篇解读：考古学家们在埃及古城比兰赛发现了神秘的古代埃及小孩的脚印，并由此揭开了这座古城神秘的面纱。5What can we know about the footprints from the first two paragraphs?AThe

24、 footprints were discovered by a farmer.BThe footprints belong to some royal kids.CAll the footprints come from the same person.DPeople still dont know why the footprints existed.解析：选D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Moreover, the reason for the footprints presence remains a mystery.”可知，人们还不知道这些脚印出现的原因。6What does the

25、underlined word “wane” in Paragraph 3 mean?ABecome stronger.BBecome weaker and smaller.CCome into existence.DGain much popularity.解析：选B词义猜测题。根据画线词后的“Just decades later, its monuments (纪念碑) and temples were destroyed.”可推断出wane在此处意为“衰退，衰弱”。7What is the passage mainly about?AHow the footprints were dis

26、covered.BWhy PiRamesses disappeared.CThe development process of Egypt.DThe findings of an exploration in Egypt.解析：选D主旨大意题。根据第一段内容及文章大意可知，本文主要讲述了考古学家们在埃及的一次考古发现。.阅读七选五If you attend the Yangtze River Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition, you will find it hard to forget the treasures displayed there

27、. Thats because all of them, from delicate wood carvings to the fragrant West Lake Longjing Tea, are cultural achievements of Chinese people. 1 . Lets have a deep look at the great river civilization.Long regarded as a state symbol, Chinese embroidery (刺绣) took roots in the Yangtze River Valley. Thi

28、nk of the 4 most famous types of embroideries in China: Su Xiu from Jiangsu, Shu Xiu from Sichuan, Xiang Xiu from Hunan and Yue Xiu from Guangdong. 2 .Walking alongside the Yangtze River, you may hear singers in boats chanting simple songs containing powerful lyrics. This is the ancient music known

29、as haozi, which boatmen sing to unify their rowing rhythm. 3 . It is a record of history, which should be kept and carried forward. 4 . It was originally started to worship the dragon totem (图腾) by the people of the old Wuyue area. After the Warring States Period, the festival was in honor of the po

30、et Quyuan, who lived in the ancient state of Chu.So far, 11 cities along the Yangtze River have signed an agreement to protect the intangible cultural heritages along the river. 5 . This move is a big step toward making sure our nations cultural wonders will be alive for more generations.AThere is a

31、 traditional Chinese fairy taleBThey are priceless treasures in Jiangsu ProvinceCDragon Boat Festival originated from the Yangtze RiverDThey are also reflections of the long history of the Yangtze RiverEIt will promote cooperation and inspire integration (整合) among the citiesFHearing it is less comm

32、on today, but its still a symbol of the Yangtze RiverGYou will realize that three of them originate from cities along the Yangtze River语篇解读：文章介绍了中国长江流域的非物质文化遗产中国刺绣、号子、端午节等。目前，长江流域沿线的11座城市已经签署协议共同保护长江流域的非物质文化遗产，这一举措是为确保我们国家的文化奇观能够世代流传所迈出的一大步。1选D根据后文围绕着长江流域的非物质文化遗产展开可知，该处应选择承上启下的句子，引出这些遗产与长江流域的关系。D项中的

33、They指代前文中的“the treasures”，与上一句中的“all of them”指代相同，且D项中的also表明不只是像前文所提到的“它们是中国人的文化成就”，它们同时也是长江流域悠久历史的反映。2选G该段前文提到中国刺绣扎根于长江流域和中国的四大名绣。设空处应体现四大名绣与长江流域的紧密关系，G项中的three of them表明四大名绣中的三个发源于长江沿岸的城市。3选F该段介绍了“号子”这一长江流域的非物质文化遗产，它是船夫吟唱的简单曲调。选项中只有F项中的Hearing it与该段内容相关，且F项中的“its still a symbol of the Yangtze Riv

34、er”与后文的“should be kept and carried forward”相呼应。4选C根据该段中的“the dragon totem”和“the poet Quyuan”并结合选项可知，该段介绍的是端午节(Dragon Boat Festival)。5选E设空处前一句提到“长江沿岸的11座城市已经签署协议共同保护长江流域的非物质文化遗产”，设空处后一句介绍了这一举措的好处，E项与后一句并列为该举措的好处，且E项中的It特指前文11座城市签署保护协议这件事，the cities指的是前文所提到的长江沿岸的11座城市。.语法填空Since 1972, more than 800 cu

35、ltural sites that are thought to be of special importance to human history and culture 1 (add) to the World Heritage List. The Taj Mahal in India and the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties in China are two of the best known 2 (example)The Taj Mahal, 3 was built between 1631 and 1648, is 4

36、 (apparent) a masterpiece of architecture. It took more than 20,000 workers and 1,000 elephants 5 (complete) the project. Building the Taj Mahal was a labour of love. It was built in memory of the emperors beloved wife. If the Taj Mahal is a 6 (celebrate) of the heart, then the Imperial Tombs of the

37、 Ming and Qing Dynasties are 7 monument to the mind and spirit. 8 (build) by several emperors between 1368 and 1915, the Imperial Tombs represent Chinese cultural and historical values.Human life lasts only a short time 9 art and culture last forever. The UNESCO World Cultural Heritage Sites program

38、me attempts to preserve the best of human history. Masterpieces such as the Taj Mahal and the Imperial Tombs of the Ming and Qing Dynasties remind us 10 what we can achieve at our finest, and inspire us to live up to our great past in the future.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章以世界遗产名录里的泰姬陵和明清皇家陵墓为例，阐述文化遗产是历史和文化的见证，

39、具有独特价值。1have been added考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。这是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句，主句主语是more than 800 cultural sites，谓语用复数形式。句首有时间状语Since 1972，主句要用现在完成时，而且这些文化古迹是被添加到世界遗产名录里，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。2examples考查名词复数。根据上文的“twoofthebestknown”可知，这里应用复数形式。3which考查定语从句。这是一个定语从句，which指代前面的The Taj Mahal (泰姬陵)。4apparently考查副词。这里应用副词apparently，修

40、饰整个句子。5to complete考查非谓语动词。It takes sb. . to do sth.“花费某人做某事”。6celebration考查名词。前有冠词a，后有of the heart，此处需要填名词形式。7a考查冠词。monument为可数名词，根据语境，此处是泛指，且monument的发音以辅音音素开头，故用a。8Built考查非谓语动词。句中的“the Imperial Tombs”是主语，它与动词build是逻辑上的动宾关系，因此用过去分词形式。9but考查连词。这里表示转折关系，人的生命是短暂的，而艺术和文化却是永恒的。10of/about考查介词。remind sb. of/about sth.“提醒某人某事，使某人想起某事”。