2022届高中英语人教版一轮学案：选择性必修 第三册 UNIT 4　ADVERSITY AND COURAGE WORD版含解析.docx

1、选择性必修第三册 Unit 4Adversity and Courage主题语境：人与自然(地球探索)【话题词汇】1.stream n. 溪流2.plain n. 平原3.bay n. 海湾4.port n. 港口5.glacier n. 冰川6.wetland n. 湿地；沼泽地7.oasis n. (沙漠中的)绿洲8.jungle n. 丛林，密林9.canyon n. 峡谷10.cave n. 洞穴11.reserve n. 保护区 12.continent n. 大陆，洲13.habitat n. 栖息地14.survive v. 幸存15.evolution n. 演变；进化论16.

2、coexistence n. 共存【话题短语】1.at the edge of 在的边缘2.be surrounded by 被包围3.have four weeks off 休四周假4.mysterious creature 神秘生物5.go through 经过；经历；通过；浏览6.be heavy with 有大量的7.take advantage of 利用8.in the distance 在远处9.all the way 一路上；一直10.get a clear look at 看清楚【话题佳句】1.Last year, an expert rode a camel through

3、 a big desert, which was frightening and exhausting.去年，一位专家骑骆驼穿越了一个大沙漠，整个过程令人恐惧而且疲惫不堪。2.“Where there is a will, there is a way” is an old proverb which almost everyone knows, but not all understand it so well.“有志者，事竟成”是一条古老的谚语，几乎每个人都知道，但不是所有人都能理解它。3.Fortunately, the helicopter flew overhead and noti

4、ced poor Jane.幸运地是，直升飞机从头顶飞过，注意到可怜的简。【话题练习】1.In fact, so little do we know about the universe that we are not even aware how it came into being.事实上，我们对宇宙知之甚少，甚至不知道它是如何形成的。2. I have long been interested in space exploration.长期以来， 我一直对太空探索感兴趣。.重点单词1_ n. 困境2_ n. 探险；远征3_ v. 嫉妒4_ n. 休闲；娱乐5_ adj. 得体的6_ ad

5、j. 温馨的7_ v. 抛弃；放弃8_ v. 指派9_ v. 沉10_ v. 毁坏；压毁11_ n. 指导12_ n. 忍耐力13_ n. 所有物14_ adj. 悲惨的.拓展单词1_ v. 坚持_ n毅力2_ n忍耐力_ v. 忍受3_ v嫉妒_ adj. 嫉妒的4_ adj.热情的_ n热情5_ n投入_ v. 投入；承诺6_ v决定；决心_ n决心；解决7_ adj. 幸运的_ adj.不幸的_ adv.幸运地8_ adj.残忍的_ n. 残忍9_ n. 申请；申请表；应用_ v. 申请_ n申请者10_ adj. 有资格的_ n资格联想拓展“AAA”式不规则动词变化burstburst

6、burst 爆裂；爆发costcostcost 花费putputput 放下hurthurthurt 伤害shutshutshut 关闭hithithit 打cutcutcut 砍，切forecastforecastforecast 预报ABC式过去式、过去分词变化arisearosearisendrivedrovedrivenrideroderiddenriseroserisenwritewrotewritten.核心短语1_ 梦想2_ 申请3_ 拒绝某人4_ 对充满热情5_ 出发；动身；使爆炸6_ 使某人情绪高涨7_ 脾气好/不好8_ 设法成功做成某事9_ 放出(光；热；气味)10_ 生火

7、联想拓展以“ify”结尾的动词荟萃simplify 简化beautify 美化purify 净化identify 鉴定；识别出classify 分类horrify 使恐惧后缀ful构成的形容词小结powerful 强大的；有力的harmful 有害的doubtful 怀疑的；疑惑的faithful 守信的forgetful 健忘的hopeful 充满希望的.重点句型1without 引导的含蓄虚拟语气。_ Tom and Ernest, wed be dead by now.如果没有Tom和Ernest，我们现在就死定了。2动名词作主语。_ took all our time and ener

8、gy.活着需要我们所有的时间和精力。3asas 和一样It was almost _ dangerous to become too hot from wearing too many clothes _ to become too cold from wearing too few.穿太多衣服变得太热，几乎和穿太少衣服变得太冷一样危险。高频考点探究.核心词汇1qualified adj.符合资格；具备的知识或能力【典型原句】He is not qualified to vote.他没有资格投票。 be qualified for/to do sth. 有资格qualify v. 使具有资格q

9、ualification n. 资格；资格证书【练透考点】单句语法填空/单句写作She has the _ (qualify) for teaching English.他参加各种各样的测试以证明自己完全有资格接受这项重要的任务。_我认为自己符合您所列的所有要求。_【佳句背诵】The reason why I think I am qualified for the English announcer are as follows.我认为自己能胜任英语播音员的原因如下。2enthusiastic adj.热情的【典型例句】I was always an enthusiastic reader,

10、 sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.我一直是个热情的读者，当我还是个孩子的时候有时能一天读三本书。be enthusiastic about. 对充满热情enthusiasm n. 热情【练透考点】单句语法填空/单句写作If they win the final tonight, the team are going to tour around the city to be cheered by their _ (enthusiasm) supporters. Her father had her study busin

11、ess in college but she told her father that she had no _ (enthusiastic) for it.我肯定这会使你感兴趣，因为你一直热衷于乒乓球运动。_【佳句背诵】Keeping enthusiasm for what you are doing is fundamental to achieving your goal.对你所做的事情保持热情是实现目标的基础。3belongings n财产；所有物；相关事物【典型例句】Please ensure that you have your own insurance for your per

12、sonal belongings as they take no responsibility for any theft or damage to personal belongings.请确保你个人财产的安全，因为任何盗窃或个人财产的损失他们概不负责。belong to 属于；归属；为的一员(无被动语态和进行时态)相似用法的有：date back to/date from 追溯到consist of 包括【练透考点】单句语法填空After getting off, please check whether your _ (belong) are left on the drifting b

13、oat.As is known to us，China is a country _ (belong) to the Third World.【佳句背诵】Success belongs to those who set a high aim and strive for it.成功属于那些树立高目标并为之努力的人。4unfortunately adv.不幸地【典型例句】 They had been searching for a week, but unfortunately, they didnt find that missing boy.他们找了一周，但不幸地是，并没有找到那个丢失的小孩

14、。(1)fortunate adj. 幸运的；侥幸的(lucky)be fortunate to do sth. 幸运做某事(2)fortune n. 财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气 seek ones fortune 找出路；碰运气make a fortune 发财try ones fortune 碰运气【练透考点】单句语法填空/完成句子_ (fortune) after a brief stay in hospital，Ben was well enough to be allowed to leave and later the family met up for dinner. _ (fo

15、rtune), he was caught in the traffic jam and late for the meeting.Many young people leave their hometown to _ (碰运气) in big cities.【佳句背诵】In China，children are given money in a red envelope to bring good fortune in the New Year.在中国，过新年的时候孩子们会得到一个里面装着钱的红色信封，这能带来好运。5commitment n. 投入；奉献；承诺；保证【典型例句】 This

16、is quite important, because it is directly related to your commitment.这很重要，因为它直接关系到你的承诺。(1)make a commitment to (doing) sth. 承诺做某事(2)commit v. 犯(错误，罪)；投入；承诺commit suicide/crimes/ murder 自杀/犯罪/谋杀commit oneself to (doing) sth. 尽心尽力做be committed/dedicated / devoted to doing【练透考点】单句语法填空_ (commit) to ref

17、orming health care, the president got a good reputation. His _ (commit) to work is beyond question. Smoking is _ (commit) suicide slowly.【佳句背诵】You need to commit an hour reading books every day.你要每天抽出一小时来读书。.核心短语6make it 成功【教材原句】The journey was too dangerous and difficult for all of us to make it in

18、 our small boats.这个旅程太危险、太艰难，以至于我们不能所有人能做成。(教材P39)make fire 生火make sense 有意义；有道理；讲得通make a list of 列清单make sure 确保make an appointment 约会；预约make a difference 有影响；产生差别【练透考点】单句写作任何情况下都不要失去信心，坚持下去，你迟早会成功的。_如果我们想在生活中发挥作用，重要的一点就是我们应该从小事开始。_幸运地是，老师觉察到我的问题，告诉我小事情也能起到重要作用。_【佳句背诵】If you dont have enough time

19、available but dont want to leave out any attractions, I suggest that you make a list of what you want to see.如果你没有足够的时间但又不想遗漏任何景点，我建议你列出你想看的地方的清单。7turn into 变成【教材原句】Dont you go into another Tom.你不要变成另一个Tom.(教材P39)turn A into B 把A变成Bturn sb./sth. down 拒绝某人/某事turn away 拒绝入内；把打发走turn up 出现；露面；调大turn ou

20、t 证明是；结果是；赶走；生产turn over 打翻；翻身；移交turn to 求助于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向【练透考点】单句写作不论什么时候学习上遇到困难，请马上找我们帮忙。_我经常向同学或老师求助。结果我在学习上取得很大进步。_为了集中精力学习，她拒绝了几次演出的邀请。_【佳句背诵】Every obstacle can be turned into an opportunity, if he has the right attitude. People with this attitude are buoyant, not easily discouraged, and welco

21、me challenges and adversity.如果他有正确的态度，那么每一个障碍都会变成机会。 具有这种态度的人很乐观，不容易灰心，并且迎接挑战和逆境。8apply to 申请【教材原句】However, when I applied to join the expedition, Shackleton turned me down because he thought I was too young and wasnt qualified.然而，当我申请加入探险时， Shackleton 拒绝了我，因为他觉得我年纪太小不够资格。apply for sth. 申请某物apply to

22、 do sth. 申请做某事applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请；应用；申请表【练透考点】用apply的短语完成句子All the _ can _ in person or by letter and at the same time should hand in their _ before May 6th.If you want to apply for membership, you are requested to fill in the _. She was upset to know that her _ for the position was re

23、fused.典型句式精析9Without Tom and Ernest, wed be dead by now.如果没有Tom和Ernest，我们现在就死定了。【典型例句】Without your help，I couldnt have won the first place in the English Speaking Competition.要是没有你的帮助，我不可能在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。【句式分析】without/but for/but that含蓄型虚拟语气，没有，要不是虚拟语气从句谓语动词主句谓语动词与现在事实相反过去式(be的过去式形式用were)would/could/s

24、hould/might动词原形与过去事实相反过去完成式would/could/should/mighthave done与将来事实相反were to doshould do过去式would/could/should/might动词原形【练透考点】单句写作要是我弟弟在这儿，一切都会好的。_要是今天下午下雨，篮球比赛就会被推迟。_上个星期你为什么不把你的困难告诉我？如果你告诉我， 我会帮助你的。Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week? _.10Staying alive took all our time and energy.活着需要

25、我们所有的时间和精力。【典型例句】As we all know, going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.众所周知，早起早睡是一个好习惯。【句式分析】句中going, getting 为动名词作主语。动名词除作主语外，还可作表语、定语和宾语等。【练透考点】单句写作他在会议上所做的事情就是与玛丽谈话。_我回避提及这个话题，以免冒犯他。_独居而不和他人来往没有好处。_【佳句背诵】Therefore, please spend some time taking a brief look at the history of the

26、 Tang Dynasty.因此，请花些时间简单地看看唐朝的历史。.高考能力同步化单句语法填空12019天津卷However, we can achieve meaning only if we have made a _ (commit) to something larger than our own little egos (自我)，whether to loved ones, to fellow humans, to work, or to some moral concept.22020天津卷To many people, technology means computers, ha

27、ndheld devices, or vehicles that travel to distant planets. However, technology is also the _ (apply) of scientific knowledge to solve a problem, touching lives in countless ways.32020浙江卷I am an active playgoer and playreader, and perhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my

28、_ (enthusiastic) for the theater with others.42020天津卷_ (fortunate), curiosity and discontent dont have to be learned. We are born with them and need only recapture them.52020浙江卷To show the versatility (多面性) of the short play, I have included a _ (guide) play, a radio play and a television play.6His

29、creativity and scientific accomplishments are the result of a combination of hard work and _ (persevere)7With no trees _ (grow)on Antarctica and no oil, the only fuel we could use was seal fat.8No rescue attempt could _ (expect) from outside as nobody knew where we were.9Although in great need of mo

30、ney, she remained _ (cheer) throughout the trip.10The move is clearly intended to _ (strength) the Presidents position as head of state. .必备知识试题化翻译句子1生活现在有了常规的模式。(fall into)_2他把自己的一生献给了慈善事业。(contribute to)_3有毅力的人是不会向困难低头的。(perseverance; give way to)_4是勇气和决心而不是运气保证了他的成功。(It was. that.)_5面临如此多的麻烦，我们未能

31、按时完成任务。(be faced with; fail to do)_.教材语篇高考化语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。In July, 1914, it was with great excitement 1._ I read an advertisement and began expedition to Antarctica with Sir Ernest Shackleton, one of the most famous 2._ (explore) of his day. Nobody found me until the ship had sa

32、iled.3._ January 18th,1915, the ship became 4._ (stick) in pack ice, but Shackleton didnt waste time on regrets. 5._ (call) us calmly together, he made an urgent announcement 6._ we must save only essential supplies. 7._ (show) his determination, he threw away his gold watch. He never gave way to di

33、sappointment and his perseverance won our complete faith 8._ him. On Elephant Island, Shackleton selected five others 9._ (go) to South Georgia and bring help while twentytwo of us were to remain there. Our circumstances were so desperate that it was uncertain 10._ we would return alive or not. Howe

34、ver, we 11._ (swear) that we would do 12._ he advocated before he returned to rescue us.2021济宁一模阅读下面材料， 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段， 使之构成一篇完整的短文。The Makeup Guy Dave was a makeup (化妆) artist who regularly held makeup artistry classes at the local community college. He was well known as an excellent trainer and

35、 enjoyed great popularity.Usually, the majority of his students were middleaged housewives, who wanted to finetune their makeup skills so as to make themselves more attractive. But this time, it was beyond him that his class was attended by a man as well.The new student was a gentleman in his best y

36、ears with a seemingly boundless interest in makeup artistry. He was keen to learn as much as he possibly could and asked questions whenever and wherever possible. He was so absorbed in learning that he wouldnt stop until he was satisfied with the result of his work.Understandably, the man was the nu

37、mber one subject of conversation when the other women were alone.Speculations (猜测) quickly started to spread. Why did he learn makeup? Was he to seek for a woman to be his life partner? How about my neighbors youngest daughter? Why on earth would he attend such a woman class? Who could it be?Doubts

38、like this came crowding in.The community college was placed in a remote rural area, which was why the other participants were quite doubtful of the mans intentions.Throughout the lessons, ignoring the curious women around him, the man carefully listened and wrote everything down he learned, leaving

39、the women more and more curious and puzzled.When the day and class were slowly coming to an end, the gossiping women simply could not hide their curiosity any longer, for they knew it was time to remove their doubts, otherwise .Finally, one of them couldnt resist her curiosity, so she picked up the

40、courage and asked him why he was so interested in makeup artistry.What followed was a dead silence. After what seemed a century, he slowly opened his mouth and here came the most inspiring beautiful reply.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2请按如下格式作答。He said his beloved wife partially lost her eyesight because of diab

41、etes (糖尿病) and she was no longer able to apply her makeup. _So he decided to take the course to surprise his wife. _Step 1品读语篇抓住要点Who：_What：_人称：_ ; 时态： _ ；何种细节描写为主：动作 ；语言 ；表情 ；环境 ；外貌 ；心理 Step 2审题构思研读首句Para.1: He said his beloved wife partially lost her eyesight because of diabetes (糖尿病) and she was

42、no longer able to apply her makeup.1据第一段开头关键词可知，本段应该描写 _。Para.2: So he decided to take the course to surprise his wife.2据第二段开头关键词可知，本段应该描写 _。Step 3斟酌打磨丰富句式1精挑细选核心词汇想周全_ 迷茫_ 下定决心做某事_ 毫不犹豫_ 呈现新面貌_ 各式各样2闪耀登场句式升级是亮点句式翻译：害怕被嘲笑，她把自己锁在房间里，沉浸在巨大的悲伤中。She was afraid of being laughed at so she locked herself i

43、n the room, feeling sad. (用非谓语)_是她的微笑而不是妆容让我心动。Her smile touches most my heart not the makeup.(用强调句)_Step 4逻辑衔接连句成文He said his beloved wife partially lost her eyesight because of diabetes (糖尿病) and she was no longer able to apply her makeup. _So he decided to take the course to surprise his wife. _选

44、择性必修第三册Unit 4Adversity and Courage基础回顾.重点单词1adversity2.expedition3.envy4.recreation5.decent6.cosy7abandon8.assign9.sink10.crush11.guidance12.endurance13.belongings14.miserable.拓展单词1persevereperseverance2.enduranceendure3.envyenvious4.enthusiasticenthusiasmmitmentcommit6.resolveresolution7.fortunateu

45、nfortunatefortunately8.cruelcruelty9.applicationapplyapplicant10.qualifiedqualification.核心短语1dream of2.apply to3.turn sb. down4.be enthusiastic about5.set off6.keep ones spirits up7.good/bad tempered8manage to do sth.9.give off10.make fire.重点句型1Without2.Staying alive3.asas课堂讲解1qualificationHe took a

46、ll kinds of tests to prove he was qualified for this important task.I think I am qualified to meet all the requirements you listed.2enthusiasticenthusiasmIm sure that it will interest you，for you have been enthusiastic about pingpong.3belongingsbelonging4FortunatelyUnfortunatelyseek their fortune5Co

47、mmittedcommitmentcommitting6In no sense should you lose heart；keep trying and you will make it sooner or later.If we are to make a difference in life，it is vital that we should begin with small things.Luckily my teacher sensed my problem，telling me that every small thing can make a big difference.7P

48、lease dont hesitate to turn to us for help whenever you have trouble with your study.I often turn to my classmates or teachers for help. As a result, I have made great progress in my studies.She has turned down several invitations to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.8applicantsap

49、plyapplicationsapplicationapplication9If my brother were here, everything would be all right.If it should rain this afternoon, the basketball match would be put off.If you had told me, I could have helped you10What he did in the meeting was chatting with Mary.I avoided mentioning the subject in case

50、 he should be offended.It is no good living alone without keeping in touch with others.随堂练习.高考能力同步化单句语法填空1commitment2.application3.enthusiasm4.Fortunately5guidance6.perseverance7.growing8.be expected9.cheerful10.strengthen.必备知识试题化翻译句子1Life falls into a regular pattern.2He contributed his whole life

51、to charity.3People with perseverance will not give way to difficulties.4It was not fortune but courage and determination that guaranteed his success.5Faced with so many troubles, we failed to finish the task on schedule.教材语篇高考化语法填空1that2.explorers3.On4.stuck5.Having called6.that7To show8.in9.to go10

52、.whether11.swore12.what话题与高考写作Step 1品读语篇抓住要点a gentleman, his wifeA man learning makeup.第三人称一般过去时Step 2审题构思研读首句1他学习化妆的原因并且和他妻子有关2他学习化妆后他妻子的变化Step 3斟酌打磨丰富句式1at a lossdetermine to dowithout hesitationtake on a new looka wide range of2Fearing being laughed at, she locked herself in the room, abandoning

53、herself to great grief.It is her smile that touches most my heart, not the makeup.Step 4逻辑衔接连句成文参考范文：He said his beloved wife partially lost her eyesight because of diabetes (糖尿病) and she was no longer able to apply her makeup. Fearing being laughed at, she locked herself in the room, abandoning her

54、self to great grief. She was absolutely beautiful even without makeup. But what upset her was that she simply felt not comfortable leaving the home without makeup. Sensing her loneliness in a colorless world, I was at a loss as to what to do. Once informed of this class, I determined to learn makeup

55、 without hesitation, hoping to make a difference.So he decided to take the course to surprise his wife. Without a pause, he shared his story. He mastered a wide range of practical skills, allowing him to help her take on a new look. Surely, being enveloped by an atmosphere of love, his beloved wife at present was deeply affected. “I not only want to learn how to apply her makeup but also want her to wear the most beautiful makeup so her inner beauty also shone on the outside.” he announced, “It is her smile that touches most my heart, not the makeup.”