2022届高中英语人教版一轮课时天天练（五）　必修第一册　UNIT4　NATURALDISASTERS WORD版含解析.docx

1、课时天天练(五)必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters.阅读理解A2021广州市高三阶段性训练TheWuhanInstituteofShipbuildingTechnologywasusedasaquarantinesite (隔离区) fromFeb8toMarch28.ChengShining, ajuniorofCentralChinaNormalUniversityinWuhan, wasresponsibleforcollectinganddistributingsuppliesforquarantinedpeopleandmedicalstaff.Astheyoung

2、estvolunteeratthissite, healsochosetolivetheresothathecouldshowupwheneverhewasneeded.OnedayChengandtwoothervolunteerstookmorethan3hourstomoveall1,462boxesofmineralwatertostoragewith50firemenshelp.Chengsays.“Asinglepersonsstrengthislimited, butweknowthewholecountryishelpingus.”Chengwasavolunteerforth

3、eMilitaryWorldGamesheldinWuhanlastOctober.Itwasthefirsttimehesawhishometownundertheworldsspotlight.“IveexperiencedthehighlightofWuhan, andnowwhenmyhometowntouchedalowpoint, Iwanttogetthroughthedifficultytogetherwiththecity，”Chengsays.LikeCheng, 28yearoldWuhanlocalZhuAobingalsovolunteeredtohelphishom

4、ecity.Hesigneduprightawaytobeavolunteerforthevaccine.Atotalof108WuhanlocalsbecamethefirstgroupofCOVID19vaccinevolunteersinMarch.Theyarehealthyadultsagedfrom18to60selectedfromthousandsofpeoplewhoapplied.“Sincethelockdown, IvealwaysbeenthinkingwhatIcandoformyhometownduringtheepidemic，”hesays.Zhuisafre

5、shmanofHubeiUniversityofTechnologyinWuhan.Hejoinedthearmywhenhewas18yearsoldandservedforfiveyears.However, Zhudidntwanttomissthechancetostudyfurther, sohedecidedtogotocollegelastyear.“NomatterhowlongIhavefinishedmymilitaryservice, Ialwayshavetheresponsibilitytogotothefrontlinewhenthecountryneedsme,

6、andwhenfacingthispandemic(疫情)，beingavaccinevolunteeriswhatIshoulddo，”hesays.1HowdoesChengsoundwhentalkingaboutthehelpfromthefiremen?ADescriptiveandseriousBGenerousandexcitingCAppreciativeandoptimisticDCautiousandsupportive2HowcanZhuhelphishomecity?AByservingtheMilitaryWorldGames.BByhelpingrunaquaran

7、tinesite.CBystudyingfurtherincollege.DBybeingavaccinevolunteer.3Whatdoesthe“highlight”probablyrefertoinpara.3?AWuhanheldtheMilitaryWorldGamesuccessfully.BWuhanwaslockeddownbecauseoftheCOVID19.CChengwasavolunteerfortheMilitaryWorldGame.DChengwasavolunteertostorethemineralwater.4WhatdoChengandZhuhavei

8、ncommon?ATheyareWuhanlocals.BTheyservedinthearmy.CTheyareofthesameage.DTheygraduatedfromuniversity.5WhichofthefollowingismostlikelysaidbyPresidentXitothemduringtheepidemic?ADiligenceiscrucialforthedevelopmentofourcountry.BChinesedreamiswhatpushesthewholecountryahead.CLifeisabookandyouareresponsiblef

9、oryourownpage.DTheChineseyouthoftheneweracanshouldergreatmissions.B2021山东一模Thisseason, thebushfiresinAustraliahaveburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland.Atleast25peoplehavebeenkilledand2,000homesdestroyed.AccordingtotheBBC, thisisthemostcasualties(伤亡)fromwildfiresinthecountrysince2009.TheUniversityof

10、Sydneyestimatesthat480millionanimalshavediedinSouthWalesalone.ZekeHausfather, anenergysystemsanalystandclimateresearcheratBerkeleyEarth, saidwarmertemperaturesandextremeweatherhavemadeAustraliamoresusceptible_tofiresandincreasedthelengthofthefireseason.“Thedrierconditionscombinedwithrecordhightemper

11、aturesin2019createdmainconditionsforthedisastrousfires.Australiasfireswereworsenedbythecombinationofthosetwo.2019wastheperfectstormforbeingthewarmestyearonrecordforAustraliaandthedriestyearonrecordforAustralia，”HausfatheraddedonFriday.KevinTrenberth, aseniorscientistattheUSNationalCenterforAtmospher

12、icResearch, saidwarmeroceantemperaturesarealsocontributedtomorevariableweatheraroundtheworld.Trenberthbelievesthatglobalwarmingcontributedtoenergyimbalancesandhotspotsintheoceans, whichcancreateawaveintheatmospherethatlocksweatherpatternsinplaces, causinglongerraineventsinIndonesia, forexample, anda

13、tthesametimecontributingtodroughtinAustralia.Hesaidthatonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore, itincreasestheriskoffirescatchingandspreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobalwarmingmakedroughteventslonger.Climateexpertsstressthatclimatechangeisnottheonlyfactorintheseverityofw

14、ildfires.Howlandismanagedcanalsoimpacttheamountoffuelavailableforfires.Practiceslikecontrolledburnsandotherfactorscanimpacttherisktopeopleandproperty, suchaswarningsystemsandthetypeofdevelopmentinagivenarea.Changingthosepolicieshasgreatpotentialtolimitfuturedamagefromwildfiresalongwithchangestohowfi

15、remanagementresourcesaredispatched(派遣)6Whatarethenumbersaboutinparagraph1?AThecausesofAustralianfires.BTheresultsofAustralianfires.CThedamagedareasofAustralianfires.DThepropertydestructionofAustralianfires.7Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“susceptibleto”inthesecondparagraph?AVeryquicklytoadaptto.BVer

16、yseriouslytofocuson.CVerylikelytobeinfluencedby.DVeryeasilytobeprotectedagainst.8WhatcanweinferfromTrenberthsresearch?AGlobalwarmingistherootcauseofthebushfires.BLongerdryweathercontributestoglobalwarming.CWarmeroceantemperaturespromotefiresspreading.DTheimbalancedenergyleadstothetemperaturerising.9

17、Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?ATostresstheeffectsofAustraliafires.BToshowthemethodsforcontrollingburns.CTopredicttheseriousnessofAustraliafires.DToprovidesomeadviceaboutreducingdamage.完形填空2021湖北武汉高三质量检测SusieGoodallfinallywasdiscoveredandrescued.Shewasavolunteerinthe_1_GoldenGlobeRace

18、accompanyingsailorsthroughthe_2_June.OnWednesdaymorning, Goodallwas2,000mileswestofSouthAmericawhenherboatwaslikeadrunkenmaninastrongwindandabrokenbarknockedher_3_unconscious.Butsoonafterthatsheawakenedandatoncerangthealarmthroughheremergencysystemandaseriesoftroubling_4_，whichhadrecordedherhappenin

19、gsduringthejourney, werepostedonherFacebookatonce.ChilesMaritimeCenterreceivedher_5_andsoonorderedashiptochangeitscoursetorescueGoodall.Meanwhile，allGoodallcoulddowaswaittryingtokeepherboat_6_inthewavingSouthPacificandpumpingoutwaterhatwas_7_intodamagedcabin (船舱), whichmadeherworriedaboutherpresents

20、ituation.WhentheChileanshipfinally_8_Goodall, loweringdownasmallboattosaveherseemed_9_becauseupto13feetwaveswill_10_theboatatanytime._11_，crewmembersonboard_12_anotherwayloweredalongthickropefromtheship, and_13_Goodallfromhershiptosafety.Asluckwouldhaveit, thechosenmethodreallyworked.Goodallarriveda

21、ttheChileanportwithoutanydelay.OnherFacebook, Goodallwrote：“TheywerethehardestandloneliestdaysIveeverhad.Actually, allIwantedwasabreakwithno_14_tothebusydailylife.ButImightaswell_15_homeinsteadofgivingup.”1A.finalBpreviousCmonthlyDannual2A.tourBvoyageCtripDscene3A.permanentlyBtotallyCtemporarilyDser

22、iously4A.updatesBquestionsCfantasiesDthoughts5A.callBwarningCsignalDreply6A.dryBtidyCstillDsteady7A.leakingBflyingCflowingDdropping8A.rescuedBabandonedCpassedDspotted9A.fastBproperCimpossibleDuncomfortable10A.swallowBliftChitDpush11A.BesidesBOtherwiseCInsteadDAlso12A.changedBrecommendedCadmiredDdesc

23、ribed13A.pulledBkeptCgraspedDfetched14A.answerBaccessCdamageDcontribution15A.driveBrideCwalkDsail.语法填空ThewildfiresinAustraliabecameconsiderablyworseinJanuary, 2020.Thedisasterfacedby1._countryisfarfromover.Manyofthefires2._ (send) smokehighintotheatmosphereandsomesmoketurnedintopyrocumulonimbuscloud

24、.Thecloudscanhelpafiredrawinmoreairandshiftsurfacewinds, 3._ (result) infiretornadoes(龙卷风)Fireshavedestroyedhabitatsforanimalsthat4._ (find) onlyinAustralia, includingkoalasandrarebirds.Itwilltaketimetofullyknowhowmuchharmshavedone5._wildlife.Thewildfiresareexpected6._ (continue) burningformonthsasA

25、ustraliaentereditsdryseason.Thispastyear, 2019, isthehottestanddriestyearonrecord.Fireshappen7._ (regular) duringtheAustraliandryseason.However，climateandnaturalchangesaremakingthesituation8._ (bad).Atleast12millionacreshavebeenburnedsofarinVictoriaandNewSouthWalesalone.Smokefromthefireshasmade9._to

26、SouthAmerica.Thereissomuchsmokethatitmaystayintheairformonths, 10._couldhaveasmalleffectontheplanetsclimate.课时天天练(五)必修第一册Unit4NaturalDisasters.阅读理解A【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章分别讲述了两位来自武汉的志愿者在疫情期间做出的贡献。1答案与解析：C推理判断题。根据第二段的Asinglepersonsstrengthislimited, butweknowthewholecountryishelpingus.可知，在程看来，虽然个人的力量有限，但他知

27、道整个国家都在帮助他们。由此推测，他一方面有对于国家援助的感激之情，另一方面也能感受到战胜疫情的信心。C.Appreciativeandoptimistic(感激并且乐观)符合以上推测，故选C项。2答案与解析：D细节理解题。根据第四段第一二句LikeCheng, 28yearoldWuhanlocalZhuAobingalsovolunteeredtohelphishomecity.Hesigneduprightawaytobeavolunteerforthevaccine.(像程一样，28岁的武汉当地人，朱奥兵也自愿帮助自己的家乡。他立刻报名成为疫苗的志愿者。)可知，朱帮助自己城市的方式就是

28、申请成为疫苗志愿者。D.Bybeingavaccinevolunteer.(通过成为疫苗志愿者)符合以上说法，故选D项。3答案与解析：A词义猜测题。根据划线上文“ChengwasavolunteerfortheMilitaryWorldGamesheldinWuhanlastOctober.Itwasthefirsttimehesawhishometownundertheworldsspotlight.(程是去年十月在武汉举行的军事世界运动会的志愿者。这是他第一次看到自己的家乡成为世界的焦点)”由此可知，highlight所在句意思为：程说：“我已经经历了武汉的辉煌(即武汉成功举办了世界军事运

29、动会)，现在当我的家乡陷入低谷时，我想和这座城市一起度过难关。”可知，highlight指的是“武汉成功举办了世界军事运动会”。故选A。4答案与解析：A细节理解题。根据第四段第一句LikeCheng, 28yearoldWuhanlocalZhuAobingalsovolunteeredtohelphishomecity.可知答案为A。5答案与解析：D推理判断题。根据第一段的ChengShining, ajuniorofCentralChinaNormalUniversityinWuhan, wasresponsibleforcollectinganddistributingsuppliesf

30、orquarantinedpeopleandmedicalstaff.Astheyoungestvolunteeratthissite, healsochosetolivetheresothathecouldshowupwheneverhewasneeded. (程，武汉华中师范大学二年级学生，负责为隔离区和医护人员收集和分发供给品。作为这个点最小的志愿者，他也选择了住在这里，这样他就可以在任何需要他的时间出现)和最后一段的NomatterhowlongIhavefinishedmymilitaryservice, Ialwayshavetheresponsibilitytogotothefr

31、ontlinewhenthecountryneedsme, andwhenfacingthispandemic，beingavaccinevolunteeriswhatIshoulddo(不管我已经服完兵役多久，当国家需要我的时候我都有责任去到最前线，当面对疫情时，成为疫苗志愿者就是我应该做的)可知，两位志愿者虽然年轻但都能为国家为大局挺身而出负起责任，由此推断D.TheChineseyouthoftheneweracanshouldergreatmissions.(中国新时代的年轻人能肩负伟大的职责)更有可能是习总书记对他们说的话，故选D项。B【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了澳大利亚森林

32、大火产生的条件和蔓延的原因。6答案与解析：B推理判断题。由第一段Thisseason, thebushfiresinAustraliahaveburnedmorethan12.35millionacresofland.Atleast25peoplehavebeenkilledand2,000homesdestroyed.这个季节，澳大利亚的森林大火已经烧毁了1235万英亩的土地。至少25人死亡，2000间房屋被毁。本段数据表明森林大火产生的严重后果。7答案与解析：C词句猜测题。由第二段“ZekeHausfather, anenergysystemsanalystandclimateresear

33、cheratBerkeleyEarth, saidwarmertemperaturesandextremeweatherhavemadeAustraliamoresusceptible_tofiresandincreasedthelengthofthefireseason.”(加州大学伯克利分校地球分校的能源系统分析师萨福尔说，气温升高和极端天气使澳大利亚更容易发生火灾，并延长了火的长度。)可推测气温升高和极端天气更容易发生火灾，moresusceptibleto意为“更容易受到”与C项Verylikelyto“对可能”意思相近。故选C项。8答案与解析：A推理判断题。由第三段Hesaidtha

34、tonceanareaexperiencesdroughtconditionsfortwomonthsormore, itincreasestheriskoffirescatchingandspreading.Thosechangingweatherpatternsduetoglobalwarmingmakedroughteventslonger.(他说，一旦一个地区经历了两个月或更长时间的干旱，它就会增加火灾蔓延的风险。那些由于全球变暖而改变的天气使得干旱持续的时间更长。)可推断，全球气候变暖是森林火灾的根本原因。9答案与解析：D推理判断题。由第四段Practiceslikecontroll

35、edburnsandotherfactorscanimpacttherisktopeopleandproperty, suchaswarningsystemsandthetypeofdevelopmentinagivenarea. (控制烧伤等做法和其他因素可影响对人员和财产的风险，如预警系统和特定地区的开发类型。)可知，作者在最后一段介绍控制火灾造成的伤害的方法。.完形填空【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了一名航海志愿者SusieGoodall在航海过程中先遇险后获救的故事。1答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。根据2题后面的everyJune可知，该航海比赛每年举行一次。final意为“最终的”pr

36、evious意为“先前的”；monthly意为“每月的”；annual意为“每年的”。故选D。2答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。根据上下文的语境可知，此处举办的是航海比赛。tour意为“旅行”；voyage意为“航海”；trip意为“短途旅行”；scene意为“场景”。故选B。3答案与解析：C考查副词词义辨析。permanently意为“永久地”；totally意为“总共地”；temporarily意为“暂时地”；seriously意为“严重地”。根据下文的Butsoonafterthatsheawakened可知，她很快苏醒了过来，所以当时她应是暂时昏迷了，故选C。4答案与解析：A考查名词词

37、义辨析。根据语境可知，此处表达的是，她在Facebook上实时更新她航行的一些消息。update意为“更新”；question意为“问题”；fantasy意为“幻想”；thought意为“想法”。故选A。5答案与解析：C考查名词词义辨析。根据上文Goodall在醒来之后的求救行为(rangthealarm)可知，此处表达的是，智利海事通信中心接收到了她发出的信号。call意为“呼叫”；warning意为“警报”；signal意为“信号”；reply意为“回复”，故选C。6答案与解析：D考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文的whenherboatwaslikeadrunkenmaninastrongwi

38、nd可知，此处应是指需要在海浪中保持平稳以确保安全，故选D。7答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，Goodall在航行过程中遇险，船一定漏水了，故要处理渗入船舱的水。leak意为“渗入”；fly意为“飞行”；flow意为“流淌”；drop意为“掉落”。故选A。8答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据下文的内容可知，智利方面的船发现了Goodall。rescue意为“援救”；abandon意为“抛弃”；pass意为“通过”；spot意为“发现”。故选D。易错警示：本题很多考生会错选A项，单看此句及该事件的结果可错选A项。但是由下文的一系列做法可知，A处应是指船“发现”Goodall。9答

39、案与解析：C考查形容词词义辨析。根据下文内容可知，搜救船只采取了别的方法。由此可推断，这种方法是不可行的，所以此处表达的是，放下一条小船去救她似乎是不可能的。故选C。10答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为高达13英尺的海会随时淹没这艘船。根据上下文语境及常识可知，此处指，海高达13英尺，会随时淹没这条船。swallow意为“吞没”；lift意为“上升”；hit意为“打击”；push意为“推”。故选A。11答案与解析：C考查副词词义辨析。根据上文可知，放出小船来进行营救不可行，但是，搜救的船准备了其他的方案。前后文是转折关系。故选C。12答案与解析：B考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，在第

40、一种方法不可行的前提下，船员应是“推荐”了另一种方法。change意为“改变”；recommend意为“推荐”；admire意为“钦佩”；describe意为“描述”。故选B。13答案与解析：A考查动词词义辨析。根据上文可知，从船上放下了一根绳子，故此处应是指(船)拉着Goodall到安全的地方。pull意为“拉”；keep意为“保持”；grasp意为“抓住”；fetch意为“取来”。故选A。14答案与解析：B考查名词词义辨析。根据语境可知，此处指进入到繁忙的生活中。accessto意为“进入”，为固定用法。故选B。15答案与解析：D考查动词词义辨析。根据语境可知，Coodall可能还是要坐船

41、回家，故选D。.语法填空【语篇解读】澳大利亚的森林大火在2020年1月变得更加严重，同时火灾中产生的烟雾又引发了火灾龙卷风。1答案与解析：the考查冠词。此处的country特指上文的Australia，故应用定冠词。故填the。2答案与解析：sent考查时态。根据后文的turnedinto可知，此处应用一般过去时，且主语Manyofthefires与谓语动词send之间是主谓关系。故填sent。3答案与解析：resulting考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，result在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填resulting。4答案与解析：arefo

42、und考查时态及语态。本句的主语animals与动词find构成动宾关系，且该句话描述的是当前的事实故应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填arefound。5答案与解析：to考查介词。doharmto为固定短语，意为“伤害”。故填to。6答案与解析：tocontinue考查非谓语动词。beexpectedtodosth.为固定搭配，意为“被期望做某事”。故填tocontinue。7答案与解析：regularly考查词性转换。修饰动词happen应用副词。故填regularly。8答案与解析：worse考查形容词的比较级。根据句意可知，此处表示“更糟”，故应用形容词的比较级形式。故填worse。9答案与解析：it考查代词。makeitto为固定短语，意为“到”。故填it。10答案与解析：which考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处所在是非限制性定语从句，修饰上文的整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。