2021高三全国统考英语（话题版）一轮学案：第1编 话题六 BOOK 8 UNIT 2 CLONING WORD版含解析.doc

1、1As far as I am concerned, I dont think cloning human being is sensible.It may bring about many unexpected problems. We should respect life and let everything stay as it is. 就我个人而言，我认为克隆人类是不明智的，它会带来许多意想不到的问题。我们应该尊重生命，让一切顺其自然。2Apart from our brain having memory, cells in our body, in billions, have t

2、heir own memory.除了我们的大脑有记忆外，我们身体中数十亿个细胞也有记忆。3Reading widely enables me to have a chance to broaden my horizon.广泛阅读使我有机会拓宽视野。4After a series of initial experiments and corrections, the scientists hard work paid off when the twin clone turkeys were hatched with normal feather and claws.在最初一系列的实验和修正之后，

3、科学家的辛苦工作终于取得了成功，一对双生克隆火鸡孵化出来，羽毛和爪子都很正常。自主排查 夯基固本核心单词(1)differ (vi.) 不同；相异difference (n.) 不同；差异different (adj.) 不同的(2)cast (vt.) 扔；投；掷cast (过去式/过去分词)(3)object (vi.) 反对；不赞成objection (n.) 反对；不赞成；异议(4)obtain (vt.) 获得；赢得obtainable (adj.) 可获得的；可得到的(5)owe (vt.) 欠(账、钱、人情等)；归功于owing (adj.) 欠着的；未付的(6)retire (

4、vi.) 退休；离开retirement (n.) 退休；退职retired (adj.) 退休的(7)bother (vt.) 打扰 (vi.) 操心 (n.) 烦扰(8)strike (vt.& vi.) 打；撞击；罢工(n.) 罢工struck (过去式/过去分词)(9)vain (adj.) 虚荣的；自负的；徒劳的(10)resist (vt.) 抵抗；对抗resistance (n.) 抵抗力；反抗resistant (adj.) 有抵抗力的阅读单词(1)exact (adj.) 精确的；准确的(2)commercial (adj.) 商业的；贸易的(3)undertake (vt.

5、) 着手；从事；承担(4)breakthrough (n.) 突破(5)procedure (n.) 程序；步骤；手续(6)forbid (vt.) 禁止；不准(7)accumulate (vt.& vi.) 积累；聚积(8)assumption (n.) 假定；设想(9)regulation (n.) 规则；规章；法规(10)reasonable (adj.) 合情理的；讲道理的；公道的单句语法填空1His explanation was _ (reason), so all of us were willing to accept it.答案：reasonable2From the app

6、earance, we cannot tell the _ (differ) between the twins.答案：difference3After his _ (retire), he settled down in a remote village, teaching the kids there.答案：retirement4Grey decided to move to the countryside and his mother made no _ (object) to it.答案：objection5What I am doing is _ (exact) what they

7、need.答案：exactly6Projects are _ (undertake) on a team basis.答案：undertaken7It is difficult _ (obtain) reliable evidence.答案：to obtain8We are playing a trick on the man who keeps _ (bother) me.答案：bothering9His own pride _ (forbid) him to ask Tom for help.答案：forbids10Will they be able _ (resist) the temp

8、tation to buy?答案：to resist联想积累1快速掌握“获得”家族receive 收到，得到(信、命令、请帖等)；接受(欢迎，请愿等)get 获得；赚得；赢得obtain 得到；获得acquire 获得；学得gain 获得；赢得be available 可以得到的；可以买到的achieve 获得；取得win 获得；赢得2巧记合成词fall downdownfall 垮台get togethergettogether 聚会break throughbreakthrough 突破break outoutbreak 爆发1all_the_time 一直；始终2pay_off 得到好结

9、果；取得成功；偿清3cast_down 使失望；使沮丧4in_favo(u)r_of 赞成；支持5(be) bound to (do) . 一定或注定(做)6strike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心7from time to time 不时；偶尔8bring back to life 使复生；使复活9in vain 白费力气；枉费心机10in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏选词填空cast down， in vain， pay off， from time to time， in poor condition， bring back to

10、 life1The house is really _ and it will cost too much to repair.答案：in poor condition2She has succeeded. She is pleased that her devotion to studying has _.答案：paid off3With all the efforts _， he was very desperate, falling ill.答案：in vain4Traffic accidents happen _ on this road.答案：from time to time5Af

11、ter the earthquake, the village was _ with the villagers efforts.答案：brought back to life6He was _ by the disappointing news.答案：cast down联想积累1“动词副词”回顾再记break down 坏掉；分解；被搞垮break up 打碎；结束；解散bring down 降低；降落come out 出版；结果是cut down 砍倒；削减get over 克服make out 辨认出；理解；开(支票等)put away 收起；储存set aside 拨出；置于一旁set

12、 off 出发；引爆2heart常见搭配lose heart 灰心heart and soul 全心全意地strike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心put ones heart into . 用心对待；全心全意lose ones heart to 喜欢；爱上课文原句句式梳理仿写训练The advantage is that if there is a new illness some of these animals may die, but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease

13、to the next generation.其优点是，如果发生了某种新的疾病，这类动物中的一些可能会死掉，但是另外一些却能存活下来，并且把这种抗疫力传给下一代。The advantage is that . “优势是”，that引导表语从句。类似结构还有：The disadvantage is that . “劣势是”；the problem is that . “问题是”；the chances are that . “很可能”；The reason is that . “原因是”等。_ why I recommend you to climb the Great Wall _ it is

14、 a symbol of brilliant Chinese civilization.我推荐你登长城的原因是，它是我们灿烂的中华文明的象征。答案：The reason; is that直击重点 突破考点objectionn. 不赞成；反对；异议(P12)单句语法填空Many people raised an _ (object) to the news report, arguing that it was not objective.Do you have any objection to _ (change) your working hours?答案：objectionchanging

15、(1)raise an objection to sth. 对某事提出异议make/take/have an objection to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(2)object n. 物体；目标vi. 反对；不赞成object to sb./sth. 反对某人/某事object to doing sth. 反对做某事object that . 反对(3)objective adj. 真实的；客观的(1)object to中的to为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。(2)object表示“反对”，为不及物动词，接宾语需加介词to; oppose表示“反对”，为及物动词，接宾语不需加

16、介词。be opposed to . 表示“反对，和相对”。forbidvt. (forbade/forbad, forbidden)禁止；不准(P12)(1)单句语法填空The new law forbids _ (smoke) in offices.The guard forbade us _ (look) out of the window when the train was moving.For this writer there is no such thing as a _ (forbid) topic.答案：smokingto lookforbidden(2)单句改错It is

17、 forbid to swim in the river alone._答案：forbidforbiddenforbid doing sth. 禁止做某事forbid sb. to do sth.forbid sb. from doing sth. 禁止某人做某事It is forbidden to do sth. 做某事是被禁止的owevt. 欠(钱、账、人情等)；归功于；感激(P13)单句语法填空He owes his good health _ plenty of exercise and a regular life.He owed _ to his first English tea

18、cher that he had a good pronunciation.She had a headache, _ (owe) to the weather here, but she is now accustomed to it.答案：toitowing(1)owe sb. sth.owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物；把归功于某人owe it to sb. that . 多亏某人owe sb. an apology 该向某人道歉owe thanks to sb. 感谢某人(2)owing adj. 欠着的；未付的owing tobecause ofon account ofdu

19、e to 因为；由于如果owe的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。如：He owes it to his doctors care that he is quite well again.他的身体又很健康了，他把这归功于医生的照顾。strikevt.& vi. (struck, struck)打；撞击；罢工n. 罢工(P15)(1)单句语法填空Dont strike terror _ my heart._ struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai t

20、he next day.答案：intoIt(2)单句写作At the sight of the West Lake, I _ its beauty.一看到西湖，我就被它的美景迷住了。答案：was struck by/with(1)strike . into ones heart 使刻骨铭心be struck by/with 被击中/打动/感动It strikes/hits/occurs to sb. that . 某人突然想起Sth. strikes/hits/occurs to sb. 某人突然想起(2)go/be on strike 举行罢工/在罢工pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿

21、清；(付清工资后)解雇(P11)(1)单句写作The work is starting _.这些努力开始奏效/取得成功。What delighted him was that after all these years he at last _ all his debts.使他高兴的是几年之后他终于还清了所有的债务。答案：to pay offpaid off(2)写出下列句子中pay off的含义It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan._Two hundred workers have been paid off.

22、_All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam._答案：偿清(结工资后)解雇；打发走取得好结果pay back 偿还(欠款)；报复；回报pay for sth. 付某物的钱；为某事物付出代价pay sb. for sth. 因某事物给某人报酬；为付钱给某人pay a visit to 参观；拜访pay attention to 注意；留心in good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏(P17)单句写作Mums still got our pramits very old, but its

23、 _.妈妈还留着我们的婴儿车虽然很旧了，但仍然完好。Mum said that I could go camping _ I must see to it that I was safe.妈妈说我可以去露营，条件是确保安全。On no condition _ anything harmful to our country.在任何情况下我们都不能做危害国家利益的事。答案：in good conditionon condition thatcan we do(1)out of condition 健康状况欠佳meet the conditions 满足条件on no condition 无论如何都

24、不；决不(放在句首时，句子用部分倒装语序)on condition that . 只要；如果；条件是working/living/studying conditions 工作/生活/学习环境(2)conditional adj. 有条件的；以为条件的unconditional adj. 无条件的；绝对的教材原句The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.(P11)她看来是在正常地成长着，这个事实非常令人鼓舞。(1)单句语法填空The idea _ computers can recognize human

25、voices surprises many people.We havent yet settled the question _ we are going to spend our summer vacation.The question _ we should continue to do the experiment has not been answered yet.答案：thatwhere whether(2)单句改错We should consider the students request that the school library must provide more bo

26、oks on popular science._答案：去掉must或mustshould本句含有一个由that引导的同位语从句，用于解释和说明fact的内容。引导词that不能省略。经常跟同位语从句的名词有fact, news, message, doubt, possibility, idea, reason, belief, hope, thought, promise, suggestion, question等。连接词有：连词that, whether；连接代词who, which, what；连接副词where, when, why, how等。(1)一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词

27、(如news, idea, fact, promise, hope, message等)的后面，用于说明该名词所表达的具体内容。有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，这在语法上叫做分隔式同位语从句。(2)在suggestion, advice, request, order等意为“建议，要求，命令”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should动词原形”，句中的should可以省略。教材原句Based on what we know now, you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 1

28、0,000 years.(P15)就我们现在所知，你不可能克隆那些已经灭绝了一万年以上的动物。(1)单句语法填空_ (face) with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time._ (satisfy) with what he did, the teacher praised him in class._ (absorb) in reading a novel, he didnt notice the teacher came in.答案：FacedSatisfiedAbsorbed(2)单句改错Lose in the

29、forest, we had to ask the police for help._答案：LoseLostbe based on “以为根据；基于”，在句中是过去分词短语作状语。有此用法的类似短语还有：worried/concerned about 对感到担忧satisfied with 对感到满意surrounded by 被包围faced with 面对compared with 与比较absorbed in . 专心于课文回练 升华运用Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay. It is a way of _1_ (mak

30、e) an exact copy of another animal or plant. It has two major uses. One is _2_ gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants. _3_ other is that it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals. However, the process of cloning is difficult _4_ (undert

31、ake)Many attempts to clone mammals failed. The breakthrough that scientists made in history is in the year 1996. The first successful cloning, the sheep Dolly, made the whole _5_ (science) world follow its process, though it had _6_ (many) problems than the normal sheep. On the other hand, Dollys ap

32、pearance _7_ (raise) a storm of objections and had a great impact _8_ the media and public imagination. Different people have different _9_ (opinion) on it. However, scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us. Maybe in the 21st century, cloning will be th

33、e _10_ (big) moral dilemma.1_2._3._4._5._6._7._8._9._10._答案：1.making2.that3.The4.to undertake5.scientific6.more7.raised8.on9.opinions10.biggest基础达标 自主训练.选词填空cast down, be bound to, strike . into peoples hearts, bring back to life, in good condition, at a reasonable price, in vain, shortly after, pay

34、 off, pass on . to1Fortunately, some animals will survive and _ the ability to resist the disease _ the next generation.答案：pass on; to2Many biologists _ to hear that Dolly died young.答案：were cast down3It is either impossible or unsuitable that dinosaurs can _ now.答案：be brought back to life4When you

35、are dealing with so many patients, mistakes _ happen.答案：are bound to5The idea of cloning the dinosaurs still _ horror _.答案：strikes; into peoples hearts6It became obvious that all her complaints were _.答案：in vain7To everyones surprise, the skeleton of the dinosaur was _.答案：in good condition8Small as

36、it is, the restaurant is well known in this area for its good food _.答案：at a reasonable price9I was very interested in English and worked hard at it. Finally all my efforts _.答案：paid off10He finished a difficult task on his own _ he entered the company.答案：shortly after.单句写作1Im writing to tell you th

37、at I am _ (赞成) the second traveling route, a visit to Mount Tai. 答案：in favo(u)r of2_ of using the solar energy_ (的优势是) it wont create any pollution.答案：The advantage; is that3To enrich our school life, the Student Union organized a variety of activities _.为了丰富我们的学校生活，学生会不时地组织各种各样的活动。答案：from time to t

38、ime4_最后，我们的努力得到了回报。一套优雅的汉服制作成功。(pay off)答案：Finally, our hard work paid off. A set of elegant Hanfu was created.5_我应该把成功归功于老师和同学们。答案：I should owe my success to my teacher and classmates.语法填空(2020陕西省部分学校第一学期摸底检测)Recently researchers have had a finding _1_ singing in groups could have a positive impact

39、 on reducing _2_ (anxious) and depression. The research is from the University of East Anglia in the UK, in cooperation with a community singing group _3_ (call) Sing Your Heart Out. A research team conducted the study _4_ (examine) how singing with other people affects mental health. Researchers fo

40、llowed a group of people _5_ attended free weekly singing workshops for six months. They discovered that singing in groups was _6_ essential part in helping people recover from mental illness. In addition, it helped people feel _7_ (little) stressed, enhanced their mood and increased their confidenc

41、e, social skills and feeling of wellbeing. Lead researcher, Professor Tom Shakespeare, said, “We found that singing as part of a group contributes _8_ peoples recovery from mental health problems.” He added, “All of the _9_ (participant) we spoke to reported positive effects as a direct result of ta

42、king part in the singing workshops. For some, it _10_ (represent) one component of a wider program of support. For others, it stood out as the key to their maintenance of health.”1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。研究发现，合唱可以缓解压力，减少沮丧，有利于精神健康。1that考查同位语从句的连接词。设空处引导从句解释说明a finding的内容，作其同位语，设空处在句

43、中不作句子成分，无语意，仅起连接作用，故用that。2anxiety考查词性转换。本空作reducing的宾语，与depression并列，故用名词anxiety。3called考查非谓语动词。call和a community singing group构成被动关系，故用其过去分词形式called作后置定语。4to examine考查非谓语动词。此处表示一个研究小组进行该研究是为了调查与他人一起唱歌是如何影响精神健康的，表目的，故用动词不定式to examine。5who/that考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为people，从句中缺少主语，故填who或

44、that。6an考查冠词。part在此处为可数名词，且在文中第一次提及，故用不定冠词修饰，又因为essential的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。7less考查副词的比较级。根据下文“enhanced their mood . feeling of wellbeing”可知，合唱帮助人们缓解压力，即帮助人们感受到更少的压力，故用副词的比较级less，修饰其后的形容词“stressed”。8to考查介词。contribute to sth.是固定搭配，意为“有助于/促成某事”，故填to。9participants考查名词。participant “参与者”为可数名词，根据空格前的“All of

45、the”可知，此处表示复数的概念，故填participants。10represented考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，本句缺少谓语；根据后一句中的stood out及全文的基本时态为一般过去时可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填represented。.短文改错Dear Tom，Its great to receive your email. Now Id like to tell you anything that took place in my school yesterday. In the afternoon we hold a growingup ceremony for our

46、coming 18yearsold. First, we made a promise which as grownups we should have the sense of duty to our society from now on. Then we gave our thanks to our parents had gone through hardship to bring us up and teachers who had been educating us patient. And our teachers also gave us cards, expressing o

47、ur good wishes for our future. Finally, we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing. We learned a lot of from the activity. I think its more important for us. I will remember the day forever.Yours，Li Hua答案：Dear Tom，Its great to receive your email. Now Id like to tell you that took place in

48、 my school yesterday. In the afternoon we a growingup ceremony for our coming . First, we made a promise as grownups we should have sense of duty to our society from now on. Then we gave our thanks to our parents had gone through hardship to bring us up and teachers who had been educating us . And o

49、ur teachers also gave us cards, expressing good wishes for our future. Finally, we put on wonderful performances, singing and dancing. We learned a lot from the activity. I think its important for us. I will remember the day forever.Yours，Li Hua难项分析：第四处：whichthat考查同位语从句的连接词。此处是对promise的进一步说明，引导同位语从句，在从句中不作成分，无语意，故用that。第六处：parents后加that/who考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为parents，且在从句中作主语，指人，故用that/who引导该从句。第九处：去掉of考查固定短语。a lot “许多，大量”，修饰动词。