2023届新教材高考英语全程一轮复习 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility学生用书 牛津译林版选择性必修第四册.docx
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1、Unit 1Honesty and responsibility核心词汇写其形1_ n. 道德原则;法则;信条2_ adj. 值得花时间(或花钱、努力等),重要的,令人愉快的3_ adj. 灵敏的,敏锐的;渴望,热切,热衷于4_ vt. &vi. 疑有,觉得n. 嫌疑犯,可疑对象5_ adj. 无辜的,清白的,无罪的;天真无邪的,纯真的n. 无辜者,单纯的人6_ adv. 不过,总之;尽管;而且;随便地7_ n. &vt. 逮捕,拘捕8_ adj. 极佳的,卓越的,质量极高的9_ adj. 大量的,价值巨大的;结实的,牢固的10_ vt. &vi. 辞职,辞去阅读词汇知其意1outline v
2、t. _n. _2eyebrow n. _3collar n. _4wire vt. _n. _5scar n. _6core adj. _n. _7burden n. _8diamond n. _9parcel n. _vt. _10privilege n. _vt. _拓展词汇通其变1appoint vt.任命,委派;指定(时间、地点)_ vt.使失望_ n约定;任命_ adj.失望的,沮丧的2social adj.社会的_ adj.社会主义的 n社会主义者_ n社会3mercy n仁慈,宽恕_ adj.仁慈的4courage n勇气_ v鼓励_ v使灰心,使泄气_ adj.灰心的5gui
3、de v指导,指引_ n指导;导航6geophysics n地球物理学_ n地球物理学家7guilt n内疚,自责_ adj.感到内疚的,感到惭愧的;有罪的,有过失的8legal adj.合法的;法律的_ adj.非法的,不合法的9shame n羞愧;羞惭,耻辱;丢脸_ adj.羞耻的_ adj.可耻的,丢脸的10scarf n围巾_ n围巾夹,领带别针11rely v依靠_ adj.可信赖的,可依靠的;真实可信的,可靠的高频短语记得牢1_ 拆毁,拆除2_ 失去联系3_ 被逮捕4_ 使焦虑不安,加重的思想负担5_ 发财6_ 臂挽着臂7_ 任处置,对无能为力典型句式懂其用1be doing.wh
4、en.正在做,这时/突然I _ Annes bedroom _ I heard her talking on the phone.我经过安妮的卧室时,听到她在打电话。2not.but (rather).不是而是Hopefully, you have learnt to treat responsibility _ as a weight that burdens you, _ rather as a foundation which will support your future development.(我)希望你们已经学会不把责任当作困扰你们的重担,而是把它当作支持你们未来发展的基础。3
5、no/not.without.没有就不能A man _ be perfected _ trials.一个人不经考验就不可能完美。【核心考点】第一版块|重点单词1appointment n约定,约会;任命,委任;职务appoint vt.任命,委派;约定,确定(时间、地点)(1)have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会have/make an appointment to do. 约时间做keep an appointment 准时赴约break an appointment 违约a permanent appointment 固定职位first appointme
6、nt 第一次任职(2)appoint sb.(as/to be)职务 任命某人担任某职务appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事appoint sth. (date, time, place.)for. 为确定某事(日期、时间、地点)(3)at the appointed time 在指定时间at the appointed place 在指定地点单句语法填空I have an appointment _ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it.The man rang Mary up to make an _ (appoint) with t
7、he doctor.The professor told him excitedly that he _ (appoint) as the assistant professor.Id like to make an appointment _ next Wednesday afternoon.I have an appointment _ (see) my lawyer next Saturday.Ten minutes before the _ (appoint) time, he sat nervously outside her office.2.reliable adj.可信赖的,可
8、依靠的;真实可信的,可靠的rely v信赖,依靠(1)a reliable friend 可信赖的朋友need a reliable method 需要一个可靠的办法information coming from a reliable source 来源可靠的消息(2)rely ondepend onrely upon 依靠;依赖;信任,信赖rely on it that.depend on it that. 相信rely on sb./sth. to do sth. 依靠/信赖某人/某物做某事rely on sb./sth. for sth. 依靠某人/某物提供某物rely on sb./s
9、th. doing sth. 依靠某人/某物做某事单句语法填空If my car had been more _ (rely), I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer.Though he has shortcomings, he is a person _ (rely) on.You can rely/depend on it _ Peter would like to accept the suggestion.Its not wise always to rely _ others help.We should
10、 rely on _ that everything will go well.3.worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等),重要的,令人愉快的值,值钱,值得做(1)be worthn.be worth doing(用主动形式表被动含义;worth前常用well修饰,表示“很值得”。)(2)be worthy ofn.be worthy of being donebe worthy to be doneIt is worthwhile to do sth.It is worthwhile doing sth.这件事值得考虑。The matter is worth consid
11、eration/considering.The matter is worthy of consideration/of being considered/to be considered.It is worthwhile to consider the matter.It is worthwhile considering the matter.单句语法填空In my opinion, the book WhoMovedMyCheese is well worth _ (read) a second time.The novel is worthy _ (read) a second tim
12、e.It might be worthwhile _ (consider) your attitude to an insurance policy.4suspect vt. & vi.疑有,觉得n嫌疑犯,可疑对象(1)suspect that. 怀疑/认为(尤指坏事可能属实或发生)suspect sb. to be. 怀疑某人是suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事suspect sb. of telling lies 怀疑某人撒谎(2)a murder suspect 杀人嫌疑犯the main/prime suspect 首要嫌疑人单句语法填空It
13、seemed that the girl suspected me _ stealing her necklace.The man, _ (suspect) of stealing the jewels from the shop, was missing last night.The police suspected _ she had some connection with the robbery.He _ (suspect) of carrying drugs, so his bag was searched by the police.5legal adj.合法的;法律的illega
14、l adj.不合法的;非法的;违法的legally adv.合法地;法律上illegally adv.非法地(1)the legal system 法律体系take legal advice 听取法律方面的建议reach the legal age for drinking 到喝酒的法定年龄legal fees 律师费用a legal adviser 法律顾问(2)It is illegal (for sb.) to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是非法的。illegal immigrants 非法移民illegal drugs 违禁药品,毒品illegal activities 非法活
15、动an illegal act 违法行为illegal parking 违章停车an illegally parked car 违章停放的汽车单句语法填空It is _ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol.Parking lot owners should be _ (legal) responsible for protecting vehicles.6resign vt. & vi.辞职,辞去resignation n辞职;辞职信,辞呈(1)resign from工作单位(company,committee,factory,etc.) 从辞职re
16、sign as身份名词(manager,chairman,etc.) 辞去职务resign ones position/post/seat 辞去某人的职务resign oneself to 顺从;听任resign herself to her fate 她听天由命(2)hand in your resignation 上交辞职信a letter of resignation 辞职信单句语法填空Mr Smith resigned _ headmaster last month.As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends
17、 to resign _ the company.He _ (resign) his post because he had been offered a better job.The _ (resign) came as a complete surprise.7ashamed adj.惭愧的,羞愧,尴尬shame n羞耻;羞愧;耻辱,丢脸;令人惋惜的事,让人遗憾的事(1)be ashamed of oneself 为自己感到羞愧be ashamed that. 对感到惭愧be ashamed to do sth. 做某事而感到惭愧(2)It is a shame that. 真遗憾to o
18、nes shame 令某人感到羞耻的是What a shame! 多可惜!/真遗憾!单句语法填空I think you should be ashamed _ your rudeness.I am ashamed _ (admit) that Ive never read any of his books.The boy was _ (shame) to tell his mother that he had failed.You should be _ (shame) of your _ (shame) behaviour at the opening ceremony.8.forgive
19、vt. & vi. (forgave, forgiven)原谅,宽恕;免除(债务)(1)forgive sb. sth. 宽恕某人某事forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事forgive and forget 不念旧恶,不记仇Please forgive me. 请原谅我(2)excuse sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而感谢某人praise sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而表扬某人punish sb. for (doing) sth
20、. 因为(做)某事而惩罚某人scold sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而责备某人单句语法填空I will never forgive him _ what he said last night.Expecting to _ (forgive) is like asking someone to say thank you for the gift.It is obvious that he _ (forgive) her for telling lies.You could be forgiven _ thinking football is a religion h
21、ere.9disappointed adj.失望的,沮丧的(1)be disappointed at/with/about/in 对感到失望be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而感到失望be disappointed that. 因而感到失望bitterly/deeply/terribly disappointed 极为失望(2)a disappointing result/performance 令人失望的结果/演出(3)to ones disappointment 令某人失望的是in disappointment 失望地单句语法填空She was disappoi
22、nted _ (learn) that she had failed the test at her first attempt.She was _ (disappoint) that he never replied to her letter.When hearing the _ (disappoint) news that he was banned from driving, the old man was very _ (disappoint)Much to his _ (disappoint), his son is addicted to smoking.10.phase n阶段
23、,时期in phases 分阶段a new phase 新阶段an opening phase 开始阶段the design phase 设计阶段the initial/final phase of the project 工程的初始/最后阶段a critical/decisive phase 关键性/决定性阶段during the first/next/last phase 在第一/下一/最后阶段pass through three phases 经过三个阶段begin/enter/go through a phase 开始/进入/经历一个阶段单句语法填空The work will be c
24、arried out _ phases.The project will enter a _ (two) phase at the beginning of 2030.She is going _ a difficult phase.11mercy n仁慈,宽恕;幸运at the mercy of sb./sth. 任处置,对无能为力show mercy to sb. 对某人仁慈have mercy on sb. 怜悯某人ask/beg for mercy 请求/乞求宽恕without mercy 毫不留情地,残忍地Its a mercy (that). 幸运的是单句语法填空The fishe
25、rmen got lost when fishing, so they were now _ the mercy of the wind.The judge had no mercy _ the drunk driver.The judge showed no mercy _ the drunk driver.The woman was so foolish that she was completely _ the mercy of him.完成句子曾有一段时间,一些濒危物种遭到残忍捕杀。There was a time when some endangered animals were k
26、illed _.12guidance n指导;导航(1)under ones guidanceunder the guidance of sb. 在某人的指导下under ones expert guidance 在某人的专业指导下guidance on/about. 关于的指导career guidance 职业指导(2)guide sb. to/through/around. 带某人到/穿过/参观a tour guide 导游a guide to family health 家庭健康指南misguide sb. 误导某人单句语法填空The guide guided us _ the gal
27、lery, pointing out the most famous painting in the collection._ (guide) by the Party, we are marching from one victory to another.She received very little career _ (guide) when young.For just a small donation you can take a tour _ our garden guide.However, they have real impacts, as they result in _
28、 (misguide) use of scarce resources.13.quote n引语vt. & vi.引用,引述;举例说明quote me an instance 给我举个例子quote Shakespeare 引用莎士比亚的话a dictionary of quotations 引语词典quote (.unquote) (用于引文的开始和结尾)引文起(引文止)a quote from sb. 引自某人的一句话quote from 引用自单句语法填空The president _ (quote) in the press as saying that he disagreed wi
29、th the decision.In my composition, there is a quote _ the ministers speech.I still love to record ideas and _ (quote) that strike me in books.第二版块|重点短语1tear down拆毁,拆除tear( tore, torn) v扯破;撕破;扯掉;撕掉Years later, we decided to tear down our ugly house and build a beautiful one with a garden.几年后,我们决定拆掉我们
30、那座难看的房子,建一座带花园的漂亮房子。tear up 撕碎;拔起tear down a notice 撕下布告tear into tiny pieces 撕得粉碎tear off clothes 扯掉衣服tear the letter into/to pieces 把信撕成碎片单句语法填空There are several main reasons why old buildings should be torn _ and replaced by new ones.So far it _ (tear) down to make room for a new restaurant.2.los
31、e contact失去联系contact n联系;联络;接触vt.联系(1)lose contact with 与失去联系make contact with sb./get in contact with sb. 与某人取得联系bring sb.in contact with. 让某人接触establish contact with sb. 与某人建立联系be in contact with sb. 与某人联系be out of contact with sb. 与某人失去联系stay/keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系physical/eye contact 身
32、体/目光接触(2)contact sb.immediately/directly 立即/直接与某人联系contact sb. by email/telephone 通过电子邮件/电话与某人联系单句语法填空Modern science makes it possible for us to be in contact _ each other much more easily.Its unusual for a grouse to have any contact _ people.Modern science makes it possible for us to keep _ contact
33、 with each other easily.2020江苏卷单选Taking on this challenge will bring you _ contact with someone who shares your interests.There was no signal in that faraway village and I lost contact _ my friends.3arm in arm臂挽着臂(在句中作状语)We went skipping down the street arm in arm.我们臂挽着臂蹦蹦跳跳地沿大街走着。(1)常用的结构类似的短语:back
34、 to back 背靠背地shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地side by side 并排地step by step 逐步地hand in hand 手拉手地year after year 年年,每年day after day 日复一日head to head 正面交锋地heart to heart 谈心;交心face to face 面对面地little by little 逐渐地(2)“名词-介词-名词”是形容词,作前置定语。face-to-face 面对面的back-to-back 一个接一个的;连续发生的heart-to-heart 敞开心扉的head-to-head
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